advantageous

.

.

常用词的学术替换

动词替换：

e提高：

Promote:促进AC之间的贸易promotethetradebetweenAandC;Hewaspromotedto

niormanagerinthiscompany.

Advance:ourunderstandingofhumangeneticshasconsiderably(非常的，可换做vastly)

advanced.

Enhance:thepublicityhanhancedhisreputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望

改变：

Transform:多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slightchange。说到人口变化：the

increasingpopulationhastransformedthelandscapeandstructureoflocalindustry

structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构

ize强调：

Highlight：thereporthighlightthedeclineinthenumbersofnative(可以换作local)plants

andincts.

Stress:Hestresstheneedforparentstolistentotheirchildren.

Accentuate:thecrisisaccentuatesthegapbetweenrichandpoor.

(highlightandemphasize的区别：highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似

于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和

emphasize差不多)

p培养：

Cultivate:cultivatetheabilityof…；培养情操；cultivateamorerelaxedandpositiveway

towardslife.

Nurture:养育，同样可以指培养人才（talents）theanuturesamplemarineanimals.

破坏：

Impair：impairability;主要是破坏能力，莫乱用。

Undermine这个词也是指的是抽象意义上的破坏，有逐渐削弱之意，重点是循序渐进的过

程。Undermineone’sability/confidence/authority/position/credibility

Jeopardize:不能乱用，破坏的东西要上一定的等级才能配上此词。比如Jeopardizethe

processofpeace.破坏和平进程

Devastate特指毁灭、蹂躏theearthquakedevastatedthewholecity.

保存

Prerve、Conrve保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect这个词用在保护具

体的东西。

th解决

Tackle:tackletheproblem.

Resolve:resolvedispute争论/conflict冲突/problem/issue/crisis危机；来自拉丁语，比较正

式。

需要

Require：xxxrequirescourageandconfidence.

Necessitate:用法不简单，没有摸透。

callfor（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个【我不晓得奥巴马咋个用的，原帖是这样

.

.

说的，并且callfor也挺正式的】）：跟need一样的用法

形容词替换：

here普遍的

Widespread:随便用

Prevalent：Drugabuispeciallyprevalentamongteenagers.

Overflow：泛滥thegardenisoverflewwithcolorsofflowers.

Rampant:特指有害的东西泛滥，比如疾病，犯罪等，并且难于控制。

H1n1Virusisrampantintheworld.甲流世界泛滥

好的（太多了）

Impressive,glorious,amazing,brilliant,incredible,attractive…

Beneficial（反义词：detrimental）thedrugisbeneficialtotheimmunesystem.

Advantageous:特指有益的。Advantageousindustry：优势产业

l有害的

Unfavorable,horrible,disgusting

Inhumane:没人性的

lousy(I’mfedupwiththelousyjob.)

vere(vereproblem,illness,injuries.)

abysmal(低谷：theirperformanceisabysmal.)

Detrimental:smokingisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.

Baneful:现阶段用不到，文学作品里面的“邪恶”，完全诘屈聱牙。

富有的

Wealthy、Affluent、ample

ThereareamyriadofstarsintheMilkyWay.(银河系好多星星啊！！)

贫穷的

Impoverished（动词表示使贫穷：Thegreatdepressionhadimpoverishedmanythirdworld

countries.）animpoverishedstudent.

s严重的

Severe

s明显的

Manifest:amanifesterrorjudge明显判断失误;estlyunfair

system.

Apparent、Evident

Patent:patentimpossibilities.显然不可能的事。

便宜的

Economical：经济的，不浪费，而不是单纯指某物便宜。经济适用房：economicallyaffordable

housing。

Inexpensive=cheap

Reasonable：价格合理的。Reasonableprice

Affordable：能够支付的。

名词替换：

ther祖先

Ancestor、Predecessor

ence不同

Gap（简单但是牛）沟，generationgap——verycommonuinCET-4/6

.

.

