朱莉娅 吉拉德

OverasEnglish海外英语2014年01月

语言学研究

本栏目责任编辑：谢媛媛

以语料库驱动方法描述澳大利亚前总理吉拉德的演讲的短语概况

彭汪鑫

（韩山师范学院外语系，广东潮州521041）

摘要：该文旨在利用语言软件ConcGram

©

描述澳大利亚前总理朱莉娅·吉拉德演讲语料库的短语概况。该语料库共有

115924字。作者通过ConcGram©

生成一个高频率短语表（两个单词组成的短语），从中选取频率最高的前三个短语作为研

究对象，分析其组成变化，从而识别其词义转移单元和潜在变化。

关键词：措辞；语料库；公开演讲；茱莉娅·吉拉德

中图分类号：H0文献标识码：A文章编号：1009-5039(2014)02-0227-07

DescribingthePhraologicalProfileoftheCorpusofFormerAustralianPrimeMinisterJuliaGillard’sPublicSpeech⁃

eswithaCorpus-drivenApproach

PENGWang-xin

(ForeignLanguagesDepartment,HanshanNormalUniversity,Chaozhou521041,China)

Abstract:Thispaper,employingthelinguisticsoftwareConcGram©,isaimedtodescribethephraologicalprofileofthecorpus

offormerAustralianPrimeMinisterJuliaGillard’at,withawordcountof115,924,issubjectedto

ConcGram©togeneratea2-wordconcgramlist,fromwhichthetopthree2-wordlexicalconcgramswithvariationinconfigu⁃

rationareanalyzedfortheidentificationoftheirmeaning-shiftunitsandpotentialvariations.

Keywords:Phraology;Corpus;PublicSpeeches;JuliaGillard

1LiteratureReview

Phraology,atermudtodescribethetendencyforspeak⁃

ersandwriterstoco-lectwordsformeaningmaking(Chenget

al.,2008),hasplayedacentralroleinalllanguageu(Sinclairet

al,1970).Sinclair’s(1987,p.320)“idiomprinciple”claimsthatwordsareco-lectbyspeakersandwriterstoproduceunitsof

ribephraology,wehavetoidentifythe“mean⁃

ing-shiftunit”(MSU)(Sinclair,2007a,2007b),atermpreferredby

Sinclairto“lexicalitem”.Sinclair(2007a,2007b)udtheterm

MSUtostressthatwordsareco-lectedandmeaningshiftsbe⁃

tweendifferentco-lectionsinsteadofbetweendifferentwords.

Sinclair(2004)alsosuggestsamodelof5co-lectioncategories

forthedescriptionofalexicalitem,e(obligatory),⁃

manticprosody(obligatory),manticpreference(optional),colloca⁃

tion(optional),andcolligation(optional).Thecoreisinvariably

prentinthelexicalitem,and“constitutestheevidenceoftheoc⁃

currenceoftheitemasawhole”(Sinclair,2004,p.141).Semantic

prosodydeterminesthemeaningofthelexicalitemandshows

“howtherestoftheitemistobeinterpretedfunctionally”(Sin⁃clair,2004,p.141).Collocationis“theco-occurrenceofwords

withnomorethanfourinterveningwords”(Sinclair,2004,p.141).

Colligationisthe“co-occurrenceofgrammaticalchoice”(Sinclair,

2004,p.141).Semanticpreferenceisthe“restrictionofregularco-

occurrencetoitemswhichshareamanticfeature”(Sinclair,

2004,p.142).Sinclair(2004)alsostatedthatthespeakerorwriter

makeshischoiceofmanticprosodywhichthenfunctionsasthe

drivingforceforhisfurtherlectionofthelexicalcoreandtheoth⁃

(2006,p.325)appliedthis

modeltothedescriptionof“theextendedmeaningsoflexicalcohe⁃

sion”inaSARScorpusanddemonstratedthatpatternsofco-lec⁃

tionprovidedafullpictureoftextualandintertextualcoherence.

