初中英语阅读300篇

初中英语阅读表达专题练习

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名师解析解题技巧，建议下载打印练习

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阅表达题是一种综合性的题型，测试目的是从多方位多角度考查考生通过阅读获取信

息、处理信息并进行书面表达的能力。比传统的阅读理解试题更具综合性和主观性，更能体

现对考生综合语言运用能力的考查。这类题目不但选材新颖、时尚，时代性更强（题材：健

康人生、休闲娱乐、文化教育、），而且体裁多样（体裁：以议论文、说明文为主）。然而，

同学们对这一题型中某些题目还是感到束手无策，不知从何下笔。针对这一情况，我们一起

对这个题型全面剖析一下。

一、阅读表达题型解析与解题指导

我们把这类试题的设题题型大体归为七类（6+X）：

①主旨概括：概括短文、短文中某一段落的大意或标题，或指出作者的写作意图

②句子填空：结合上下文,将文中空白处用合适的词语补充完整,使短文通顺

③翻译句子：将短文中指定的句子翻译成通顺的汉语

④同义语句替代：根据所给的英文句子寻找短文中意思相同的句子

⑤封闭型问题（Clo-endedQuestions）：结合文中具体依据进行回答

⑥开放型问题（Open-endedQuestions）：结合个人观点态度进行表述

⑦其它类型：结合文章的不同题材和体裁给出的其它类型的问题

根据近几年高考特点，分析如下：

1、文章标题、主旨概括类型

这类问题和阅读理解中的选择主旨大意一样。要求考生在理解全文后归纳文章的要点，

概括中心思想。题目的设题方式有：Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?Whatwouldbea

propertitleforthepassage?Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Whatdoesthepassagemainly

discusd?Forwhatpurpodotheauthormention……inparagraphone?Whatisthepurpo

ofthewriterwritingthepassage?等，标题可以是个短语或短句。做题时，考生需要把握作者

的观点、态度、语气等，分析文章的篇章结构，抓住文章开头的主题句或文章最后的结论，

尤其要注意文章的首位段的首末句，捕捉与题目有关的信息，从而找出能概括文章主旨的题

目和中心思想。主旨概括决不能以偏概全或是毫无目的，离题千里，一定要有高度的针对性，

要新颖,要做到精辟、简洁，还要注意书写格式和字数限制。

2、同义句替换

此题型相对于其他题型较容易。对于这种类型的问题，应注意英语语言的转换理解，弄

透所给句子的意思，然后根据语句中的关键词，迅速找出文中意义相同的句子，然后规范的

抄在指定的地方。常用设题方式有：Whichntenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythe

followingone?Whichntenceinthetext/passageistheclostinmeaningtothefollowingone?

Pleafindoutthentencewhichcanbereplacedbythefollowingone?

具体步骤如下：

(1)分清句子结构，注意关键词（词组），迅速找到相关语句。从一词多意、同义词辨

析、句型转换等方面进行研究、比较，避免文中相似句子的干扰。特别是关键词，关键词往

往为表示时间、地点等的状语，还要注意判断习惯用法和特殊句式，然后与进行比对，确定

其相似性，避免句子匹配错误。

(2)抄写规范、清晰。书写时要工整，避免抄写时粗心大意，不能够出现词汇、标点符

号等的错误，确保句子信息完整。

3、完成句子（多词填空）

这类设题方式一般是：①Pleafillintheblankinthepassagewithproperwordsor

phra.②Filltheblankinparagraph3withaproperntence.（后面有字数限制）。语境和上

下文之间的逻辑关系是回答该类问题关键。语句间的逻辑性是我们解决这类问题的着眼点，

要找出语句间的一些递进、并列、对比、转折、因果等的关系，在理解全文的基础上把握上

下文之间的逻辑关系，要充分考虑整句话的语言环境，特别注意上下，前后句子的弦外之意，

确定需要填写的是短语还是完整句子，最后整体验证，确保所填内容与上下文连贯一致。还

要注意的是该类问题的字数要求会比较少，所以语言一定要简练。

4、封闭型问题

对于封闭性的问题，首先应认真审题，弄清楚题目的要求，在文章中找到明确的依据，

忠于原文，不需陈述自己观点。回答应该具有针对性，紧扣题目，语言既要完整又要简洁。

回答要具有针对性，要避免答非所问。

封闭性问题要求设题方式有：Whatadviceisgiveninthe…paragraph?(within10

words)Whichofthesuggestionsdoyouthinkisthebestforyou?Andwhy?Accordingtothe

passage,whatisthewriter’sproblem?(within10words)Accordingtotheparagraph2,howdoes

theauthorsolvetheproblem?(within20words)

5、开放型问题

开放性问题是阅读表达中主观性最强的试题，需要考生在准确把握文章的主旨的前提

下，结合个人的观点、经验针对作者观点进行展开论述，也可以提出自己的见解并设计出符

合文章相关内容和题目要求的答案。该题的答案是多样性和主观性的，但同时必须符合题目

的要求。

设题方式有：Whatdoyouthinkof/wouldyoudo…(ifyouwere……)？?What

shouldwedoif…?Whatdoyoulearnfromthepassage?等。Whatothersuggestionswouldyou

givetosolve……problemmentioned？Howwouldyouttletheproblemifyouwere……?

