nuisance

A:1acquittal宣告无罪

Thelegalcertification,verdictthatanaccudpersonisnotguiltyofthecharged

offen.

ity法源

Alegalwritingtakenasdefinitiveordecisive,ialoradministrativedecisioncitedas

aprecedent.

3ALIamericanlawinstitute美国法学会

Anorganizationoflawyers,judges,andlegalscholarswhopromoteaonsistencyand

sincplificationofamericanlawbypublishingrestatement,aswellaspromotingcontinuinglegal

education.

4,.articleofincorporation公司章程

Adocumentthattforththebasictermsofacorporation'xistence,includingthenumberand

classofsharesandthepurposanddurationsofthecorporation.

C:

allaw刑法

Thebodyoflawdefiningoffensagainstthecommunityatlargeregulatinghowsuspectsare

investigated,chargedandtriedandestablishingpunishmentforconvictedoffenders.

犯罪

Asocialharmthatthelawmakespunishable,thebreachofalegaldutytreatedasthe

subject-matterofacriminalproceeding.

alprocedure刑事诉讼程序

Therulesgoverningthemechanismsunderwhichcrimesareinvestigated,procuted，

adjudicated,andpunishment.

ights民权

Theindividualrightsofpersonallibertybybillofrightsand13th,14th,15thand19th

amendment,aswellasbylegislationsuchasthevotingrightact.

-rightsact民权法案

Oneofveralfederalstatutenactedafterthecivilwarandmuchlaterduringandafter

civil-rightsmovementsofthe1950sand1960s,andintendedtoimplementandgivefurtherforce

itingdiscriminationinemployment,

andeducationonthebasisofrace,x,religion,colororrage.

ction民事诉讼

Anactionbroughttoenforceredressorprotectaprivateorcivilrights,anon-criminallitigation.

ct合同

Anagreementbetweentwoormorepartiescreatingobligationsthatareenforcebleorotherwi

recognizableatlaw.

ityproperty共同财产权

Propertyownedincommonbyhusbandandwifeasaresultofitshavingbeenacquiredthe

marriagebymeansotherthananinheritanceoragifttoonespou,eachspouholdinga

one-halfinterestsintheproperty.

ation公司

Anentityhavingauthorityunderlawtoactasasinglepersondistinctfromtheshareholderswho

ownitandhavingrightstoissuestockandexistindefinitely

D:

s损害赔偿金

Moneyclaimedby,ororderedtobepaidto,apersonascompensationtorlossorinjury.

care注意义务

Intorts,italsotermedduty,alegalrelationshiparisingfromastandardofcare,theviolationof

whichsubjectstheactortoliability.

neofresipsaloquacious不言自明原则

Thedoctrineprovidingthatinsomecircumstance,themereactsofanaccidentsoccurrence

raisaninferenceofnegligencrsoastoestablishaprimefacieca.

or董事长

Apersonappointedorelectedtositonaboardthatmanagesthataffairsofacorporationor

companybyelectinganderercisingcontroloveritsofficers.

E:

ualEmploymentOpportunityCommission平等工作机会委员会

Afederalagencycreatedundercivilrightsactof1964totheenddiscriminationemployment

practiceandtopromotenondiscriminatoryemploymentprograms.

nt通行权地役权

Aninterestinlandownedbyanotherperson,consistingintherighttouorcontraltheland,or

anareaaboveorbelowit,foraspecificlimitedpurpo.

F:

欺诈

ractlaw,theunconsciontiousuofthepowerarisingoutof

thepartiesrelativepositionsandresultinginanunconscionablebargain.

osure丧失赎回权

Alegalproceedingtoterminateamortgagor'sinterestinproperty,institutedbythelender,either

togaintitleortoforceasaleinordertosatisfytheunpaiddebtcuredbytheproperty.

lantitrustact联邦反托拉斯法

Thebodyoflawdesignedtoprotecttradeandcommencefromrestrains,monopolieprice-fixing

andpricediscrimination.

ation合同落空

Thedoctrinethatiftheentireperformanceofacontractbecomesfundamentallychanged

withoutanyfaultbyeitherparty,thecontractisconsideredterminatedforce.

I:

tydefen以精神病作辩护

Anaffirmativedefenallegingthatamentaldisordercaudtocommitthecrime

onment监禁incarceration

orprocessofconfiningsomeone.

J:

陪审团

Agroupofpersonslectedaccordingtolawandgiventhepowertodecidequestionsofactand

returnaverdictinthecasubmittedtothem.

-venturecorporation合营公司

Acorporationthathasjoinedwithoneormoreindividualsorcorporationtoaccomplishmore

specifiedproject.

