英语动词过去式的变化
规则
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英语动词过去式的变化规则
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:
work---workedplay---playedwanted----wantedact----acted
2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:
live---livedmove----movedtaste---tastedhope---hoped
3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如:
study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---criedcarry---carried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,
如:
stop---stopped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go–wentmake–madeget–gotbuy-boughtcome-camefly-flew
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,
swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw/ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,
show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
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5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
ll—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕,say〔i〕—said〔d〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant
〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let
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规则动词的过去式词尾变化有几种:1.一般情况下加ed,如watched,planted,
watered,pulled,climbed,picked。2.以不发音字母e结尾的加d,如liked,
moved,tasted。3.以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed,如study——
studied。4.以1个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一
个辅音字母再加ed,如stop——stopped。词尾读音有3种:a.在浊辅音和元
音后读[d],如lived,watered,listened,played。b.在清辅音后读[t],如liked,
helped,watched。c.在[t],[d]音后读[Id],如planted,wanted,handed(上交)。
不规则动词的过去式变化则没有什么规律,请大家背熟记牢:sit——satthrow
——threwam,is——wasdrink——drankdraw——dreware——weresing——
sangfly——flewdo——didbegin——begangrow——grewhave,has——had
swim——swamput——putmay——mightgive——gavecut——cutcan——
couldring——ranglet——letshall——shouldrun——ranread——readwill—
—wouldride——rodecatch——caughtgo——wentwrite——wroteteach——
taughteat——atedrive——drovethink——thoughthear——heardkeep——
keptbuy——boughte——sawsleep——sleptfight——foughtfind——found
sweep——swepthold——heldwear——worefeel——felttell——toldmeet—
—metcome——cameget——gotmean——meantbecome——becamemake
——madespeak——spoketake——tooksay——said1)is,am-wasare-were2)
begin-beganring-rangdrink-drankswim-swamgive-gavesing-sangsit-satrun-ran
have-hadmake-madecome-cameeat-ate3)write-wroteride-rodespeak-spoke
drive-drovestand-stoodtell-toldwin-wonget-gottake-took4)sleep-sleptsweep-
sweptfeel-feltkeep-keptspell-speltspend-spentbend-bentmeet-metgo-went5)
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know-knewfly-flewblow-blewgrow-grewthrow-threwdraw-drew(glow-glowed)6)
teach-taughtcatch-caughtbuy-boughtfight-foughtthink-thought7)find-found
hear-heardsay-saidlie-laye-sawlearn-learntmean-meant8)put-putread-read
cut-cutlet-let
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动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:
work---workedplay---playedwanted----wantedact----acted
2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:
live---livedmove----movedtaste---tastedhope---hoped
3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如:
study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---criedcarry---carried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,
如:
stop---stopped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go–wentmake–madeget–gotbuy-boughtcome-camefly-flew
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,
swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw/ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,
show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
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get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
ll—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕,say〔i〕—said〔d〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant
〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
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am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—
felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have/has—had,hold—held,leave
—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,e—saw,take—took
过去式“-ed”的发音规则
(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/id/音,
want→wanted(要)need→needed(需要)
(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/t/音。
help→helped(帮助)laugh→laughed(笑)look→looked(看)
kiss→kisd(吻)wash→washed(洗)watch→watched(注视)
(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/d/音。
call→called(叫)stay→stayed(停留)cry→cried(哭)
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