2011专四答案

2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--汇总

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--听写部分参考答案】

Whatisadreamfor?

Onetheoryisthatwedreamtoreleathedeep,texpress

rtheoryisthat

dreamsallowustosolveproblemsthatwecan'sleepwitha

ybeawaytouourdreamsratherthan

elievethatyourdreamsareimportant,thenanalyzingthem

ernimage

isthatdreamsarethebrain'swayofcleaningupthecomputer’

llknow

thatverylittleofwhatwedreamisconcernedwithwhathappenedtousthatday.

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--语法部分】

theboardofdirectors,hedidn’tdeny__________breakingtheagreem

ent.

解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。动名词可以有自己的逻辑（意义）主语，一般可以用名

词所有格Tom's，代词宾格如him（口语），书面语情况下一般用物主代词his，their。本

题选C，但我还是要吐槽，因为根本就不需要多此一举添加his,hedidn'tdenybreaking

theagreement完全正确，比原题要精简地道许多，从写作角度来看，his根本是多余的，

当然纯粹考察语法的话选C。

licizedpartfunctionsasa

(n)_______.

tive(同位语)ment.

解析：此题恐怕是最受争议的题目了，有人认为选A，有人认为选D。根据EnglishGrammar:

AUniversityCour一书，“TheSubjectComplement(主语补足语)istheobligatory

constituentwhichfollowsacopularverb(系动词)andwhichcannotbemadesubject

inapassiveclau:比如Who’sthere?It’sme/It’ameatennischampion

eetoaskquestions!”一般语法书也是这么说的，有的书上把

这种情况下接的名词叫做predicatenoun/nominative,接的形容词叫做predicate

adjective。该书接着说“Aswellasbeandem,awiderangeofverbscanbeudto

linkthesubjecttoitsComplement;theaddmeaningsoftransition(become,get,

go,grow,turn)andofperception(sound,smell,look)amongothers,”比如Iknowit

uationbecomevenwor.这些一般语法书也会提到，但是题

目里的都不是这种现象，很多语法书对主语补语的介绍也就到此为止。好在这本书多介绍了

一点，但情况很微妙。此书又说Moreproblematicistheconstituentfollowingother

verbsthatcouldbeudintransitivelywiththesamemeaning,asin:

SaintEthelbertwasbornaSaxonprincess.(shewasborn)

Hereturnedabrokenman.(hereturned)

Hediedyoung.(hedied)

WeshallconsidersuchconstituentsasComplementsonthestrengthofthe

possibleparaphracontainingbe(Whenhereturnedhewasabrokenman;When

hediedhewasyoung).

这部分恰好就是本题所代表的类型，但是从该书作者表述来看，他们也承认这样的句子很不

一般，不太容易轻易判定是否为主语补语，在本书里，作者认为可以看作是主语补语，因为

大概可以改写成含有系动词be的句子，但作者的措辞显然没有那么肯定，有待商榷的意思。

据此，本题可以选D，是主语补足语。

fthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?

解析：首先要知道什么是复合词。Acompoundisawordthatconsistsofmorethanone

freemorpheme。所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体，其最大的特点是不能再被分

割为更小的音义结合体。而freemorpheme是指能独立存在使用的词素，bound

morpheme则是必须依附于其他单位的词素，比如前缀后缀属于boundmorpheme，如

pre-，-ment，在单词shipment里，ship就是freemorpheme，-ment则是bound。因

此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个freemorpheme构成（dead+line），其他三个都有

Boundmorpheme比如non,ness,mis-等。

fthefollowingntencescontainssubjunctivemood?

sistedthathersongethomebefore5o'clock.

dtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.

raightahead,anddon'tturntillthecondtrafficlights.

llcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.

解析:subjunctivemood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟语气用法，

其中that从句里省略了should。

lowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeudwithbothpluralanduncountable

nounsEXCEPT__________.

解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点，诸如some，many，both，all，each等

用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典。这道题看似有点难度，也许你从来不知道

哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词，但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接名词试试

就知道了，比如moremoney,moretrees;enoughmoney,enoughtrees;many

money?,manytrees;suchbigtrees,suchbehavior.所以选C。

56.解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里的and表示

递进；只有B里的and表示对比。

ftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?

nedthedoorandquietlywentin.

ialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.

toveragainandyou'llgetananswer.

mewhatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.

fthefollowingCANNOTbeudasanominalsubstitute(名词替代词)?

r

解析：估计不少学生看到名词替代词这个术语，一开始都吓着了，因为压根没听说过，不过

对做这道题目倒无大碍，所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语，避免重复

的词，英语里one,ones,(the)same等都是常见的。比如Therearegoodfilmsaswellas

badones.除此以外还有thekind,thesort，比如Slangdisappearsquickly,especially

thejuvenilesort.还有一些不定代词等比如all,both,some,anyenough,veral,none,

many,much,(a)few,(a)little,theother,others,another,either,neither等，比如Can

yougetmesomenails?’twantanymorefood.I’vehadenough.

