before midnight

大学英语四级考试预测试题二

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayaccordingtothe

uldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

Dama*nehand,

Damasquaredancerefle

theotherhand,manycitizenswholivenearthesquarearedisturbedbythenoiofDamasquare

?syouropinionofDamasquaredance?What?syoursuggestiontowardtheproblem?

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PartIIListeningComprehension（25minutes）

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachnewsreport,you

enewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,

C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions1and2willbebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

1.A）Christmas-timeattacksmadebySomalirebels.C）Thekillingofmorethan70

UgandansinKampala.

B）AnexplosionatabusstationincentralNairobi.D）BlaststoffbyaSomaligroup

inUganda?scapital.

2.A）OnChristmasEve.C）Duringacuritycheck.

B）Justbeforemidnight.D）Inthesmallhoursofthemorning.

Questions3and4willbebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

3.A）Itislikelytoclomanyofitsstores.C）Itremainscompetitiveintherecession.

B）Itisknownforthequalityofitsgoods.D）Itwillexpanditsonlineretailbusiness.

4.A）Expanditsbusinessbeyondgroceries.C）CutitsDVDpublishingbusiness.

B）Fire25,000ofitscurrentemployees.D）Sellthebusinessforonepound.

Questions5to7willbebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

5.A）Alltaxisbegantoumeters.C）Advertimentswereallowedontaxis.

B）Alltaxisgotairconditioning.D）Oldtaxiswerereplacedwithnewcabs.

6.A）Alowinterestloanscheme.C）Taxipasngers?complaints.

B）Environmentalists?protests.D）Permissionforcaradvertising.

7.A）Therearenomoreirregularpractices.C）Newcabsareallequippedwithmeters.

B）Allnewcabsprovideair-conditioning.D）Newlegislationprotectsconsumerrights.

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachconversation,

econversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,

C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

ConversationOne

Questions8to11arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A）Sheishard-working.C）Sheisbusyinthemorning.

B）Shehastocatchanearlybus.D）Shegetsuplateinthemorning.

9.A）It?sbetterthaneveningexerci.C）Youngpeopledonotneedtotakeexerci.

B）Ithelpshimworkmoreefficiently.D）Morningexerciisgenerallyinformative.

10.A）Hehastogotopartiesintheevening.C）Theairisnotfreshintheevening.

B）Hehastopreparedinnerforthefamily.D）Hecan?taffordthetime.

11.A）Gohome.C）Gotothebusstop.

B）Gotohisoffice.D）Sendhissontoschool.

Questions12to15arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A）Colorado.C）TheNileRiver.

B）Arizona.D）TheMuumofNaturalHistory.

13.A）Archaeological.C）Meteorological.

B）Biological.D）Sociological.

14.A）Inacave.C）Inatree.

B）Inariver.D）Inaboat.

15.A）Solveamystery.C）Findsomedriftwood.

B）Seethecanyon.D）Takesomephotographs.

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachpassage,youwill

ouhear

aquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions16to18arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A）TheheadoftheAlumniOffice.C）Aprofessorofbusinessadministration.

B）Adoctor.D）Astudentfromlastyear?sprogram.

17.A）Medicalinterns.C）Localbusinesxecutives.

B）Undergraduatestudents.D）Alumnisponsors.

18.A）Theygivemoneytosponsortheprogram.C）Theyprovidejobopportunities.

B）Theywritelettersofrecommendation.D）TheyworkfortheAlumniOffice.

PassageTwo

Questions19to22arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A）TogivebackgroundinformationaboutSantaCatalinaIsland.

B）TotelltheaudienceaboutnewbooksonSantaCatalina.

C）Tointroduceatrainingfilmonbaball.

D）Totellpeopleaboutthemusicfromthe1930sand1940s.

20.A）Abandleader.C）AnearlyttlerofSantaCatalina.

B）Awealthybusinessman.D）AbaballplayerfromChicago.

21.A）Totupanexclusiveresort.C）Toestablishasummerretreatformusicians.

B）Tobuildamarina.D）Tostartatrainingcampforababallteam.

22.A）TraditionalPortuguemusic.C）Big-bandmusic.

