2014英语二答案

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2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语<二>试题

SectionIUofEnglish

Directions:

thebestwordforeachnumberedblankandmark

A,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.<10points>

Thinnerisn’rofstudieshave__1___thatnormal-weight

peopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediascomparedtothowhoare

rearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually

___2___.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiency

thanthinwomen.___3___amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan

___4___ofgoodhealth.

Ofevengreater___5___isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.

Itisoftendefined___6___bodymassindex,___7__bodymass

twithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsidered

r30isconsidered

y,___8___,canbedividedintomoderatelyobe,verelyobe,and

veryverelyobe.

Whilesuchnumericalstandardsem9,yisprobablylessa

oplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,

mple,manycollegiateand

professionalfootballplayers12asobe,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.

Converly,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.

Todaywehavea_14_rweightare

sometimes_15_types_16_withobesity

includelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsfor

rs,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharbor

biasagainsttheobe._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownonthe

overweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.

1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured

2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome

3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewi[D]Therefore

4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example

5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern

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6.[A]intermsof[B]incaof[C]infavorof[D]inof

7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies

8.[A]inesnce[B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]inpart

9.[A]complicated[B]conrvative[C]variable[D]straightforward

10.[A]so[B]unlike[C]since[D]unless

11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste

12.[A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D]stay

13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant

14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency

15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored

16.[A][B]combined[C]ttled[D]associated

17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D]Only

18.[A]despid[B]corrected[C]ignored[D]grounded

19.[A]discussions[B]business[C]policies[D]studies

20.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]without

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

thequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,

uranswersonANSWERSHEET.<40points>

Text1

Whatwouldyoudowith590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an

84-year-oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-roofedhouinFlorida

opeshernew-found

fortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworthanreadHappy

MoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton.

3/17

Thetwoacademicsuanarrayofbehavioralrearchtoshowthatthemost

iesofgreatwealth

isfactionwiththe

materialpurchaswearsofffairlyquicklywhatwasonceexcitingandnewbecomes

old-hat;rbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMsDumn

andMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,

purchasoftenbecomemorevaluablewithtime-asstoriesormemories-particularly

iftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.

Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinners

getthemost"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroff

iftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsand

familyandlessofitwatchingtelevision

whoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit>.Buyinggiftsorgiving

tocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforonelf,andluxuries

apparentlythereason

MacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib-amarketingtrickthathas

turnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobssion.

Readersof"HappyMoney"areclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,not

aynotquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesare

linkbetweenfeelinggoodand

spendingmoneyonotherscanbeenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,

ryonewill

agreewiththeauthors’policyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytime

tpeoplewillcome

awayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent.

ingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewarding

purcha?

[A]Abighou

[B]Aspecialtour

[C]Astylishcar

[D]Arichmeal

hor’sattitudetowardAmericans’watchingTVis

[A]critical

[B]supportive

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[C]sympathetic

[D]ambiguous

ismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat

[A]consumersaresometimesirrational

[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality

[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective

[D]raritygenerallyincreaspleasure

ingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney

[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders’criticism

[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurcha

[C]haspredictedawiderincomegapintheus

[D]maygiveitsreadersanofachievement

xtmainlydiscusshowto

[A]balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney

[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries

[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent

[D]becomemorereasonableinspendingonluxuries

Text2

AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalrearchsaysthat,

actually,youthinkyou’adeep-atedneedto

feelgoodaboutourlvesandwenaturallyemployanumberoflf-enhancing

strategiestorearchintowhatthecallthe"aboveaverageeffect",or"illusory

superiority",andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourlvesasaboveaverage

inleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviously

statisticalimpossibilities.

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W

becomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboost

ourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe’rehotstuff.

PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyinginto

thathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeauty

compresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotograghofthemlves’

fromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandless

recognition,readsthestudy,is"anautomaticpsychologicalprocess

occurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation".If

thesubjectsquicklychoafallyflatteringimage-whichmustdid-theygenuinely

oundnosignificantgenderdifference

thereanyevidencethat,thowholf-enhancethemust

is,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal>were

thowhothoughtthatthe

imageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththo

whoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherlf-esteem."Idon’tthinkthefindings

thatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion",saysEpley."It’sa

reflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemlves’.Ifyouare

depresd,youwon’gtheresultsofEpley‘sstudy,it

makesnthatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemlvesViscerally-ononelevel,

theydon’tevenrecognithepersoninthepictureasthemlves,

Facebooktherefore,isalf-enhancer’sparadi,wherepeoplecanshareonlythe

mostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyleit’s

notthatpeople’sprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWiscon—Madison

university,"buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemlves.

ingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefoundthat______.

[A]ourlf-ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

[B]illusorysuperiorityisbalesffect

[C]ourneedforleadershipisunnatural

[D]lf-enhancingstrategiesareineffective

recognitionisbelievedtobepeople’s______

[A]rapidwatching

[B]consciouschoice

[C]intuitiverespon

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[D]automaticlf-defence

oundthatpeoplewithhigherlf-esteemtendedto______

[A]underestimatetheirincurities

[B]believeintheirattractiveness

[C]coveruptheirdepressions

[D]oversimplifytheirillusions

d"Viscerally"isclostinmeaningto_____.

[A]instinctively

[B]occasionally

[C]particularly

[D]aggressively

einferredthatFacebookislf-enhancer’sparadibecaupeoplecan

_____.

[A]prenttheirdishonestprofiles

[B]definetheirtraditionallifestyles

[C]sharetheirintellectualpursuits

[D]withholdtheirunflatteringsides

Text4

Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocus

isusuallyonroads,railways,gisldommentioned.

Whyisthat?not

beengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontributetoeconomic

rdtoshovefor

attentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureproject,soitisinevitablethatthe

hapsthemostsignificantreasonisthatthe

issuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.

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Nevertheless,glistsincreaall

thetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes.

Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityforthegovernmenttohelp

stoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepsto

addressoururgenthousingneed.

munities

minister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,

mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocalauthorities

ceshowsthat60,000extranew

homescouldbebuiltoverthenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDP

by0.6%.

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,

whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofund

newdevelopmentsfromrevenues.

hemeasureswouldbewelcomein

theshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting£4.5bnprogrammeof

grantstofundnewaffordablehousing,ttoexpirein2015,isunlikelytobeextended

ourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthatitwillretainalargepart

ofthecoalition’singctorneedsto

accept

needtoadjusttothischangingclimate.

horbelievesthatthehousingctor__

[A]hasattractedmuchattention

[B]involvescertainpoliticalfactors

[C]shoulderstoomuchresponsibility

[D]haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

elearnedthataffordablehousinghas__

[A]increaditshomesupply

[B]offeredspendingopportunities

[C]sufferedgovernmentbias

[D]disappointedthegovernment

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ingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay_______.

[A]allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

[B]stoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildinghomes

[C]preparetoreducehousingstockdebt

[D]releaaliftedGDPgrowthforecast

einferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould_______.

[A]lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders

[B]lesntheimpactofgovernmentinterference

[C]contributetofundingnewdevelopments

[D]relievetheministersofresponsibilities

horbelievesthatafter2015,thegovernmentmay______.

[A]implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing

[B]reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants

[C]renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme

[D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingctor

SectionIIITranslation

Directions:

ourtranslationon

ANSWERSHEET2.<15points>

Mostpeoplewoulddefineoptimismandlesslyhappy,withaglassthat’s

t’xactlythekindoffaldeerfulnessthatpositive

psychologistswouldn’trecommend."Healthyoptimistsmeansbeingintouchwith

reality."saysTalBen-Shahar,aHarvardprofessor,AccordingtoBen-Shalar,realistic

optimistsarethewhomakethebestofthingsthathappen,butnotthowhobelieve

everythinghappensforthebest.

feelsdown-sag,aftergivinga

ndshimlfthatmot

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everylecturecanbeaNobelwinner;

reconstruction,Heanalyzestheweaklecture,leaninglessons,forthefutureabout

whatworksandwhatdoesn’y,thereisperspective,whichinvolves

acknowledgingthatinthegroundschemeoflife,onelecturereallydoesn’tmatter.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

ions:Suppoyouaregoingtostudyabroadandshareanapartmentwith

John,imtoemailto

1>tellhimaboutyourlivinghabits,and

2>askforadviceaboutlivingthere.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonanswersheet.

