常用词的学术替换
动词替换:
e提高:
Promote:促进AC之间的贸易promotethetradebetweenAandC;Hewaspromotedto
niormanagerinthiscompany。
Advance:ourunderstandingofhumangeneticshasconsiderably(非常的,可换做vastly)
advanced。
Enhance:thepublicityhanhancedhisreputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望
2。change改变:
Transform:多指改头换面,完全改变,不能用于形容slightchange。说到人口变化:the
increasingpopulationhastransformedthelandscapeandstructureoflocalindustry
structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构
ize强调:
Highlight:thereporthighlightthedeclineinthenumbersofnative(可以换作local)plants
andincts.
Stress:Hestresstheneedforparentstolistentotheirchildren.
Accentuate:thecrisisaccentuatesthegapbetweenrichandpoor。
(highlightandemphasize的区别:highlight是告诉人们重点,因而能够让别人注意,类
似于老师勾重点;而emphasize则是使重点清晰,不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和
emphasize差不多)
4。Develop培养:
Cultivate:cultivatetheabilityof…;培养情操;cultivateamorerelaxedandpositiveway
towardslife.
Nurture:养育,同样可以指培养人才(talents)theanuturesamplemarineanimals.
破坏:
Impair:impairability;主要是破坏能力,莫乱用。
Undermine这个词也是指的是抽象意义上的破坏,有逐渐削弱之意,重点是循序渐进的过
程.Undermineone’sability/confidence/authority/position/credibility
Jeopardize:不能乱用,破坏的东西要上一定的等级才能配上此词.比如Jeopardizethe
processofpeace.破坏和平进程
Devastate特指毁灭、蹂躏theearthquakedevastatedthewholecity.
6。Keep保存
Prerve、Conrve保护资源用的就是这个词,不要用protect,protect这个词用在保护具
体的东西。
7。dealWith解决
Tackle:tackletheproblem。
Resolve:resolvedispute争论/conflict冲突/problem/issue/crisis危机;来自拉丁语,比较正
式。
8。need需要
Require:xxxrequirescourageandconfidence.
Necessitate:用法不简单,没有摸透。
callfor(这也是个很高级的用法,奥巴马就用这个【我不晓得奥巴马咋个用的,原帖是这样
说的,并且callfor也挺正式的】):跟need一样的用法
形容词替换:
1。Everywhere普遍的
Widespread:随便用
Prevalent:Drugabuispeciallyprevalentamongteenagers.
Overflow:泛滥thegardenisoverflewwithcolorsofflowers。
Rampant:特指有害的东西泛滥,比如疾病,犯罪等,并且难于控制。
H1n1Virusisrampantintheworld.甲流世界泛滥
2。Good好的(太多了)
Impressive,glorious,amazing,brilliant,incredible,attractive…
Beneficial(反义词:detrimental)thedrugisbeneficialtotheimmunesystem。
Advantageous:特指有益的.Advantageousindustry:优势产业
l有害的
Unfavorable,horrible,disgusting
Inhumane:没人性的
lousy(I’mfedupwiththelousyjob.)
vere(vereproblem,illness,injuries.)
abysmal(低谷:theirperformanceisabysmal。)
Detrimental:smokingisdetrimentaltoyourhealth。
Baneful:现阶段用不到,文学作品里面的“邪恶”,完全诘屈聱牙。
4。Rich富有的
Wealthy、Affluent、ample
ThereareamyriadofstarsintheMilkyWay.(银河系好多星星啊!!)
贫穷的
Impoverished(动词表示使贫穷:Thegreatdepressionhadimpoverishedmanythirdworld
countries。)animpoverishedstudent.
s严重的
Severe
8。Obvious明显的
Manifest:amanifesterrorjudge明显判断失误;Adv。Manifestly。e。estly
unfairsystem.
Apparent、Evident
Patent:patentimpossibilities。显然不可能的事。
9。cheap便宜的
Economical:经济的,不浪费,而不是单纯指某物便宜。经济适用房:economicallyaffordable
housing。
Inexpensive=cheap
Reasonable:价格合理的.Reasonableprice
Affordable:能够支付的.
