1/17
中文菜谱常见翻译方法
中餐菜谱不容易翻译,原因是中国人的饮食文化比较发达,对菜名特别讲究。菜单翻译的核心内容是菜用什么原料做成,
因为外国人在餐桌上最关心的是吃什么东西。其次要讲清楚的是菜的用料,刀法和烹调方法。由此可见,要译好菜谱,就
必须知道一些主要的用料,刀法,烹调方法与某些准备步骤,希望下面的英文翻译对诸位在翻译公司工作的同行有所帮助:
1.常见的用料
鸡chicken鸭duck鹅goo鱼类fish肉类meat猪肉pork牛肉beef小
牛肉veal羊肉mutton小羊肉lamb牛尾oxtail里脊fillet排骨spareribs腰子
kidney肚子tripe肝liver舌tongue下水offals蹄子trotter胗gizzard鸡什
giblets鹿肉venison鸡脯chickenbreast甲鱼turtle海味afood虾
shrimp干贝scallop螃蟹crab鱿鱼squid海蛰jellyfish黄鳝finless
eel海螺whelk野味game兔rabbit鸽pigeon鹌鹑quail龙虾lobster牡
蛎oyster田螺snail田鸡frog蛇snake腌肉bacon香肠sausage火
腿ham熊掌bear’spaw鱼翅shark’sfin燕窝bird’snest
2.煮前的准备工作
去骨boning例如,去骨鸭掌打鳞scaling例如,去鳞鱼scaledfish
剥/去皮skinning例如,去皮田鸡skinnedfrogs
脱壳shelling例如,虾仁shelledshrimps
腌制pickling例如,咸酸菜pickledvegetables
3.常用刀法与用料形状
(1)常用刀法
切片slice切丝shred切丁dice切柳fillet切碎mince捣烂mash酿入
stuff
(2)常用用料形状
2/17
肉/鱼片slicedmeat/fish或meat/fishslices肉丝shreddedmeat或pork
shreds肉/鸡丁dicedpork/chicken或meat/chickencubes肉末mincedmeat
肉丸meatballs肉馅meatfilling
4.中餐菜单翻译法
(1)直译法。英译时把对应的制作方法译出来,再以该菜的主要原料为中心词。
如:炖牛肉StewedBeef
(2)直译加注法。英译时直接按中文菜名译出其意,然后再补充说明其内在含义。
如:
狮子头Lion’sHead——PorkMeatBalls
全家福HappyFamily——Abinationofshrimps,pork,beef,chicken,lobsterand
mixedvegetableswithbrownsauce
(3)意译法。此法可分为三种情况:
1)原料+with+作料。以原料为中心词,有时捎带把烹调法也译出,再加上用介词with或
in与作料构成的短语即可。如:
海米白菜ChineCabbagewithDriedShrimps
鱼香肉丝ShreddedPorkwithGarlicSauce
2)作料+原料。即把作料用作修饰语,放在中心词原料的前面。如:
咖喱牛肉CurryBeef古老肉Sweet&SourPork
3)以“实”对“虚”法。即舍去中菜名里的喻义,夸X等说法而用平直,明白的英语译出。
如:
发财好市BlackMossCookedwithOysters
彩凤喜迎春BakedChickenandFriedQuailEggs
蚂蚁上树VermicelliwithSpicyMincedPork
3/17
龙虎凤大烩ThickSoupofSnake,CatandChicken
4)“移花接木”法。借用西方人熟悉并了解的欧洲菜名或主食名来译部分中菜名与少数主
食,因为它们之间有许多相似之处。译文地道,通俗易懂,能收到事半功倍的效果。如:
烤排骨BarbecuedSpareRibs饺子Chine-styleRavioli
5)音译加释义法。先按中文用拼音译出,然后再加以解释性的英译,使英译文保留点“中国
味”。
如:包子Baozi——StuffedBun馒头Mantou——SteamedBread
6)“随机应变”法:原料+地名+Style。应用此法可以灵活地处理一些难以对付的地方风味特
色菜名。英译出原料名后,再稍加“点拨”就可以大功告成。如:
XX龙虾LobsterCantoneStyle麻婆豆腐BeanCurdSichuanStyle
5.中餐常见的烹调方法
中菜的烹调方法至少有50多种,但大体不离:煮(boiling),煲/炖(stewing),烧/焖
/烩(braising),煎(frying),炒(stir-frying),爆(quick-frying),炸(deep-frying),