Toexplorethephraologicaltendencyandunderstandthe

“idiomprinciple”(Sinclair,1987,p.320),Chengetal.(2008)pro⁃podalinguisticsoftwarenamedConGram©.Bygeneratingalist

ofconcgrams,whichrefertoinstancesofco-occurringwordsirre⁃

spectiveofconstituencyvariationandpositionalorder,linguists

canidentifytheco-lectionpatternswhichconstituteMSUs

(Chengetal.,2008).Concgramnablesrearcherstoexamine

theextentofphraologyinacorpus-drivenwayinthattheidenti⁃

ficationofconcgramsattheverybeginningisdonedefinitelyauto⁃

matically(Chengetal.,2008).Asoppodtoacorpus-badstudy

whichisconductedbylectingexamplestoquantifyoneormore

pre-conceivedtheories,acorpus-drivenstudyrequiresthere⁃

archerstoassumeonlytheexistenceofwords,minimizetheiras⁃

sumptionsaboutthelinguisticcategoriesutilizedfortheanalysis,

andmaketheoreticalstatementonthebasisofcorpuvidence

收稿日期：2013-10-07修回日期：2013-11-03

ISSN1009-5039

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语言学研究

(Biber,2009).Byautomaticallygeneratingaconcgramlist,this

studyadoptsacorpus-drivenapproachtoexplorethephraologi⁃

calvariationsinthecorpusofformerAustralianPrimeMinisterJu⁃

liaGillard’sspeechesanddepictthecumulativeeffectsoftheco-

(2006,p.378)

arguedthatananalysisofpresident’sspeechesgivesusinsightsin⁃

to“howthepresidentviewsandwantshispeopletoviewtheeco⁃

nomic,politicalandsocialissues”ofthecontemporarysociety.

Hence,itisbelievedthattheprentstudywillnotonlyshedlight

onthephraologicalprofileofthecorpusoftheformerprimemin⁃

ister’sspeeches,butalsohelprevealthepoliticalideologyofAus⁃

tralia.

2Methodology

2.1Datacollectionmethod

The115,924-wordcorpus,extractedfromthegovernment

websitePRIMEMINISTEROFAUSTRALIA,compristhetran⁃

scriptsof62speechesdeliveredbyformerAustralianPrimeMinis⁃

terJuliaGillardfromJuly6,2010toApril26,at

consistsofavarietyofpublicspeechessuchastheformerprime

minister’saddresstotheparliament,herremarkstosomeopen⁃

ingceremonies,andhercondolencetopeopleafflictedbynatural

gthofthespeechesrangesfrom163wordsto

3974words.

2.2Dataanalysismethod

ConcGram©wasudtogeneratealistof2-wordconcgrams

ostfrequentlyoccurring2-wordlexical

concgrams,thispaperanalyzedonlythetop3withvariationincon⁃

cgramsformingfixedprop⁃

ernouns,suchas“Prime/Minister”,“per/cent”,“Mr/Abbott”,and

“New/Zealand”,econcor⁃dancelinesinwhichalltheconcgramconfigurationsandfrequen⁃

ciesaremarked,theauthorindentifiedthecanonicalform,thevari⁃

antforms,enceisdefinedas

thedegreeofvariationinformandmeaningwithreferencetothe

canonicalform(Chengetal.,2008).Atthesummarypartforeach

concgram,theauthorpinpointedthemeaning-shiftunit(Sinclair,

2007a,2007b)anditsfivecategoriesofco-lection(Sinclair,

2004).FormoredetailsregardingtheprocedureofusingConc⁃

Gram©,plearefertoChengetal.(2006).

3FindingsandDiscussion

Thetop3mostfrequentlyoccurring2-wordlexicalconc⁃

gramswithvariationinconfigurationareastable1.

3.1“Carbon/Price”

Thesixofthe52instancesof“Carbon/Price”,prentedin

Figure1,areexcludedfromtheanalysis,asCARBONDand

PRICEformtwoparatetextualincidents.