本题选D,quarter不是名词替代词。

followingntencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT__.

istohaveteawithAuntBettyatfour.

sidentiscomingtotheUNnextweek,

oolpupilswillbehomebynow.

ingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.

解析：这道题目有点意思，既考查时态，又考查will的用法，A/B/D都是将来时的各种表

达，唯独C的will，看似是将来时标志，其实不然，因为和bynow矛盾，这里will的用

法是指youthinksomethingistrue，表说话人自己的看法，比如ThatwillbeTimcoming

homenow;Askanyoneandtheywilltellyouthesamething.本题选C。

fthefollowingntencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?

csaretheartorscienceofgovernment.

esemslikealongwalktome.

sakindofinfectiousdia.

furniturehasarrivedundamaged.

解析：本题考查主谓一致（agreement/concord）。tenmiles看作整体单数，mumps腮

腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不可数名词；furniture在英语里是不可数名词；A里的

politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(politicalscience)，是不可数名词，但这个用法主

要是英式英语。此外，politics表示政治可以看作不可数名词，也可以看作复数，比如Politics

havealwaysinterestedme.本题选A。

finthefollowingphrasindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?

ofNewton

ysofOscarWilde

解析：章振邦的书拿到手后果然发现了他的讲解，基本就是原句。第五版的55页，名词属

格和of-词组一节说：名词属格和of-词组在意义和用法上有许多相同之处，比如thetrunk

ofanelephant=anelephant'strunk，表示主谓关系有thearrivaloftheprimeminister;

表示动宾关系theoccupationoftheIsland;表来源thelawofNewton。因此据此本题选

A。但我要吐槽的是先不说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到，就这种主谓关系，动宾关系的

说法我就不太同意，因为所谓词组的主谓关系和动宾关系是汉语语法里的说法，英语里说主

谓自然指的是句子，一个名词短语何来主谓之说？

fthefollowingitalicizedpartsrvesasanappositive?

tthemantodrawback.

tbacktheurgetotellalie.

asalargefamilytosupport.

sreallynothingtofear.

解析：又是同位语？！四个选项的用法在大部分语法书里并没有做进一步区分，都成为不定

式的定语用法，修饰名词。不过章振邦的书里又出现了这个，又是原句作为选项出现，章指

出不定式作为名词的后置修饰语时，不定式和名词之间的搭配关系是主谓A中的theman

drawback，也可以是C和D的动宾tofearnothing,tosupportfamily；有时候也是同

为关系,比如urge(冲动)的内容就是指totellalie撒谎，故为同位语。我不得不吐槽，章很

喜欢分析任何语法单位的结构，他在教师用书的第一部分也说本书语法体系是要贯彻层次分

析法。

fthefollowingisNOTanimperativentence?

riveyouhome,shallI?

lmindyourownbusiness.

dhavedinnerwithus.

oucouldstaybehind.

解析：花了点时间翻遍手头各类语法和用法图书，除了直接用动词打头，Do/Don't，You/

其他唤名+动词,let类型外，均没有见到D的wish类型。说明：似乎只有章振邦的书上在

情态动词will一节提到B的属于加强祈使句。我个人对此表示质疑。更常见的应该是You

mindyourownbusiness。如果说Youwillmindyourownbusiness是祈使句，那么

Youwillehimnow岂不是也是祈使句？这显然说不通。其实Youwillmindyourown

business要有祈使句功能，还跟语气语调有很大关系，应该念成YouWILLmindyourown

business!而不是YOUwillmindyourownbusiness.出题人不严谨，死扣语法书，可

见一斑。

_______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.

ned

解析：最经典的If条件虚拟句，说的是将来，应该选A.

fthefollowingntencexpressafact?

dhersonmustbehomebynow.

ssreadingmustgivepoorresults.

’sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.

beworkinglateattheoffice.

解析：目前来看又要有争议。很多人认为是B，而我之前说C，尽管C里的must是表示

主观必须（C只有前半句是fact，后半句谈不上什么事实）。问题在于如何理解B的must。

在EnglishGrammar:AUniversityCour一书里有一节谈到must的logicalneces

sity用法问题，作者说在英式英语里有用must表示逻辑上的必定如此，尽管美国人更喜欢

用haveto。比如IfJaneisPat'ssisterandJillisJane'sdaughter,Patmustbe

Jill'saunt.此时PatmustbeJill'saunt就相当于不用情态动词的陈述句PatisJill's

aunt.如此极端的例子才能说明这是逻辑上的必然，但我实在看不出选项B里一个没有语境

的句子是如何有逻辑上的必然，我个人觉得Carelessreadingmustgivepoorresults.