B）Opera.D）MusiccompodbyWrigley.

PassageThree

Questions23to25arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

23.A）Recallingsomethingfromone?smemory.C）Conscience.

B）Thepreparatorymethodinexams.D）Man?smind.

24.A）Fromtheonestheyarefamiliarwithtothedifficultones.

B）Fromtheshortonestothelongones.

C）Fromthecomplicatedonestotheeasyones.

D）Fromtheonestheyareconfidentoftothemoredifficultones.

25.A）Whenyoucan?trecallsomethinginstantly,youshouldtryyourbesttodoit.

B）Whenyoucan?trecallsomethinginstantly,you?dbetterhaveanoperationonyourmind.

C）Thesubconsciousactivitiesmaygotoworktodigupadimmemory.

D）Forcingyourlftorecallmayloonyourmemory.

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,requiredtolectoneword

foepassage

oiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.

PleamarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

notuanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Worriedaboutwhatpeoplearesayingaboutyou?Concernsaboutgossipcouldinfluencebehavior,

includinggenerosity,rearcherssaid.

“Asitturnsout,theactofgossipcanindeedbequitepowerful,”saidJaredPiazzaofQueen?s

UniversityinBelfast,NorthernIreland.

astudiedthe26of72collegestudentswhowereaskedto

distributetokens（代金券）withamonetaryvaluebetweenthemlvesandsomeoneel.

Halfofthegroupwere27toldtheirdecisionwouldbediscusdwithathirdparty.

“Participantswhoweretoldthatthereceiverwouldbecommunicatingtheireconomicdecision

withthethirdpartywere28moregenerousintheirallocationsofthetokensthan

participantswhowerenot29tobelievethattheirdecisionswouldbediscusd,”

PiazzaandBeringasaidinthestudypublishedinthejournalHumanBehavior.

Theyaddedthatthemost30strategyfromaneconomicstandpointwouldhavebeen

forastudentto31all10tokenstohimorherlf,butthethreatofgossipemedto

have32theirdecision.

Althoughgenderdidnotplayamajorroleinthestudy,menwereslightlymore33than

women.

“Allocationsofmaleswere,onaverage,slightlygreaterthanallocationsoffemales,although

therewerealmosttwiceasmanyfemaleparticipants,”

Apreviousstudyshowedthatgossipismorepowerfulthantruth,suggestingpeoplebelievewhat

theyhearthroughthegrapevineeveniftheyhaveevidencetothe35.

A）addedI）allocate

B）beneficialJ）thought

C）swayedK）contrary

D）fabricatedL）also

E）reactionsM）generous

F）madeN）led

G）stillO）economical

H）significantly

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,

fytheparagraphfromwhich

ragraphis

thequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

2.

Addicted,Really?

A）Mental-healthspecialistsdisagreeoverwhethertoclassifycompulsiveonlinebehaviour

asaddiction—mallwood,adisabledAmericanwarveteran,spentmore

than20,000hoursoverfiveyearsplayinganonlinerole-playinggamecalled“LineageII”.When

NCsoft,theSouthKoreanfirmbehindthegame,accudhimofbreakingthegame?srulesand

bannedhim,hewasplungedintodepression,vereparanoia（偏执）andhallucinations（幻想）.

hat,hesuedNCsoftforfraudandnegligence（过失）,

demandingover$9mindamagesandclaimingthatthecompanyactednegligentlybyfailingto

warnhimofthedangerthathewouldbecome“addicted”tothegame.

B）Butdoesitmakentotalkofaddictiontoonlineactivity?Mental-healthspecialists

saythreeonlinebehaviorscanbecomeproblematicformanypeople:videogames,pornography

（色情作品）reisfarlessagreementabout

whetheranyofthisshouldbecalled“Interneotrahdodwictiontreatit.”—

C）Somemental-healthspecialistswanted“Internetaddiction”tobeincludedinthefifth

versionofpsychiatry?sbible,the“DiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorders”,

knownasDSM-V,whichiscurrentlybeingoverhauled（全面修订）.TheAmericanMedical

Associationendord（赞成）theideain2007,onlytobacktrack（放弃）

AmericanJournalofPsychiatrycalledInternetaddictiona“commondisorder”andsupportedits

artheDSM-Vdraftinggroupmadeitsdecision:Internetaddictionwouldnot

beincludedasa“behavioraladdictionlygamblingmadethecut—butitsaidfurtherstudy

”—

wasnecessary.

