2021考研英语答案

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2021年考研英语真题(含答案解析)|2021考研

英语一真题

2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionI

UofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingte_t.

Choothebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankand

markA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.

(10points)Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemay

bemoreintelligentthanothersisoneoftho

hypothesthatdarenotspeakitsname.

ButGregoryCochranistosayitanyway.

Heisthatbird,ascientistwhoworksindependently

anyinstitution.

Hehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediasnot

thoughttohaveabacterialcauwereactually

infections,whicharoudmuchcontroversywhenitwas

firstsuggested.

he,however,mighttrembleattheofwhatheis

abouttodo.

Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heis

publishingapaperwhichnotonlythatonegroupof

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humanityismoreintelligentthantheothers,but

e_plainstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.

Thegroupinareaparticularpeopleoriginatedfrom

centralEurope.

Theprocessisnaturallection.

ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,12-15

pointsabovethevalueof100,andhavecontributedto

theintellectualandculturallifeoftheWest,asthe

oftheirelites,includingveralworld-renowned

scientists,.

Theyalsosuffermoreoftenthanmostpeoplefroma

numberofnastygeicdias,suchasbreastcancer.

Thefacts,,havepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated.

Theformerhasbeentosocialeffects,suchasa

strongtraditionofeducation.

Thelatterwasenasa(an)ofgeicisolation.

Dr.

Cochransuggeststhattheintelligenceanddias

areintimately.

Hisargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthe

peoplehasthemtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthat

haveresultedinthisstateofaffairs.

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1.

[A]lected[B]prepared[C]obliged[D]plead2.

[A]unique[B]particular[C]special[D]rare3.

[A]of[B]with[C]in[D]against4.

[A]subquently[B]prently[C]previously[D]

lately5.

[A]Only[B]So[C]Even[D]Hence6.

[A]thought[B]sight[C]cost[D]risk7.

[A]advis[B]suggests[C]protests[D]objects8.

[A]progress[B]fact[C]need[D]question9.

[A]attaining[B]scoring[C]reaching[D]

calculating10.

[A]normal[B]mon[C]mean[D]total11.

[A]unconsciously[B]disproportionately[C]

indefinitely[D]unaccountably12.

[A]missions[B]fortunes[C]interests[D]careers

13.

[A]affirm[B]witness[C]obrve[D]approve14.

[A]moreover[B]therefore[C]however[D]meanwhile

15.

[A]givenup[B]gotover[C]carriedon[D]putdown

16.

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[A]asssing[B]supervising[C]administering[D]

valuing17.

[A]development[B]origin[C]conquence[D]

instrument18.

[A]linked[B]integrated[C]woven[D]bined19.

[A]limited[B]subjected[C]converted[D]directed

20.

[A]parado_ical[B]inpatible[C]inevitable[D]

continuousSectionIIReadingprehensionPartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourte_ts.

Answerthequestionsbeloweachte_tbychoosingA,B,

CorD.

MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

(40points)Te_t1Whilestillcatching-uptomenin

somespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayahead

inatleastoneundesirablecategory.

“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodeveloping

depressionandan_ietydisordersinrespontostress

paredtomen,”accordingtoDr.

Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVeteran’s

AdministrationHospital.

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Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthat

_hormonessomehowaffectthestressrespon,causing

femalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetrigger

chemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.

Inveralofthestudies,whenstresd-outfemale

ratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)

removed,theirchemicalresponsbecameequaltotho

ofthemales.

Addingtoawoman’sincreaddoofstress

chemicals,areherincread“opportunities”forstress.

“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeas

well.

It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocope

with,”saysDr.

Yehuda.

“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbe

greaterthanmen’s,”sheobrves,“it’sjustthat

they’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybee

wornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”Dr.

Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthe_es.

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“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenare

e_podtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeated

nature.

Mengotowarandaree_podtobatstress.

Menaree_podtomoreactsofrandomphysical

violence.

Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenare

e_podtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,

unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andthey

tendnottobeone-shotdeals.

Thewear-and-tearthatesfromthelonger

relationshipscanbequitedevastating.”AdelineAlvarez

marriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdetermined

tofinishcollege.

“Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.

Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmy

escape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”

Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.

“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,

haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpay

thedebt.

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Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”Noteveryone

e_periencesthekindsofverechronicstressAlvarez

describes.

Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotof

obligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.

Alvarez’_periencedemonstratestheimportanceof

findingwaystodiffustressbeforeitthreatensyour

healthandyourabilitytofunction.

21.

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirst

twoparagraphs?[A]Womenarebiologicallymore

vulnerabletostress.

[B]Womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscaudby

men.

[C]Womenaremoree_periencedthanmenincoping

withstress.

[D]Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhen

facedwithstress.

22.

Dr.

Yehuda’srearchsuggeststhatwomen[A]neede_tra

dosofchemicalstohandlestress.

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[B]havelimitedcapacityfortoleratingstress.

[C]aremorecapableofavoidingstress.

[D]aree_podtomorestress.

23.

AccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfront

tendstobe[A]domesticandtemporary.

[B]irregularandviolent.

[C]durableandfrequent.

[D]trivialandrandom.

24.

Thentence“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”

(Line6,Para.

5)showsthat[A]Alvarezcaredaboutnothingbut

makingmoney.

[B]Alvarez’ssalarybarelycoveredherhouhold

e_pens.

[C]Alvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentjobs.

[D]Alvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbycheck.

25.

Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitlefor

thete_t?[A]StrainofStress:NoWayOut?[B]Respons

toStress:GenderDifference[C]StressAnalysis:What

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ChemicalsSay[D]GenderInequality:WomenUnderStress

Te_t2Itudtobesostraightforward.

Ateamofrearchersworkingtogetherinthe

laboratorywouldsubmittheresultsoftheirrearchto

ajournal.

Ajournaleditorwouldthenremovetheauthors’

namesandaffiliationsfromthepaperandnditto

theirpeersforreview.

Dependingonthementsreceived,theeditorwould

acceptthepaperforpublicationordeclineit.

Copyrightrestedwiththejournalpublisher,and

rearchersekingknowledgeoftheresultswouldhave

tosubscribetothejournal.

Nolonger.

TheInter–andpressurefromfundingagencies,who

arequestioningwhymercialpublishersaremakingmoney

fromgovernment-fundedrearchbyrestrictingaccessto

it–ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality.

TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationand

Development(OECD)hasjustissuedareportdescribing

thefar-reachingconquencesofthis.

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Thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversity

inAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavy

readingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsome

profits.

Butitgoesfurtherthanthat.

Itsignalsachangeinwhathas,untilnow,beena

keyelementofscientificendeavor.

Thevalueofknowledgeandthereturnonthepublic

investmentinrearchdepends,inpart,uponwide

distributionandreadyaccess.

Itisbigbusiness.

InAmerica,thecorescientificpublishingmarketis

estimatedatbetween$7billionand$11billion.

TheInternationalAssociationofScientific,

TechnicalandMedicalPublisherssaysthattherearemore

than2,000publishersworldwidespecializinginthe

subjects.

Theypublishmorethan1.2millionarticleachyear

insome16,000journals.

Thisisnowchanging.

AccordingtotheOECDreport,some75%ofscholarly

journalsarenowonline.

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Entirelynewbusinessmodelsareemerging;threemain

oneswereidentifiedbythereport’sauthors.

Thereistheso-calledbigdeal,whereinstitutional

subscriberspayforaccesstoacollectionofonline

journaltitlesthroughsite-licensingagreements.

Thereisopen-accesspublishing,typicallysupported

byaskingtheauthor(orhimployer)topayforthe

papertobepublished.

Finally,thereareopen-accessarchives,where

organizationssuchasuniversitiesorinternational

laboratoriessupportinstitutionalrepositories.