6、语句翻译

本题主要考查考生理解英语语句的基本本能力，包括词汇、句法、语法和固定表达方面

等。要求翻译的句子往往是结构较为复杂（长难句）或者包括一些特定习语的句子。因此要

分析句子的结构并通过句子所在的情景弄清句子的意思，然后用通顺的汉语进行表达，同时

注意英、汉两种语言及其文体特征的差异。翻译时实现要找准句子的主干成分，然后确定一

些附属的部分(从句)，如定语，状语、插入语等等，弄清可以进行意译和直译两种方式，但

要在忠实于原文的基础上符合中文表达的习惯，尽量做到“信、达、雅”，且忌拼凑而造成文

不达意。设题方式有：Translatetheunderlinedntenceinthe…paragraph/passageintoChine?

7、其它类型题

以上为常见的几种题型，但是在考试说明中已经明确指出，“必要时可根据文章的题材

和体裁设置其他题目”。根据文章的需要设置的题型，如根据文中提供的一些数字信息等，

要求填写表格或是根据文章所提供的内容要求对于文章的篇章结构进行合理的推断等等。面

对这类问题时，也不要惊慌，要认真审题，沉着应答。

课后练习

（一）理智使用网络

SurfingtheInternetcanhelpopenstudents'cher,I

sthostudentswhosurftheInternetunderstand

s,peoplecanutheInternettowritelettersorstoriesand

alsomakefriendsby

eaperthancallingsomebodyfarawayandit'

ketolistentomusic,watchfilms,and

gototheirfavoritestars'theInternetcauproblems?Someofmystudentswho

etheyspendalotoftimeplaying

computergames.

gtheInternetcanhelpopenstudents'eyes,can'tit?(nomorethanvenwords)

'sthewriter?(nomorethanvenwords)

youmakefriendsontheInternet?(nomorethanvenwords)

yyoungpeoplesurftheInternetforfun?(nomorethanvenwords)

youthinkofsurfingtheInternet?

（二）英语的发展变化

Howdoweknowwhat'srightorwronginEnglish?LanguagessuchasFrenchandSpanish

eachhasanofficial(官方的)organizationthattellsyouwhat'reisnothinglikethat

canwedo?

Thereis,ofcour,thekindofEnglishyoureadinnewspapersor

sotheEnglishyoulearnatschoolorintextbooks.

However,elievably,linguists(语言学

家)thinkStandardEnglishisonthesamelevelasallothertypesofEnglishsuchasCockney

English，YorkshireEnglish,SouthAfricanEnglish,AustralianEnglish,SingaporeanEnglish...

Andaccordingtolinguists,thereisnosuchthingasStandardSpokenEnglish.

ear,

mple,formanyyears,theLatinword"agendum"wastheacceptedsingular

formand"agenda"r,thedays,veryfewpeopleuthe

Latin-sounding"agendum"，with"agenda"beingtheacceptedsingularform,and"agendas"the

plural.

mple,The

Guardianputsdateslike"21July2011"(withthedayfirst，followedbythemonthandno

commas).However,thenewsagencyReuterswritesthemlikethis"July21，2011"(withthemonth

first，andacomma(逗号)betweenthedayandtheyear).Othernewspapershavedifferentwaysof

，asyoucane,there'snoone"correct"way-there'savarietyofwaysandeach

oneisacceptable.

Nexttimesomeonetellsyouthatsomethingiswrong,tellthemthatitisn'twrong,itisjust

English.

ingtopassagetwo,howmanywayscanyoureadorlearnStandardEnglish

thepluralformoftheLatinword"agendum"inthepast?

sthenewsagencyReuterswrite"2016年1月20日"?

ingtopassageone,whatlanguageshaveofficialorganizationsthattellyouwhatis

correct?

ouldyoudowhenyoufacethechangesofEnglish?

（三）肢体语言

Bodylanguageisoneofthemostpowerfulmeansofcommunication,oftenevenmore

aroundtheworldshowallkindsoffeelings,wishesand

ssibletoreadothersaroundus,eveniftheydo

,bodylanguagecanbemisread,but

manygesturesandactionsarecommon.

Themostcommonfacialexpressionis,ofcour,the

notalwaysmeanthat

wearetrulyhappy,aroundtheworldcanbefal,hidingotherfeelingslikeanger,

reunhappysmiles,suchaswhensomeonelosfaceandsmilestohideit.