1)ThefirstpositionalvariantCARBON/PRICE(29times)

Thereare29instancesofthepositionalvariantCARBON/

PRICE,whichshowonlyoneconfigurationofconstituencyvaria⁃

tionprentedbelow:

CARBONPRICE(29times)

Withthehighestfrequencyofoccurrence,CARBONPRICE

PRICE,asanounphra,ismostlyprecededbyadeterminer(27

times)toformthephra“acarbonprice”.Spokeninassociation

withwords/phrassuchafficient,significantadvantages,certain⁃

ty,committedtointroduce,couldmakeadifferencestraightaway,andmydeterminationtodeliver,thenounphraisgivenaman⁃

ticprosodyof“abeneficialpolicywhichoughttobedelivered”.In

fact,environmentalpollutionhasbeenthefocusoftheAustralian

peopleandtheCarbonTradingPolicyhelpedtheformerPrime

MinisterKevinRuddtowinthe2007election(Wikipedia,2011).

LaterthefailureofRuddtointroducetheCarbonPollutionReduc⁃

tionSchemervedasagreatopportunityforJuliaGillardtoper⁃

formherdutyasPrimeMinister(Wikipedia,2011).Sinceherinau⁃

guration,JuliaGillardhasdevotedherlfintotheintroductionof

theCarbonPricePolicyandhasudthesloganof“puttingaprice

oncarbon”towinthepeople’ssupport(Wikipedia,2011).

2)ThecondpositionalvariantPRICE/CARBON(17times)

Thereare17instancesofthepositionalvariantPRICE/CAR⁃

BONandtwoconfigurationsofdifferentconstituencyvariations:

①PRICE*CARBON(12times)

②PRICECARBON(5times)

PRICE*CARBONinallinstancesisprecededbyadetermin⁃

er(a)andhasapreposition(on)astheinterveningwordtoformthe

phra“apriceoncarbon”.PRICEandCARBONinthisconfigu⁃

ytheprenceofword/

phrassuchasisdeterminedto,priorities,abigcall,andmomen⁃

tousdecision,itsmanticpros⁃odyisidenticaltothatoftheca⁃

nonicalformCARBONPRICE.

Thisvariantformshowsalow

degreeofturbulenceinadher⁃

regardstheconfigurationof

PRICECARBON,PRICEfunc⁃Figure1

Concgram

“Carbon/Price”

“Hard/Work”

“Strong/Economy”

Frequency

52

52

40

Table1Thetop3high-frequency2-wordconcgramsswith

variationinconfiguration

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tionsasaverbandismostlyprecededbyapreposition(5times)to

formtheexpression“topricecarbon”.PRICECARBONillustrates

themanticprosodyofthecanonicalformCARBONPRICE

throughitsco-occurrencewithwords/phrassuchasthemosteffi⁃

cientway,thecheapestwaytodriveinvestmentandjobs,andwe

ARBONdemonstratessomedegreeofturbu⁃lenceinitsadherencetothecanonicalform.

3)Summary

Insum,onecanonicalform,PRICE,hasbeen

foundintheconcgram“Price/Carbon”.ThevariantformsPRICE*

CARBONandPRICECARBONadheretothecanonicalformwith

retherankingofthecanonicalformand

itsvariantformsfromwithzeroturbulencetowithmostturbulence:

①CARBONPRICE(canonicalform)

②PRICE*CARBON

③PRICECARBON

Thefiveco-lectioncategoriesoftheMSU“Price/Carbon”

aresummarizedasfollows.

①Core:PRICE,CARBON

②Collocation:putting(6),deliver(3),determined(2),commit⁃

ted(2),efficient(2),

determination(1),needed(1),cheapest(1),future(1),priori⁃

ties(1),momentous(1).

