FIELDOFTHEINVENTIONTheprentinventionconcernssurgicalinstrumentationformoving
onicular,the
inventioncontemplatesrodreducerinstrumentsforuinplacingormovinganorthopedicrod
towardabonefixationelement.
BACKGROUNDOFTHEINVENTIONInthefieldoforthopedicsurgery,andparticularlyspinal
surgery,itiswellknowntocorrectaninjury,malformation,orotherdefectbyuofanimplanted
mple,rodsystemshavebeendevelopedfor
correctingthepositioningofandstabilizingthespine,andforfacilitatingfusionatvariouslevelsof
uchsystem,
rodispreferablybent,eitherpriortoorduringsurgery,tocorrespondtothenormalcurvatureofthe
spineintheparticularregionbeinginstrumented,ortosuchothercurvatureasthesurgeonmay
mple,therodcanbebenttoformanormalkyphotic
curvatureforthethoracicregionofthespine,ortoformanormallordoticcurvatureforthelumbar
ingagedtoanumberoffixationelementsfixedtoorengagedwiththevertebrae
alongthegmentofthespinalcolumn.
Avarietyoffix
instance,onesuchfixationelementisalaminarhook,configuredtoengagealaminaofthe
rprevalentfixationelementisaspinalscrewwhichcanbethreadedintoapedicle
.
5,005,562toCotrel,rnativetype
offixationelementisamulti-axialbonescrew,.5,797,911
and5,879,350toShermanetal.,eachofwhichisalsoincorporatedhereinbyreferenceinits
rtypesofbonescrews,hooks,bolts,orotherfixationelementsareknownintheart.
Inonetypicalspinalprocedure,anelongatedimplant()iscoupledtotwoormorefixation
elements(rews)
bonescrewsarefirstthreadedintoaportionofveralvertebralbodies,suchasthepediclesof
iscoupledtothebonescrewstoprovidecorrectiveandstabilizingforces
ngarodtoabonescrewgenerallyrequirestherodtobeincloadjacent
mple,withrespecttobonescrewsasdisclodinthe
Cotrel'562patentandtheSherman'911and'350patentsidentifiedabove,arodandanimplanted
screwmustbemovedwithrespecttoeachothersothattherodoccupiesspacewithinachannelor
isthencoupledtotheimplantedbonescrewusingatscrew,
cessofplacingarodwithinoradjacenttoanimplanted
fixationelementsothattheycanbecoupledtogetheristermed“reducing”therod.
Rodreductioniscommonlyperformedbyasurgeonusinghisorherhandsand/orrigidtoolsas
pliers,leversorotherinstrumentationadaptabletocreatethenecessarypushingand/orpulling
oceduresgenerallyrequirethesurgeontoplacethe
roddirectlyovertheimplantedfixationelement,interctingalongitudinalaxisofthefixation
uently,accesstotherodandtheimplantedfixationelementalongthataxis,i.e.
directlyabovetheopeninginthefixationelementintowhichtherodistobeplaced,isnecessaryor
r,suchaccesscanbedifficultdependingonsuchfactorsasthe
malformationtobecorrectedandtheoverallphysiologyofthepatient,andcanbeverydifficultin
proceduresinwhichsurgicalinvasivenessistobeminimized,asaresultofthesmallportsor
onally,withuofmono-axialscrews,thephysiologyofthe
patientcanrequirethatthescrewbeplacedatananglesuchthatthesurgeonwouldhavedifficulty
accessingandexertingforceinthenecessaryorientationontherodand/
multi-axialfixationdevices,theorientationofanuncuredrod-receivingpartofthefixationelement
canbeevenmorevariedwithrespecttotherodand/uently,thesurgeonis
stillfrequentlyfacedwiththetaskofreducingarodfromanawkwardangle.
Variousattemptsinthepriorarthavebeenmadeinprovidingrodreducinginstruments,suchas
.6,036,692toBureletal.;.5,910,141toMorrisonetal.;and
.5,720,751toJackson;eachofwhichisincorporatedhereinbyreferenceinitntirety.
However,needsremainintheindustryforrodreducinginstrumentsthatcanbeudefficiently,
safelyandcurelyinrodreductionproceduresandforrodreductioninstrumentsthatcanbeud
inbothminimallyinvasiveandopensurgicalapproachestothesiteofrodattachment.
SUMMARYOFTHEINVENTIONTheprentinventionprovidesinstrumentationforrodreduction
trumentliminatethe
needfordirectapplicationofmanualforcetoarodtopositionitinadesiredlocationrelativetoa
trumentscanalsofacilitateattachmentoftherodtothefastener,andhave
applicationinbothopensurgicalproceduresandminimallyinvasivesurgicalprocedures.
Aspects,objects,advantages,features,embodiments,andbenefitsoftheprentinventionwillbe
evidentuponconsiderationofthefollowingwrittendescriptionandtheaccompanyingfigures,which
illustrateembodimentsoftheinvention.
BRIEFDESCRIPTIONOFTHEDRAWINGSFIG.1isafrontelevationalviewofarodreducer
instrumentinaccordancewithoneembodimentoftheprentinventionshowninaretracted
position.
FIG.1aisanelevationalviewofanextensionmemberuablewiththerodreducerinstrumentsof
theprentinvention.
FIG.2isafrontelevationalviewoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.1showninareducing
position.
FIG.3isasideelevationalviewoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.2.
FIG.4isafrontelevationalviewofarodreducerinstrumentinaccordancewithanalternate
embodimentoftheprentinventionshowninaretractedposition.
FIG.5isasideelevationalviewoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.4withaportionofitsactuator
asmblypivotedtransverly.
FIG.6isaperspectiveviewofafastenerengagingmembercomprisingaportionoftherodreducer
instrumentofFIGS.1and4.
FIG.7isasideelevationalviewofthefastenerengagingmemberofFIG.6.
FIG.8isasideelevationalviewofthefastenerengagingmemberofFIG.6rotatedninetydegrees
aboutitslongitudinalaxisfromitsFIG.7orientation.
FIG.9isadistalendelevationalviewofthefastenerengagingmemberofFIG.6.
FIG.10isaperspectiveviewofareducingmembercomprisingaportionoftherodreducer
instrumentofFIGS.1and4.
FIG.11isasideelevationalviewofthereducingmemberofFIG.10.
FIG.12isanelevationalviewofalinkcomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIGS.1
and4.
FIG.13isaperspectiveviewofafirstofftpivotarmcomprisingaportionoftherodreducer
instrumentofFIGS.1and4.
FIG.14isanelevationalviewofthefirstofftpivotarmofFIG.13.
FIG.15isanelevationalviewofthefirstofftpivotarmofFIG.13rotatedninetydegreesfromits
FIG.13orientation.
FIG.16isaperspectiveviewofacondofftpivotarmcomprisingaportionoftherodreducer
instrumentofFIGS.1and4.
FIG.17isanelevationalviewofthecondofftpivotarmofFIG.16.
FIG.18isanelevationalviewofthecondofftpivotarmofFIG.16rotatedninetydegreesfrom
itsFIG.16orientation.
FIG.19isaperspectiveviewofafirstarmcomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.
1.
FIG.20isaperspectiveviewofacondarmcomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrumentof
FIG.1.
FIG.21isanelevationalviewoftheproximalendofthecondarmofFIG.20.
FIG.22isanenlargedelevationviewoftheproximalendofthecondarmrotatedninetydegrees
fromitsorientationinFIG.21.
FIG.23isaperspectiveviewofarelearcomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrumentof
FIGS.1and4.
FIG.24isasideelevationalviewofaratchetarmcomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrument
ofFIGS.1and4.
FIG.25isafrontelevationalviewofarodreducerinstrumentinaccordancewithafurther
embodimentoftheprentinventionshowninaretractedposition.
FIG.26isasideelevationalviewoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.25showninareducing
positionandextendingthroughanaccessport.
FIG.27istherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.25showninareducingposition.