D）2000,Joph

Walther,acommunicationsprofessoratMichiganStateUniversity,co-wroteanarticleinwhichhe

suggested,tongueincheek,thatthecriteriaudtocallsomeoneanInternetaddictmightalso

showthatmostprofessorswere“addicted”toacademia（学术活动）.Hearguedthatother

factors,suchasdepression,dsbythatviewtoday.“Noscientific

evidencehamergedtosuggestthatInternetuisacauratherthanaconquenceofsome

othersortofissue,”hesays.“FocusingonandtreatingpeonpelteafdodricIntioenr,ratherthan

lookingforunderlyingclinicalissues,isdefinitelyunwi.”

E）Othersdisagree.“Thatwouldbewrong,”saysKimberlyYoung,arearcherand

iststhattheInternet,withits

powerfullyimmersiveenvironments,createsnewproblemsthatpeoplemustlearntonavigate（应

对）.Otherwi,thechanginglifestylewillaffectthedevelopmentofthesociety.

F）uthKorea,wherewidespread

broadbandmeansthattheaveragehigh-schoolstudentplaysvideogamesfor23hourachweek.

In2007thegovernmentestimatedthataround210,000childrenneededtreatmentforInternet

2010newspapersaroundtheglobecarriedthestoryofaSouthKoreancouplewho

dofcaringforthechild,the

couplespentmostnightsatanInternetcafé,sinkinghoursintoarole-playinggameinwhichthey

raid,eralSouthKoreanmenhavediedfrom

exhaustionaftermarathon,multi-daygamingssions.

G）TheSouthKoreangovernmenthassinceaskedgamedeveloperstoadoptagaming

curfew（宵禁）forchildren,ame

time,ithasalsoopenedmorethan100clinicsforInternetaddictionandsponsoredan“Internet

rescuecamp”forriouscas.

H）Butcompulsivebehaviourisnotlimitedtogamers.E-mailorweb-ubehaviourscan

gthroughabusinesslunchinwhichnoonepullsoutaphone

e（泛滥）of

lf-helpbooks,mostrecently“AloneTogether”bySherryTurkle,asocialscientistatthe

MassachuttsInstituteofTechnology,offeradviceonhowtounplug（去除障碍）.

I）Pornographyishardlynew,either,buttheInternetmakesaccessingitmucheasierthanever

methingcanbesummonedinaninstantviabroadband,whetheritisagameworld,

ane-mailinboxorpornographicmaterial,vicesleadtonew

lineauctionsitesfirstbecamepopular,talkof“eBayaddictions”oon

ayswomencomplaintohernowaboutaddictiontoFacebook—orevento

“FarmVille”,agameplayableonlywithinFacebook.

J）Treatment

2006Amsterdam?sSmith&Jonesfacilitybilleditlfas“thefirstand,currently,theonly

residentialvideo-gametreatmentprogramintheworld”.InAmericathereSTARTInternet

AddictionRecoveryProgramclaimstotreatInternetaddiction,gamingaddiction,andeven

“textingaddiction”.InChina,meanwhile,military-style“bootcamps”arethepreferredway

totreatInternetproblems.

K）iaMillikan,anAmerican

blogger,onceputit,“IfIcouldbejackedinateverywakinghouroftheday,Iwould,andIthink

alotofmypeerswoulddothesame.”BobLaRo,anInternetspecialistatMichiganState

University,doesn?earchoncollegestudents,hefoundthatmostnwhen

theyare“goingoverboardandrestorelf-control”.Lessthan1%haveapathological（病态的）

problem,tpeople,Internetu“isjustahabit—andonethatbringsuspleasure.

ingtoJophWalther,itisunwitoemphasizethetreatmentofInternetaddiction

insteadofekingforpotentialclinicalissues.

negamesbecomepopular,treatmentcentreshavesprungupallovertheworld.

layingonlinegamescontinuouslyfordays,veralSouthKoreanmenwereexhausted

todeath.

