第三课时语法知识词法(2)
四、介词
1、一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语,
才能在句子中起作用。
有:in,on,at,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,in
frontof,from…to…,of
1、in
①在……里面。如:intheclassroom
②in+颜色,穿着……颜色的衣服。如:Whosthemaninwhite
③in+语言,用某种语言说。如:WhatsthisinEnglish
④在上午、下午、晚上。如:inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening
⑤在年、月、季节前。如:in2008,inAugust,insummer
⑥在国家、城市和较大的地方前。如:inChina,inWuxi,
2、on
①在……上面。如:onthedesk
②用在某一天(上、下午)前。如:onthe5thofMay,onSunday,onMondaymorning
③以Day结尾的节日前。如:onChildrensDay,onNewYearsDay
④固定搭配。如:onfoot(步行),onduty(值日),puton(穿上),geton(上车)
turnon(打开),ontheright/left(在右边/左边),onthewall(在墙上),onZhongshanRoad
(在中山路上)
注意:树上长的水果用onthetree;不是树上长的外来物用inthetree。
如:saboyinthetree.
3、at
①在某个时刻前。如:atvenoclock
②在传统节日前。如:atSpringFestival,atMid-AutumnFestival,atChristmas
③在较小的地点。如:atthebusstop
④固定搭配。如:atonce(立刻,马上),begoodat(擅长……),lookat(看),
athome(在家),atschool(在学校),atweekends(在周末),atnight(在夜晚)
4、under在……下面如:Thereisacatunderthetable.
5、behind在……后面如:Thereisanumbrellabehindthedoor.
6、near靠近……如:Thereisaparknearmyhou.
7、beside在……旁边如:Thestudentsarestandingbesidetheteacher.
8、nextto紧靠……旁边如:Theteachersofficeisnexttoourclassroom.
9、before(时间上)在……之前如:beforeclass(上课前)
10、after(时间上)在……之后;依照固定搭配:afterclass(课后),afterschool
(放学后),lookafter(照看),runafter(追赶),readafterme(跟我读)
11、between在两者之间
TherearesometreesbetweenBuildingAandBuildingB.
12、by乘某种交通工具如:bybus,byplane,bytheway(顺便说一下)
13、from
①befrom=comefrom(来自……)如:MrSmithsis/comesfromAustralia.
②from…to…(从……到……)WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
14、to到、去……如:Letsgotothezoo.
固定搭配:writeto(给xx写信)behappytodo(高兴做某事)
15、about关于;大约
如:utonekilometeraway.
16、for为、给……如:orbreakfast
固定搭配:lookfor(寻找),waitfor(等候)
17、with
①与……一起。如:Illgoshoppingwithmymother.
②具有某种特征。如:Who’stheboywithbigeyes
③help...with...在某方面帮助某人如:CanyouhelpmewithmyEnglish
④playwith...和……一起玩;拿……玩如:playwithme,playwithayo-yo
18、infrontof在……前面如:Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.
inthefrontof在……前部如:Thereisablackboardinthefrontoftheclassroom.
“的”thefirstdayofaweek一个星期的第一天
aphotoofJim’sfamily一张吉姆家人的照片
of量词的运用acupof,aglassof一杯
练一练:
一.将下列短语翻译成英语。
1.在早晨________________________2.在家_______________________
3.上周_______________________4.每年__________________________
5.下个周末___________________6.晚饭后_____________________
7.八点以前______________________8.在冰箱的前面_______________
9.步行_______________________10.乘公共汽车___________________
11.擅长游泳________________12.在一个星期五的早晨_____________
二.选用括号内恰当的介词填空。
1)What’sthis___________(at,on,in)English
2)Christmasis____________(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.
3)Theman_______________(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.
4)Hedoesn’tdowell_________________(at,on,in)PE.
5)Lookatthobirds____________________(on,in)thetree.
6)Wearegoingtomeet_________________(at,on,in)thebusstop
7)Isthereacat_________________(under,behind,in)thedoor
8)Welive_______________(at,on,in)anewhounow.
9)Doesitoftenrain_______________(at,on,in)springthere
10)Therearesomepictures(at,on,in)thewallandsomewindows
(at,on,in)thewall,too.
11)Theyhaveaparty(at,on,in)Children’sDay.
三.圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词,并将正确的答案写在横线上。
1)JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.___________
2)Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.____________
3)HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdaysonMay____
4)Women’sDayisatthethirdofMarch.._________
5)Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.___________
6)CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish________
7)IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.________
8)WhatdoyoudoontheSpringFestival_________
Homework
一.用适当的介词填空
___________blueisJack’sfather.
’thegirl_________smallmouth
’sMid-AutumnFestivalIt’s_______SeptemberorOctober.
,Nancyissitting____________herfatherandmother.
lebrotheralwayshasalot________questions.
’reveryhappy____________school.
_____________him.
ssroomis___________theteachers’office.
___________hegirl_________
oureadthenumber_____________one__________ten
nyoue___________thetreeSomepeaches.
’s__________home.
resomebikes__________thebigtree.
rumbrella____________thedoor.
sthe6th_________ingFestivaliscoming.
mesweplayfootball________ourteachers.
’ssixo’________getup.
18.---CanIhelpyou---Aglass________juice,plea.
’sacinema________thesupermarket.
’sshoesare________thebed.
________sitsinfrontme.
esomeapples________!
’s_______theboxThere’satoybear.
_______America,heisAmerican.
allygetsup_______halfpastsix.
school_______Monday_______Friday.
helpme_______myMaths
二、用所给的介词填空。
in,from,for,with,on,to,at,of
resomechildren_______theriver.
_________theeighthfloor.
dbuyhamburgers_______lunch.
ymother______thehouwork.
ightahead,thepostofficeis________yourright.
listening________me
sapicture_______hors.
aheavyboy_______shorthair.
usuallygiveluckymoneytochildren_______SpringFestival.
’sapostcard(明信片)__________theUSA.
llystay________home______Saturdayafternoon.
三.完形填空
ThisisapictureofKat’s__1__.Whatcanwe__2__inthepictureLook__3__it,
n__4__theblackcoatisKate’sfather,__5__inthe
___6__tleboyis
Kate’s__7__,Jim.__8___h,he’s___9__brother,
___10___young,too.
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