扒(fryingandsimmering),煸(sauteing),煨(simmering),熏(smoking),烤
(roasting/barbecuing),烘(baking),蒸(steaming),白灼(scalding)等基本方
法。
煮boiled.如“煮咸牛肉”(BoiledCornedBeef)
煲/炖stewed.如“清炖牛尾”(StewedOxTailinClearSoup)
烧braid.如“红烧牛蹄”(BraidOxTrottersinBrownSauce)
煎(pan-)fried.如“煎明虾”(FriedPrawns)
炒stir-fried如“炒鸡丁”(Stir-FriedChickenDices)
爆quick-fried.如“葱爆羊肉”(Quick-friedlambwithScallioninGingerSauce)
炸deep-fried.如“炸大虾”(Deep-friedprawns)
4/17
扒friedandsimmered.如“虾子扒海参”(FriedandSimmeredSeaCucumber
withShrimpsRoe)
煸sauted.如“干煸鳝鱼”(SautedEelSlices)
煨simmered.如“煨牛肉”(SimmeredBeef)
焖braid如“黄酒焖猪排”(Braidporkchopsinricewine)
烩braid如“烩鸡丝”(Braidchickenshredswithpeas)
熏smoked如“熏鱼”(SmokedFish)
烘baked如“烘鸽”(BakedPigeon)
蒸steamed如“蒸鲜鱼”(SteamedFreshFish)
酱/醋marinated如“酱鸡”(MarinatedChicken)
卤spicy;stewedingravy如“卤鸭”(SpicyDuck)
涮instant-boiled如“涮羊肉”(Instant-BoiledMuttonSlices)
酿stuffed如“酿青椒”(StuffedGreenPepper)
烤roast;barbecued如“烤鹅”(RoastGoo)
清蒸steamed(inclearsoup)如“清蒸桂鱼”(SteamedMandarinFish)
清炖stewedinclearsoup如“清炖甲鱼”(StewedTurtleinClearSoup)
白灼/微煮scalded如“白灼海虾”(ScaldedPrawns)
红烧braidinbrownsauce如“红烧蹄筋”(BraidPorkTendoninBrown
Sauce)
干烧inpeppersauce如“干烧干贝”(ScallopinPepperSauce)
麻辣withhotpepper如“麻辣豆腐”(BeanCurdwithHotPepper/SpiceBean
Curd)
酱爆inbeansauce如“酱爆肉丁”(DicedPorkinBeanSauce)
5/17
鱼香in(spicy)garlicsauce如“鱼香肉丝”(ShreddedPorkinGarlicSauce)
糖醋withsweetandsoursauce如“糖醋排骨”(SpareribswithSweetandSour
Sauce)
宫保withchiliandpeanuts如“宫保鸡丁”(DicedChickenwithChiliand
Peanuts)
脆皮crisp(inspicysauce)如“脆皮鱼”(CrispFish)
香酥crispfried如“香酥鸡”(CrispFriedChicken)
焦熘friedinsauce如“焦熘鱼片”(FriedFishSlicesinSauce)
甜酸sweetandsour如“甜酸肉”(Sweet&SourPork)
胡辣withpepperandchili如“胡辣海参”(SeaSlugwithPepperandChili)
油淋drip-friedwithoil如“油淋兔”(Drip-FriedRabbitwithoil)
干煸dry-sauteed如“干煸季豆”(Dry-sauteedStringBeans)
盐水boiledinsaltwater如“盐水虾”(BoiledShrimpsinSaltWater)
家常homestyle如“家常豆腐”(BeanCurdHomeStyle)
陈皮withspicyorangepeel如“陈皮鸡”(ChickeninSpicyOrangePeel)
回锅double-sauteed如“回锅肉”(Double-sauteedPorkSlices)
五香spiced如“五香牛肉”(SpicedBeef)
干炸drydeep-fried如“干炸羊肉”(DryDeep-friedLambBreast)