FIG.28isanelevationalviewofafastenerengagingmembercomprisingaportionoftherod
reducerinstrumentofFIG.25.
FIG.29isacross-ctionalviewthroughline29—29ofFIG.28.
FIG.30isanenlargedviewofthedistalendofthefastenerengagingmemberofFIG.28.
FIG.31isacross-ctionalviewthroughline31—31ofFIG.28.
FIG.32isanelevationalviewofareducingmembercomprisingaportionoftherodreducer
instrumentofFIG.25.
FIG.33isanelevationalviewofthereducingmemberofFIG.32rotatedninetydegreesaboutits
longitudinalaxisfromitsorientationinFIG.32.
FIG.34isanelevationalviewlookingattheproximalendofthereducingmemberofFIG.32.
FIG.35isaplanviewofadrivingmembercomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.
25.
FIG.36isacross-ctionalviewtakenthroughline36—36ofFIG.35.
FIG.37isasideelevationalviewofthedrivingmemberofFIG.35.
FIG.38isanelevationalviewofahandlecomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.
25.
FIG.39isanelevationalviewofthehandleofFIG.38rotatedninetydegreesaboutitslongitudinal
axisfromitsorientationinFIG.38.
FIG.40isacross-ctionalviewthroughline40—40ofFIG.39.
FIG.41isacross-ctionalviewthroughline41—41ofFIG.38.
FIG.42isanelevationalviewofastopmembercomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrument
ofFIG.25.
FIG.43isanendelevationalviewofthestopmemberofFIG.42.
FIG.44isanelevationalviewofalinkcomprisingaportionoftherodreducerinstrumentofFIG.25.
DESCRIPTIONOFTHEILLUSTRATEDEMBODIMENTSForthepurposofpromotingan
understandingoftheprinciplesoftheinvention,referencewillnowbemadetotheembodiments
illustr
neverthelessbeunde
suchalterationsandfurthermodificationsintheillustrateddevice,andanysuchfurtherapplications
oftheprinciplesoftheinventionasillustratedtherein,arecontemplatedaswouldnormallyoccurto
oneskilledinthearttowhichtheinventionrelates.
ReferringtoFIGS.1-3,thereisshownafirstembodimentofarodreducerinstrument50according
aluinthepatient'sbodyrodreducerinstrument50isorientedso
thatitsactuatorasmbly51islocatedproximally,indicatedbytheletter“P”andaccessibleby
thesurgeon,andtheoppositeendofinstrument50isorienteddistally,indicatedbytheletter“D”,
.1-3,theoperativesiteisavertebral
erFhasayokeYthatallows
arodRtobepr
tofacilitatethesurgeon'spositioningofrodRinfastenerF,rodreducerinstrument50ingageable
tofastenerFandpositionableagainstrodRandthereafteroperabletomoverodRinclor
erFcanbeamulti-axial
oruni-axialscrew,ahook,nbeanyelongated
implantelementofanysizeorshapesolongasitcanbecuredtofastenerF.
Rodreducerinstrument50includesafastenerengagingmember80andareducingmember100
coupledtogetherbyanactuatorasmbly51suchthatreducingmember100ismovable
erengagingmember
80ingageabletofastenerFandreducingmember100ismovabletocontactrodRandpushit
llustratedembodiment,reducingmember100isslidablydispodabout
fastenerengagingmember80,androdRiscapturedinfasteningengagingmember80when
ngmember100is
movabledistallywithrespecttofastenerengagingmember80byactuatorasmbly51tocontact
erengaging
member80hasapassage82(FIG.7)extendingtherethroughthroughwhichatscreworcap
andadriver(notshown)canbeextendedtoengagethetscrewtoyokeYandcuringrodR
therein.
WithfurtherreferencetoFIGS.6-9inconjunctionwithFIGS.1-3,fastenerengagingmember80will
llustratedembodiment,fastenerengagingmember80includesa
ghbody84isshown
ashavingagenerallycylindricalcross-ctionperpendiculartoaxis86,itisunderstoodthatbody
84canhaveacross-ctionofanyappropriateshape,suchasoval,square,orregularlyor
84ishollowinapreferredembodiment,havingpassage82extending
betweenandopeningatproximalend87anddistalend89ofbody84.
llustratedembodiment,flexarms
91includesarelievedportion91a
andslot93includesarelievedportion93atofacilitateflexionofflexarms90and92awayfromone
llustratedembodiment,
disong94,
96includesarodchannel94a,96aincommunicationwithslots91,93andconfiguredtoreceive
ms90and92canbeapartintheirnaturalstate,sothattheycanbesqueezed
togetherbyreducingmember100contactingtheenlargeddistalportion88toholdafastenerF
therein,atively,flexarms
90,92canbetogetherintheirnaturalstate,sothattheycanbeforcedapartbyinrtionofa
fixationelementorotherapplicationofforce,andwillnaturallyclamponoraroundfastenerF.
Prongs94and96aresubstantiallyidenticallyconfigured,andthereforetheywillbothbedescribed
96includesawall96bthatsurroundsa
94alsohasinteriorsurfaces96cand96dextendingbetween
orsurfaces96cand96dare
sizedandshapedtomatchtheprofileoftheportionofyokeYoffastenerFthatispositionable
ingfrominteriorsurfaces96cand96dareprotrusions96eand96f,
sions96dand96fhaveasize,shapeanddepththatallowsinrtionintoan
mple,themulti-axialbonescrew
.5,797,911includesfouroppodroundindentationsinitxteriorportion.
Protrusions96eand96f,alongwiththeidenticalprotrusionsonprong94,aredesignedtofitinto
r,itshouldbeunderstoodthatprongs94and96canbeconfiguredtofit
othersizes,shapesordepthsofindentations,orotherwitoconnecttootherbonefixation
elements.
Itwillbeunderstoodthatfastenerengagingmember80neednotincludeflexarms90,92,butrather
beaformedfromasubstantiallysolidbodyhavinganappropriately-shapedsocketdistalendfor
olidbodycould
alsoincludespring-loadedprotrusionsthatallowpassageofthedistalendoveryokeYuntilthe
rmore,suchadistalendcouldinclude
onlyapairofprotrusionsontheinnerwallorientedtowardrodchannels94a,94bandengage
indentationsorholesformedoncorrespondinglocationsofyokeYoffastenerF,suchasshownin
theaforementioned'eansforconnectingfastenerengagingmember80to
fastenerFarealsocontemplated,includingasnaprings,tscrews,oraninterferencefit,toname
afew.
Proximalend87offastenerengagingmember80furtherincludesalateralextension98havinga
ninFIG.3,thishole98aoflateralextension98receivesapinor
erengaging
member80iscoupledtoactuatorasmbly51suchthatfastenerengagingmember80remains
stationarywhilecomponentsofactuatorasmbly51pivotaboutfastener99.
Rodreducerinstrument50furtherincludesreducingmember100positionedaboutfastener
ingnowtoFIGS.10-11inconjunctionwithFIGS.1-3,reducing
member100includesasubstantiallycylindricalbody104extendingbetweenaproximalend106
ngmember100alsoincludesaninternalpassage102extendingalong
longe102of
reducingmember100isdimensionedtobeslidablewithrespecttofastenerengagingmember80.
Reducingmemb110
and112arepivotallycoupledtoactuatorasmbly51.
Passage102canincludedistalportion102adefinedbyanextensionportion104aofbody104.
Passage102alsoincludesaproximalportion102bincommunicationwithdistalportion102aand
portion102aislargerindiameterthanproximalportion102b
andissizedto102
cisdefinedbetweendistalportion102aandproximalportion102bandcontactnlargedrim88a
tolimitthedistanceofdistalmovementofreducingmember100withrespecttofastenerengaging
gthL2ofpassage102aandextension104aofreducingmember100canvary
from0millimetersupto20millimetersormore,thusallowingthesurgeontolectarodreducer
instrument50havinganextension104a/distalpassage102aofappropriatelengthforthedistance
rthercontemplatedthatproximalportion
102bcanincludeafurtherinwardlysteppedportionorothermeansforcontactingorreducingthe
spacingbetweenfastenerengagingmember80andreducingmember100tolimittheamountof
wobbleorplayofreducingmember100withrespecttofastenerengagingmember80.