However,thegeneralpurpoofsmilingistoshowgoodfeelings.

Fromthetimewearebabies,weshowunhappinessorangerbyfrowning(皱眉头).Inmost

placesaroundtheworld,frowningandturningone'a

fist(拳头)andshakingitalmostalwaysmeansthatsomeoneisangry.

HowaboutshowingthatIambored?Lookingawayfrompeopleoryawningwill，inmost

cas,r,ifIturntowardandlookatsomeoneor

something,peoplefromalmosteveryculturewillthinkthatIaminterested.

Beingrespectfultopeopleissubjective,badoneachculture,butingeneralitisprobably

steveryculture,itisnotusuallygoodto

standtooclotosomeoneofahigherrank(等级).Standingatalittledistancewithopenhands

willshowthatIamwillingtolisten.

Withsomanyculturaldifferencesbetweenpeople,itisgreattohavesomesimilaritiesin

ftenbewrongabouteachother,soitisanamazingthingthatwe

understandeachotheraswellaswedo!

evenmorepowerfulthanspokenlanguageaccordingtothepassage?

themostcommonfacialexpression?

abiesnormallyshowtheiranger?

notgoodtodowhenyoustaywithsomeoneofahigherrank?

esthewritermainlywanttotellus?

（四）从失败走向成功

Whyaresomanypeoplesoafraidtofail?Quitesimplybecaunoonetellsushowtoface

thefailure(失败).Infact,etthatfailure

ispartofthehumanconditionandthateverypersonhastherighttofail.

istolower

60%hildfinishesmakingatable,the

motherdescribesitas"perfect"eventhoughitdoesn'erwayistoblame(责

怪)failsinscience,histeacherisunfairorstupid.

There'sachildunpreparedforthereallifeifthey

don'ngneedtolearnthatnoonecanbebestateverything,noone

ngshouldbeallowedtoexperiencefailure.

anbereally

goodtoyourlifewhenyoulearntouit.

nfailurebecomeinfact?

ywaysdomostparentschootopreventfailureandprotecttheirchildren?

60%oftheparentspreventfailureorprotecttheirchildren

ouldyoungpeoplebeallowedtoexperience?

ouldyoudowhenyoufacethefailure?

dAdamBruantuptheorganizationPencilsofPromi?

enistheorganizationbuildinganewschoolsomewheresixyearslater?

dtheboy'sanswermakeAdamrealize?

AdamBruantuptheorganizationPencilsofPromi?

youthinkoftheorganizationPencilsofPromi?Why?

（六）培养自力更生的学生

Twoyearsago,lthyricewas

notgrownbyfarmersbutbythestudentsfromasmallprimaryschoolofonlyaboutfiftypeople.

kingteachingplans,the

ntedthe

studentstogetclortothelandwhendoingthericefarmingoutsidetheclassroom.

What'sbetter,theschoolmademoneyfromllingthericeandgivingfarmingclasstothe

emoney,theschoolcouldhelpthestudentswhowishedtogotoforeigncountries

hedreamisbecomingreal—thestudentsareflyingtoJapantosharetheir

specialfarmingexperiences,andhavefunoverthere,ofcour!"Weallfeelveryproudthateven

studentsfromasmalltowncanmakethemlvesenintheworld,"saidoneoftheteachers.

dthestudentsbegintogrowrice?

idedtogrowrice?

thedecisionmade?

dthestudentsdowiththemoneyfromllingthericer

ouliketobethestudentstolearntogrowrice?Why?

themoufeelwhenitdiscoveredthemoutrap?

yanimalsdidthemouwarninall?(nomorethan3words)

themouverysad?

scaughtbythemoutrapthatnight?(nomorethan3words)

nwelearnfromthestory?

teamspirit?

indofteamspiritinthepassagedoyouhaveinyourgroupworkinclass?

odeffectsdoesteamspiritcreate?

anteamspiritbebuilt?

outhinkteamspiritisimportant?(请自拟一句话作答)

【参考答案】

（一）理智使用网络

,itcan.

er.

tingonQQ.

onethird.

ndinglotsof

timeplayingcomputergamesisbadforus.

（二）英语的发展变化

.

.

y20,2016.

andSpanish.

ldreadEnglishwidely.

（三）肢体语言

nguage.

le.

ning.

ahugortostandtooclotohimorher.

sofshowingfeelingswithbodylanguageandtheimportanceofusingit.

（四）从失败走向成功

ebecomeexperiencethatmeansgrowth.

.

werstandards./Byloweringstandards./Tolowerstandards.

riencefailure.

ldfaceitbravely.

（五）铅笔的承诺

2008./Hediditin2008.

90hours.

everbeentoschoolbeforeandthatwastherealityfor57millionchildrenaround

theworld.

hattoeducateeverychildortohelpchangetheworld.