名词替换:
1。Forefather祖先
Ancestor、Predecessor
ence不同
Gap(简单但是牛)沟,generationgap—-verycommonuinCET—4/6
Distinction:sharp/cleardistinctionbetweenallergyandfoodintolerance(TBBT里面的
Howard就有lactointolerance,一吃peanuts就会肿,长荨麻疹rash哈哈。)
再想牛就用schism。比如“填平两个分支学科之间的分歧”healtheschismbetweenclinical
medicineandpublichealth.(有本书就叫这个。)
3。Crime犯罪
Delinquency:一般crime都用不到。指道德败坏,违法行为,为显示词汇量可以与crime
连用
CriminalAct:犯罪行为
4。Environment环境
Circumstance:underthecircumstances.相当抽象的词,“情况”。
Surrounding:表示周围居住的环境,想当具体.Nearby可与之互换。Thesurroundingarea。
Atmosphere、Ambience:这两个词可替换,但是当atmosphere表示大气层的意思的时候
则不能.
ion污染
Contamination:我觉得太装B了,他的pp还不错:contaminatedwater—特指被污染的水
人类
Individual/men/ones/以及一切表示工人,农民公务员等等的词
Thehumanrace
Humankind
Humanity:特别指出,用来表示人性。其他一概不要用.虽然也有人之类的意思.
7。Danger危险
Hazard:化学、物理危害;隐患:pollutedwaterisahazardtowildlifeandnature;
safety/naturehazard.
8。Inmodernsociety在当今社会
Incontemporarysociety
Inprent—daysociety
Inthisdayandage(这是最牛的说法)
ant=crucial(extremelyimportant),significant
(amountoreffectlargeenoughtobeimportant)
=universal,ubiquitous(ifsomethingisubiquitous,itemstobeeverywhere)
nt=ample(enoughandusuallyextra),plentiful(enoughforpeople'sneedsandwants)
4。stick=adhere,cling(holdonsomethingtightly)
t=ignore。
(difference:neglectmeanssomeonehasnotpaidenoughattentiontosomething;ignorem
eansnoattention.)
=adjacent(twothingsnexttoeachother),adjoin(thesameasadjacent)
7。pursue=woo(manwooswoman,old-fashioned),ek
(ifyoueksth,youtrytoobtainit。FORMAL)
8。accurate=preci(preciixactandaccurateinalldetails),exact(correctineverydetail)
=obscure(unknownorknownbyonlyafewpeople)
=peak,summit
itor=rival,opponent(especiallyinsportsandpolitics)
=condemn(ifyoucondemnsomething,yousayitisverybadandunacceptable)
=perspective,standpoint(meanslookingataneventorsituationinaparticularway)
14。fame=prestige(describethowhoareadmired),reputation
15。build=erect(youcanerectsomethingasbuildings,FORMAL),establish
=humiliate(dosomethingorsaysomethingwhichmakespeoplefeelashamedorstupid)
17。complain=grumble(complainsomethinginabad-temperedway)
18。primary=radical(veryimportantandgreatindegree),fundamental
e=alleviate(alleviatemeansyoumakepainorsufferingslessintenorvere)
=coercesinto(coercemeansyoumakesomeonedosomethings/hedoesnotwantto),co
mpel
e=magnify(magnifymeansmakesomethinglargerthanitreallyis)
x=intricate(ifsomethingisintricate,itoftenhasmanysmallpartsanddetails)
23。Lonely=solitary(ifsomeoneissolitary,thereisnoonenearhim/her
24。small=minuscule(verysmall),minute,
25。prai=extol(strongerthanprai),compliment(politeandpolitical)
26。hard-working=assiduous
(someonewhoisassiduousworkshardordoesthingsverythoroughly
ult=arduous(ifsomethingisarduous,itisdifficultandtiring,andinvolvesalotofeffort
s)
(soil)
=barren,infertile(udtodescribethesoilissopoorthatplantscannotbeplantedonit)
e=brittle,vulnerable
(someonewhoisvulnerableiasilyhurtemotionallyorphysically)
=demonstrate(todemonstrateafactmeanstpmakeitcleartopeople.)
31。big=massive(largeinsize,quantity,orextent),colossal
(uthisword,youemphasizesomething’slarge),tremendous(INFORMAL)
32。
avoid=shun(ifsomeoneshunssomething,s/hedeliberatelyavoidthatsomethingorkeepawayfr
omit.)
=impartial
(someonewhoisimpartialisabletogiveafairopinionordecisiononsomething.)
34。attack=assault(physicallyattacksomeone),assail(attackviolently
35。
dislike=abhor(abhormeansyouhatesomethingtoaextremeextentformoralreasons),loathe
(dislikeverymuch)!