InproceduresusingmultiplefastenersFalongthespine,yokesYcanhaveextendedlengthsfrom
theheadoffastenerFthatallowsrodRtobespacedatvariousdistancesfromeachfastenerF.
TheabilitytolectfromrodreducerinstrumentshavingdifferentextensionlengthsL2enablesthe
spacingbetweeneachfastenerFandrodRinyokeYtobecontrolledandvaried,suchaswouldbe
hedesiredrodpositionintheextended
yokeYisobtained,atscrewisplacedthroughpassage82andintoyokeYtomaintainrodRat
thisdesiredposition.
Inanotherform,rodreducerinstrument50hasapassage102withadistalportion102athatis
end88contacts
enlargal
portion102bfitsclolyaroundfastenerengagingmember80tolimitoreliminatewobbleorplayof
rtoadaptthisformof
rodreducerinstrument50forspondylolisthesisprocedures,anextensionmember500isprovided
ionmember500hasabody502witharim504aboutaproximalend
ionmember500has
apassage506extendingbetweenandopeningattheproximalend510andthedistalend512of
e506isconfiguredsothatextensionmember500canbe
positionedaboutreducingmember100withitsproximalendadjacentears118,119andheldwith
respecttheretoviafrictionalengagement,threadedengagement,ion
member500hasadistalportion516aboutdistalpassageportion506athathaslengthL3which
extendsbeyonddistalend108ofreducingmember100toallowreductionofrodRdistallybeyond
rther
contemplatedthatrodreducerinstrument50canbeprovidedinakitwithanumberofextension
members500havingdifferentlengthsL3toallowthesurgeontolecttheamountofrodreduction
,rodreducerinstrument50isud
withoutextension500forinitialreductionofrodRintotheelongatedyokeYandtherodis
nsionmember500ofdesired
lengthisthenplacedoverreducingmember100androdRisfurtherreducedtoadesiredposition
andthetscrewadvancedintotheyoketocurerodRinitsdesiredposition.
Actuatorasmbly51includesafirstarm52andacondarm54,andisoperabletolectively
movereducingmember100proximallyanddistallyalongfastenerengagingmember80with
tbetweenthedistalends58,59ofarms
52,54ofactuatorasmbly51preventreducingmember100frombeingretractedtoofar
cingmember100ismoveddistally,itsdistalend108contactsrodRandmovesit
geoncantheninrtthetscreworcapthroughpassage82of
e82canbesizedandconfiguredto
clolyfitwiththedriverudtoinstallthetscrewtoensureproperalignmentbetweenthet
ngmember100canbeprovidedwithslots114,115thatarealignable
withslots91,lowsthesurgeontovisualizepassage82
andtheinternalportionofyokeYduringrodreductionandtscrewplacementtoverifyproper
ionmember500couldalsobeprovidedwithslots514throughits
body504toallowsuchvisualizationwhenitisud.
Firstear110canbeprovidedwithafemalereceptacle111intowhichoneendofafirstlink120of
rly,condear112canbeprovidedwithafemale
receptacle11
andcondlinksareidentical,andwillbedescribedfurtherwithreferencetofirstlink120shownin
120includesabody124havingfirsthole126atoneendthereofandacondhole
ole126isalignablewithfirstearholes110aoffirstear110,
andthefirstholeofcondlink122issimilarlyalignablewithcondearholes112aofcondear
122,124arepivotallycuredtoears110,112,respectively,viapins118,119
respectively.
Secondhole128oflink120ispivotallyconnectedtoafirstofftpivotarm130ofactuator
asmbly51bypin127,andtheidenticalcondholeofcondlink122ispivotallycoupledto
ingnowtoFIGS.13-15
alongwithFIGS.1-3,firstofftpivotarm130includesabody131definingalateralofftLto
positiontheproximalportionofactuatorasmbly51awayfrompassage82offastenerengaging
131hasadistalend132definingafemalereceptacle132aandholes132b
ink120is
position131
extendsfromdistalend132toproximalend134andformsalateralofftLtherebetween,as
alend134includesa
almaleconnector
134aissteppeddowntoareducedthicknessfrombodyportion131tofacilitatepivotal
engagementwithafemalereceptacle58aatdistalend58offirstarm52ofactuatorasmbly51.
ReferringnowtoFIGS.16-18alongwithFIGS.1-3,condofftpivotarm140includesabody
141definingalateralofftLtopositiontheproximalportionofactuatorasmbly51awayfrom
141hasadistalend142definingafemale
receptacle142aandholes142bextendingtherethroughincommunicationwithfemalereceptacle
link122ispositionableinfemalereceptacle142awithitscondholealignedwith
141extendsfromdistalend142toproximalend144andformsalateralofftL
pecific
embodiment,lateralofftLisabout17millimeters;however,itshouldbeunderstoodthatother
lateralofftdistancesarealsocontemplated,rangingfromnolateralofftupto30millimetersor
alend144includesaproximalmaleconnector144ahavingahole144bformed
almaleconnector144aissteppeddowntoareducedthicknessfrombody
portion141tofacilitatepivotalengagementwithafemalereceptacle59aatdistalend59ofcond
arm54ofactuatorasmbly51.
AsshowninFIGS.16-18,condofftpivotarm140includesamedialmaleconnector146
adjacemale
ingtoFIGS.13-15,firstofft
pivotarm130includesamedialfemaleconnector136adjacentproximalend134thatdefinesa
femalereceptacle136asizedtoreceivemedialmaleconnector146ofcondofftpivotarm140.
Medialfemaleconnector136includesholes136bextendingtherethroughincommunicationwith
er99ixtendablethroughholes136bandhole146atopivotally
usdabove,fastener99is
alsoattachedtohole98aoflateralextension98tocurefastenerengagingmember80to
actuatorasmbly51whileallowingfirstofftpivotarm130andcondofftpivotarm140to
pivotwithrespectthereto.
ReferringnowtoFIGS.19and20,firstarm52andcondarm54ofactuatorasmbly51willbe
rm52extendsbetweenproximalend56anddistalend58andcanincludean
arcuateprofiletherealongtoaccommodatethehandsandfingersofasurgeon'end58
inreceptacle
58aissizedto
139extendsthroughholes58bandhole134boffirstofftpivotarm130topivotallycouplefirst
arm54extendsbetweenproximalend57anddistalend59andcaninclude
anarcuateprofiletherealongtoaccommodatethehandsandfingersofasurgeon'end
59in
receptacle59aissizedtoreceiveproximalmaleconnector144aofcondofftpivotarm140
149extendsthroughholes59bandhole144bofcondofftpivotarm140to
pivotallycouplecondarm54thereto.
Firstarm52h
arm54hasamediallyextendingfemaleconnector64definingareceptacle(notshown)in
eptacleoffemaleconnector64issizedtoreceivemale
connector62,andapin65extendsthroughholes64aand62atopivotallycouplefirstarm52and
condarm54tooneanother.
Rodreducerinstrument50includesalockingmechanismthatholdsactuatorasmbly51ina
specificlockingmechanismwillbedescribed,it
shouldbeunderstoodthattheprentinventioncontemplatesothermeansofholdingactuator
asmbly51inaclodposition.
Proximalend57ofcondarm54furtherincludesatip66thatissteppeddowntoareduced
66includesahole66aformedthereinandafinger66b
extealend56of
firstarm52hasahole60formedinamedialsidethereofintowhichratchetbracket68(FIG.1)can
becuredviaapressfit,threadedconnection,t70is
pivotallycoupledtoratchetbracket68andextendsmediallyfromfirstarm52towardcondarm
ninfurtherdetailinFIG.24,ratchet70includesahole70athroughwhichapincanbe
t70furtherincludesanumberof
teeth70b,70c,70d,70eeachofwhichcaninterlockwithfinger66btoholdactuatorasmbly51
inaclodposition.
