常见动词过去式过去分词的变
化规则
常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一、规则变化:
1.一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked,work—worked
2.以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved,dance—danced
3.以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried,study—studied
4.以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结
尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped,
permit—permitted
注:A.以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双
不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美)/travelled(英)。
B.特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked(交易,在…
通行)另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)
C.读音与说明:
①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]:helped,liked,finished,fetched,stopped,clapped
②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]:believed,changed,planned,preferred,followed,
stayed
③.-ed在[t]、[d]后发音为[id]:wanted,needed,admitted,permitted
二、不规则动词(IrregularVerbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法:
1.以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:
put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beatread—readmust--must
2.以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:
build—built,lend—lent,nd—nt,spend—spent
3.以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:
mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt
4.以ow/aw结尾的词,把ow/aw变成ew。如:
blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grewthrow—threw(动词show除外,
show—showed)
5.含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—felt,smell—smeltsweep—swept
6.含有元音字母o/i的词,将o/i变成a。如:
come—camebecome—becamesing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,drink—drank
7.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
8.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
9.动词原形中的e改为o,如:get—got,forget—forgot
10.动词原形中的ee改为e,如:feed—fed,meet—met
11.动词原形中的eak改为oke,如:break—broke,speak—spoke
12.动词原形中的ell改为old,如:ll—sold,tell—told
13.动词原形中的an改为oo,如:stand—stood,understand—understood
14.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
15.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕,say〔i〕—said〔d〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
16.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,find—found,
fly—flew,go—went,have/has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may
—might,run—ran,e—saw,take—took
新人教版初中英语不规则动词归类记忆表
一、AAA型:动词原形与过去式、过去分词一样(原形→原形→原形)
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
readreadread读
cutcutcut切,割
letletlet让
putputput放
costcostcost花费,值
hithithit撞,击
ttt安排,安置
hurthurthurt使…伤痛
二、ABA型:动词原形与过去分词一样(原形→过去式→原形)
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
becomebecamebecome成为
comecamecome来
runranrun跑
三、ABC型:动词原形与过去式、过去分词都不一样
→ew→own
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
blowblewblown吹
drawdrewdrawn画
growgrewgrown生长
knowknewknown知道
flyflewflown飞
2.i→a→u
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
beginbeganbegun开始
drinkdrankdrunk喝
singsangsung唱
swimswamswum游泳
ringrangrung打电话
3.原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
wearworeworn穿
forgetforgotforgotten忘记
speakspokespoken说
freezefrozefrozen冻
choochochon选择
4.原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
eatateeaten吃
forbidforbadeforbidden禁止
givegavegiven给
rideroderidden骑
esawen看见
writewrotewritten写
fallfellfallen落下
5.无规律
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
am/iswasbeen是
arewerebeen是
dodiddone做
gowentgone走
taketooktaken拿
四、ABB型
1.原形→ought→ought
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
bringbroughtbrought带来
buyboughtbought买
fightfoughtfought打架
thinkthoughtthought思考
2.原形→aught→aught
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
catchcaughtcaught捉,抓
teachtaughttaught教
3.变其中一个元音字母
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
feedfedfed喂
meetmetmet遇见
getgotgot得到
holdheldheld拥有
babysitbabysatbabysat临时照看
sitsatsat坐
winwonwon赢
findfoundfound发现
4.原形→□lt→□lt
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
feelfeltfelt感到
keepkeptkept保持
leaveleftleft离开
sleepsleptslept睡
sweepsweptswept扫
5.变其中一个辅音字母
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
buildbuiltbuilt建造
hearheardheard听见
makemademade制造
meanmeantmeant意思
ndntnt送,寄
spendspentspent花费
dealdealtdealt处理
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
havehadhad有,吃
laylainlain放
lolostlost丢失
paypaidpaid付钱
saysaidsaid说
llsoldsold卖
telltoldtold告诉
standstoodstood站
五、AAB型
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
beatbeatbeaten打败
六、有两种形式
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
bear
boreborn
生
boreborne
hang
hangedhanged吊死
hunghung挂
learn
learnedlearned
学
learntlearnt
lie
liedlied说谎
laylain躺
show
showedshowed
给…看
showedshown
spell
spelledspelled
拼写
speltspelt
burn
burnedburned
烧
burntburnt
smell
smelledsmelled
闻
smeltsmelt
shine
shinedshined
照耀
shoneshone
dream
dreameddreamed
做梦
dreamtdreamt
wake
wakedwaked
醒
wokewoken
hide
hidhid
躲藏
hidhidden
七、情态动词
原形过去式过去分词汉语意思
cancould∕能
maymight∕也许
must∕∕必须
shallshould∕将要
willwould∕会
初中英语不规则动词表(二)
原形过去式过去分词
汉语意
思
原形过去式
过去分
词
汉语意
思
am/iswasbeen
是
laylainlain
放
arewerebeen
是
learnlearnedlearned
学
babysitbabysatbabysat
临时照
看
learnlearntlearnt
学
bearboreborn
生
leaveleftleft
离开
bearboreborne
生
lendlentlent
把…借
给
beatbeatbeaten
打败
letletlet
让
becomebecamebecome
成为
lieliedlied
说谎
beginbeganbegun
开始
lielaylain
躺
blowblewblown
吹
lolostlost
丢失
bringbroughtbrought
带来
makemademade
制造
buildbuiltbuilt
建造
maymight
∕也许
burnburnedburned
烧
meanmeantmeant
意思
burnburntburnt
烧
meetmetmet
遇见
buyboughtbought
买
must
∕∕必须
cancould
∕能
paypaidpaid
付钱
catchcaughtcaught
捉,抓
putputput
放
choochochon
选择
readreadread
读
comecamecome
来
rideroderidden
骑
costcostcost
花费,
值
ringrangrung
打电话
cutcutcut
切,割
runranrun
跑
dealdealtdealt
处理
saysaidsaid
说
digdugdug
挖
esawen
看见
dodiddone
做
llsoldsold
卖
drawdrewdrawn
画
ndntnt
送,寄
dreamdreameddreamed
做梦
ttt
安排,安
置
dreamdreamtdreamt
做梦
shallshould
∕将要
drinkdrankdrunk
喝
shineshinedshined
照耀
drivedrovedriven
驾驶
shineshoneshone
照耀
eatateeaten
吃
showshowedshowed
给…看
fallfellfallen
落下
showshowedshown
给…看
feedfedfed
喂
singsangsung
唱
feelfeltfelt
感到
sitsatsat
坐
fightfoughtfought
打架
sleepsleptslept
睡
findfoundfound
发现
smellsmelledsmelled
闻
flyflewflown
飞
smellsmeltsmelt
闻
forbidforbadeforbidden
禁止
speakspokespoken
说
forgetforgotforgotten
忘记
spellspelledspelled
拼写
freezefrozefrozen
冻
spellspeltspelt
拼写
getgotgot
得到
spendspentspent
花费
givegavegiven
给
standstoodstood
站
gowentgone
走
sweepsweptswept
扫
growgrewgrown
生长
swimswamswum
游泳
hanghangedhanged
吊死
taketooktaken
拿
hanghunghung
挂
teachtaughttaught
教
havehadhad
有,吃
telltoldtold
告诉
hearheardheard
听见
thinkthoughtthought
思考
hidehidhid
躲藏
wakewakedwaked
醒
hidehidhidden
躲藏
wakewokewoken
醒
hithithit
撞,击
wearworeworn
穿
holdheldheld
拥有
willwould
∕会
hurthurthurt
使…伤
痛
winwonwon
赢
keepkeptkept
保持
writewrotewritten
写
knowknewknown
知道
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