③Colligation:determiner,preposition

④Semanticpreference:economyandclimatechange

⑤SemanticProsody:abeneficialpolicywhichoughttobede⁃

livered

3.2“Hard/Work”

Fourofthe52instances,showninfigure2,of“Hard/Work”

areexcludedfromtheanalysis,asHARDandWORKbelongto

twoparatetextualincidents.

1)ThefirstpositionalvariantHARD/WORK(29times)

Thereare29instancesofthepositionalvariantHARD/

WORK,fromwhich2configurationsofconstituencyvariationsare

found:

①HARDWORK(28times)

②HARD*WORK(1times)

HARDWORK,withthehighestfrequencyofprence,isre⁃

nphra,

HARDWORKispreceded

byapreposition16times,a

determiner12times,anda

verb/verbalphra5times.

Itsmanticprosodyisob⁃

rvedtobe“avaluable

meritleadingtoa

betterfuture”,asre⁃

vealedbytheco-oc⁃

curringwords/phras⁃

essuchaswhatmat⁃

ters,believein,im⁃

portance,sharesin

thebenefitsof,goingforwardrequires,shouldberewarded,and

corpus,JuliaGillardustheemotionalin⁃volvementtopersuasionbyemployingtheironrulethathardwork

psadvocatingthatpeoplewithsuchlife

valueshouldworktogetherwithhergovernmenttocreatemoreso⁃

-instancevariantformHARD*WORK,with

theadverbhowandthepronounyouastheprecedingandinterven⁃

ingwordrespectively,adherestothecanonicalforminitsmantic

prosodybyoccurringtogetherwiththeclausuccessisdetermined

by.2)ThecondpositionalvariantWORK/HARD(6times)

Thereare6instancesofthepositionalvariantWORK/HARD,

whichprentonlyoneconfigurationofconstituencyvariation:

WORKHARD(6)

WORKHARDisprecededbytheprepositiontoin3instanc⁃

esandbyaverbalphra,aconjunction,andadeterminerrespec⁃

nctionsasaverband

aker’s

choiceofsuchexpressionsasforitsfuture,izethatopportunity,

haveto,andforourfamily,riantformexhibitssome

degreeofturbulenceinitsadherencetothecanonicalform.

3)Summary

Tosummarize,onecanonicalform,RK,is

foundintheconcgram“Hard/Work”.ThevariantformsHARD*

WORKandWORKHARDshownotmuchturbulenceinadher⁃

hethreeformsarerankedac⁃

cordingtotheirdegreeofturbulence.

①HARDWORK(canonicalform,zeroturbulence)

②HARD*WORK

③WORKHARD

Thefiveco-lectioncategoriesoftheMSUPRICE/CARBON

aresummarizedasfollows.

①Core:HARD,WORK

②Collocation:fair(8),believe(6),values(5),benefits(4),fu⁃

ture(2),reward(1),rewarding(1),strengthened(1),importance(1).

③Colligation:preposition,determiner,verbalphra

④Semanticpreference:lifevaluesandsocialbenefits

⑤SemanticProsody:avaluablemeritleadingtoabetterfuture

3.3“Strong/Economy”

Figure3

Figure2

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Fiveofthe40instancesof“Strong/Economy”,extendedinfig⁃

ure3,arenotanalyzedhereasSTRONGandECONOMYcome

fromdifferenttextualincidents.

1)ThefirstpositionalvariantSTRONG/ECONOMY(22times)

Thereare22instancesofSTRONG/ECONOMY,whichdis⁃

playthefollowingoneconfigurationofconstituencyvariation:

STRONGECONOMY(22)

STRONGECONOMY,withthehighestfrequencyofoccur⁃

rence,ecededbya

determinerinallinstancestoformthephra“a/our/thatstrong

economy”.Itsmanticprosodyisfoundtobe“anidealcondition

promidbytheformerprimeministertogainsupportfromthe

country”asshownbytheprenceofwords/phrassuchasdeliver

on,want,gettingclortothevision,sharedvision,myplanfor,op⁃

portunityforall,andesntialforanation’sfuture.2)ThecondpositionalvariantECONOMY/STRONG(13

times)