Rodreducerinstrument50furtherincludesaleafspring72extendingbetweenandengagedtothe
medialsidesoffirstarm52andcondarm54toprovideabiasingforcethatnormallybias
ring72includesafirstend72aextendingthrough
ratchetbracket68andawayfromfirstarm52tocontactaninclinedendwall70fofratchet70to
tuatorasmbly51is
clod,firstarm52isadjacentcondarm54asshowninFIG.2,andoneoftheteethofratchet70
nd72aofspring72biasratchet70towardfinger
66btomaintainthingagement.
Tofacilitatedingagementofratchet70andfinger66b,athumbrelealever74isprovidedthat
74hasahole74athroughwhichapinmaybeplacedtopivotally
74includesapressmember74bandanoppositenub
ms52,54areintheirclodpositionasshowninFIG.2,pressmember74canbe
pusheddistally,therebyraisingnub74cintocontactwithratchet70andliftingratchet70offof
finger66btoallowarms52,66c
oftip66blocksdistalpivotingmovementofnub74c.
geonhaspositioned
fasteucer
instrument50isinitsnormallybiadopenpositionofFIG.1inwhicharms52,
onespecificembodiment,angleAis45degrees;howeverothervaluesforangleAarealso
ucerinstrument50isintroducedthroughanopenincisionoranaccessport
erengagingmember80isplacedaroundrodRsothatrodRisinrodchannels
94a,portion88isplacedoveryokeY,andflexarms90,92allowprongs94,96tomove
outwardlytopassoveryokeYuntilprotrusions94e,94f,96e,
isfurthercontemplatedthatflexarms90,92canbebentawayfromoneanotherandpredispod
toanopenpositionsuchthatdistalportion88isloolypositionedoveryokeYandreducing
member100movesdistallyalongflexarms90,92anddistalportion88andpushesflexarms90,92
togethertoallowprotrusions94e,94f,96e,96ftoengageindentationsinyokeY.
WithrodRinrodchannels94a,96aanddistalportion88curedtoyokeY,arms52,54are
movedtowardso
arms52,54ofactuatorasmbly51aremovedtowardoneanother,reducingmember100moves
distallyalongfastenerengagingmember80topushorreducerodRintoyokeYasufficient
distancetoallowattachmentofatscreworcaptoyokeY.
Thedistalmovementofreducingmember100iffectedbydistalends58,59ofarms52,54,
respectively,movingawayfromoneanother,whichtherebypivotslateralofftpivotarms130,140
aboutfastener99sothatproximalends134,144moveawayfromoneanotheranddistalends132,
142movetowardsoneanddistally,therebypushingfirstandcondlinks120,122distallyand
effectingdistalmovementofreducingmember100throughthepivotalconnectionbetweenears
110,112andlinks120,ngmember100alsoengagestheenlargeddistalportion88of
fastenerengagingmember80therebyincreasingthegripofprongs94,ked
actuatorasmbly51holdsrodRinitsreducedpositionasthesurgeoninstallsthetscrewin
eralofftprovidedbypivot
arms130,140facilitatesurgeonaccesssincearms52,54arepositionedawayfromtheproximal
etscrewisfirmlyatedinyokeY,and
preferablyatedagainstrodR,lever74ispresdtorelearatchet70fromfinger66bsoarms
52,ms90and92allow
prongs94,96tobeflexedopenandreleaprotrusions94e,94f,96e,
reducerinstrument50canthenberemovedandtheprocedurerepeatedasneededtoreducerodR
intootherfasteners.
ReferringnowtoFIGS.4and5,analternateembodimentrodreducerinstrument150isprovided.
Exceptasotherwidiscusdherein,rodreducerinstrument150isidenticaltorodreducer
instrument50,andelementsofrodreducerinstrument150thatarethesameastheelementsof
rodreducerinstrument50aresimilarlydesignatedbuthave“100”addedtothereference
ucerinstrument150
includesafirstarm152havingaproximalportion152apivotallycoupledtoadistalportion152b.
Rodreducerinstrument150furtherhasacondarm154havingaproximalportion154apivotally
ninFIG.5,thispivotalconnectionallowsproximal
portions152a,154atobepivotedinthesamedirectiontransverlytodistalportions152b,154b
andawayfrompassage182offastenerengagingmember180,providingthesurgeonadditional
r,thepivotedarmportions152a,154acanbeudasthe
surgeonasameanstoprovideacounter-torqueasthetscrewistightenedontorodR.
Rodreducerinstrument150furtherincludesanadjustmentmechanism250thatallowsfinecontrol
mentmechanism
edshaft254ispivotally
coupledtothemedialsideoffirstarm152andextendsthroughaholeprovidedthroughcond
rtomovefirst
arm152andcondarm154towardsoneanother,thumbnut252canbethreadinglyadvanced
rtomovefirstarm152andcondarm154
awayfromoneanother,thumbnut252canbethreadinglyretractedalongthreadedshaft254away
fromfirstarm152.
ReferringtoFIGS.25-27,thereisshownafurtherembodimentofarodreducerinstrument350
aluinthepatient'sbodyrodreducerinstrument350is
orientedsothatitsactuatorasmbly351isorientedproximally,indicatedbytheletter“P”and
accessiblebythesurgeon,andtheoppositeendofinstrument350isorienteddistally,indicatedby
theletter“D”,awayfromthesurgeonandtowardstheoperativesite.
Rodreducerinstrument350includesafastenerengagingmember380andareducingmember
400coupledtogetherbyanactuatorasmbly351suchthatreducingmember400ismovable
erengagingmember
380ingageabletofastenerFandreducingmember400ismovabletocontactrodRandpushit
llustratedembodiment,reducingmember400isslidablydispodabout
fastenerengagingmember380,androdRiscapturedinfasteningengagingmember380when
ngmember400is
movabledistallywithrespecttofastenerengagingmember380byactuatorasmbly351to
er
engagingmember380hasapassage382(FIG.29)extendingtherethroughthroughwhichat
screworcapandadriver(notshown)canbeextendedtoengagethetscrewtoyokeYand
curingrodRtherein.
WithfurtherreferencetoFIGS.28-31inconjunctionwithFIGS.25-27,fastenerengagingmember
llustratedembodiment,fastenerengagingmember380
ghbody384is
shownashavingagenerallycylindricalcross-ctionperpendiculartoaxis386,itisunderstoodthat
body384canhaveacross-ctionofanyappropriateshape,suchasoval,square,orregularlyor
384ishollowinapreferredembodiment,havingpassage382extending
betweenandopeningatproximalend387anddistalend389ofbody384.
llustratedembodiment,flex
391and393facilitate
flexionofflexarms390and392awayfromoneanotherasdistalportion388ispositionedover
mbodiment,thedistalendopeningistaperedatangleB(FIG.30)to
pecificembodiment,angleBisninetydegrees,
ot391,393formsachannelsizedto
ms390and392canbeapartintheirnaturalstate,sothattheycanbe
squeezedtogetherbyreducingmember400toholdfastenerFtherein,andreleadtomoveapart
atively,flexarms390,392canbetogetherintheir
naturalstate,sothattheycanbeforcedapartbyinrtionofafixationelementorotherapplication
offorce,andwillnaturallyclamponoraroundfastenerF.
Flexarms390and392caneachfurtherincludeaninnerprofilesizedandshapedtomatchthe
inginwardlyfromflex
arms390and392areprotrusions394and396,sions394and396haveasize,
shapeanddepththa
example,.5,797,911includestwodiametrically
r,itshouldbeunderstoodthatflexarms390
and392canbeconfiguredtofitothersizes,shapesordepthsofindentation,orotherwito
connecttootherbonefixationelements.