oodsuedNCsoftandclaimedahugecompensationforfraudanditsnegligenceof

warninghimofthedangerofgameaddiction.

hKorea,agamingcurfewforchildrenwasadoptedtopreventchildrenplayingafter

midnight.

etaddictionstillneedstobefurtherstudiedthoughtheDSM-Vdidnotcategorizeitas

a“behavioraladdiction”.

rnetspecialistfoundthatmostcollegestudentscouldrealizewhentheyaregoingtoo

farandrestorelf-control.

ingtomental-healthspecialists,formanypeople,videogames,pornographyand

messagingviae-mailandsocialnetworkscanbecomeproblematiconlinebehaviors.

regarditasasmallmiracleifnobodytakesoutaphonetoreadthemessagesata

businesslunch.

lyYounginsiststhatpeoplemustlearntodealwithnewproblemsbroughtaboutby

theInternet.

SectionC

Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

heless,theskillet（长柄平底煎锅）isaboutour

woodcuttersandotherngagedin

activelaborrequiring4,000caloriesperdayormorewilltakeapproximatelyone-thirdoftheir

,eggs,andFrenchtoastcookedinthiswayarervedin

ntlytheconsumersarenotbetwithmoresignsofindigestion

thanafflictedbythowhoinsistuponbroiling,roasting,arsagooneofour

mostdthatthepan

varietyw

latter,however,dissolvedwithinthealimentarytract（消化道）morereadilythantheboiledtype.

Furthermore,helearned,bywatchingtheprogressofthecontentsofthestomachbymeansofthe

fluoroscope（荧光检查仪）,thisisquite

incontrastwith“authority”.Volumeshavebeenwrittenonnutrition,andeverywherethedictum

（权威意见）hasbeenaccepted—llgosofaras

thenanexpertwillbeboldenoughtoadmitthat

heusthemhimlf,theabnceofdiscomfortbeingexplainedonthegroundthatheposssa

powerfulgastric（胃的）fcoursizzleperfectlygoodarticlestodeathsothat

roughheating,intheprenceofshortening,isnotthe

shesstimulateratherthanretardcontractionsofthe

isthatbile（胆汁）mixeswiththenutrimentshortlyafteritleavesthe

stomach.

Wedon?tneedtoallowourfoodstuffstobecomeoilsoaked,butotherthanthat,thereemstobe

firstcondemnationprobablyrobecauan“oracle”（圣贤）sufferedfromdyspepsia（消

化不良）agreed

withhim,iefisnow

ldhavebeenrefutedlongsince,axperiencehas

demonstrateditsfalsity.

ssagefocuson______.

A）whytheskilletisahandypieceofkitchenequipment

B）thedigestibilityoffriedfoods

C）howtheexpertscanmisleadthepublicintheareaoffoodpreparation

D）whyfriedfoodshavelongbeenfrownedupon

engagedinactivelaboreatfriedfoodsbecau______.

A）theyarehealthfulC）theycanbeeasilydigested

B）theyaremuchcheaperD）theycanprovidethecaloriestheworkersneed

horimpliesthatthepublicshould______.

A）preparesomefoodsbyfryingC）fryfoodsforadultsbutnotforchildren

B）avoidfriedfoodsifpossibleD）prepareallfoodsbyfrying

eauthorsaysthat“an,oracle?sufferedfromdyspepsiawhichheascribedtosome

frieditemonthemenu”heisbeing______.

A）gratefulB）factualC）sarcasticD）humorous

sagewasprobablytakenfrom______.

A）amedicaljournalC）aspeechatamedicalconvention

B）apublicationaddresdtothegeneralpublicD）anadvertimentfor

cookingoil

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Inthecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury,manycountriesoftheSouth（发展中国家）beganto

gentlyneededsupplies

ofhighlytrainedpersonneltoimplementaconceptofdevelopmentbadonmodernization.

Butmanyofthestudentsdecidedtostayoninthedevelopedcountrieswhentheyhadfinished

ametime,manyprofessionalswhodidreturnhomebutnolongerfeltatea

therealsodecidedtogobacktothecountrieswheretheyhadstudied.

