2012年6月英语四级听力

XX年6月英语四级听力ctionC原文

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Contrarytotheoldwarningthattimewaitsfornoone,

slows

downmoreasyoumovefaster,whichmeansastronauts

somedaymaysurvivesolonginspacethatthewouldreturn

ouldmoveatthe

speedoflight,186,282milesacond,yourtimewould

ouldmovefasterthanlight,yourtime

wouldmovebackward.

Althoughnoformofmatteryetdiscoveredmovesasfast

orfasterthanlight,scientificexperimentshaveconfirmed

thataeleratedmotioncausavoyager's,ortraveler's,

Einsteinpredictedthisin

1905,whenheintroducedtheconceptofrelativetimeas

partofhisSpecialTheoryofRelativity.

Aarchisnowunderwaytoconfirmthesuspected

existenceofparticlesofmatterthatmovefasterthan

lightandthereforepossiblymightrveasourpassports

tothepast.

Anobssionwithtime-saving,gaining,wasting,losing,

andmasteringit-emstohavebeenpartofhumanityforas

tyalsohasbeen

obsdwithtryingtocapturethemeaningoftime.

Einsteinudadefinitionoftime,forexperimental

purpos,asthatwhichismeasuredbyaclock.

Thus,timeandtime'srelativityaremeasurablebyany

sundial,hourglass,metronome,alarmclock,oranatomic

clockthatcanmeasureabillionthofacond.

Scientistshavedemonstratedthatanordinaryairplane

1972,forexample,scientistswhotookfouratomicclocks

onanairplanetriparoundtheworlddiscoveredthatthe

movingclocksmovedslightlyslowerthanatomicclocks

lyaroundthe

world,preferablygoingeastwardtogaintheadvantageof

theaddedmotionoftheEarth'srotation,theatomicclocks

showthatyou'llbeyoungerbyonly40billionthsofa

chaninfinitesimalsavingoftimeproves

er,atomicclockshave

demonstratedthatthestretchingoftimeincreaswith

speed.

Hereisanexamplesofwhatyoucanexpectif

tomorrow'sspace-flighttechnologyenablesyoutomoveat

eyou'reanastronautwithatwin

ravelbackandforthtothenearest

staratabouthalfthespeedoflight,you'llbegonefor

ureturn,yourtwinwillbe18years

older,butyou'dywill

betwoyearsyoungerthanyourtwin'sbecautimeaboard

theflyingspaceshipwillhavemovedmoreslowlythantime

lhaveagednormally,butyouhavebeenin

spaceshipmovesatabout

90%.tspeed,you'llageonly50%asmuchas

hizalongat99.86%oflightspeed,

you'xamplesof

time-stretching,ofcour,cannotbetestedwithany

ebadonmathematical

projectionsofrelativityscience.

Speedisnottheonlyfactorthatslowstime;sodoes

indeterminedinhisGeneralTheoryof

Relativitythattheforceofanobject'sgravity"curves"

thespaceintheobject'avity

curvesspace,Einsteinreasoned,gravityalsomustcurve

time,becauspaceandtimearlinked.

Numerousatomicclockexperimentshaveconfirmed

Einstein'scalculationthatthecloryouaretothe

Earth'scenterofgravity,whichistheEarth'score,the

ftheexperiments,anatomic

clockwastakenfromtheNationalBureauofStandardsin

Washington,D.C.,nearalevel,andmovedtomile-high

ultsdemonstratedthatpeopleinDenverage

morerapidlybyatinyamountthanpeopleinWashington.

Ifyouwouldlikegravity'sspace-timewarptoextend

yourlife,getahomeatthebeachandajobasadeep-a

ivinginthemountainsorworkingina

vice,liketheadviceaboutflying

aroundtheworld,willenableyoutoslowyouragingby

heless,thotiny

fractionsofacondadduptomoreproofthattime-

stretchingisareality.

Aordingtoscientificskeptics,timereversal―travel

tothepast―forhumanswouldmeananunthinkablereversal

ofcauandeffect.

Thisreversalwouldpermityoutodosomethinginthe

pticsworrythatyou

evenmightmitanactthatpreventsyourownbirth.

Somescientistsbelieveweshouldkeepanopenmind

abouttimereversal..-mindersspeculatethat

time-travelerswhochangethepastwouldbeopeningdoors

toalternativehistories,ratherthaninterferingwith

mple,ifyoupreventedthe

assassinationofAbrahamLincoln,thenanewlineof

ernative

history―theonewithoutLincoln'sassassination―would

haveapletelyparate,,nochange

wouldbemadeinanybody'r

possibilityisthatnaturemighthaveanunbreakablelaw

preventingtimetravelersfromchangingthepast.

Ifwediddiscoverasourceofenergythatwouldenable

ustotravelbeyondlightspeed,wemighthaveaessnotonly

tothepast,eyouwentona

super-lightspeedtrektotheSpiralNebulaintheAndromeda

cationisparatedfromEarthby1,500,000

lightyears,thedistancelighttravelsin1,500,000years.

allgoeswell,you'llreturntotheEarth3,000,000years

intoitsfuture,becauthat'showmuchEarthtimewill

haveelapd.

rwords,itcannotbe

en,touched,smelled,stohaveno

existenceapartfromtheeventsitmeasures,butsomething

tellsusthattimeisoutthere,somewhere."Whenwepursue

themeaningoftime,"aordingthetime-obsdEnglish

ly,"Wearelikeaknighton

aquest,condemnedtowanderthroughinnumerableforests,

bewilderedandbaffled,becauthemagicbeastheis

lookingforisthehorheisriding."

Whataboutourquestforparticlesthattravelfaster

thanlight?Ifwefindthem,willwebeabletocontrol

theirenergytotourthepast?Ifwefindthem,willwebe

abletocontroltheiroutmistakesandsufferthesame

conquences?Orwillwebeabletouourexperienceto

makeeverythingturnoutbetterthecondtimearound?

Willweeverbeabletotakeinstanttripstothe

distantfuture,thewaypeopledointhemovies,witha

twistofadialanda"Zap!,Zap!"ofsoundeffects?

Onecannotresistthetemptationtorespondthatonly

timewilltell.