Itwillbeunderstoodthatfastenerengagingmember380neednotincludeflexarms390,392,but
ratherbeformedfromasubstantiallysolidbodyhavinganappropriately-shapedsocketdistalend
olidbodycouldalso
includespring-loadedprotrusionsthatallowpassageofthedistalendoveryokeYuntilthe
rmore,suchadistalendcouldinclude
foueansfor
connectingfastenerengagingmember380tofastenerFarealsocontemplated,includingsnap
rings,tscrews,oraninterferencefit,tonameafew.
Fastenerengagingmember380furtherincludesafirstear396extendinglaterallytherefromhaving
ahole396aformedtherethroughandacondear398extendinglaterallytherefromhavingahole
ninFIG.25,theears396,398extendthroughreducing
member400forpivotalengagementtoactuatorasmbly351.
ReferringnowtoFIGS.32-34inconjunctionwithFIGS.25-27,reducingmember400includesa
substantiallycylindricalbody404extendingbetweenaproximalend406andadistalend408.
Reducingmember400alsoincludesaninternalpassage402extendingalonglongitudinalaxis416
e402issizedsothat
ngmember
400furtherincludesafirstslot403toreceivefirstear396therethroughandadiametricallyopposite
theslots403,405opensatthe
ngmember400isslidableproximallyanddistallyvia
actuatorasmbly351alongfastenerengagingmember380withlongitudinalaxes386and416
substantiallyaligned.
Asreducingmember400ismoveddistally,itsdistalend408contactsrodRandmovesitdistally
geoncantheninrtthetscreworcapthroughpassage382of
e382canbesizedand
configuredtoclolyfitwiththedriverudtoinstallthetscrewtoensureproperalignment
entreducingmember400frombeingextendedtoofar
proximally,proximalend387offastenerengagingmember380hasastopmember430,shown
alsoinFIGS.42-43,mber430hasaninnerdiameterthatfitsoverfastener
engmber
430hasahollowpassage432extendingalonglongitudinalaxis436thatformsanextensionof
mber430hasanouterdiameter436that
extendsaboutfastenerengagingmember380andinterfereswithadrivingmember440curedto
proximalend406ofreducingmember400tolimitproximalmovementofreducingmember400.
Stopmember430furtherhasalengthL1thatallowsstopmember430toextendproximallya
sufficientdistancefromfastenerengagingmember380tointerferewithclodarms352,354of
actuatorasmbly350tolimitdistalmovementofreducingmember400.
AsshowninFIGS.35-37,drivingmember440hasabody446definingapassage441
e441hasafirstlargerportion441asizedtofitoverproximalend406of
e444isstepped
downtoasmallerdiameterportion441binordertoprovidearim441cwhichcanbeatedon
rportion441bissizedtoslidinglyreceive
fastenerengagingmember380therethroughyetallowbody446tocontactstopmember430to
limitproximalmovementofreducingmember400asdiscusdabove.
AsshowninFIG.44,firstlink420includesabody423havingfirsthole424atadistalendthereof
link422isidenticaltofirstlink
420,ingbacktoFIGS.35-37,driving
member440furtherincludesafirstear442havingafemalereceptacle442aintowhichoneendof
363canbeplacedthroughholes442bandfirsthole424offirst
rly,condear444canbe
providedwithafemalereceptacle444aintowhichoneendofcondlink422canbeplaced.
Secon366can
beplacedthroughholes444btopivotallycouplethedistalendofcondlink422therewith.
ReferringnowtoFIGS.38-41,firstarm352andcondarm354ofactuatorasmbly351willbe
m352,354extendsbetweena
proximalend356,359anddistalend358,m352,354canincludean
arcuateprofiletherealongwithgrippingportionstoaccommodatethehandsandfingersofa
surgeon'end358,361includesfemalereceptacle358a,361ahavingholes358b,
receptacle358a,361aissizedtoreceiverespective
onesoftheears396,437,439extendthrough
respectiveonesoftheholes358a,361aandears396,398topivotallycoupledistalend358,361
ofarms352,354thereto.
Eachofthearms352,354hasamediallyextendingfemaleconnector362,365definingahole362
a,365atherethroughandareceptacle362b,365bincommunicationwithhole362a,365a.
Receptacles362b,365bareeachsizedtoreceivetheproximalendofarespectiveoneofthefirst
andcondlinks420,367,369extendthroughthrough-holes362a,365atopivotally
couplefirstarm352andcondarm354tofirstlink420andcondlink422,
notrequired,rodreducerinstrument350canincludealockingmechanism(notshown)whichholds
actuatorasmbly351initsreducedpositionshowninFIG.27.
Itisfurthercontemplatedthattherodreducerinstrumentsoftheprentinventioncanbeinrted
throughanaccesstubeudinminimallyinvasiveprocedurestoinstallfastenersFandperform
.26,anaccesstube450isshowninctionviewand
cesstubesareudinthorascopic,
laparoscopic,tiscontemplatedthat
thefastenerengagingmemberandreducingmemberoftherodreducerinstrumentsoftheprent
inventioncanbeprovidedsuchthattheymovealongthesamecentralaxis,thespaceneededto
dreductioncanbeaccomplishedwithaminimallyinvasive
approachtominimizetissuerection,cuttingandtheliketoaccessthesurgicalsite.
Rodreducerinstrument350includesalaterallyextendingmember355,357extendingfromeachof
thearms352,354tocontacttheproximalendofaccesstube450tolimittheinrtiondepthofrod
ldbeunderstoodthatsuchlaterallyextendingmembers
couldbeprovidedwiththeotherrodreducerinstrumentsdescribedherein,andlocatedonother
componentsthereofsuchasonfastenerengagingmembers80,380.
geonhaspositioned
fasteneucer
instrument350isinitsnormallybiadopenpositionofFIG.25inwhicharms352,354arespaced
ucerinstrument350isintroducedthroughanopenincisionoran
erengagingmember380isplacedaroundrodRsothatrodRisin
thechannelsformedbyslots391,end388canbeplacedoveryokeYsinceflexarms
390,392moveoutwardlytopassoveryokeYuntilprotrusions394,396engageindentationsin
352,354aremovedtowardsoneanothertomovereducingmember400distally
alongfastenerengagingmember380topushorreducerodRintoyokeYasufficientdistanceto
stalmovementofreducingmember400is
effectedbythefirstandcondlinks420,422pivotingattheirendscoupledtoarms352,354and
alsopivotingattheirendscoupledtodrivingmember440,whichtherebydrivesreducingmember
orasmbly351canbeheldinthepositionofFIG.
27tomaintainrodRinitsreducedpositionasthesurgeoninstallsthetscrewinyokeYthrough
etscrewisfirmlyatedagainstrodR,
arms352,ms390and392
allowreleaofprotrusions394,ucerinstrument350canthenbe
removedandrepeatedasneededtoreducerodRintootherfasteners.
Therodreducerinstrumentsoftheprentinventionarepreferablymadeofasturdybiocompatible
materialsuchasstainlesssteelusingstandardfabricationtechniquesformedicalgrade
r,otherbiocompatiblematerialsarealsocontemplated.
Whiletheinventionhasbeenillustratedanddescribedindetailinthedrawingsandforegoing
description,thesameistobeconsideredasillustrativeandnotrestrictiveincharacter,itbeing
understoodthatonlythepreferredembodimenthasbeenshownanddescribedandthatall
changesandmodificationsthatcomewithinthespiritoftheinventionaredesiredtobeprotected.