软炸softdeep-fried如“软炸里脊”(Soft-friedPorkFillet)
酥炸crispdeep-fried如“酥炸羊脯”(CrispFriedLambBreast)
串烤skewered如“串烤羊肉青椒”(SkeweredMuttonwithGreenPepper)
铁扒grilled如“铁扒乳鸽”(GrilledBabyPigeon)
烧烤roast如“烤乳猪”(RoastSucklingPig)
6/17
砂锅incasrole如“砂锅鱼翅”(Shark’sFininCasrole)
锅巴withsizzling/crispyricecrust如“锅巴海参”(SeaSlugwithSizzling/
CrispyRiceCrust)
芙蓉witheggwhite如“芙蓉海参”(SeaCucumberswithEggwhite)
麻酱withsamepaste如“麻酱海参”(Beche-de-merwithSesamePaste)
三鲜withtwootherdelicacies如“三鲜海参”(SeaCucumberswithOtherTwo
Delicacies)
醋溜indistilledgrainssauce如“醋溜鸡片”(SlicedChickeninDistilledGrains
Sauce)
凉拌insoysauce如“凉拌海蛰”(JellyfishinSoySauce)
酸辣hotandsour如“酸辣黄瓜”(HotandSourCucumber)
姜汁ingingersauce如“姜汁扁豆”(SnapBeansinGingerSauce)
蚝油inoystersauce如“蚝油香菇”(MushroomsinOysterSauce)
蒜泥withmashedgarlic如“蒜泥胡豆”(BroadBeanswithMashedGarlic)
什锦mixed;assorted如“什锦丝冬粉”(AssortedShredswithVermicelli)
茄汁intomatosauce如“茄汁鸡脯”(ChickenBreastinTomatoSauce)
咖喱withcurry如“咖喱牛肉”(FriedBeefwithyCurry)
八宝(stuffed)witheightdelicacies如“八XX”(ChickenStuffedwithEight
Delicacies)
葱爆quick-friedwithscallioningingersauce如“葱爆羊肉”(Quick-friedLamb
withScallioninGingerSauce)
粉蒸steamedinriceflour如“粉蒸牛肉”(SteamedBeefinRiceFlour)
奶油increamsauce如“奶油鱼肚”(FriedFishMawinCreamSauce)
7/17
木犀withscrambledeggsandfungus如“木犀肉”(FriedPorkwithScrambled
EggsandFungus)
醉liquor-prerved如“醉蟹”(Liquor-prervedCrabs)
辣味inchilisauce如“辣味烩虾”(BraidPrawnsinRiceWine)
豆豉inblackbeansauce如“豆豉桂鱼”(MandarinFishinBlackBeanSauce)
黄焖braidinricewine如“黄焖大虾”(BraidPrawnsinRiceWine)
椒盐withpepperandsalt如“椒盐排骨”(SpareRibswithPepperandSalt)
怪味multi-flavored如“怪味鸡”(Multi-flavoredChicken)
西餐(WesternFood)
头盘与沙拉类
1腌熏三文鱼
SmokedSalmon
2腌三文鱼
MarinatedSalmonwithLemonandCapers
3凯撒沙拉
CaesarSalad
4鲜蘑鸡肝批
ChickenLiverTerrinewithMorels
5奶酪瓤蟹盖
BakedStuffedCrabShell
6鲜果海鲜沙拉
SeafoodSaladwithFreshFruit
7厨师沙拉
Chef'sSalad
8金枪鱼沙拉
TunaFishSalad
9尼斯沙拉
SaladNicoi
汤类
10奶油蘑菇汤
CreamofMushroomSoup
11奶油胡萝卜汤
CreamofCarrotSoup
12奶油芦笋汤
CreamofAsparagusSoup
13番茄浓汤
TraditionalTomatoSoup
14海鲜周打汤
8/17
SeafoodChowder
15法式洋葱汤
FrenchOnionSoup
16牛肉清汤
BeefConsommé
17匈牙利浓汤
HungarianBeefGoulash
