2022年11月25日发(作者：bilingual)主诉[Chief Complaint]
1、主诉的表示方法：症状+时间（Symptom+Time）
?症状+for+时间
如： [Chest pain for 2 hours] 胸痛2小时
?症状+of+时间
如： [Naua and vomiting of three days` duration] 恶心呕吐3天
?症状+时间+in duration
如： [Headache 1 month in duration] 头痛1月
?时间+of+症状
如： [Two-day history of fever] 发热2天
2、常见症状
? [Fever] 发热
? [Pain] 疼痛
? [Edema] 水肿
? [Mucocutaneous hemorrhage (bleeding)] 皮肤粘膜出血
? [Dyspnea (Difficuly in breathing;Respiratory difficulty;short of breath)] 呼吸困难
? [Cough and expectoration (Sputum;Phlegm)] 咳嗽和咯痰
? [Hemoptysis] 咯血
? [Cyanosis] 紫绀
? [Palpitation] 心悸
? [Chest discomfort] 胸闷
? [Naua (Retch;Dry Vomiting)and Vomiting] 恶心和呕吐
? [Hematemesis (Vomiting of blood)] 呕血
? [Hematochezia (Hemafecia)] 便血
? [Diarrhea] 腹泻
? [Constipation (Obstipation)] 便秘
? [Vertigo (Giddiness; Dizziness)] 眩晕
? [Jaundice (Icterus)] 黄疸
? [Convulsion] 惊厥
? [Disturbance of consciousness] 意识障碍
? [Hematuria] 血尿
? [Frequent micturition,urgent micturition and dysuria] 尿频，尿急和尿痛
? [Incontinence of urine] 尿失禁
? [Retention of urine] 尿潴留
（1）发热的表示方法
? [Fever of undetermined(unknown) origin, FUO] 不明原因发热
? [Rigor (shivering;chill;shaking chill;ague)] 寒战
? [Chilly Sensation (Fell chilly;cold fits;coldness)] 畏寒
? [Ultra-hyperpyrexia] 超高热
? [Hyperthermia (A high fever;hyperpyrexia;ardent fever)] 高热
? [Moderate fever] 中度发热
? [Hypothermia (Low-grade fever;slight fever;subfebrile temperature)] 低热
? [Become feverish (Have a temperature)] 发热
（2）疼痛的表示方法
? [Backache (Back pain)] 背痛
? [Lumbago] 腰痛
? [Headache] 头痛
? [Chest pain] 胸痛
? [Abdominal pain (Stomachache)] 腹痛
? [Acrodynia (pain in limbs)] 肢体痛
? [Arthrodynia (Arthralgia)] 关节痛
? [Dull pain] 钝痛
? [Sharp pain] 锐痛
? [Twinge pain] 刺痛
? [Aching pain] 酸痛
? [Hunger pain] 饥饿痛
? [Colic] 绞痛
? [Labor pain] 阵痛
? [Persistent pain (Unremitting pain)] 持续性痛
? [Constant pain] 经常性痛
? [Intermittent pain] 间歇性痛
（3）水肿的表示方法
? [Hydrops] 积水
? [Cardiac (Cardiogenic) edema] 心源性水肿
? [Nephrotic (renal) edema] 肾源性水肿
? [Hepatic edema] 肝源性水肿
? [Bronchoedema] 支气管水肿
? [Slight (Mild)] 轻度
? [Moderate] 中度
? [Serious] 重度
? [Transudate] 漏出液
? [Exudate] 渗出液
? [Pulmonary edema (Hydropneumonia0] 肺水肿
? [Hydrocephalus] 脑积水
（4）呼吸困难
的表示方法
? [Asthma] 哮喘
? [Cardiac asthma] 心源性哮喘
? [Bronchial asthma] 支气管性哮喘
? [Periodic breathing] 周期性呼吸
? [Hyperpnea] 呼吸深快
（6）咳嗽与咯痰的表示方法
? [Dry cough (Nonproductive cough;hacking cough)] 干咳
? [Wet cough (Moist cough)] 湿咳
? [Short cough] 短咳
? [Distresd cough] 难咳
? [Shallow cough] 浅咳
? [Droplet] 飞沫
? [Bloody sputum] 血痰
? [Thick sputum] 浓痰
? [Thin sputum] 淡痰
? [Viscous sputum] 粘痰
? [Transparent sputum] 透明痰
? [Much (Large amounts of) sputum] 大量痰
? [Moderate amounts of sputum] 中等量痰
? [Not much (Small amounts of ) sputum] 少量痰
（7）内脏出血的表示方法
? [Hematuria] 血尿
? [Hematochezia] 便血
? [Bloody stool] 血便
? [Black stool (Melena)] 黑便
? [Bleeding Continuously] 持续出血
? [Hematoma] 血肿
（9）恶心与呕吐的表示方法
? [Vomiturition (Retching)] 干呕
? [Hiccup] 呃逆
（10）腹泻与便秘的表示方法
? [Bloody stool] 血梗
? [Watery (Liquid)diarrhea] 水泻
? [Moning diarrhea] 晨泻
? [Fecal incontinence (Copracrasia)] 大便失禁
（12）意识障碍的表示方法
? [Somnolence] 嗜睡
? [Confusion] 意识模糊
? [Stupor] 昏睡
? [Coma] 昏迷
? [Delirium] 谵妄
? [Syncope (swoon; faint)] 晕厥
? [Drowsiness] 倦睡
（13）排尿的表示方法
? [Anuria] 无尿
? [Nocturia] 夜尿
? [Oliguria] 少尿
? [Polyuria] 多尿
3．少见症状
? [Weekness( Debility; asthenia; debilitating)] 虚弱（无力）
? [Fatigue (Tire; lassitude)] 疲乏
? [Discomfort (Indisposition; malai)] 不适
? [Wasting (thin; underweight; emaciation; lean)] 消瘦
? [Night sweating] 盗汗
? [Sweat (Perspiration)] 出汗
? [Cold sweat] 冷汗
? [Pruritus (Iching)] 搔痒
? [Asthma] 气喘
? [Anorexia (Sitophobia)] 厌食
? [Polydipsia (Excessive thirst)] 多饮（烦渴）
? [Polyphagia (Excessive appetite; hyperorexia; bulimia)] 多食
? [Cold (Heat) intolerance] 怕冷（热）
? [Dwarfism (Excessive height)] 身材矮小（高大）
? [Excessive sweating] 多汗
? [Hands tremble] 手抖
? [Obesity (Fatty)] 肥胖
? [Agitation (Anxiety;nervous irritability)] 焦虑（忧虑）
? [Mania] 躁狂
? [Hallucination] 幻觉
? [Aphasia (Logopathy)] 失语
? [Amnesia (Poor memorization;memory deterioration)] 记忆力下降
? [Lo the sight (Lo of vision)] 失明
? [Diminution of vision] 视力减退
? [Sneezing] 打喷嚏