Distinction:sharp/cleardistinctionbetweenallergyandfoodintolerance(TBBT里面的

Howard就有lactointolerance，一吃peanuts就会肿，长荨麻疹rash哈哈。)

再想牛就用schism。比如“填平两个分支学科之间的分歧”healtheschismbetweenclinical

medicineandpublichealth.(有本书就叫这个。)

犯罪

Delinquency：一般crime都用不到。指道德败坏，违法行为，为显示词汇量可以与crime

连用

CriminalAct：犯罪行为

nment环境

Circumstance：underthecircumstances.相当抽象的词，“情况”。

Surrounding：表示周围居住的环境，想当具体。Nearby可与之互换。Thesurroundingarea.

Atmosphere、Ambience：这两个词可替换，但是当atmosphere表示大气层的意思的时候

则不能。

ion污染

Contamination:我觉得太装B了，他的pp还不错：contaminatedwater—特指被污染的水

人类

Individual/men/ones/以及一切表示工人，农民公务员等等的词

Thehumanrace

Humankind

Humanity：特别指出，用来表示人性。其他一概不要用。虽然也有人之类的意思。

危险

Hazard：化学、物理危害；隐患：pollutedwaterisahazardtowildlifeandnature；

safety/naturehazard.

rnsociety在当今社会

Incontemporarysociety

Inprent-daysociety

Inthisdayandage（这是最牛的说法）

.

.

ant=crucial(extremelyimportant),significant(amountoreffectlargeenoughtobeimpo

rtant)

=universal,ubiquitous(ifsomethingisubiquitous,itemstobeeverywhere)

nt=ample(enoughandusuallyextra),plentiful(enoughforpeople'sneedsandwants)

=adhere,cling(holdonsomethingtightly)

t=ignore.(difference:neglectmeanssomeonehasnotpaidenoughattentiontosomethin

g;ignoremeansnoattention.)

=adjacent(twothingsnexttoeachother),adjoin(thesameasadjacent)

=woo(manwooswoman,old-fashioned),ek(ifyoueksth,

AL)

te=preci(preciixactandaccurateinalldetails),exact(correctineverydetail)

=obscure(unknownorknownbyonlyafewpeople)

=peak,summit

itor=rival,opponent(especiallyinsportsandpolitics)

=condemn(ifyoucondemnsomething,yousayitisverybadandunacceptable)

=perspective,standpoint(meanslookingataneventorsituationinaparticularway)

=prestige(describethowhoareadmired),reputation

=erect(youcanerectsomethingasbuildings,FORMAL),establish

=humiliate(dosomethingorsaysomethingwhichmakespeoplefeelashamedorstupid)

in=grumble(complainsomethinginabad-temperedway)

y=radical(veryimportantandgreatindegree),fundamental

e=alleviate(alleviatemeansyoumakepainorsufferingslessintenorvere)

=coercesinto(coercemeansyoumakesomeonedosomethings/hedoesnotwantto),co

mpel

e=magnify(magnifymeansmakesomethinglargerthanitreallyis)

x=intricate(ifsomethingisintricate,itoftenhasmanysmallpartsanddetails)

=solitary(ifsomeoneissolitary,thereisnoonenearhim/her

=minuscule(verysmall),minute,

=extol(strongerthanprai),compliment(politeandpolitical)

-working=assiduous(someonewhoisassiduousworkshardordoesthingsverythoroughl

y

ult=arduous(ifsomethingisarduous,itisdifficultandtiring,andinvolvesalotofefforts)

(soil)=barren,infertile(udtodescribethesoilissopoorthatplantscannotbeplantedo

nit)

e=brittle,vulnerable(someonewhoisvulnerableiasilyhurtemotionallyorphysically)

=demonstrate(todemonstrateafactmeanstpmakeitcleartopeople.)

=massive(largeinsize,quantity,orextent),colossal(uthisword,youemphasizesomethin

g’slarge),tremendous(INFORMAL)

=shun(ifsomeoneshunssomething,s/hedeliberatelyavoidthatsomethingorkeepawa

yfromit.)

.

.

=impartial(someonewhoisimpartialisabletogiveafairopinionordecisiononsomething

.)

=assault(physicallyattacksomeone),assail(attackviolently

e=abhor(abhormeansyouhatesomethingtoaextremeextentformoralreasons),loathe

(dislikeverymuch)!