Othermodel_istthatarehybridsofthethree,

suchasdelayedopen-access,wherejournalsallowonly

subscriberstoreadapaperforthefirstsi_months,

beforemakingitfreelyavailabletoeveryonewhowishes

toeit.

Allthiscouldchangethetraditionalformofthe

peer-reviewprocess,atleastforthepublicationof

papers.

26.

Inthefirstparagraph,theauthordiscuss[A]the

backgroundinformationofjournalediting.

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[B]thepublicationroutineoflaboratoryreports.

[C]therelationsofauthorswithjournalpublishers.

[D]thetraditionalprocessofjournalpublication.

27.

WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECDreport?[A]

Itcriticizesgovernment-fundedrearch.

[B]Itintroducesaneffectivemeansofpublication.

[C]Ituptsprofit-makingjournalpublishers.

[D]Itbenefitsscientificrearchconsiderably.

28.

Accordingtothete_t,onlinepublicationis

significantinthat[A]itprovidesaneasieraccessto

scientificresults.

[B]itbringshugeprofitstoscientificrearchers.

[C]itemphasizesthecrucialroleofscientific

knowledge.

[D]itfacilitatespublicinvestmentinscientific

rearch.

29.

Withtheopen-accesspublishingmodel,theauthorof

apaperisrequiredto[A]coverthecostofits

publication.

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[B]subscribetothejournalpublishingit.

[C]allowotheronlinejournalstouitfreely.

[D]pletethepeer-reviewbeforesubmission.

30.

Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthete_t?[A]

TheInterisposingathreattopublishers.

[B]Anewmodeofpublicationimerging.

[C]Authorswelethenewchannelforpublication.

[D]Publicationisrenderedeasierbyonlinervice.

Te_t3Intheearly1960sWiltChamberlainwasoneof

onlythreeplayersintheNationalBasketballAssociation

(NBA)listedatovervenfeet.

Ifhehadplayedlastason,however,hewouldhave

beenoneof42.

Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessionalsportshave

changeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershave

beenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthe

growingnumbersofbigger,longerframes.

Thetrendinsports,though,maybeobscuringan

unrecognizedreality:Americanshavegenerallystopped

growing.

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Thoughtypicallyabouttwoinchestallernowthan140

yearsago,today’speople–especiallythobornto

familieswhohavelivedintheU.S.

formanygenerations–apparentlyreachedtheir

limitintheearly1960s.

Andtheyaren’tlikelytogetanytaller.

“Inthegeneralpopulationtoday,atthisgeic,

environmentallevel,we’veprettymuchgoneasfaraswe

cango,”saysanthropologistWilliamCameronChumleaof

WrightStateUniversity.

InthecaofNBAplayers,theirincreainheight

appearstoresultfromtheincreasinglymonpracticeof

recruitingplayersfromallovertheworld.

Growth,whichrarelycontinuesbeyondtheageof20,

demandscaloriesandnutrients–notably,protein–to

feede_pandingtissues.

Atthestartofthe20thcentury,under-nutritionand

childhoodinfectionsgotintheway.

Butasdietandhealthimproved,childrenand

adolescentshave,onaverage,increadinheightby

aboutaninchandahalfevery20years,apatternknown

astheculartrendinheight.

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YetaccordingtotheCentersforDiaControland

Prevention,averageheight–5′9″formen,5′4″for

women–hasn’treallychangedsince1960.

Geicallyspeaking,thereareadvantagestoavoiding

substantialheight.

Duringchildbirth,largerbabieshavemoredifficulty

passingthroughthebirthcanal.

Moreover,eventhoughhumanshavebeenuprightfor

millionsofyears,ourfeetandbackcontinuetostruggle

withbipedalpostureandcannoteasilywithstandrepeated

strainimpodbyoversizelimbs.

“Therearesomerealconstraintsthataretbythe

geicarchitectureoftheindividualorganism,”says

anthropologistWilliamLeonardofNorthwesternUniversity.