技术领域本发明的
本发明涉及一种外科手术器械移动的外科植入物的一个部分到相邻的位置,或者与另一个接
触。特别是,本发明考虑杆减速器工具用于放置或移动的矫形棒朝骨固定元件。
发明背景
在矫形外科领域,特别是脊髓手术,这是众所周知的通过使用植入杆固定到所述主体部分进
行校正,以纠正损伤,畸形,或其他缺陷。例如,杆系统已被开发用于校正的定位和稳定脊
柱,并用于促进融合各级的脊柱。在一个这样的系统中,所述杆在纵向上沿着脊柱的长度。
所述杆优选地弯曲,前或手术过程中任一,以对应于脊柱的正常曲率在被检测的特定区域,
或者以其他曲率的外科医生认为适当的纠正缺陷。例如,棒可以弯曲,以形成一个正常的后
凸弧度的脊柱的胸部区域,或者形成一个正常的前凸弧度的腰部区域。所述杆接合到多个固
定到或与沿着脊柱的段椎骨接合固定元件。
被构造成接合椎骨可提供各种固定元件。例如,一种这样的固定元件是一种层钩子,配置为
接合椎骨的椎板。另一个普遍的固定元件是一个脊柱螺钉可以拧入椎弓根或椎骨的其他部
分。这种脊椎螺钉的例子见于美国专利5005562号到Cotrel的,该申请的公开在此引入作为
参考。另一种类型的固定元件是一个多轴骨螺钉,如公开在美国专利号5797911和5879350,
以Sherman等人,其中的每一个在本文中也将其全部引入作为参考。其他类型的骨螺钉,
钩,螺栓或其它固定元件是本领域已知的。
在一个典型的脊程序,一个细长的植入物(如杆)耦合到两个或更多个固定元件(例如骨螺
钉)被固定到脊柱或棘突的两侧。骨螺钉先旋入几个椎体,如这些椎骨的椎弓根的一部分。
杆被连接到骨螺钉以提供纠正和稳定力到脊柱。固定用的棒状到骨螺钉通常需要在杆是在靠
近相邻的位置或在与螺丝接触。例如,相对于骨螺钉所披露的Cotrel的'562专利和'911谢尔
曼和上述确定的'350专利,杆和植入的螺钉必须被移动相对于彼此,以使杆占据内的空间信
道或在螺杆其他开口。杆,然后耦合到植入的骨螺钉使用一套螺钉,插销或其它适当的紧固
件。将内或相邻的杆对一种植入的固定元件,使它们可以结合在一起的过程被称为“减少”
的杆。
由外科医生使用他或她的手和/或刚性的工具如钳子,杠杆或其它仪器适合于在其上创建植
入螺钉和杆必要的推和/或拉力时通常进行的杆下降。这种程序通常需要外科医生能够直接
放置在杆在植入的固定元件,相交的固定元件的纵向轴线。因此,获得了杆和植入的固定元
件沿该轴,所述开口中的固定元件复位到所述杆的放置位置,即正上方,是必要的或至少是
非常可取的。然而,这样的访问可以取决于这样的因素是困难的,因为在畸形进行校正和患
者的整体生理学,并可以是非常困难的过程中,外科侵袭是要尽量减少,作为小口或切口的
结果这样的程序。此外,与使用单-轴向螺钉,患者的生理可以要求该螺钉被放置在一个
角度,使得外科医生将难以在杆和/或固定元件的必要定向访问和施加力。用多轴向固定装
置,该固定元件的一个不安全的杆接收部分的方向可以更加多样相对于所述杆和/或外科医
生。因此,外科医生仍经常面临在一个不好的角度减小杆的任务。
各种尝试在现有技术中已作出提供杆减少在美国专利中描述工具,如。6036692号至波雷
尔等人的美国专利。5910141号至Morrison等;和美国专利。5720751号杰克逊;各内容在
此通过引用并入其全文。然而,需要留在行业棒减少,可以有效地使用,安全地在杆减少程
序,以及可在两个微创和开放手术的方法来竿安装的站点中使用杆减少仪器仪表。
发明内容
本发明提供的仪器用于在整形外科手术是有效和方便地使用棒减少。该仪器无需直接应用手
册力到杆在它的期望位置相对于拉链定位。该工具还可以促进附着的棒的拉链,并且具有应
用在两个开放式外科手术和微创外科手术。
方面,目的,优点,特征,实施例,以及本发明的优点将是显而易见的在考虑下面的书面描
述和附图,说明本发明的实施例。
附图的简要说明
图。图1是一杆减速仪根据一个处于缩回位置上的本发明的一个实施例的正视图。
图。图1a是一个扩展部件可用与本发明的杆减速机工具的正视图。
图。图2是图1的杆减速仪的正视图。如图1中的还原位置。
图。图3是图1中的杆减速仪的侧视图。2。
图。图4是一杆减速仪按照备用处于缩回位置上的本发明的一个实施例的正视图。
图。图5是图1中的杆减速仪的侧视图。4,其致动器组件的一部分的横向枢转。
图。图6是一个紧固件啮合部件包括图的杆减速器器械的一部分的透视图。1和4。
图。图7是图1的拉链接合件的侧面正视图。6。
图。图8是图1的拉链接合件的侧面正视图。6旋转90度左右其从它的图的纵轴。7定位。
图。图9是图1中的拉链接合件的前端视图;6。
图。图10是一个减少部件包括图的杆减速器器械的一部分的透视图。1和4。
图。图11是图1的减少构件的侧视图。10。
图。图12是包括图3-5的杆减速仪的一部分的链路的正视图。1和4。
图。图13是一个第一个偏移枢转臂,包括图的杆减速器器械的一部分的透视图。1和4。
图。图14是图1中的第一偏移枢转臂的正视图。13。
图。图15是图1中的第一偏移枢转臂的正视图。13旋转90度,从它的图。13方向。
图。图16是第二偏移枢转臂,包括图的杆减速器器械的一部分的透视图。1和4。
图。图17是图1中的第二偏移枢转臂的正视图。16。
图。图18是图1中的第二偏移枢转臂的正视图。16旋转90度,从它的图。16方向。
图。图19是第一臂,包括图1所示的杆减速器器械的一部分的透视图。1。
图。图20是第二臂,包括图1所示的杆减速器器械的一部分的透视图。1。
图。图21是图15的第二臂的基端的正视图。20。
图。图22是第二臂的基端的放大的正视图旋转90度,从它在图的方向。21。
图。图23是包括图3-5的杆减速仪的一部分的释放器的透视图。1和4。
图。图24是一个棘轮臂,包括图的杆减速仪的一部分的侧视图。1和4。
图。图25是杆减速仪按照在缩回位置上的本发明的另一实施例的正视图。
图。图26是图1中的杆减速仪的侧视图。25所示,在还原位置和通过接入口延伸。
图。图27是图1中的杆减速仪。25所示,在还原位置。
图。图28是一拉链接合件包括图1所示的杆减速器器械的一部分的正视图。25。
图。图29是通过图29-29线的剖视图。28。
图。图30是图1的紧固件啮合部件的前端的放大图。28。
图。图31是通过图31-31线的剖视图。28。
图。图32是一个减少构件,其包括图1中的杆减速器器械的一部分的正视图。25。
图。图33是图1的减少构件的正视图。32旋转90度左右,通过其在图取向纵向轴线。32。
图。图34是一个正视图,用图的减少构件的近端。32。
图。图35是包括图1所示的杆减速仪的一部分的驱动构件的平面图。25。
图。图36是通过图36-36线所取的剖视图。35。
图。图37是图1中的驱动部件的侧视图。35。
图。图38是包括图1所示的杆减速仪器的一部分上的手柄的正视图。25。
图。图39是图1的手柄的正视图。38旋转90度左右,通过其在图取向纵向轴线。38。
图。图40是通过图40-40线的剖视图。39。
图。图41是通过图41-41线的剖视图。38。
图。图42是一个止动件,它包括图1所示的杆减速器器械的一部分的正视图。25。
图。图43是图1的止动件的端视图。42。
图。图44是包括图1所示的杆减速仪的一部分的链路的正视图。25。
说明具体实施
为了促进对本发明原理的理解的目的,现在将参考由在附图和具体的语言将被用于描述相同
图示的实施例。然而应当理解,本发明的范围不局限于此意。任何这样的改变和进一步修改,
在图示的装置中,与本发明的所说明其中的原理的任何的进一步的应用,被设想为通常会发
生向本领域技术人员,本发明涉及的现有技术。
参照图1-3,其中示出了根据本发明的第一杆减速器器械50的实施例。在患者的身体杆减
速器器械50的正常使用的取向,使得其致动器组件51位于近侧,由字母“P”和由外科
医生可访问表示,而器械50的相对端部是面向远侧,通过所指示的字母“D”,远离外科
医生和向手术部位。图。1-3,手术部位是在其中一个紧固件F被接合的脊柱的椎骨本体
V1。拉链F具有一个轭y表示允许定位在棒R在其中,然后固定到紧固件F。和一组螺钉
或类似物。为了便于在紧固件F棒R的外科医生的定位,杆减速器器械50可接合到紧固件
F和定位对棒R,此后,其可操作以将棒R更接近紧固件F使得该棒R可以固定到拉链F.