Donotuyourownname.

PartB

ions:

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET.<15points>

Youshould

retthechart,and

urcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.<15points>

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语<二>试题解析

注:此答案为万学海文公布答案整理

SectionIUofEnglish

1、[答案]Bconcluded

[解析]题干中,一系列的研究已经_____,事实上,正常体重的人的患病风险要

高于超重的人.根据句义,后面的部分实际上是研究的结论,因此concluded符合题

意,其他选项denied<否认>与意义相反,doubled<翻倍>与题意较远,ensured<确保>

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不符合题意,因为研究不能确保后面的事实,只能得出后面的事实作为结论.所以

正确答案为B.

2、[答案]Aprotective

[解析]题干中,对于某些健康情况,超重事实上是有_____.根据前文研究的结

论,超重能减少罹患疾病的风险,说明超重具有一定的保护作用.Dangerous和文章

意思相反,sufficient表示充足,troublesome表示有麻烦,不符合题意,所以正确答案

为A.

3、[答案]Clikewi

[解析]第三句话中,较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人._____,在老年

人中,一定程度上超重…….需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语.A选项instead

表示逆接的句意关系,B选项however也表示逆接,D选项therefore表示因此,只有

C选项likewi意为同样地；也,而且.因此正确答案为C.

4、[答案]Aindicator

[解析]本句话中,_____,一定程度上超重,经常是健康的_____.A选项,表示指

示器,指标.B选项objective表示客观；C选项origin表示来源,D选项example表

示例子.根据前面的文章内容,已经明确指出超重代表了健康,因此超重是健康的

指标.因此正确答案为A.

5、[答案]Dconcern

[解析]本句话的句意是,需要更加_____是,很难对肥胖加以定义.A、impact<

印象>；B、relevance<相关性>；C、assistance<辅助>；D、concern<关注>.前文

已经说到肥胖事实上有利健康,但是又面临一个问题,到底如何去定义肥胖,因此

需要更加关注的是对肥的定义,其他选项均不符合题意,所以正确答案为D.

6、[答案]Aintermsof

[解析]题干中,肥胖经常______体质指数,或称为BMI来定义.A、intermsof,

根据……,就……而言.B、Incaof表示在某种情况下,C、infavorof表示赞成,

以……来取代,D、inrespectof,关于…….因此正确答案为A.在医学研究和临床测

试中经常使用BMI作为衡量受试者健康的重要指标,希望考生能够记住这一背景

知识,方便日后做题.

7、[答案]Cequals

[解析]本题题干中BMI_____体重除以身高的平方,这里是用文字叙述了BMI

指数得出的方法,也就是一个数学公式,所以equal符合题意.Ameasure<测量>、B

determine表示确定；Dmodify<修订>.句义就是BMI等于体重除以身高的平方.

8、[答案]Cinturn

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[解析]本题题干中,肥胖_____能够分成中度肥胖、重度肥胖和极度肥胖.A、

inesnce<事实上、实际上>；B、incontrast<相反地>；C、inturn<依次>；D、

inpart<部分地>.本句是将肥胖依次分级,所以正确答案为C.

9、[答案]Dstraightforward

[解析]题干中,相比之下,这样的数字标准看起来_____,实际上不是的.A、

complicated<复杂>；B、conrvative<保守>、C、variable<可变的>；D、

straightforward<直截了当>；这里的数字标准指的就是肥胖指数,肥胖指数分为三

类,而且算法比较简单,所以A复杂不正确,B选项保守,用于描述一种数学公式,不

恰当,一名患者或一名受试者的BMI一般是确定的,因此可变的也不符合题意,D

选项straightforward表示直截了当,符合题意,因此正确答案为D.