Inthe1960s,someLatinAmericancountriestriedtosolvethisproblembyttingupspecial

“return”rogramsreceived

supportfrominternationalbodiessuchastheInternationalOrganizationforMigration,whichin

1974enabledover1,600qualifiedscientistsandtechnicianstoreturntoLatinAmerica.

Inthe1980sand1990s,“temporaryreturn”programsweretupinordertomakethebestu

oftraveritothe

UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram?sTransferofKnowledgethroughExpatriate（移居国外

的）Nationals,whichencouragestechniciansandscientiststoworkintheirowncountriesfor

braindrain（人才流失）fromthecountriesmaywellincreain

respontothenewlawsoftheinternationalmarketinknowledge.

Recentstudiesforecastthatthemostdevelopedcountriesaregoingtoneedmoreandmorehighly

qualifiedprofessionalsaroundtwiceasmanyastheireducationalsystemswillbeabletoproduce,

ultthereisanurgentneedfordevelopingcountrieswhichndstudents

abroadtogivepreferencetofieldswheretheyneedcompetentpeopletogivemuscletotheirown

institutions,insteadofencouragingthetrainingofpeoplewhomaynotcomebackbecauthere

countriesoftheSouthmustnotbecontentwith

institutionalstructuresthatsimplytakebackprofessionalsntabroad,theymustintroduce

donotdothis,thebrain

drainisboundtocontinue.

fthefollowingisNOTcorrectaccordingtothepassage?

A）Thedevelopingcountriesbelievethatndingstudentstotheindustrializedcountriesis

agoodwaytomeettheirownneedsformodernization.

B）TheSouthAmericancountrieshavebeenndingstudentstodevelopedcountriessince

the1920s.

C）Manypeopletrainedabroadremaininthedevelopedcountriesinsteadofcomingback

torvetheirhomecountries.

D）TheInternationalOrganizationforMigrationsuccessfullyhelpedmorethan1,600

professionalstoreturntotheirowncountriesinasingleyear.

fthefollowingisNOToneofthereasonswhythedevelopingcountriesarelosing

theirbrainpower?

A）Manyprofessionalsdidnotfeelcomfortableintheirhomecountriesaftertheyreturned

home.

B）“Temporaryreturn”programncouragedprofessionalstoworkintheirhome

countriesforshortperiods.

C）Thenewlawsoftheinternationalmarketencourageknowledgetransfer.

D）Theprofessionalsfromthedevelopingcountrieshavebeentrainedinfieldswherethey

couldnotapplytheirknowledgetothebestadvantageintheirhomecountries.

uthor?sopinion,thedevelopingcountriesshould______.

A）keeptheirprentadministrativeproceduressoastoensurethattheirstudentsreturn

aftergraduation

B）cooperatemoreeffectivelywithinternationalorganizations

C）tupmorereturnprogramsundertheguidanceoftheUN

D）ndstudentsabroadinthefieldswheretheirknowledgeismorelikelytobemadefull

uofintheirowncountries

ingtothepassage,theproblemofthedevelopingcountrieswillcontinue______.

A）aslongasthedevelopedcountriesneedmorequalifiedprofessionalsthantheycan

educatedomestically

B）aslongasthedevelopingcountriesarecontentwiththeirprentinstitutionalstructures

C）unlessthocountriesstopndinglargenumberofstudentstobetrainedabroad

D）iftheirgovernmentsfailtomakeadministrativeadjustmentsconcerningthereturn

proceduresoftheirprofessionals

ttitleforthepassageis______.

A）TheBrainDrainoftheDevelopingCountriesC）TheTalentsfromtheDeveloping

Countries

B）KnowledgeTransferD）TheFailureofDevelopmentPrograms

PartIVTranslation（30minutes）

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineinto

uldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

孔子（公元前551～公元前479），中国历史上伟大的教育家、思想家和政治家，儒家思

想（Confucianism）的创始人。他创办私学，招收并教育弟子（disciple），创立了以“仁”

为核心的道德学说。相传他有弟子三千，曾带领部分弟子周游列国。孔子的言论及其与弟

子们的对话被汇集编纂成《论语》（TheAnalectsofConfucius），千古传诵。自汉代以后，儒

家思想成为两千多年来中华传统文化的主流，影响极为深远。