和Carelessreadinggivespoorresults.还是不一样的。B句是章振邦那本书里的原句，

章自己也说“用must表示必然，也是一种推测或推断，其口气最为肯定，一般用于肯定陈

述句”由此来看，再如何肯定那也是一种推断，不是fact。

lowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT__________.

解析：看到专四考这个题目，我只能呵呵。动态动词是指能够延续持续动作的，比如hit，

run等，相反的则是StativeVerb静态动词，比如know.现在进行时是常见检验手段。你

不能说Iamknowingtheanswer，只能说Iknowtheanswer，因此know是静态动词。

同理，题目的A选项remain也是静态动词，其他都是动态动词。

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--词汇部分】

66.__________toschoollifewaslessdifficultthanthepupilhadexpected.

nting

解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjusttoschoollife，选C。

dupwiththesameolddrearyroutine,erlined

partmeans__________.

解析：dreary指dull，选A。但有词典指出boring也是近义词，外教也表示AB均可。

所以B也是对的，我估计出题人是选A。

night’

underlinedpartmeans__________.

n’tunderstand

n’ttolerate

解析：bebeyondsomebody指tobetoodifficultforsomeonetounderstand.故选B。

ple__________theiroldhouandsolditforavastprofit.

解析：选D。doup这里指torepairanoldbuildingorcar,ortoimproveitsappearance。

此外doup还可以指fastensomething，比如Doyourlacesupbeforeyoutripover.

ontributedalottotheproject,butsheneveronceacceptedallthe__________

forherlf.

解析：选A。这里的credit指approvalorpraithatyougivetosomeonefor

somethingtheyhavedone.常见搭配有givecredit;take/claim/dervecredit。

ldnodded,apparentlycontentwithhismother’erlinedpart

means__________.

soneisconcerned

soneistold

解析：首先ABCD的释义都是指apparently的意思，具体语境有具体不同的释义，在我们

这个句子里，指accordingtothewaysomeonelooksorasituationappears,although

youcannotbesure.因此选C。换一个句子比如Iwasn’tthere,butapparentlythethief

gotaway.这里的apparently就指A或D。

__________thatsportbuildscharacteriswellacceptedbypeoplenowadays.

ce

解析：选B。这里的argument指atofreasonsthatshowsomethingistrueoruntrue,

rightorwrong。相当于汉语说的主张论点。很多人选C，point的确有这个意思，也可以

接同位语从句，搭配上习惯是说takethe/sb’spoint.不过，我询问过外教，他是觉得

argument更好，只是point也没什么不对。

underlinedpartmeans__________.

解析：infinite是finite的反义词，这里指verygreat/hugeinamountordegree，因此选

D。

measurewillreducethechanceofriousinjuryintheeventofanaccident.

Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.

cidentcanbeprevented

anaccident

解析：选A。intheeventofsomethingisudtotellpeoplewhattheyshoulddoif

somethinghappens.

ionally,localmidwiveswould__________allthebabiesinthearea.

解析：midwife是指产婆，接生员。所以选C，deliver可以指接生(孩子)，或者生孩子。

erlinedpartmeans__________.

解析：选C。以复数形式出现的premis指thebuildingsandlandthatashop,

restaurant,companyetcus.

rtwouldnotaccepthisappealunless__________evidenceisprovided.

ding

解析：选A。首先appeal是指上诉。Conclusive指showingsomethingisdefinitelytrue，

比如conclusiveproof/evidence/findings。旁证是circumstantialevidence.

asheopenedthedoor,a__________ofcoldairsweptthroughthehou.

解析：个人认为选D。又见量化问题，一阵/股冷风袭来该如何用英语说。首先句子里动词

用了sweep，指tomovesuddenlyand/orwithforceoveranareaorinaparticular

direction.而blast指asuddenstrongmovementofair。但问题在于C。词典里rush其

实可以指asuddenfastmovementofair,外教的回答是blastisbetterhereandis

whatnativespeakerswouldprefer.而Flow往往接的是水流电流等，而且指asmooth

andsteadymovement.

llywantedtosaysomethingatthemeeting,buteventually__________fromit.

cted

解析：refrainfromsth/doingsth指tonotdosomethingyouwanttodo，主要用于书

面语。

underlinedpartmeans__________.

y

解析：先聊聊gaily这个单词的来源吧。这个单词虽然是ly结尾却是形容词，是有gay+ly

变来的。而gay在很早的时候是指人happy,merry,cheerful，或者颜色bright,attractive，

这个用法现代英语已经抛弃，请大家不要乱用。所谓gailypainted/colored/decorated指

havingbrightcheerfulcolors.所以选A。

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--完形填空原文（真题暂缺，加粗

部分为原空）】

Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:Withoutit,itwouldnot

bepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenwhoprotectus；northeworkersin

governmentofficeswholookafterourhealth,ourfood,ourwater,andalltheotherthings

thatwecannotdoforourlves；northeministersandmembersofparliament(国会)who

softaxation,wepayforthingsthatweneedjustas

muchasweneedsomewheretoliveandsomethingtoeat.