Geicma_imumscanchange,butdon’te_pectthisto

happensoon.

ClaireC.

Gordon,nioranthropologistattheArmyRearch

CenterinNatick,Mass.,ensuresthat90percentofthe

uniformsandworkstationsfitrecruitswithoutalteration.

Shesaysthat,unlikethoforbasketball,the

lengthofmilitaryuniformshasnotchangedforsometime.

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Andifyouneedtopredicthumanheightinthenear

futuretodesignapieceofequipment,Gordonsaysthat

byandlarge,“youcouldutoday’sdataandfeel

fairlyconfident.”31.

WiltChamberlainiscitedasane_leto[A]

illustratethechangeofheightofNBAplayers.

[B]showthepopularityofNBAplayersintheU.S..

[C]paredifferentgenerationsofNBAplayers.

[D]assstheachievementsoffamousNBAplayers.

32.

Whichofthefollowingplaysakeyroleinbody

growthaccordingtothete_t?[A]Geicmodification.

[B]Naturalenvironment.

[C]Livingstandards.

[D]Dailye_erci.

33.

Onwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthor

mostprobablyagree?[A]Non-Americansaddtotheaverage

heightofthenation.

[B]Humanheightisconditionedbytheupright

posture.

[C]Americansarethetallestonaverageintheworld.

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[D]Largerbabiestendtobeetallerinadulthood.

34.

Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinthenear

future[A]thegarmentindustrywillreconsiderthe

uniformsize.

[B]thedesignofmilitaryuniformswillremain

unchanged.

[C]geictestingwillbeemployedinlecting

sportsmen.

[D]thee_istingdataofhumanheightwillstillbe

applicable.

35.

Thete_tintendstotellusthat[A]thechangeof

humanheightfollowsacyclicpattern.

[B]humanheightisbeingevenmorepredictable.

[C]Americanshavereachedtheirgeicgrowthlimit.

[D]thegeicpatternofAmericanshasaltered.

Te_t4In1784,fiveyearsbeforehebecamepresident

oftheUnitedStates,GeorgeWashington,52,wasnearly

toothless.

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Sohehiredadentisttotransplantnineteethinto

hisjaw–havinge_tractedthemfromthemouthsofhis

slaves.

That’safardifferentimagefromthecherry-tree-

choppingGeorgemostpeoplerememberfromtheirhistory

books.

Butrecently,manyhistorianshavebeguntofocuson

therolesslaveryplayedinthelivesofthefounding

generation.

TheyhavebeenspurredinpartbyDNAevidencemade

availablein1998,whichalmostcertainlyprovedThomas

Jeffersonhadfatheredatleastonechildwithhisslave

SallyHemings.

Andonlyoverthepast30yearshavescholars

e_aminedhistoryfromthebottomup.

Worksofveralhistoriansrevealthemoralpromis

madebythenation’arlyleadersandthefragile

natureofthecountry’sinfancy.

Moresignificantly,theyarguethatmanyofthe

FoundingFathersknewslaverywaswrong–andyetmost

didlittletofightit.

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Morethananything,thehistorianssay,thefounders

wereheredbythecultureoftheirtime.

WhileWashingtonandJeffersonprivatelye_presd

distasteforslavery,theyalsounderstoodthatitwas

partofthepoliticalandeconomicbedrockofthecountry

theyhelpedtocreate.

Foronething,theSouthcouldnotaffordtopart

withitsslaves.

Owningslaveswas“likehavingalargebank

account,”saysWiencek,authorofAnImperfectGod:

GeorgeWashington,HisSlaves,andtheCreationof

America.

Thesouthernstateswouldnothavesignedthe

Constitutionwithoutprotectionsforthe“peculiar

institution,”includingaclauthatcountedaslaveas

threefifthsofamanforpurposofcongressional

reprentation.

Andthestatesmen’spoliticallivesdependedon

slavery.