=devastate(itmeansdamagesomethingverybadly,orutterlydestroyit.)

=invariably(thesameasalways,butbetterthanalways)

r=perpetual(aperpetualstateneverchanges),immutable(somethingimmutablewillne

verchangeorbechanged)

=startle(itmeanssurpriyouslightly),astound(surpriyoutoalargedegree),astonis

h(thesameasastound)

iasm=zeal(agreatenthusiasm),fervency(sincereandenthusiasm)

=tranquil(calmandpeaceful),rene(calmandquiet)!

ive=exorbitant(itmeanstooexpensivethatitshouldbe)

ous=lavish(impressiveandveryexpensive),sumptuous(grandandveryexpensive

=tedious(ifyoudescribesomethingtedious,youmeanitisboringandfrustrating)

t=esteem(ifyouesteemsomeone,yourespectandadmirehim/)

=fret(ifyoufretaboutsomething,youworryaboutit)

=chilly(unpleasantlycold),icy(extremelycold)

=boiling(ous=perilous(verydangerous,hazardous(dangerous,especially

topeople'ssafetyand

health)

ys=currently

=unique(theonlyoneofitskind),distinctive;

=cea(ifsomethingceas,itstopshappeningorexisting)

=component(thecomponentsofsomethingarethepartsthatitismadeof)

=conquence(theresultsoreffectsofsomething)

s=apparent,manifest

n=derivedfromcaneornoticethemveryeasily)

=fairly

ic=lamentable(veryuncomfortableanddisappointing)

=domain(aparticularfieldofthought,activitiesorinterest)

=emerge(comeintoexistence)

=entire(thewholeofsomething)

=moist(slightlywet),damp(slightlywet),humid(verydampandhot)!

=erroneous(incorrectorpartlycorrect)

ult=formidable

=convert(changeintoanotherform)

l=quintesntial(thiswordmeansreprentatypicalexampleofsomething)

l=cautious(verycarefulinordertoavoiddanger),prudent(carefulandnsible)

y=capacity,capability(thesameasability)

e=eccentric(ifsomeoneiccentric,s/hebehavesinastrangeway,orhis/heropinionis

differentfrommostpeople)

.

.

=affluent(ifyouareaffluent,youhavealotofmoney)

=utilize(thesameasu)

s=skeptical(ifyouareskepticalaboutsomething,youhavedoubtsonit.)

y=gratify(ifyouaregratifiedbysomething,itgivesyoupleasureandsatisfaction)

=fleeting,ephemeral(ifsomethingiphemeral,itlastsashorttime)

rship=fellowship

=enraged(extremelyangry)

=malodorous(udtodescribeanunpleasantsmell)

=hideous(ifsomethingishideous,itisveryuglyorunattractive)

tive=appealing(pleasingandattractive),absorbing(somethingabsorbingcanattractyou

agreatdeal)

e=miscellaneous(amiscellaneousgroupsconsistsofmanydifferentkindsofthings)

er=disarray,chaos

y=frantically(udtodescribesomeonewhobehavesinawildanduncontrolledway)

=meteoric(ATTENTION:meteoricisonlyudtodescribesomeoneachievessuccessquic

kly)

ry=mundane(veryordinaryandnotatinterestingorunusual)

e=notwithstanding(FORMAL)

=optimal(udtodescribethebestlevelsomethingcanachieve)/

=acute(vereandinten)

evable=inconceivable(ifyoudeemsomethinginconceivable,youthinkitveryunliketoh

appen^

=perplex(somethingperplexsomeonemeansitconfusandworrieshim/herbecau

he/shedoesnotunderstandit)

=avenue(awayofgettingsomethingdone)

=distinguished(udtodescribepeoplewhoaresuccessfulintheircareer)

t=archaic(extremelyoldandextremelyold-fashioned)

te=embellish(embellishmeansmakesomethinglookmoreattractiveviadecoratingitw

ithsomethingel)/

le=feasible(ifsomethingisfeasible,itcanbedone,madeorachieved)

=conquently,accordingly

=infrequent(doesn’thappenoften