18香浓牛尾汤
OxtailSoup
19意大利蔬菜汤
MinestroneSoup
20蔬菜干豆汤
HeartyLentilSoup
21牛油梨冻汤
ChilledAvocadoSoup
22西班牙番茄冻汤
Gazpacho
禽类
23红酒鹅肝
BraidGooLiverinRedWine
24奶酪火腿鸡排
ChickenCordonBleu
25烧瓤春鸡卷
GrilledStuffedChickenRolls
26红酒烩鸡
BraidChickenwithRedWine
27烤鸡胸酿奶酪蘑菇馅
BakedChickenBreastStuffedwithMushroomsandChee
28炸培根鸡肉卷
Deep-FriedChickenandBaconRolls
29水波鸡胸配意式香醋汁
PoachedChickenBreastwithBalsamicSauce
30烤火鸡配红浆果少司
RoastTurkeywithCranberrySauce
31烤瓤火鸡
RoastStuffedTurkey
32烧烤鸡腿
BarbecuedChickenLeg
33烤柠檬鸡腿配炸薯条
RoastedLemonMarinadeChickenLegwithFrenchFries
34扒鸡胸
Char-GrilledChickenBreast
35咖喱鸡
ChickenCurry
36秘制鸭胸配黑菌炒土豆
Pan-friedDuckBreastwithSautéedPotatoesandTruffles
9/17
牛肉类
37红烩牛肉
StewedBeef
38白烩小牛肉
FricasedVeal
39
牛里脊扒配黑椒少司
GrilledBeefTenderloinwithBlackPepperSauce
40扒肉眼牛排
GrilledBeefRib-EyeSteak
41西冷牛排配红酒少司
RoastBeefSirloinSteakwithRedWineSauce
42T骨牛扒
T-BoneSteak
43烤牛肉
RoastBeef
44罗西尼牛柳配苯酒汁
BeefTenderloinandGooLiverwithTruffleandPortWineSauce
45青椒汁牛柳
BeefTenderloinSteakwithGreenPeppercornSauce
46铁板西冷牛扒
SizzlingSirloinSteak
47香煎奥斯卡仔牛排
Pan-friedVealSteakOscarwithHollandaiSauce
48咖喱牛肉
BeefCurry
49威灵顿牛柳
FilletSteakWellington
50俄式牛柳丝
BeefStroganoff
51烩牛舌
BraidOx-Tongue
52红烩牛膝
OssoBucco
53黑胡椒鹿柳配野蘑菇和芹菜烤面皮
VenisonFilletBlackPepperCoatwithWildMushroomandCeleryBrick
猪肉类
54烧烤排骨
BarbecuedSpareRibs
55烟熏蜜汁肋排
SmokedSpareRibswithHoney
56意大利米兰猪排
PorkPiccatta
57瓤馅猪肉卷配黄桃汁
StuffedPokeRouladeWithYellowPeachSauce
58煎面包肠香草汁
10/17
Pan-friedSwissMeatLoafwithPestoSauce
59炸猪排
Deep-FriedPorkChop
羊肉类
60扒羊排
GrilledLambChop
61扒新西兰羊排
GrilledNewZealandLambChop
62烤羊排配奶酪和红酒汁
RoastLambChopwithCheeandRedWineSauce
63羊肉串
LambKebabs
64烤羊腿
RoastedMuttonLeg
鱼和海鲜类
65海鲜串
SeafoodKebabs
66扒金枪鱼
GrilledTunaSteak
67扒挪威三文鱼排
GrilledNorwegianSalmonFillet
68三文鱼扒配青柠黄油
GrilledSalmonwithLimeButter
69比目鱼柳和扇贝配红酒核桃汁
BraidSolefillet&SeaScallopswithRedWineandWalnuts
70煎比目鱼
Pan-friedWholeSole
71烤三文鱼柳配香草汁和黑橄榄酱
RoastedSalmonFilletWithPestoBlackOlivePurée
72烤三文鱼排意大利宽面和藏红花汁
RoastedSalmonSteakWithTagliatelle&SaffronSauce
73煎红加吉鱼排
GrilledRedSnapperFillet
74黄油柠檬汁扒鱼柳