Buteveryoneknowsthattaxationisnecessary,differentpeoplehavedifferent

eachpersonhavetopayacertain

amountofmoneytothegovernmenteachyear?Orshouldtherebetaxonthingsthat

peoplebuyandll?Ifthefirstkindoftaxationisud,shouldeveryonepaythesametax,

whetherheisrichorpoor?Ifthecondkindoftaxispreferred,shouldeverythingbe

taxedequally?

Inmostcountries,adirecttaxonpersons,whichiscalledincometax,

isarrangedinsuchawaythatthepoorestpeoplepaynothing,andthepercentageoftax

growsgreaterasthetaxpayer’and,forexample,thetaxonthe

richestpeoplegoesupashighasninety-fivepercent!

Bu

thingsimportedintothecountryhavetopaytaxesor"duties".Ofcour,itisthemenand

womenwhobuytheimportedthingsintheshopswhoreallyhavetopaytheduties,in

countries,too,thereisataxonthingssoldintheshops.

Ifthemostnecessarythingsaretaxed,alotofmoneyiscollected,butthepoorpeople

cessarythingslikejewelsandfurcoatsaretaxed,lessmoneyisgot

butthetaxisfairer,astherichpayit.

Probablythislastkindofindirecttax,togetherwithadirecttaxonincomeswhich

islowforthepoorandhighfortherich,isthebestarrangement.

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--写作部分】

SECTIONACOMPOSITION

Mostofus,asstudents,arecarefulwithourmoneyindailylife:wecollectallkindsof

coupons(优惠券);welookforgroup-buydealsifweeatoutortravel;wedon'tbuyclothes

r,somepeoplethinkthatallthismaynotmakeussmart

youropinion?

WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEacompositionofabout200words.

Youaretowriteinthreeparts.

Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyourviewis.

Inthecondpart,provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)tosupportyour

opinion.

Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.

Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetittleforyourcomposition.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.

Failuretofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

SECTIONBNOTE-WRITING

WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEanoteofabout50—60wordsbadonthe

followingsituation:

Yourformerhigh-schoolclassmate(MatheworGrace)iscomingtovisityouinthe

,youhavegotsomethingurgenttodoandthuscannotwaitforhim/herthere.

Leaveanoteonthedoor,expressingyourapologyandtellinghim/herhowtofindyou.

Youmustmakeclearwhereyouareinthenote.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.

【参考范文】

SECTIONA

Theadvantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylife

Nowadays,thereisahotdebateonwhetherpeople,includingstudentsshouldbe

carefu

peoplethinkitisnotgoodtodosobecauthismaynotmakepeoplesmartconsumers.

Butinmyeyes,theadvantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylifeoutweighthe

disadvantages.

First,hrifty

isofgreathelp,especiallywhentheeconomicstatusaroundtheworldisnotverygood

abitofbeingcarefulwith

moneywillhelpmanypeoplegothroughthisdifficultperiodoranyotherdifficultfinancial

withthisawarenesswillthinkcarefullybeforedecidingtobuy

dents,thisawarenessisalsoofgreathelpsincetheymainlydependon

eykeepthisawarenessintheirmind,theywill

definitelyavoidwastingmoney.

Secondly,beingcarefulwithmoneyis,infact,agoodwayofpracticinghowto

manageone'entsociety,itisnecessarytolearnsomethingaboutfinance.

rast,mostpeoplecanlearnquicklyby

arefulwithmoneymeansanefficientuofmoney,which,inesnce,

arefulwithmoneycanteachpeople

tomakebestuoftheirmoney.

Itistruethatbeingtoocarefulwithmoneymayhavesomedisadvantages;for

example,rallthis

-consciousnessisalwaysneededinthe

market-orientedeconomy.

SECTIONB

April

20,2013

DearMathew,

I'mwritingtoshowmyapologyforbeingunabletowaitforyouinmydorm.I'mreally

cometoRoom1003,No.3Teaching

onthebackofthenotewillhelpyou.I'llwaitforyouthere.

Yours,

Tom