M,N,O:

.manslaughter非预谋杀人过失杀人

Theunlawfulkillingofhumanbeingwithoutmaliceandaforethought.

mistake重大误解

Thesituationinwhichthepartiestoacontractdidnotmeanthingorwhenoneorboth,while

meaningthesamething,formeduntrueconclusionsaboutthesubjectmatterofthecontractasa

resultofwhichthecontractmayberenderedvoid.

misreprentation虚假陈述

eintendtodeceive.

mislaidproperty错置财产

Propertythathasbeenvoluntarilyrelinquishedbytheownerwithanintendtorecoveritlater

butthatcannotnowbefound.

nuisance妨害行为

Aconditionorsituationthatinterfereswiththeuorenjoymentofpropertyliabilitymightor

mightnotarifromtheconditionorsituation.

ordinance法令

Anauthoritativelawordecree,palgovernmentscanpass

ordinancesonmattersthatthestategovernmentsallowstoberegulatedatthelocallevel.

ownership所有权

Thecllectionofrightsallowingonetou,posssandenjoyproperty,includingtherightsto

conveyittoothers.

S:

lf-defen正当防卫

Theuofforcetoprotectonelf,one'sfamily,orone'spropertyfromarealorthreatened

llyspeakingapersonisjustifiedinusingareasonableamountofforcein

lf-defenifheorshebelievethatthedangerorbodilyharm.

sanction制裁punishment

Apenalltyorcoercivemeasurethatresultsfromfailuretocomplywithalaw,rule,ororder.

ntence宣判

Thejudgementthatacourtformallypronouncesafterfindingacriminaldefendantguiltythe

punishmentimpodonacriminalwrongdoer.

summaryjudgement简易审判

Ajudgementgrantedonaclaimaboutwhichthereisnogenuineissueofmaterialfactandupon

whichthemoionintitledtoprevailasamatteroflaw.

condaryauthority次要法源

Authoritythatexplainthelawbutdoesnotitlfestablishit,suchasatreati,annotationor

law-viewarticle.

staredecisis遵循先例原则

Latintostandbythingsdecidedthedoctrineofprecedent,underwhichitisnecessaryforacount

tofollowearlierjudicialdecisionwhenthesamepointsariagaininlitigation.

subsidiarycorporation子公司

Acorporationinwhichaparentcorporationhasacontrollingshare.

shellcorporation空壳公司

onlyinnameasavehicleforanother

company'sbusinessoperations.

shareholder股东

Onewhoownsorholdsashareinacompany,rmedshareowneror

stockholder.

curity证券

Aninstrumentthatevidencestheholdersownershiprightsinafirm,theholder'screditor

relationshipwithafirmorgovernmentortheotherrights.

curityandexchangecommission证券交易委员会

Thefederalagencytheregulatestheissuanceandtradingofcuritiesinanefforttoprotect

investoragainstfraudulentorunfairpractices.

curityexchangeactof1934证券交易条例

Thefederallawregulatingthepublictradingofcurities,whichprovidesfortheregistrationand

supervisionofcuritiexchangesandbrokersandregulatesproxysolicitations.

P:

provocation挑衅刺激

Somethingthatarousangeroranimoityinanotherthatpersontorespondintheheatof

passion.

primaryauthority首要法源

Authoritythatissuesdirectlyfromalawmakingbody,legisationandthereportsoflitegated

cas.

persuasiveauthority劝导性法源

Authoritythatcarriessomeweightbutisnotbindingonacourt.

pledge保证，抵押

Abailmentorotherdepositofpersonalpropertytoacreditorascurityforadebtorobligation.

parentcorporation母公司

hownershipof

morethanone-halfthevotingstock.

partnership合伙企业

Avoluntaryassociationoftwoormorepersonswhojoinlyownandcarryonabusinessfor

profit.

quantummeruit无合同约定时的合理给付

Thereasonablevalueofrvicesdamagesawardedinanamount,considerdedreasonableto

compensateapersonwhohasrenderedrvicesinaquasi-contractualrelationship.

R:

restatement重述

Oneofveralinfluentialtreatis,publishedbyamericanlawinstitute,describingthelawina

givenareaandguidingitsdevelopment.

remedy救济

Themeansofenforcingarightorpreventingorreaddressingawronglegalorequitablerelief.

realproperty不动产

Landandanythinggrowingon,attachedtoorerectonit,excludinganythingthatmaybe

veredwithoutinjurytotheland.

T:.

tort侵权

Acivilwrongforwhicharemedymaybeobtained,ormofdamages,abreachofduty

thatthelawimpooneveryoneinthesamerelationtooneanotherasthoinvolvedinagiven

transaction.

tortfeasor侵权行为者

Onewhocommitsatort,awrongdoer

U:

.UCC:uniformcommercialcode统一商法典

Auniformlawthatgrovenscommercialtransaction,includingsalesofgoods,cured

transaction,andnegotiableinstrument.

uniformpartnershipact统一合伙条例

Amodelcodepromulgatedin1914tobringuniformitytostatelawsgoverninggeneraland

limitedpartnerships.

warranty担保

Acovenantbywhichthegrantorindeedpromistocuretothegranteetheestateconveyedin

thedeed,andpledgestocompensatethegranteewithotherlandifthegranteeivictedby

someonehavingbettertitle.