Thethree-fifthsformulahandedJeffersonhisnarrow

victoryinthepresidentialelectionof1800byinflating

thevotesofthesouthernstatesintheElectoralCollege.

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Onceinoffice,Jeffersone_tendedslaverywiththe

LouisianaPurchain1803;thenewlandwascarvedinto

13states,includingthreeslavestates.

Still,JeffersonfreedHemings’schildren–though

notHemingsherlforhisappro_imately150otherslaves.

Washington,whohadbeguntobelievethatallmen

werecreatedequalafterobrvingthebraveryofthe

blacksoldiersduringtheRevolutionaryWar,overcamethe

strongoppositionofhisrelativestogranthisslaves

theirfreedominhiswill.

Onlyadecadeearlier,suchanactwouldhave

requiredlegislativeapprovalinVirginia.

36.

GeorgeWashington’sdentalsurgeryismentionedto

[A]showtheprimitivemedicalpracticeinthepast.

[B]demonstratethecrueltyofslaveryinhisdays.

[C]stresstheroleofslavesintheU.S.

history.

[D]revealsomeunknownaspectofhislife.

37.

Wemayinferfromthecondparagraphthat[A]DNA

technologyhasbeenwidelyappliedtohistoryrearch.

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[B]initarlydaystheU.S.

wasconfrontedwithdelicatesituations.

[C]historiansdeliberatelymadeupsomestoriesof

Jefferson’slife.

[D]politicalpromisareeasilyfoundthroughout

theU.S.

history.

38.

WhatdowelearnaboutThomasJefferson?[A]His

politicalviewchangedhisattitudetowardsslavery.

[B]Hisstatusasafathermadehimfreethechild

slaves.

[C]Hisattitudetowardsslaverywasple_.

[D]Hisaffairwithaslavestainedhisprestige.

39.

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothete_t?

[A]SomeFoundingFathersbenefitpoliticallyfrom

slavery.

[B]Slavesintheolddaysdidnothavetherightto

vote.

[C]Slaveownersusuallyhadlargesavingsaccounts.

[D]Slaverywasregardedasapeculiarinstitution.

第22页共33页

40.

Washington’sdecisiontofreeslavesoriginatedfrom

his[A]moralconsiderations.

[B]militarye_perience.

[C]financialconditions.

[D]politicalstand.

PartBDirections:Inthefollowingarticle,some

ntenceshavebeenremoved.

ForQuestions41—45,choothemostsuitableone

fromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.

Therearetwoe_trachoices,whichdonotfitinany

oftheblanks.

MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

(10points)Thetimeforsharpeningpencils,

arrangingyourdesk,anddoingalmostanythingel

insteadofwritinghanded.

Thefirstdraftwillappearonthepageonlyifyou

stopavoidingtheinevitableandsit,standup,orlie

downtowrite.

(41)是大家网原创出品Befle_ible.

Youroutlineshouldsmoothlyconductyoufromone

pointtothene_t,butdonotpermitittorailroadyou.

第23页共33页

Ifarelevantandimportantideaoccurstoyounow,

workitintothedraft.

(42)是大家网原创出品Grammar,punctuation,and

spellingcanwaituntilyourevi.

Concentrateonwhatyouaresaying.

Goodwritingmostoftenoccurswhenyouareinhot

pursuitofanidearatherthaninanervousarchfor

errors.

(43)是大家网原创出品Yourpageswillbeeasierto

keeptrackofthatway,and,ifyouhavetoclipa

paragraphtoplaceitelwhere,youwillnotloany

writingontheotherside.

Ifyouareworkingonawordprocessor,youcantake

advantageofitscapacitytomakeadditionsanddeletions

aswellasmoveentireparagraphsbymakingjustafew

simplekeyboardmands.

Somesoftwareprogramscanalsocheckspellingand

certaingrammaticalelementsinyourwriting.

