中考考点十六:宾语从句
中考资讯导航:宾语从句主要考查语序、时态及连接词。
一、概念;宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。宾语从句应用
注意事项:1.时态一致2.人称一致3.陈述语气4.标点随主句
二、可接宾语从句的动词
say、tell、think、know、e、hear、hope、guess、find、feel等,或由形容词构成的系
表结构,如:afraid、sure、glad、sorry等
三、宾语从句的标点符号。
宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句,如果主句是陈述句,句尾用句号;如果主句是疑问句,句尾用
问号。
四、引导词。
1、that(从句是陈述句时,引导词用that,它本身无词义,不充当成分,在口语中可省略,但
在正式场合不可省。)
2、if或whether(从句是一般疑问句时用if或whether,含义是“是否”。)
if、whether一般情况下可以互换,但在构成whether…ornot句式只用whether
3、连接代词、连接副词(从句是特殊疑问句时用)
连接代词(what、which、who、who)连接副词(when、where、how、why)
1.考查宾语从句的语序:
宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。即“主语+谓语+……
Doyouknowwhen__________?
ttrainwillleave
注:若从句时疑问句,但语序不变的有:
1).who在从句中作主语。Canyoutellme_________?(谁将来这儿)
2).what’swrong/thematter?Heaskedwhatwasthematterwithme.
3).whathappenedIdon’tknowwhathappenedyesterday.
4).whichisthewayto….?Canyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepark?
2.考查宾语从句的引导词
1).若宾语从句时陈述句时,引导词用that且that可省掉。
Shesaid“I’mgaldtoeyou”=Shesaid________________galdtoeme.
2).宾语从句时一般疑问句时,引导词用if或whether.一般情况下if/whether可互换,但后有ornot
/or、动词不定式或介词的后面时,只能用whether.
Hesakedme“AreyougoingtoWuhan?”=Heaskedme________________goingtoWuhan.
I’mthinkingabout______togothere.
3).宾语从句时特殊疑问句时,引导词用特殊疑问词。
Doyouknow________?I’mnotsure,Maybeheisabusinessman.
eshedo
4).若宾语从句时肯定祈使句时,就改为ask/tellsbtodosth.若为否定祈使句,就改为ask/tellsbnotto
sth.
“Don’topenthedoor”Theteachersaid.=Theteachertoldme____________thedoor.
3.宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
Canyoutellme_________?Heisadoctor.
she
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过
去将来时,过去完成时)。
Heasked____________.
mewasit
Hetoldmethathe______forthesportsmeet.
pared
注:1)如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。
OurteachersaidthatJanuary_____(be)thefirstmonthoftheyear.
Ourteachersaidthattheearth___(go)aroundthesun.
2).若主句为couldyou…..?表示请求客气的语气,从句的时态仍然不变。
Couldyoutellme_______?
shedoing
hedoing
/when引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。从句的时态的确定。
ifWhetherWhen
条件/时间/让
步状语从句
如果、假如
无论
尽管
当…的时候
宾语从句是否是否什么时候
Canyouguessifthey___toplayfootballwithus?Ithinktheywillcomeifthey____free.
,me,me,,willbe
Canyoutellmewhenhe____heretomorrow?Whenhe_____here,pleacallme.
,me,me,,willcome
5.宾语从句的简化:
1).宾语从句是陈述句时,且主、从句的主语一致,可简化为“动词+todosth”.
__________youagain.
2).宾语从句是疑问句时,且主、从句的主语一致,或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为“疑问
词+todosth”.
’’tknow_____________next.
outellmehowIcangetthere?Couldyoutellme_____________there?
dn’dn’tdecide___________________.
3).hear/e/find+that+从句,可改为“hear/e/find+sb(要用宾格)+doingsth”.
thattheyweresinginginthenextroom.=Iheard__________inthenextroom.
dthatshewasplayingwiththecatunderthetree.
Wefound__________withthecatunderthetree.
宾语从句用法
【速记口诀】
宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句
时态向前移。三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
()1.---DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup________nextweek?
---________,Iwillringyou.
,,gin,gin,begins
()2.---Todayortomorrow?---Whatareyoutalkingabout?
---Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.
()r_________.
elives
()4.---Areyousureyouhaveto?It'sbeenverylate.---Idon'tknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.
()5.---Wouldyoupleatellme_________?---InasmallvillagenearNingbo.
ourmotherwasborn
urmotherwasborn
()tographwillshowyou________.
rvillagelookslike
villagelookslike
()7.---Wheredoeshecomefrom?---Pardon?---Iaskedwhere_________.
comefrom
()dered__________.
hhepaidforthecomputer
hdidhespendonthecomputer
()9.---Doyouknow________?---I'eisabusinessman.
eshedo
()cheraskedthestudents________.
sAlbertEinsteinborn
ytreestheyhaveplanted
()outellme_______?
sthematterwithyou
’’sthewrongwithyou.
()dme_______Icouldsingthesong“MyHeartwillGoOn.”
()chertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.
()n’tknow_______theirparentsare.
()e_______yousaidistrue.
()mantoldus_______and________.
at,doit,howtodoit
do,do,howtodo
各地中考宾语从句汇编:
()1.—TheDragonBoatracesaresoexciting,butourboatisstillbehind.
—Don’e_______ourteamwillwin!
./
()2.—We’now_____wewillgoforthepicnic?
—Howaboutridingbikes?Itmustbefun.
()3.—WhatdidJanesaytoyoulastnight?—Sheaskedme.
ldgotoherparty
ldIgotoherparty
()4.–MrWang,couldyoutellmehowlong_________themagazines?–Atmosttendays.
ep
()5.—So,canyoutellme______heretoday?
—Well,IwaswalkingdownCentreStreetwhenaUFOlanded.
usaw
()6.—Jack,couldyoutellme_____fortravellingthissummer?
—WeplantogoandethebeautifulainHainan.
lyourfamilygo
illyourfamilygo
()7.—Dad,canyoutellme______totheamumentpark?—Thedayaftertomorrow.
dwego
()8.—Excume,couldyoupleatellme______?—’sabouttenminutes’walk.
itisfromheretothezoo
isitfromheretothezoo
()r______.
liketogothere
’uwatchthematch
()nowwhenshe______?
ing
()11.—Excume,couldyoupleatellme________?—Yes,thereisahistorymuum.
reanygoodmuumsinKunming
eareanygoodmuumsinKunming
()12.—Doyouknow_________?—Thisafternoon.
illthepolicemangiveusatalk
hepolicemanwillgiveusatalk
()13.—It’writethereporttomorrow?
—ButIdon’tknow______Icandoitifnotnow.
()14.—Couldyoutellme_____yuanxiaoinchina?—UsuallyatLanternFestival.
pleear
()anttoknow_______.
andotopreventit
nwedotopreventit
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