Thereare13instancesofECONOMY/STRONGandthecon⁃

stituencyvariationsareasfollows:

①ECONOMYSTRONG(7)

②ECONOMY*STRONG(5)

③ECONOMY**STRONG(1)

ECONOMYSTRONGistypicallyprecededbyaverbanda

determinertoformtheexpression“keep/keepingthe/oureconomy

strong”.Thefactthatallthe7instancesofECONOMYSTRONG

arefoundtobeinthepartsoftextwheretheformerprimeminister

ismakingsomeplansonhowshewillgovernthecountrycreatesa

man⁃

ticprosodyisalsodisplayedbythethirdvariantformECONOMY

**STRONG,ascanbetoldfromtheverbwantattheL2position

condvariant

formECONOMY*STRONG,althoughin3instancesitco-occurs

withthedisjunctivesalthoughandbut,theformerprimeminister

udsuchco-lectiontobringuptheproblemsthathidbehind

thestrongeconomyandfurthershowedherresolutiontosolve

eevariantformsadheretothecanonical

formwithnotmuchturbulence.

3)Summary

Tosumup,onecanonicalform,ECONOMY,has

beenfoundintheconcgram“Strong/Economy”.Thevariantforms

ECONOMYSTRONG,ECONOMY*STRONG,andECONOMY*

*STRONGshowsomedegreeofturbulenceinadherencetotheca⁃

hecanonicalformanditsvariantformsare

rankedinaccordancetotheirdegreeofturbulence.

①STRONGECONOMY(canonicalform,zeroturbulence)

②ECONOMYSTRONG

③ECONOMY*STRONG

④ECONOMY**STRONG

Thefivecategoriesofco-lectionoftheMSUPRICE/CAR⁃

BONaresummarizedasfollows.

①Core:STRONG,ECONOMY

②Collocation:opportunity(7),keeping(4),keep(3),advan⁃

tage(2),although(2),deliver(2),plan(2),opportunities(1),ensure

(1),ensuring(1),benefit(1),build(1)

③Colligation:determiner,verb

④Semanticpreference:economyandsocialbenefits

⑤SemanticProsody:anidealconditionpromidbythefor⁃

merprimeministertogainsupportfromthecountry

4Conclusion

Thispaperreprentsacorpus-drivenstudyidentifyingthe

phraologicalcharacterofthecorpusofformerAustralianPrime

MinisterJuliaGillard’nalyzedthetop3

mostfrequentlyoccurring2-wordlexicalconcgramswithvariation

inconfigurationtoidentifythemeaning-shiftunits(Sinclair,

2007a,2007b)oundthatforthe

concgram“Carbon/Price”,thecanonicalformCARBONPRICEex⁃

hibitsamanticprosodyof“abeneficialpolicywhichoughttobe

delivered”.ThevariantformsPRICE*CARBONandPRICECAR⁃

theconcgram“Hard/Work”,thecanonicalformHARDWORK

showsamanticprosodyof“avaluablemeritleadingtoabetter

future”.ThevariantformsHARD*WORK,WORKHARDcon⁃

⁃

gardtotheconcgram“Strong/Economy”,thecanonicalform

STRONGECONOMYdisplaysamanticprosodyof“anidealcon⁃

ditionpromidbytheformerprimeministertogainsupportfrom

thecountry”.ThevariantformsECONOMYSTRONG,ECONOMY

*STRONG,andECONOMY**STRONGrevealaslightdegreeof

dyshows

thatJuliaGillardhasbeenemployingtheCarbonPricePolicyto

winthesupportoftheAustralianpeoplewhoarehighlyconcerned

ile,shehasbeenappealing

tothepeople’ssharedvisionofastrongeconomyandtheironrule

thathardworkwillberewardedsoastoinvitingthenationtowork

,thestudyunderpinstheclaim

madebyChengetal.(2008)thattheinspectionofphraological

tendencyenhancesourunderstandingofconnectednessofwords

andintertextuality.

