breakfast的音标

英语音标发音规则

一,元音字母在重读音节中的读

音

元音字母

a

在开音节中

[ei]nameplaneJanebabycake

在闭音节中

[æ]bagdadhatmapblackback

e

在开音节中

[i:]hethemeChine

在闭音节中

[e]bedletpendeskyegg

i

在开音节中

[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite

在闭音节中

[i]fishbigdrinksitmilkswim

o

在开音节中

[əu]thoclogohoehomeno

在闭音节中

[ɔ]clocknotboxshopsock

u

在开音节中

[ju:]studentexcudutyTuesday

在闭音节中

[ʌ]buscupjumpmuchlunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母

jlrs后面时读[u:]音,例如:June

bluerulersuper

二,元音字母在非重读音节中的

读音

元音字母

a

[ə]Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast

[i]orangecomradevillage

cabbage

e

[ə]hundredstudentopenweekend

[ə:]nerverveterm

[i]chickenpocketbeginchildren

i

[i]holidaybeautifulfamily

animal

[ai]exercisatellite

o

[ə]condtonightsomebody

welcome

[əu]alsozerophoto

u

[ə]autumndifficult

[ju:]popularcongratulation

January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a

读[ei]音,例如:operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母jl

rs后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July

influenceFebruaryissue

三,元音字母在重读音节中的特

殊读音

元音字母

a在[w]音后面

[ɔ]wantwhatwatchwashquality

a在fnskphspssstth前

[a:]afterplantgraphaskgrasp

glassfastfather

i在-nd-ld和gh前

[ai]findchildlighthigh

o在-st-ld前

[əu]mostpostcardoldcold

o在mnvth前

[ʌ]comemonkeylovemother

四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节

中的读音

元音字组

ar

ar在[w]音后面

[a:]carfarmdarksharpener

[ɔ:]warmquartertowards

or

or在[w]音后面

[ɔ:]fortymorningshort

[ə:]wordworkerwor

erirur

[ə:]certainlybirdThursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母

不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭

音节的拼读规则发音.例如:carry

sorryhurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,

例如:dollarteachermartyr

forgetSaturday

五,-re音节元音字组在重读音

节中的读音

元音字组

are

[ɛə]caredarehare

ere

[iə]heremere

ire

[aiə]firehirewire

ore

[ɔ:]morescorebefore

ure

[juə]purecure

areereireore很少出现在非重读

音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ə]音,

例如:picturepleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字

组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼

读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.

例如:parentzerostoryduring

inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长

音短化现象.

例如:orangeveryAmerican

paragraph

六,元音字组在重读音节中的读

音

元音字组

ai/ay

[ei]afraidrainwaitdayplay

air

[aiə]airhairchairpairrepair

al在fm前

[ɔ]smallballtalkwallall

[ɔ:l]alwaysalsosaltalmost

bald

[a:]halfcalm

au/aw

[ɔ:]autumndaughterdraw

ea

[i:]teacheasycheapplea

[e]heavybreadsweaterweather

[ei]breakgreat

ear

[iə]heardearnearclearyear

[εə]bearpearwear

[ə:]earthlearnearly

ee

[i:]jeepweekgreenthree

eer

[iə]pioneerdeerbeer

ei/ey

[ei]eightneighbourthey

[i:]eitherkey

eu/ew在jlrs后

[ju:]newfewnewspaper

[u:]flewbrew

ie/ei在[s]音之后

[i:]piecefieldreceive

oa

[əu]coatJoanboatgoal

oar/oor

[ɔ:]roarboarddoorfloor

oi/oy

[ɔi]noipointboytoilet

oo

[u:]broomfoodtoothschool

[u]booklookcookfootgood

ou/ow

[au]flowerhoucountdown

[əu]knowrowthrowthough

[ʌ]youngcountryenough

[u:]groupyousoup

our

[ɔ:]couryourfour

[auə]ourhourours

[ə:]journey

ui

在jlrs后

[ju:i]fluidsuicidetuition

[u:]juicefruitsuit

七,非重读音节中元音字组和字

群的读音

元音字组或字群

ai/ayei/ey

[i]Sundayforeignmonkey

ow

[əu]yellowsparrowtomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或

[i].