10、[答案]Bwhile

[解析]本句中,一些人有很高的BMI,实际上身材正好,_____其他人有较低的

BMI指数,可能_____.从前半句我们可以看出,有些人的BMI指数很高,应该属于

体重肥胖的人,事实上身材正好,这里说明的是反常的现象,后半句是其他人的

BMI指数较低,而_____较差.A、so<所以>；B、while<而>；C、since<因为>；D、

unless<除非>四个选项中只有while有转折的含义,其他选项均不符合题意,所以正

确答案为B.

11、[答案]Ashape

[解析]本题可以简化为：Some…arefit,whileothers…maybeinpoor.

不难看出,前后意义相反,且fit<体型健康>与inpoor对应,与之最相关是A

shape<外形>,故为正确答案."精神"、"均衡"、"品味"都相差比较远,可以排除.

12、[答案]Bqualify

[解析]本题顺应前文意义：有一些人体型很好,有些人体型体型肥胖.接下来

举例说有些专业足球运动员是肥胖的,"开始"不符；"处在"也不符合句意；"退休"

内容无关；"被认为"符合句意,正确.

13、[答案]Cnormal

[解析]本句不难理解：有些人脂肪过高,但是BMI却.所需词汇明显是正向的,

排除A、B；D属中性,且不符合句意,C<正常的>契合,为正确答案.

14、[答案]Dtendency

[解析]本题解题关键是后半句：tostigmatizeobesity<抵毁肥胖>,作为划线部

分的后置定语,将四个选项"选择""理由""机会""倾向"代入划线处,最符合句意的

是D<倾向>.后面一句也进一步证实了<出现在媒体中的肥胖者脸都是打了马赛

马的>.

12/17

15、[答案]Cpictured

[解析]空格所在句提到了媒体,根据语境,上句讲到当今我们都污蔑肥胖,所以

本句的意思应该是媒体污蔑肥胖,四个选项中,跟媒体相关系的词汇只有Cpicture

意思为刻画,描写,描述.

16、[答案]Dassociated

[解析]空格所在句的意思是与肥胖_____的原型包括懒惰,缺乏意志力,对成

功的期望值不高.空格后面提到的懒惰,缺乏意志力和对成功的期望值不高都是与

肥胖相关的表现,分析四个选项,A.与...相比；B与...相结合；C.和...和解；都不

符合题意,只有D与...相联系,相关符合句意.

17、[答案]Aeven

[解析]空格所在句的意思是_____小孩子蔑视超重,而且对身材的嘲笑一直是

学校的一个问题.本空格缺少一个副词,根据语境记忆常识,此处应该填入表示让

步关系的词汇,分析四个选项,只有Aeven即使符合题意.

18、[答案]Dgrounded

[解析]根据语境,空前讲到对肥胖的负面态度,空后讲到对健康的关注,

激发一批反肥胖的____.本句没有出现任何转折词,说明空前后所表达的意思

是一致的,反对肥胖,是基于对健康的关注,分析四个选项,能够表达此意思的词汇,

只有选项Dgrounded,意思是基于.

19、[答案]Dpolicies

[解析]解答此题需要联系空格后面紧跟着的句子.空后的句子出现了一系列

表示同一个语义场的词汇,比如hospitalsystem;ban;manyemployersinstitute,指

向的意思是一个系统中所出台的政策的问题,浏览四个选项,D选项policies符合

题意,直接入选.

20、[答案]Bagainst

[解析]本段的主题是反对肥胖,本句话属于细节的句子,用来支持这个主题,空

格所在句讲到米歇尔奥巴马已经发起了一个高知名度的_____儿童肥胖,甚至告

诉奥兹博士,它代表了我们国家最大的安全威胁.空格中缺少词汇应该含有反对,

反抗的意思,纵观四个选项,只有Bagainst符合题意.

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Text1

13/17

21、[答案]BAspecialtour

[解析]细节题.答案定位在第二段的"itisfarbettertospendmoneyon

experiences…likeinterestingtrips…",意思是"花钱消费在经历方面更好……,比如

说有趣的旅行……",由此可以得知答案是B选项"一场特别的旅行".