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2011.

Appendix:

CARBON/PRICE

1alsotacklingclimatechangebyintroducingacarbon

priceandmovingtowardmissionstrading.

2onereasonwhyIamsodeterminedtodeliveracarbon

sly,thefundamentalmotivationfor

3Obviously,thefundamentalmotivationforourcarbon

on

4Government’splanmeanswestartwithafixedcarbon

priceforatemporarytransitionalperiodaplan

ngacarbon

pricemakestheeventualadjustmentshaperand

abnceofacarbon

ersand

tcertaintyonafuturecarbon

price,businesswon'tinvestinlong-lived

8makerstounderwriteinvestmentbyinjectingacarbon

aidthatwithout

ononacarbonprice

reother

10areothersignificantadvantagestoactingonacarbon

efromthecarbonpricedelivers

11byourtradingpartnersandtheimpactsofacarbon

priceonourinternationalcompetitivenessaround

12aminingresourcerenttaxandaconnsusonacarbon

thethingswillbeconcluded

nthIcommittedtointroduceacarbon

14ThatiswhytheGovernmentiscommittedtoacarbon

energycurityandlowercarbon

15Someofthepoliciesarelesfficientthanacarbon

priceandwillnolongerbenecessary-others

nprice

couldmakeadifferencestraightaway.

kofacarbon

pricewilldistortinvestment,andleadtoprice

oneonacarbon

,ProfessorGarnautreleashis

19efficientcarbonabatementprogramsbecauthecarbon

pricewilldeliveramarketbadsolution.

20isbetweenhigherelectricitypriceswithacarbon

priceandlowerelectricitypriceswithcurrent

21savingsismydeterminationtodeliveracarbonprice.

Thereiscompleteconnsusthatthemost

22moreeconomicallyefficientpolicyofacarbonprice.I

amalsocappingsomeprogramstolimit

23Whatiscertainisthatallfundsraidbyacarbon

pricewillgotoassistinghouholds,helping

24decisionsonworkforceparticipationandacarbon

myjobandthatiswhatIwill

25-otherswillbebetterdelayeduntilacarbon

price’

26months,you’llhearalotabouttheimpactacarbon

aythis

27simpletruth:IfAustraliadoesnotadoptacarbon

pricein2011,weprobablyneverwill.

n

pricewilldriveanothersweepingtechnological

efromthecarbon

pricedeliverstransitionsupporttohouholds

30thatthemostefficientwaytoreducecarbonisto

thepoliciesare

31weneedtochangeifwearegoingtocutcarbonpollu⁃

npricecouldmakeadifference

glesfficientcarbon

abatementprogramsbecauthecarbonpricewill

33mostefficientwaytoreducecarbonistopricecarbon.

Someofthepoliciesarelesfficientthana

34toactonclimatechange,weneededtopricecarbon

andIwantedtoeanemissionstradingscheme.

35parliament,theonlywayIcouldacttopricecarbonwas

byworkingwithotherMembersofParliament,

36wenttothe2007electionpledgingtopricecarbon.

’srighttopricecarbon,the

mosteconomicallyefficientwayofreducing

veall,puttingapriceoncarbon-a

fundamentalstructuralreformassignificant

icular,puttingapriceoncarbonand

liftingparticipationintheeconomy.2011is

40theGovernmentisdeterminedtoputapriceoncarbon

12thFive-YearPlan

41realityofglobalwarmingandputtingapriceoncar⁃

ond

42ektofollowNewZealandinputtingapriceoncarbon

anoutcomethatwillnotonlyallowustomeet

43challengeofclimatechangebyputtingapriceoncarbon.

44transitionalperiodaplanthatputsapriceoncarbon

stillhaveanemissions

45cleanenergyeconomyforthefuture:apriceoncarbon.

hebiggestinthe

46butmomentousdecision:Puttingapriceoncarbon.