36。ruin=devastate(itmeansdamagesomethingverybadly,orutterlydestroyit.)
37。always=invariably(thesameasalways,butbetterthanalways)
r=perpetual(aperpetualstateneverchanges),immutable
(somethingimmutablewillneverchangeorbechanged)
=startle(itmeanssurpriyouslightly),astound(surpriyoutoalargedegree),ast
onish(thesameasastound)
iasm=zeal(agreatenthusiasm),fervency(sincereandenthusiasm)
41。quiet=tranquil(calmandpeaceful),rene(calmandquiet)!
ive=exorbitant(itmeanstooexpensivethatitshouldbe)
ous=lavish(impressiveandveryexpensive),sumptuous(grandandveryexpensive
44。boring=tedious(ifyoudescribesomethingtedious,youmeanitisboringandfrustrating)
46。respect=esteem(ifyouesteemsomeone,yourespectandadmirehim/)
=fret(ifyoufretaboutsomething,youworryaboutit)
=chilly(unpleasantlycold),icy(extremelycold)
=boiling(ous=perilous(verydangerous,hazardous
(dangerous,especiallytopeople'ssafetyand
health)
51。nowadays=currently
=unique(theonlyoneofitskind),distinctive;
=cea(ifsomethingceas,itstopshappeningorexisting)
54。part=component(thecomponentsofsomethingarethepartsthatitismadeof)
=conquence(theresultsoreffectsofsomething)
s=apparent,manifest
57。badon=derivedfromcaneornoticethemveryeasily)
=fairly
59。pathetic=lamentable(veryuncomfortableanddisappointing)
=domain(aparticularfieldofthought,activitiesorinterest)
61。appear=emerge(comeintoexistence)
62。whole=entire(thewholeofsomething)
=moist(slightlywet),damp(slightlywet),humid(verydampandhot)!
64。wrong=erroneous(incorrectorpartlycorrect)
ult=formidable
66。change=convert(changeintoanotherform)
l=quintesntial(thiswordmeansreprentatypicalexampleofsomething)
l=cautious(verycarefulinordertoavoiddanger),prudent(carefulandnsible)
69。ability=capacity,capability(thesameasability)
70。
strange=eccentric(ifsomeoneiccentric,s/hebehavesinastrangeway,orhis/heropinionisdif
ferentfrommostpeople)
71。rich=affluent(ifyouareaffluent,youhavealotofmoney)
=utilize(thesameasu)
73。dubious=skeptical(ifyouareskepticalaboutsomething,youhavedoubtsonit。)
74。satisfy=gratify(ifyouaregratifiedbysomething,itgivesyoupleasureandsatisfaction)
=fleeting,ephemeral(ifsomethingiphemeral,itlastsashorttime)
rship=fellowship
77。angry=enraged(extremelyangry)
78。smelly=malodorous(udtodescribeanunpleasantsmell)
=hideous(ifsomethingishideous,itisveryuglyorunattractive)
80。attractive=appealing(pleasingandattractive),absorbing
(somethingabsorbingcanattractyouagreatdeal)
81。diver=miscellaneous(amiscellaneousgroupsconsistsofmanydifferentkindsofthings)
er=disarray,chaos
83。crazily=frantically(udtodescribesomeonewhobehavesinawildanduncontrolledway)
=meteoric(ATTENTION:meteoricisonlyudtodescribesomeoneachievessuccessqui
ckly)
ry=mundane(veryordinaryandnotatinterestingorunusual)
86。despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)
=optimal(udtodescribethebestlevelsomethingcanachieve)/
88。sharp=acute(vereandinten)
89。unbelievable=inconceivable
(ifyoudeemsomethinginconceivable,youthinkitveryunliketohappen^
=perplex(somethingperplexsomeonemeansitconfusandworrieshim/herbecau
he/shedoesnotunderstandit)
=avenue(awayofgettingsomethingdone)
92。famous=distinguished(udtodescribepeoplewhoaresuccessfulintheircareer)
93。ancient=archaic(extremelyoldandextremelyold-fashioned)
te=embellish
(embellishmeansmakesomethinglookmoreattractiveviadecoratingitwithsomethingel)/
95。possible=feasible(ifsomethingisfeasible,itcanbedone,madeorachieved)
=conquently,accordingly
=infrequent(doesn’thappenoften
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