GrilledFishFilletinLemonButterSauce
75扒大虾
GrillekingPrawns
76蒜茸大虾
GrilledKingPrawnswithGarlicHerbButter
77巴黎黄油烤龙虾
BakedLobsterwithGarlicButter
78奶酪汁龙虾
GratinatedLobsterinMornaySauce
79香炸西班牙鱿鱼圈
Deep-FriedSquidRings
80荷兰汁青口贝
11/17
GratinatedMuslsHollandaiSauce
蛋类
81火腿煎蛋
FriedEggswithHam
82洛林乳蛋饼
QuicheLorraine
83熘糊蛋
ScrambledEggs
面、粉与配菜类
84海鲜通心粉
MacaroniwithSeafood
85海鲜意粉
SpaghettiwithSeafood
86意大利奶酪千层饼
CheeLasagna
87什莱奶酪比萨饼
PizzaVegetarian
88海鲜比萨
SeafoodPizza
89烤牛肉蘑菇比萨
RoastBeefandMushroomPizza
90肉酱意大利粉
SpaghettiBolognai
91意大利奶酪馄饨
CheeRavioliinHerbedCreamSauce
92咖喱海鲜炒饭
Stir-FriedSeafoodRicewithCurry
93红花饭
SaffronRice
94阿拉伯蔬菜黄米饭
CouscouswithVegetables
95西班牙海鲜饭
Paella
96牛肉汉堡包
BeefBurger
97鸡肉汉堡包
ChickenBurger
98美式热狗
AmericanHotDog
99俱乐部三文治
ClubSandwich
100金枪鱼三文治
TunaFishSandwich
101烤牛肉三文治
RoastedBeefSandwich
12/17
102健康三文治
HealthySandwich
103烟熏三文鱼
SmokedSalmon
104土豆泥
MashedPotatoes
105里昂那土豆
LyonnaiPotatoes
106公爵夫人土豆
DuchesPotatoes
107烩红椰菜
BraidRedCabbagewithApple
甜品
西点类
108黑森林蛋糕
BlackForestCake
109英式水果蛋糕
EnglishFruitCake
110草莓奶酪蛋糕
StrawberryCheeCake
111草莓蛋糕
StrawberryCake
112蓝莓奶酪蛋糕
BlueberryCheeCake
113美式奶酪蛋糕
AmericanCheeCake
114绿茶奶酪蛋糕
GreenTeaCheeCake
115意大利提拉米苏
ItalianTiramisu
116XX石奶酪蛋糕
MarbleCheeCake
117咖啡奶酪蛋糕
CoffeeCheeCake
118红莓松糕
CranberryMuffin
119干果派
MixedNutsPie
120蓝莓松糕
BlueberryMuffin
121琳泽蛋糕
LinzerCake
122芒果木司蛋糕
MangoMousCake
123苹果派
13/17
ApplePie
124草莓酥条
StrawberryNapoleonSliced
125巧克力榛子蛋糕
ChocolateHazelnutCake
126巧克力木司
ChocolateMous
127水果脆皮酥盒
PuffPastrywithFruits
128维也纳巧克力蛋糕
SacherCake
129热情果木司
PassionMous
130杏仁多纳圈
AlmondDonuts
131牛奶巧克力多纳圈
MilkChocolateDonuts
132鲜水果配沙巴洋
FruitwithSabayon
133水果蛋挞
FreshFruitTart
134白巧克力奶油布丁
WhiteChocolateBrulee
135绿茶布丁
GreenTeaPudding
136芒果布丁
MangoPudding
137热枣布丁
WarmStickyDatePudding
138香草布丁
VanillaPudding
139焦糖布丁
CreamCaramel/CaramelCustard
140果仁布朗尼
WalnutBrownies
141咖啡剧本蛋糕
CoffeeOperaSlice
饼干与其它
142手指饼
LadyFinger
143蝴蝶酥
ButterflyCracker
144巧克力曲奇
ChocolateCookies
145爆米花(甜/咸)
Popcorn(Sweet/Salt)
14/17
146香草冰淇淋
VanillaIceCream
147巧克力冰淇淋
ChocolateIceCream
148草莓冰淇淋