22、[答案]Acritical

[解析]观点态度题.答案定位在第三段的"somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsa

whoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit",意思是"普通美国人

一年花两个月的时间看电视,并且看电视几乎不可能更愉快",因此可以得知作者

对于看电视的态度是A选项"批判的".

23、[答案]Draritygenerallyincreaspleasure

[解析]观点例证题.答案定位在第三段,文章中提到McRib这个例子,用这个

例子证明的论点是"luxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly",

大意是"有节制地消费奢侈品最令人愉悦",D选项正是这句论点句的同义替换.

24、[答案]Bmayprovetobeaworthwhilepurcha

[解析]细节题.答案定位在最后一段的最后一句"mostpeoplewillcomeawayfrom

thisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent",大意是"大多数人看完这本书后,认为

物有所值",因此可以推知B选项是正确答案.

25、[答案]Abalancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney

[解析]主旨题.纵观全文可知,全文主要谈论花钱消费和心情愉悦之间的关系,因此

答案定位在A选项.

Text2

26、[答案]Aourlf-ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

[解析]题目问"根据第一段,社会心理学家发现了什么？"对应于文章第一段第三

句"社会心理学家对所谓的‘高于均数效应’或者‘虚幻的优越感’进行大量的研究,

发现我们中70%的人认为自己的领导力在平均水平之上……—这些数据明显都

是不可能的."由此可知,我们对自己评价过高.故答案为[A]ourlf-

ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh.

27、[答案]Cintuitiverespon[解析]题目问"视觉识别被认为是人们的什么？"

对应于文章第三段第三句"视觉识别是自动的心理过程,这个过程依靠直觉快速

发生,且并不是故意的."由此可知,视觉识别被认为是人们的直觉反应.故答案为

[C]intuitiverespon.

28、[答案]Bbelieveintheirattractiveness

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[解析]题目问"Epley发现有更高自尊的人倾向于怎样".对应到第四段,第二句讲到

"没有证据显示那些自我提升最多的人这样做是为了掩饰自己的不安全,接着讲

到：事实上,那些认为自己的形象高于吸引力标准的人就是那些表现出更高自尊

的人,故答案为[B]believeintheirattractiveness.

29、[答案][A]instinctively

[解析]题目问"最接近viscerally的意思的是？".对应到第五段,viscerally所在句讲

到"许多人讨厌照片中的自己,从某种层面上说,他们甚至不承认照片中的人是他

们自己."而下文又讲到facebook是自我拔高者的天堂,在那里人们可以分享最满

意的的照片."由此可知,viscerally在本句中是"本质上地"意思,故答案为[A]

instinctively.

30、[答案][D]withholdtheirunflatteringsides

[解析]题干问"我们可以推理出脸书之所以是一个自我拔高者的天堂,

是因为人们可以做什么？"对应于文章最后一段的第二句,该句讲到"在脸书

中,人们可以分享最满意的照片."下文接着讲到"不是人们不诚实,而是

人们展示了自己最理想的形象."故答案为[D]withholdtheirunflatteringsides.

Text4

36、[答案][B]involvescertainpoliticalfactors

[解析]根据本题题干中的关键词housingctor可以对应到文章的第二段,中间说

的很多,我们注意到最后有but出现,最后应该是作者真正想要表达的观点,另外这

里用了themostsignificant最高级,所以最后这个是最重要的一个原因,politically

charged和选项B的politicalfactors有对应关系,故选Binvolvescertainpolitical

factors.

A项的吸引注意没有提与,C项的承担太多责任,原文说的shouldertheblame,D项

说的丧失价值,原文说的是不善于表明真正价值,两者不一致,故排除.

37、[答案][C]sufferedgovernmentbias

[解析]经济适用房曾受到政府的偏见.答案定位到文章第三段最后一句话Itneeds

toputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgent

housingneed.政府需要把历史的偏见放在一边并且采取一些策略解决我们迫切

的住房需求.Suffered是过去式,是对于原文history的同义反复,bias是对原文

prejudices的同义反复.