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Friends,apriceoncarbonisthecheapestway

47tolookatthebestwaytodeliverapriceoncarbon.

TheCommitteehelditsfirstmeetinglastmonth

48thestates,anypriceriswhichdoflowfromcarbon

pricingbringwiththemthedynamicbenefitsof

s,apriceoncarbonis

thecheapestwaytodriveinvestmentandjobs.

on

didn'tcreateanexternalitybywarmingthe

energycurityandlowercar⁃

whotriestopretendtoyou

52priceofelectricitydoesn'tincludeapriceforcarbon

rpollutionsources,likegas

HARD/WORK

reatenewwealth,rewardhard

fthathardwork

fthatafairgo

3andthenation,goingforwardrequireshardwork,

s

hhardwork

andeducation,wecandeliverastrong

ttersisthehard

workofunderstandingeachctor,lookingatthe

6retentionrates,becauIbelieveinrewardinghard

workandmakinggovernmentsandpublic

7sustainableeconomicgrowth-sothatthehardwork

ofAustraliansisrewardedandtheirfuture

veinhardwork,I

believeinthebenefitsanddignityof

9andourinterests,andwhichisstrengthenedbyhard

workanddeepenedbymutualrespect.

rdwork

andintegrity,CurtinandChifleyrebuilta

donthatday:Theimportanceofhard

work-fulfillingtheobligationyouoweto

ewebelieveinhard

work,afairgothrougheducation,andrespect.

13ofskilledAustralians,sothroughthehardwork

ofallAustralians,theGovernment'sgood

14again,sowewillgrowforthefuturewithmorehard

workofAustralians,moregooddecisionsbythe

15toolstoimprovesocialoutcomes;doingthehard

workofdesigningnewmarketsforsocial

16fortherightreasons;drivenbyourvalues-hard

work,afairgothrougheducation,respect,and

d

workisunderway,wewillmonitoreventscloly.

efitsanddignityofmakingyourown

19Now,theGovernmentisworkingtoturnthehard

workthroughthedownturnintolasting

byourvalues-hard

work,afairgothrougheducation,

21believingthatsheeroptimismandrelentlesshard

'sfirst

umbyisworkinghard

nIthinkabout

thehard

tandinga

t.

26whereeveryonesharesinthebenefitsofourhard

is,weneedastablemacroeconomy,

27istheexample-Afairgothrougheducation,hard

hestoryoftheIrish

whichhasbeencreatedbythehard

workofmillionsofAustralianpeople,inour

work,afairgothrougheducation,respect.

hhard

workandeducation,wecandeliverastrong

31notbedestiny-thatsuccesswillbedefinedbyhard

tthiswillbetrue

32characterandattitudeandpropensityforhard

work,

33blesdbyaresourcesboomwhich,matchedwithhard

work,

34thecultureofmateshipandthefairgo,hardwork

andrespect,thatwehavesharedfromour

35relationshipwithChina,builtondecadesofhard

work,beganinthe1970swiththere-openingof

36believeinthedistributionofthebenefitsofhard

work;tobelieveinwhatteamworkcanbring.

37alwaysworkedaswellandbecauoftheirhard

workmysisterandIwereabletohaveafuture,

plesbelieveinthevalueofhard

ralpartnersand

39Ihavebelievedallofmylifeinthepowerofhard

work,intheimportanceofwork,indefininga

uesIlearntinmyparents’home-hard

work,afairgothrougheducation,respect-find

41withoutskills,dothehard

workofbuildinganeconomywithhigher

42thatmeansuccessisdeterminedbyhowhardyou

work,notwhereyou'illalso

days,we

ietiessharea

hard,to

tyouralarmclockarly,toensureyour

45lovethiscountry,embraceitsvaluesandworkhardfor

itsfuture,sno

’regoingtohavetoworkhardifwe

don’s,as

232

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47thatarethejustrewardforthowhoworkhardand

