XX年高考英语系动词及表语从句
系动词
1.最常用连系动词:be。
2.表变化的系动词:
get;turn;go;fall;become;grow;come;run。用法注意:在
英语中,系动词一般只有一般现在
时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式,没有其他时态变化
形式。但表变化的这类系动词除外,它们有各种时态变化。
Eg:Itisbecomingcolderandcolder.
Thefoodhasgonebad.
此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时
冠词的有无:
Eg:Twoyearslater,hebecameateacher.
但Twoyearslater,heturnedteacher.
另外,go表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。
3.所谓“感官动词”:look;sound;taste;smell;feel。
一般它们在句子中译成:。。。起来;。。。上去。此类系动词为
高考
高频词。Eg:Thefoodtastedgood.食物尝起来很香。
其中必须注意到它们本身也用作实义动词,所以在平常
的教学和应用中一定多比较、关注它们的用法。
Eg:Helookedsadlyatthepicture./Shelookedsadafterhear
ingthenews.
Tomtastedthefoodandittastedgood.
4.表状态的系动词:keep;stay;remain;(依然是;保
持)
Eg:Sheremainsloyaltoherfatherdespitehiscrueltytowar
dsher.
whatalovelydaytoday!IlovefineweatherandIhopeitwills
tayfineforsomemoredays.
muchremainstobedone.
5.表像系动词:em;appear。汉语意义:看起来像、
似乎、好像。这两个动词有一个共同的特点,即如果要表达
时态的变化,需要后接不定时来完成。
Eg:Heemedtohavecaughtcold./whenFathercamein,Tom
emedtobeeatingsomething.
另外此处一句型转换也要要求学生牢记
Itemedthathehadcaughtcold.
whenFathercamein,itemedthatTomwaatingsomething.
6.终止系动词:prove;turnout。表达“证实、证明、
结果为。。。”之意。
Eg:Heprovedright./Theexperimentturnedoutsuccessful.
系动词用法应注意的几个问题
.一般地说,系动词无进行时态,无被动语态
如:
yourhandfeelscold.
Thesouptastesgood.
Thedinnersmellsgood.
2.系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题。
某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如
get,become,grow,turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级
连用,表示渐进过程,其意思是“越来越……”。例如:
Heisgrowingtallerandtaller.
ourlifeisgettingbetterandbetter.
Thingsaregettingwor.
3.所有半系动词的被动语态要分情况讨论。
英语中某动词在作系动词用时,无被动语态,而作实义
动词用时,才有被动语态,二者不可混为一谈。例如:
不能说:Theappleistastedgood.因为taste此时是系
动词,“尝起来”之意,指的是苹果的性质,无被动语态)
但我们可以说:Theappleistastedbyme.这苹果被我尝
了一下。(taste此时指“尝一尝”这一动作,有被动语态)
因此,在平时的英语教学和学习之,要有意注意半系动
词在具体的语言环境中到底是系动词用法还是实义动词用
法,要注意区分、识别。
4.瞬间动态系动词能否与时间段连用的问题
英语中某些表示瞬间意义的系动词不能与“for+时间段,
since+时间点,howlonguntil+时间,by+时间,sofar”等直
接连用。例如:
①不能说:Hehasbecomeateacherfor2years.
应改为:Hehasbeenateacherfor2years.
②不能说:Hehasturnedwritersince3yearsago.
应改为:Hehasbeenawritesince3yearsago.
或Itistwoyearssinceheturnedwriter.
③不能说:Hegotangryuntilhischildcamebackhome.
应改为:Hedidn’
tgetangryuntilhischildcamebackhome.
5.系动词能接几种表语(从句)
系动词除了接.短语,还可接以下几种表
语形式:
①能接as
if/asthough表语从句的系动词有:look(看起来),
smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),feel(觉得);appear
(显得),em(似乎)。例如:
Itlooksasifwearegoingtohavesnow.看样子天要下雪
了。
Helookedasifhehadjuststeppedoutofmybookoffairytales.
他看来好像刚从我的童话故事中走出来似的。
Sheemedasifshecouldn’
tunderstandwhyLaurawasthere.看来她好像不能理解为什
么劳拉呆在那儿。
Itsoundstomeasthoughthere’sataprunningsomewhere.
我好像听到某处水龙头流水的声音。
Shefeltasifherheadweresplitting.她仿佛觉得她的
头要裂开了。
Theriverappearedasifenvelopedinsmog.那条河好像
笼罩在烟雾之中。
Itemsasifitwerespringalready.好像已是春天了。
②可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有:
em,appear如:
Itemedthathehadmadesomeriousmistakesinhiswork.
好像他在工作中犯了严重错误。
Itappearedthathewastalkingtohimlf.好像他在自
言自语。
③能用不定式作表语的系动词有:
be,em,,look,appear,prove,grow.