紧固件F可为多轴或单轴螺钉,钩,或其他骨或组织啮合装置。棒R可以是任何大小的任
何细长植入元件或如此形状,只要它可被固定到紧固件F。
杆减速仪50包括一个紧固件啮合部件80和由致动器组件51,例如联接到一起的还原性构
件100,减少构件100是可移动的近端和远端相对于紧固件啮合部件80。拉链接合件80
接合到紧固件F和减少构件100是可动接触棒R,并将其推朝向拉链F。在图示的实施例
中,减少构件100可滑动地设置左右拉链接合件80,和棒R被捕获在紧固当减少构件100
卡合构件80处于如图中所示的缩回位置。1。减少构件100是可移动的远端相对于紧固件
由致动器组件51接合件80与棒R和位置棒R成的拉链F轭y为如图2和3。紧固件接合
构件80具有延伸穿过其中,通过该一组螺丝或帽和一个驱动器(未示出)可以延伸到接合
固定螺丝,以磁轭Y和固定棒R在其中的通道82(图7)。
进一步参考图6-9结合图。1-3,紧固件啮合部件80下面将进一步描述。在图示的实施例
中,紧固件接合构件80包括具有纵向轴线86和放大的远侧部分88的主体84。虽然体84
被示为具有大致圆柱形截面垂直于轴线86,可以理解,主体84可具有横截面的任何合适
的形状,如椭圆形,正方形,或者规则或不规则的多边形。体84是中空的,在一个优选实
施例中,经通路82在近端87和本体84的前端89之间和开口延伸。
本体84还包括第一和第二弯曲臂90和92。在图示的实施例中,柔性臂90和92有槽91
和93在其间延伸。槽91包括一个缓冲部分91和槽93包括一个缓冲部分93,以方便柔性
臂的弯曲90和92彼此远离的远端部分88被定位在拉链F。轭Y的图示实施例中,远侧部
88包括叉94和96,通过该狭槽91和93延伸。各爪齿94,96包括一个杆通道94,96
与槽91,93和构造成在其中接收棒R的通信。柔性臂90和92可以是除了在它们的自然
状态,从而使它们可以被挤压在一起以减少构件100接触的放大的远侧部分88,以容纳一
紧固件F在其中,并释放到移动彼此远离,并松开紧固件F。另外,双臂弯曲90,92可
以一起在他们的自然状态,使它们可以强行分开通过插入一个固定元件或以武力其他的应用
程序,并会自然夹紧F上或围绕紧固件
叉94和96基本上相同的配置,因此它们都将通过参照如图到叉齿96。7和9。叉96包
括一个壁96B中围绕杆通道96的一部分。爪94还具有内表面96c和96D中的槽91和93
和杆通道96中的相应的之间延伸。内表面96c和96d为尺寸和形状相匹配的拉链F轭Y
的部分,其可定位thereagainst的轮廓。从内部延伸面96c和96d为突起96e和96楼分别。
突起96D和96f所的尺寸,形状和深度,使插入到形成在拉链F。轭Y适用例子的压痕或
孔,所述多轴向骨螺钉在美国专利。5797911号包括四个相对的圆形压痕其外观部分。突
起96e和96楼一起上叉94相同的突起,都是为了适应这些缺口。然而,应当理解的是,
齿尖94和96可以被配置,以适应其他的尺寸,形状和深度的凹槽,或以其他方式连接到其
他骨固定元件。
它将被理解的是,紧固件啮合件80不必包括挠性臂90,92,而是有一个由具有适当形
状的插座远端用于接合紧固件F和包括接收棒R的杆通道基本上实心体形成这样一个坚实
的身体还可能包括装有弹簧的突起,允许远端过轭的Y通道,直到突起从事相应的压痕。
此外,这样的远端可包括仅一个在内壁朝向杆通道94,94b一对突起和接合形成在拉链F
轭的Y对应的位置,如在上述'911中所示的凹槽或孔专利。被用于连接紧固件接合构件80
到紧固件F其他手段也可设想,包括一个开口环,紧定螺钉,或干涉配合,仅举几例。
紧固件啮合部件80的近端87还包括具有形成在其中的孔98的横向延伸部分98。如该图
所示。3,此孔98的横向延伸98收到销或紧固件99情侣紧固件接合件80到传动装置组
件51。拉链接合件80连接到致动器组件51,使得紧固件啮合构件80保持的致动器组件
51枢轴关于紧固件99固定,而组件。
杆减速仪50还包括减少定位在紧固件接合件80件100。现在参看图。10-11结合图。1-3,
减少构件100包括近端106和远端108之间延伸的大致圆柱形的主体104。减少构件100
还包括沿着纵向轴线116和开口近端106和远端108之间延伸的内部通道102。减少构件
100的通道102的尺寸被设计为可滑动相对于紧固件啮合部件80。减少构件100还包括第
一耳110和一个径向相对的耳部112。耳110和112枢转地联接到致动器组件51。
通道102可以包括远侧部分102由一个体104的延伸部分104限定。通道102还包括一个近
端部分102中的b与远端部分102和一个开口的近端106的通信。远侧部分102是一个直径
大于近端部分102b和定尺寸以容纳紧固件的放大的远侧部分88在其中接合构件80。唇部
102C是远侧部分102和近侧部分102b和触点增大的缘88之间所限定的限制减少构件100
相对于紧固件啮合部件80的远端移动的距离。通道102的长度L2和一个延伸部104的还
原性构件100可从0毫米变化可达20毫米或更大,从而使外科医生能够选择具有50延伸
104/远侧通道102的杆减速仪一个适当的长度杆减少超出期望末端89的距离。进一步设想
该近侧部分102B能够包括进一步的向内台阶部分或其它装置,用于接触或减少紧固件啮合
构件80之间的间距并减少构件100,以限制摆动减少构件100相对于紧固件或播放的量接
合件80。
在使用多个紧固件F沿脊柱的程序,磁轭Y能够从拉链F中的头部,它允许棒R,以在从
每个紧固件F。各种距离从具有不同后缀长度L2杆减速器工具来选择的能力被隔开的延伸
长度使每个拉链F和在磁轭Ÿ棒R也可以控制和改变之间的间隔,如将是可取的滑脱复位技
术。获得在扩展轭Y中的所需棒位置后,一组螺钉被放置通过通道82并进入轭Y以维持棒
R在此所希望的位置。
在另一种形式中,杆减速仪50有一通道102与大小以接合紧固件的放大远侧部88接合件
80的远端部分102。远端88接触增大的缘88上的限制减少构件100的前端的位移量。近
侧部分102b紧密地配合围绕紧固件啮合部件80来限制或消除摆动减少构件100相对于紧
固件啮合部件80的或播放。为了适应这种形式的杆减速器器械50滑脱的程序,一个扩展构
件500被设置为显示于图1A。延伸构件500具有主体502与轮辋504关于其近端,以便安
放和取出过减少构件100。延伸件500具有在近端510和远端延伸构件500的512之间并
且开口延伸的通道506。通道506被构造成使得延伸构件500可以被定位在减少部件100
与它的近端相邻的耳朵118,119,并通过摩擦配合,螺纹接合的一组螺钉或类似物保持
相对于此。延伸构件500具有大约远侧通道部分506的远侧部分516具有长度L3延伸超出
末端减少构件100,以允许减少棒R的远侧超出远侧端108的108。长度L3可以在1毫
米或更大的任何增量提供。它进一步设想杆减速仪50可以在一个试剂盒中设置有多个延伸
部件500具有不同的长度L3,以允许外科医生选择杆减少所需超越减少构件100的远端