(44)是大家网原创出品Theprintoutsarealsoeasier

toreadthanthescreenwhenyouworkonrevisions.

Onceyouhaveafirstdraftonpaper,youcandelete

materialthatisunrelatedtoyourthesisandadd

第24页共33页

materialnecessarytoillustrateyourpointsandmake

yourpaperconvincing.

Thestudentwhowrote“TheA&;PasaStateof

Mind”wilydroppedaparagraphthatquestionedwhether

Sammydisplayschauvinisticattitudestowardwomen.

(45)是大家网原创出品Rememberthatyourinitial

draftisonlythat.

Youshouldgothroughthepapermanytimes–and

thenagain–workingtosubstantiateandclarifyyour

ideas.

Youmayevenendupwithveralentireversionsof

thepaper.

Rewrite.

Thentenceswithineachparagraphshouldberelated

toasingletopic.

Transitionsshouldconnectoneparagraphtothene_t

sothattherearenoabruptorconfusingshifts.

Awkwardorwordyphrasingorunclearntencesand

paragraphsshouldbemercilesslypokedandproddedinto

shape.

第25页共33页

[A]Tomakerevisingeasier,leavewidemarginsand

e_traspacebetweenlinessothatyoucaneasilyadd

words,ntences,andcorrections.

Writeononlyonesideofthepaper.

[B]Afteryouhaveclearlyandadequatelydeveloped

thebodyofyourpaper,payparticularattentiontothe

introductoryandconcludingparagraphs.

It’sprobablybesttowritetheintroductionlast,

afteryouknowprecilywhatyouareintroducing.

Concludingparagraphsdemandequalattentionbecau

theyleavethereaderwithafinalimpression.

[C]It’sworthremembering,however,thatthougha

cleancopyfreshoffaprintermaylookterrific,itwill

readonlyaswellasthethinkingandwritingthathave

goneintoit.

Manywritersprudentlystoretheirdataondisksand

printtheirpageachtimetheyfinishadrafttoavoid

losinganymaterialbecauofpowerfailuresorother

problems.

[D]Itmakesnodifferencehowyouwrite,justsoyou

do.

第26页共33页

Nowthatyouhavedevelopedatopicintoatentative

thesis,youcanasmbleyournotesandbegintoflesh

outwhateveroutlineyouhavemade.

[E]Althoughthisisaninterestingissue,ithas

nothingtodowiththethesis,whiche_plainshowthe

ttinginfluencesSammy’sdecisiontoquithisjob.

Insteadofincludingthatparagraph,sheaddedone

thatdescribedLengel’scrabbedrespontothegirlsso

thatshecouldleaduptotheA&;P“policy”he

enforces.

[F]Inthefinalparagraphaboutthesignificanceof

thettingin“A&;P,”thestudentbringstogether

thereasonsSammyquithisjobbyreferringtohis

refusaltoacceptLengel’sstorepolicies.

[G]Byusingthefirstdraftasameansofthinking

aboutwhatyouwanttosay,youwillverylikelydiscover

morethanyournotesoriginallysuggested.

Plentyofgoodwritersdon’tuoutlinesatallbut

discoverorderingprinciplesastheywrite.

Donotattempttopoaperfectlycorrectdraftthe

firsttimearound.

第27页共33页

PartCDirections:Readthefollowingte_tcarefully

andthentranslatetheunderlinedgmentsintoChine.

YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWER

SHEET2.

(10points)Inhisautobiography,Darwinhimlf

speaksofhisintellectualpowerswithe_traordinary

modesty.

Hepointsoutthathealway_periencedmuch

difficultyine_pressinghimlfclearlyandconcily,

but(46)hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhave

hadthepensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklong

andintentlyabouteveryntence,andthunablinghim

todetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobrvations.

Hedisclaimedtheposssionofanygreatquickness

ofapprehensionorwit,suchasdistinguishedHu_ley.