38、[答案][A]allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

[解析]根据人名GeorgeOsborne定位得知,此人将会让当地政府用来偿还建房借

贷的限额变得更加宽松,并且在借贷限额放宽的情况下,将会另有60,000所房屋在

15/17

未来的五年中建立,并由此拉动国内生产总值的百分之零点六.因此A<允许更大

的政府的建房借贷>是正确的,而B<禁止当地政府建房>,C<准备减少建房借

贷>,D<发布国内生产总值增长的预报>都与原文意思不符.

39、[答案][C]contributetofundingnewdevelopments

[解析]推断题.根据文章题干定位到第五段,题干考察的是对稳定的租赁环境的理

解.A项的意思是"减少注册供应者的成本",其中"成本一词"并未在文中出现,属于

无中生有.B项的意思是"减少政府接介入的影响",其中"政府介入"并未在文中出

现,属于无中生有.B项的意思是"有助于为新发展提供资金支持",其中"为新发展

提供资金支持"对应文中的"fundnewdevelopments"；C选项中的"contributeto"<

意思是有助于>对英文中的haveasignificantimpact<意思是有重要影响>,符合正

解的同义复现原则,所以是正确选项.

40、[答案][D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingctor

[解析]推断题.根据题干定位到最后一段第三行.考察的是2015年以后政府的可能

性动作.A项的意思是"推行更多的政策来支持住房"与原文意义相反.B项的意思

是重新审视大规模公共拨款的需求,与原文倒数第二段意义相违背.C项的意思是

更新可负担的住房拨款项目并没有提到renew一词.D项的意思是停止对住房部

门的大额资助,与原文的倒数第二句相匹配,故为正确选项.

SectionIIITranslation

46、

[参考译文]

大多数人认为乐观是无尽的欢乐,如同总是有半杯水的杯子.但那是一种绝不

会为积极心理学家所称道的虚假的快乐.哈佛大学的TalBen-Shahar教授说,"健康

的乐观主义意味着要活在现实之中."在Ben-Shahar看来,现实的乐观主义者会因

势利导,而非求全责备.

Ben-Shahar会使用三种乐观的方法.比如说,当他因搞砸了一场演讲而倍感郁闷

的时候,他会告诉自己这是很正常的事,提醒自己：并不是每一次演讲都可以获得

诺贝尔奖,总会有一些人的演讲效果不与其他人.接着为改进.他分析了一些效果

不好的演讲并且从那些起效和无效的演讲中吸取教训为将来做准备.最后是看待

问题的角度,即在生活的宏伟计划中,一次演讲真的无足轻重.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

ions:

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SuppoyouaregoingtostudyabroadandshareanapartmentwithJohn,a

localstudent,writehimanemailto

1>tellhimaboutyourlivinghabits,and

2>askforadviceaboutlivingthere

DearJohn,

IamLiMing,yourfutureroommateandanewarrivalfromChinawhoiscoming

tingthislettertoletyouknowaboutmeand

askforsomesuggestionsformyfuturelifeinAmerica.

First,Iamaquietpersonsothatyourkeepingsilentwouldbehighlyappreciated.

Second,IlikecookingandIwonderwhetheritisokaytoyouthatIcookChinedish

athome,,

ou

pleagivemealessonabouttrafficlawsinUS.

Wishyoureplysoon.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing

PartB

ions:

Directions:

essay,youshould

1>interpretthechart,and

2>giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.<15points>

Asthebargraphindicates,bothcityandruralareawitnesdadistinguished

,populationincityincreadata

breakneckspeedandsurpasdthatofruralareaduringtheperiodfrom1990to2010

whilepopulationinruralregionslightlydecreaddowntoascalewhichwascloto

thatofcity.

Whataccountsforthisdisparity?st

contrib

candenythatsinceChineeconomicreformfrom1980swhichmostlybenefits

ondreasonisthatChinefarmernjoytheharvestfromnew

inruralareasareallowedto

migrateforworkandresidencebythelawandanincreasingnumberoffarmers

17/17

chootoworkincityandbecomemigrantworkersjustbecautheywouldmake

aretheresultofurbanization.

Badontheanalysabove,wecansafelydrawtheconclusionthattheprocessof

urbanizationwillcontinueintheyearsahead,andeverysingleChinebenefitsfrom

thefastdevelopmentofChina.