例如:neighbourriousfamous

biscuitcoffee

-sion-tion

[∫n]impressionnation

-sion在元音字母后

[ӡn]visiondecisionoccasion

-tion在s后

[t∫ən]questionsuggestion

-sten

[sn]listen

-stle

[sl]whistle

-sure

[ӡə]pleasuremeasure

-ture

[t∫ə]pictureculture

八,元字组在复合词非重读音节

中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符

号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍

按重读音节拼读规则拼读.

例如:

everyday[ei]

handbag[æ]

blackboard[ɔ:]

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分

已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为

一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重

读音节的读音规则发音.

例如:

sun太阳+day[ei]日子>Sunday[i]

星期天

holy神圣+day[ei]日子>

holiday[i]假日

break中断+fast[a:]斋戒>

breakfast[ə]早餐

cup茶杯+board木板[ɔ:]>

cupboard[ə]碗柜

九,辅字组的读音

辅字组

b

[b]bikebusbag

[/]bombtomb

c

c在e前或在i/y前

[k]cakepicturecoatmusic

[s]facedecidecinema

ch

[t∫]muchchickrichteacher

[k]schoolheadachechemistry

[∫]machine

-ck

[k]cockpocketblackknock

d

[d]doctorbreadhandday

-dge

[dӡ]bridgefridge

dr-

[dr]childrendriverdrink

f

[f]fivefourbreakfast

g

g在ei/y前

[g]baggardongo

[dӡ]orangelargeGerman

gh

[f]coughenough

[/]lightdaughterhigh

gu--gue

gu在非重读音节中

[g]guessleaguedialogue

[gw]languageanguish

h

[h]hotheadhouhand

[/]hourhonest

j

[dӡ]jeepjarjokejoinJuly

k

[k]kindbikeskatemakeweek

kn-

[n]knifeknowknock

l

[l]lifemilkschooltall

m

[m]monkeycomeautumn

-mn

[m]autumncolumn

n

n在[k][g]音前

[n]notshinetennote

[ŋ]unclethankhungry

-ng

[ŋ]morningyoungwrong

p

[p]paperplanepigshippen

ph

[f]elephantphototelephone

q

[k]Iraq

qu-

[kw]qualityquite

r

[r]redrubberruler

单元音

1.[i:]e[si:],he,she,me,

meet前元音

2.[i]lily[‘lili],bill,

hit,give,sit前

3.[e]bed[bed],get,let,pet,

dead前

4.[æ]map[mæp],mad,dad,hat,

rat前

5.[ɑ:]calm[kɑ:m]dark,

heart,mart,garden后

6.[]hot[ht],lot,not,pot,

got后

7.[:]all[:l]mall,hall,

daughter,porter后

8.[u]book[buk],look,hook,

foot,put后

9.[u:]food[fu:d],good,

mood,blue,shoe后

10.[]cup[kp],luck,nut,but,

mug中

11.[:]bird[b:d],further,

fur,learn,pur中

12.[]sister[‘sist],heater,

peter,litter,meter中

双元音

13.[ei]day[dei],may,bay,

say,play

14.[ai]side[said],like,

night,kite,right

15.[ou][u]go[gou][gu]flow,

grow,low,so

16.[au]now[nau],bow,loud,

how,crown

17.[i]boy[bi],annoy,

employ,joy,enjoy

18.[i]here[hi],mere,gear,

rear,fear

19.[ε]care[kε],bare,

fair,chair,air

20.[u]poor[pu],mature,

tour,sure,cure

辅音

清辅音

21.[p]p

22.[t]t

23.[k]k

24.[f]f

25.[θ]th

26.[s]s

27.[ts]ts

28.[tr]tr

29.[]sh

30.[t]ch

浊辅音

31.[b]b

32.[d]d

33.[g]g

34.[v]v

35.[ð]th

36.[z]z

37.[dz]ds

38.[dr]dr

39.[]si(on）

40.[d]dg，g

其他辅音

41.[h]h

42.[m]m

43.[n]n

44.[l]l

45.[](on)g,(o)n

46.[r]r

47.[j]y

48.[w]w,wh