(47)Heasrted,also,thathispowertofollowa

longandpurelyabstracttrainofthoughtwasvery

limited,forwhichreasonhefeltcertainthathenever

couldhavesucceededwithmathematics.

Hismemory,too,hedescribeda_tensive,buthazy.

第28页共33页

Sopoorinonenwasitthathenevercould

rememberformorethanafewdaysasingledateoraline

ofpoetry.

(48)Ontheotherhand,hedidnotacceptaswell

foundedthechargemadebysomeofhiscriticsthat,

whilehewasagoodobrver,hehadnopowerof

reasoning.

This,hethought,couldnotbetrue,becauthe

“OriginofSpecies”isonelongargumentfromthe

beginningtotheend,andhasconvincedmanyablemen.

Noone,hesubmits,couldhavewrittenitwithout

posssingsomepowerofreasoning.

Hewaswillingtoasrtthat“Ihaveafairshare

ofinvention,andofmonnorjudgment,suchavery

fairlysuccessfullawyerordoctormusthave,butnot,I

believe,inanyhigherdegree.”(49)Headdshumblythat

perhapshewas“superiortothemonrunofmenin

noticingthingswhicheasilyescapeattention,andin

obrvingthemcarefully.”Writinginthelastyearof

hislife,hee_presdtheopinionthatintwoorthree

respectshismindhadchangedduringtheprecedingtwenty

orthirtyyears.

第29页共33页

Uptotheageofthirtyorbeyonditpoetryofmany

kindsgavehimgreatpleasure.

Formerly,too,pictureshadgivenhimconsiderable,

andmusicverygreat,delight.

In1881,however,hesaid:“NowformanyyearsI

cannotenduretoreadalineofpoetry.

Ihavealsoalmostlostmytasteforpicturesor

music.”(50)Darwinwasconvincedthatthelossofthe

tasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness,butmight

possiblybeinjurioustotheintellect,andmoreprobably

tothemoralcharacter.

SectionIIIWritingPartA51.

Directions:YouhavejustebackfromCanadaand

foundamusicCDinyourluggagethatyouforgotto

returntoBob,yourlandlordthere.

Writehimaletterto1)makeanapology,and2)

suggestasolution.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.

U“LiMing”instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.

(10points)PartB52.

第30页共33页

Directions:Writeanessayof160-20__

wordsbadonthefollowingdrawing.

Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawing

briefly,2)e_plainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)

giveyourments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

(20points)2021年考研英语真题答案SectionI:U

ofEnglish(10points)1.

B2.

D3.

A4.

C5.

C6.

A7.

B8.

D9.

B10.

C11.

B12.

D13.

A14.

C15.

第31页共33页

D16.

D17.

C18.

A19.

B20.

ASectionII:Readingprehension(60points)PartA

(40points)21.

A22.

D23.

C24.

B25.

D26.

D27.

C28.

A29.

A30.

B31.

A32.

C33.

B34.

D35.

C36.

第32页共33页

D37.

B38.

C39.

A40.

BPartB(10points)41.

D42.

G43.

A44.

C45.

EPartC(10points)46.

他认为或许正因为（语言表达上的）这种困难，他不得不对

自己要说的每句话都经过长时间的认真思考，从而能发现自己在

推理和观察中的错误，结果这反而成为他的优点。

47.

他还坚持认为自己进行长时间纯抽象思维的能力十分有限，

由此他也认定自己在数学方面根本不可能有大的作为。

48.

另一方面，某些人批评他虽然善于观察，却不具备推理能

力，而他认为这种说法也是缺乏根据的。

49.

他又自谦的说，或许自己“在注意到容易被忽略的事物，并

对其加以仔细观察方面优于常人”。

第33页共33页

50.

达尔文确信，没有了这些爱好不只是少了乐趣，而且可能会

有损于一个人的思维能力，更有可能导致一个人道德品质的下

降。

SectionIII:Writing(30points)PartA(10points)

51.

参考范文（略）PartB(20points)52.

参考范文（略）