StrawberryIceCream
149绿茶冰淇淋
GreenTeaIceCream
150冰霜
Sherbets
151冰糖莲子银耳羹
CandiedLotusSeed&WhiteFungusSoup
152草莓奶昔
StrawberryMilkShake
153巧克力奶昔
ChocolateMilkShake
154咖啡奶昔
CoffeeMilkShake
面包类
155水果丹麦
FruitDanish
156牛角包
Croissant
157袋子包
PitaBreadPlain
158农夫包
FarmerBread
159洋葱包
OnionLoaf
160全麦包
WholeWheatBread
161软包
SoftRoll
162硬包
HardRoll
163长法棍
FrenchBaguette
吐司面包
Toast
中国小吃英文表达
中式早點
15/17
烧饼Clayovenrolls
油条Friedbreadstick
韭菜盒Friedleekdumplings
水饺Boileddumplings
蒸饺Steameddumplings
馒头Steamedbuns
割包Steamedsandwich
饭团Riceandvegetableroll
蛋饼Eggcakes
皮蛋100-yearegg
咸鸭蛋Saltedduckegg
豆浆Soybeanmilk
饭类
稀饭Riceporridge
白饭Plainwhiterice
油饭Glutinousoilrice
糯米饭Glutinousrice
卤肉饭Braidporkrice
蛋炒饭Friedricewithegg
地瓜粥Sweetpotatocongee
面类
馄饨面Wonton&noodles
刀削面Slicednoodles
麻辣面Spicyhotnoodles
麻酱面Sesamepastenoodles
鴨肉面Duckwithnoodles
鱔魚面Eelnoodles
乌龙面Seafoodnoodles
榨菜肉丝面Pork,pickledmustardgreennoodles
牡蛎细面Oysterthinnoodles
板条Flatnoodles
米粉Ricenoodles
炒米粉Friedricenoodles
冬粉Greenbeannoodle
汤类
鱼丸汤Fishballsoup
貢丸汤Meatballsoup
蛋花汤Egg&vegetablesoup
蛤蜊汤Clamssoup
牡蛎汤Oystersoup
紫菜汤Seaweedsoup
16/17
酸辣汤Sweet&soursoup
馄饨汤Wontonsoup
猪肠汤Porkintestinesoup
肉羹汤Porkthicksoup
鱿鱼汤Squidsoup
花枝羹Squidthicksoup
甜点
爱玉Vegetariangelatin
糖葫芦Tomatoesonsticks
长寿桃LongevityPeaches
芝麻球Glutinousricesameballs
麻花Hempflowers
双胞胎Horhooves
冰类
绵绵冰Meinmeinice
麦角冰Oatmealice
地瓜冰Sweetpotatoice
紅豆牛奶冰Redbeanwithmilkice
八宝冰Eighttreasuresice
豆花Tofupudding
果汁
甘蔗汁Sugarcanejuice
酸梅汁Plumjuice
杨桃汁Starfruitjuice
青草茶Herbjuice
点心
牡蛎煎Oysteromelet
臭豆腐Stinkytofu(Smellytofu)
油豆腐Oilybeancurd
麻辣豆腐Spicyhotbeancurd
虾片Prawncracker
虾球Shrimpballs
春卷Springrolls
蛋卷Chickenrolls
碗糕Saltyricepudding
筒仔米糕Ricetubepudding
红豆糕Redbeancake
绿豆糕Beanpastecake
糯米糕Glutinousricecakes
萝卜糕Friedwhiteradishpatty
芋头糕Tarocake
肉圆TaiwaneMeatballs
水晶饺Pyramiddumplings
17/17
肉丸Rice-meatdumplings
豆干Driedtofu
其他
当归鸭Angelicaduck
槟榔Betelnut
火锅Hotpot
本文发布于:2022-11-24 15:47:17,感谢您对本站的认可!
本文链接:http://www.wtabcd.cn/fanwen/fan/90/12753.html
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系,我们将在24小时内删除。
留言与评论(共有 0 条评论) |