108的量。在使用中,杆减速机仪器(50)是用于不带扩展为500初始还原棒R的进长轭Y
和杆被临时固定在带紧定螺钉这个初始位置。所需长度的延伸件500然后被放置在减少构件
100和棒R被进一步降低到所期望的位置和固定螺钉推进到磁轭固定棒R在其期望的位置。
致动器组件51包括一第一臂52和第二臂54,并且是可操作的以选择性地减少移动部件100
向近侧和远侧沿拉链接合件80具有纵向轴线86和116大致对准。所述远端之间的接触端
58,59的臂52,致动器组件51的54防止被缩回太多近侧减少构件100。作为减少构件
100被向远侧运动,其远端108接触棒R和向远侧移动它朝着拉链F。然后外科医生可以通
过拉链接合件80的通道82中插入固定螺钉或帽固定在磁轭Y.通道棒R82可定尺寸并构造
成密切配合用于安装固定螺钉以确保固定螺钉和磁轭之间的正确对准驾驶员适应。减少构件
100可以设置有槽114,115,其可对准用槽91,紧固件啮合部件80的93。这允许外科
医生直观通道82和磁轭Y的内部部分杆还原和固定螺钉放置期间,以验证正确的对准和定
位。延伸构件500也可以设置有槽514,通过它的主体504,以允许这样的可视化时,它
被使用。
第一耳110可以设置有一个插座111在其中致动器组件51的第一连杆120的一端可放置。
Sirilarly,第二耳112可以设置有一个插座113在其中致动器组件51的第二连杆122的一
端可放置。第一和第二连杆是相同的,并且将参照图中所示第一连杆120进一步描述。12。
链路120包括具有相对的端部的第一孔126的一端与第二孔128的主体124。第一孔126
是致取向与第一耳的孔110的第一耳部110,和第二连杆122的第一孔中也同样与第二耳
的孔112可对准一个第二耳塞112。连杆122和124可枢转地固定到分别的耳朵110,112,
分别经由销118,119。
连杆120的第二孔128枢转地连接到致动器组件51的第一偏移枢转臂130由销127和第二
连杆122的相同的第二孔被枢转地联接到第二偏置致动器组件51的枢转臂140由销129。
现在参看图。13-15以及图。1-3,第一偏移枢转臂130包括一本体131限定出一个横向
偏移L到远离拉链接合件80的通道82定位致动器组件51的近端部分。体131具有远端132
限定一个插座132和一个孔132中的b连通阴插座132延伸穿过。第一连杆120可定位在阴
插座132一个与它的第二孔与孔132B对齐。主体131从远端132延伸到近端134,并形
成一个横向偏移L之间,如下面进一步讨论的相对于第二偏移枢转臂140。近端134包括
近端公连接器134具有一孔134b穿过其形成的。近端公连接器134是一阶梯状下降到从主
体部分131具有减小的厚度,以促进转动啮合的阴插座58在致动器组件51的第一臂52的
远端58。
现在参看图。16-18以及图。1-3,第二偏移枢转臂140包括一本体141限定出一个横向
偏移L到远离拉链接合件80的通道82定位致动器组件51的近端部分。主体141具有远端
142限定一个插座142和一个孔142中的b的通信与母插座142延伸穿过其中。第二个环节
122可定位在母插座142与第二孔与孔142B对齐。主体141从远端142延伸到近端144,
并形成一个横向偏移L之间是相同的偏移量L对于第一个偏移枢转臂130。在一个具体实
施方式中,横向偏移L约为17毫米,但是,应当理解的是,其它横向偏移距离,也可以考
虑,从没有横向偏移量可达30毫米或更大。近端144包括近端阳连接器144具有一孔144b
穿过其形成的。近端公连接器144被降压,从主体部分141具有减小的厚度,以促进转动啮
合的阴插座59在致动器组件51的第二臂54的远端59。
如图。16-18,第二偏移枢转臂140包括内侧阳连接器146相邻的近端144是阶梯状下降到
从主体141减小的厚度。内侧阳连接器146包括一个孔146延伸穿过其中。参照图13-15,
第一个偏移转臂130包括内侧母连接器136相邻的近端134,定义一个插座136大小的接
收第二偏移枢转臂140的内侧插入式连接器146。内侧母连接器136包括孔136中的b的
通信与母插座136延伸穿过其中。紧固件99可延伸通过孔136b和孔146以枢转地联接第
一偏移枢转臂130以第二偏移枢转臂140。如上所述,紧固件99也被连接到孔98的横向
延伸部分98的固定扣件接合件80到致动器组件51,同时允许第一偏置枢轴臂130和第二
偏移枢转臂140枢转相于此。
现在参看图。19和20,第一臂52和致动器组件51的第二臂54进行说明。第一臂52的近
端56和远端58之间延伸,并且可以包括弓形轮廓沿其容纳外科医生的握柄的手和手指。远
端58包括阴插座58有一孔58中的b相通。阴插座58的尺寸适于接收近端公连接器134
的第一偏移枢转臂130的一个内。销139的通孔延伸,58b和第一次偏移枢转臂130的孔
134b以可摆动地将第一臂52于此。第二臂54的近端57和远端59之间延伸,并且可以包
括弓形轮廓沿其容纳外科医生的握柄的手和手指。远端59包括阴插座59有一孔59B与其
连通。阴插座59的尺寸适于接收第二偏移枢转臂140的近端在其中公连接器144。销149
通过孔59b和第二偏移枢转臂140的孔144b以可摆动地将第二臂54向其延伸。
第一臂52具有向内侧延伸的凸型连接器62限定了孔62穿过。第二臂54具有向内侧延伸的
阴连接器64连通的孔64限定了插座(未示出)。阴连接器64的插座的尺寸,以接收阳连接
器62和针65的通孔64和62延伸的可枢转地耦合第一臂52和第二臂54到彼此。
杆减速仪50包括保持致动器组件51在关闭位置,如在图中所示的锁定机构。2。而特定
的锁定机构进行说明,但应理解,本发明设想的保持致动器组件51处于关闭位置的其他装
置。
近端57第二臂54的进一步包括尖端66是阶梯状下降到从该第二臂54的厚度减小。前端
66包括一个孔66形成在其中,并在手指66B号向近侧延伸并指向横向距离,第一臂52上。
第一臂52的近端56具有其在其中棘轮支架68(图1)可以通过压配合,螺纹连接被固定
形成在内侧的孔60,焊接连接等。棘轮70可枢转地联接到棘轮支架68和内侧从第一臂52
朝向第二臂54延伸。为进一步详细地示于图24,棘轮70包括一个孔70,通过该销可以
被放置到可摆动地将棘轮70棘轮支架68。棘轮70还包括多个齿70B,70C,70D,70
E每一个都可以用手指66B号互锁,以在关闭位置保持传动装置组件51。
杆减速仪50还包括之间并接合到第一臂52和第二臂54,以提供通常偏压致动器组件51
到打开位置的偏置力的中间边侧延伸的板簧72。板簧72包括第一端72通过一个棘轮支架
68和远离第一臂52延伸以接触一倾斜的端壁70°F棘轮70的正常偏压内侧端70克棘轮
70的远端方向。当致动器组件51被关闭时,第一臂52是在图所示相邻的第二臂54。2,
与棘轮70的齿之一接合手指的第二臂54的66湾第一端72的弹簧72的偏见冲高70朝手指
66b以保持这种接触。
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