s,wemightbeaminority

48condjobandthenhetookotherjobstoworkhardfor

eralwaysworkedaswell

49inlifeisdefinedbypreparednesstoworkhardnot

bywhereyouarebornorwhatyourparents

illbemany

harddaysahead,wewillbeengagedthroughthis

umbyisworking

asgoverned

illbemany

harddaysahead,butIamcautiouslyencouraged

ECONOMY/STRONG

1deliveraBudgetsurplusin2012-13andkeeptheecono⁃

’swhatwesaidwewilldoandwe

unityforall,andkeepingoureconomy

strong.

3toreturntheBudgettosurplusandkeepoureconomy

’sresponsibleeconomic

4aboutwhatmyGovernmentisdoingtokeeptheeconomy

strongthroughourpoliciesandplans,andI'm

5education,ayskeepingoureconomy

strong.

6education,respect,andalwayskeepingoureconomy

strong.

ayskeepingoureconomy

strong.

thisthatalthoughoureconomy

isstrong,ourbudgetpositionremain

nomyis

strongoverall,butIknowthatmanyctors

10Butwestillhavetheadvantagethatouroveralleconomy

isstrongandthatmeanswehavethecapacityto

11Infiveyears,intenyears,Iwantoureconomytobe

ntmorepeopletosharein

12thenationalbroadbandnetwork,alow-carbonecono⁃

ot

13Governmentisworkingmethodicallytoensureourecono⁃

mystaysstrongtodayandisreadytomeetthe

14challenge,tofindover$ghoureconomy

remainsstrong,thereisalsotheone-offeffect

15clolytogethertostrengthentheglobaleconomy.

Astradingnations,wearebothstrong

16isthefoundingfactofthemodernAustralianecono⁃

ametimeasthedollarissostrong,I'm

17weknowthatwecan'tdeliveronastrongeconomy

withouteconomicreform:significantfiscal

18IwantallAustralianstobenefitfromastrongecono⁃

my,s,thedayI

19myGovernment'svisionforAustralia?Astrongecono⁃

'sreallyit,ina

20Arewegettingclortothevision...Astrongecono⁃

'd

21deliveronanyofthovalueswithoutastrongeconomy

andbecauweknowthatwecan'tdeliverona

22andwe'vehadthatsharedvisionofastrongeconomy

re

23hardworkandeducation,wecandeliverastrongecono⁃

ansaregreat

letheadvantageofastrongecono⁃

myisfeltwhenwecometofundtherebuilding,the

25fundtherebuilding,thechallengeofastrongeconomy

isfeltwhenwelookforthecapacity:delivering

26perfectplacetodiscussmyplanforastrongecono⁃

my-andalwaysgoodtobehereattheQueensland

,gecono⁃

ewedoing

28wronglyrejectthemoralimperativetoastrongecono⁃

enshavesomeworthyideasandmanyof

’tgovernwithoutastrongeconomy.

Sohavingtalkedaboutthepartyandpolitics,

veastrongecono⁃

myisthefoundationofeverythingelthatIas

31aBudgetsurplusisakeysignofastrongeconomy.

Itmeanswearepreparedwhenthecountry’s

32inadifferentenvironment,ourgoalofastrongecono⁃

lobal

33foranation’uildthatstrongeconomy,

investinginskills,investingin

34prosperityofallofus-it’saboutastrongeconomy

andit’esntial

35isntialforafamily’geconomyis

esntialforanation’uild

ngastrongecono⁃

my-andopportunityforall.

ongeconomy

givesusarealchancetocreateopportunityfrom

38rootcauofourstrongdollarisourstrongeconomy.

Comparedtotherestoftheworld,wehave

39remainsstrong,wefacetheriskofa"patchwork

economy"-aneconomywheresomepartsofthe

40remainsstrong,wefacetheriskofa"patchwork

economy"-wheresomectorsthrivewhileothers

233