Herjobistolookafterthechildren.她的工作是照料孩
子们。
Heemsnottolookafterthechildren.他好像不是她的
父亲。
Helookstobeayounggirloftwenty.他看起来像是一个
20岁的年轻姑娘。
Hedidn’tappeartodislikeit.看不出他憎恨此事。
myadviceprovedtobewrong.我的建议证明是错误的。
④能与there连用的系动词有:be,appear,em.
Thereappearedtobeonlyoneroom.那儿好像只有一个房
间。
Thereemsnoneedtogo.似乎没有必要走。
Exerci
.Thestorysounds_________________
ue
rue
rangestaste__________
od
ll
3.---Areyoufeeling___________?
---yes,I’mfinenow
well
ter
good
etter
4.----canIjointheclub,Dad.
----youcanwhenyou_________abitolder.
get
vegot
5.---Doyoulikethematerial?
----yes,it_______verysoft.
ing
_____goodtolieint
hesunorswiminthecoola.
ngwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_______bythehou
r.
’
tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwill_____freshforvera
ldays.
ed
ing
ayed
uhavesaid_______.
A.issoundedinteresting
B.soundsinteresting
c.soundinterested
D.listensinterested
keep________.
A.silent
B.silence
c.thesilence
D.silently
!Severalpeopleinthecrowdemed_______.
A.tobefighting
B.tohavefought
c.beingfought
D.havingfought
_____thesongshesingssounds!Ihavenever______abe
ttervoice.
A.beautifully,sounded
B.beautiful,sounded
c.sweet,listenedto
D.sweet,heard
lingaboutthemarriage______ratherstrange.
A.islooked
B.isemed
c.ems
D.isappeared
shirt______right.
A.doesn’tfeel
B.isn’tfelt
c.isn’tfeeling
D.doesn’ttouch
pyit_______formetobehomeagainaftertwentyyea
rsabroad!
A.gives
B.feels
c.isfelt
D.isgiven
_____driversincetwomonthsago.
A.becamea
B.hasbecomea
c.hasturned
D.hasbeena
_____hefeltvery_______overthedeathoftheboy.
A.emedthat,sad
B.emedasif,sadly
c.lookedasthough,sad
D.lookedthat,sadness
8._______everyoneheretoday?
_______youngerthanI.
g
_______likethesingingofthebirds.
ndofcaketastes_______.
od
ll
ldrenalllooked_______atthebrokenmodelplane
andfeltquite_______.
,sad
,sadly
,sadly
,sad
ndofpaper_______nice.
ing
thproblemis_______andIcandoit_______.
,easily
,easily
,easy
,easy
eit_______!wouldyoulikesome?
erthedays_______colderandcolder.
g
参考答案:
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表语从句
表语从句的表现形式
.由从属连词引导。如:“that”,“whether”
Thequestionis
whetherweshouldaskthemforhelp.
Thetroubleisthathehasneverdonetheworkbefore.
2.由连接代词引导。如:“what”“who”“whom”“who”
“which”
Guilinisnotwhatitudtobe.
whatshewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.
3.由连接副词引导。如:“when”“why”“where”“how”
“becau”
ThatiswhereLuXunudtolive.
Thatiswhyhedidn’tpasstheexam
4.另可由asif,asthough引导。如:
Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain
表语从句两大要素:
.
除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。
2.除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当
相应的成分。
一些引导词的用法
(一)that在表语从句中
,又
。
Thefactisthathehasn’tyetrecoverfromillness.
Thereasonwhyhehastogoisthathismotherisillinbed.
比较在定语从句中的用法。
TherearesomefilmsthatI’dliketoe.
SheistheonlyoneamongusthatknowsFrench.
结论:that在引导定语从句时,指事物,也可指人,在从
句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
(二)what在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,表示
“什么,什么样子,或所……的(人或事)
.Thequestioniswhatcaudtheaccident.
untainisnolongerwhatitudtobe.
toldyouwaswhathadbeendiscusdatthemeeting.
(三)which在引导表语从句时,常充当定语,表语。表
示“其中哪一个“。如:
Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdon’t
knowiswhichitis.
比较在定语从句中的用法。
chinaisacountrywhichhasahistoryofXXyears.
Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords
结论:which在引导定语从句时,指事物,在从句中作主
语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略
(四)当主句的主语为reason,或者是why由引导的从
句时,与它们相关的表语从句用that来引导,而不能由
becau引导;becau引导表语从句时只能用于
It/That/Thisis/was
becau…
句型中.如:
ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatImisdthetrain.
/That/ThiswasbecauImisdthetrain.
(五)whether在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子
的成分。if不能引导表语从句.如:
whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecov
erfromtheriousdiasoon
(六)①asif从句用陈述语气的情况。当说话者认为句
子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。如:
Itsoundsasifitisraining.听起来像是在下雨。
Hetalksasifheisdrunk.从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。
②asif从句用虚拟语气的情况。当说话人认为句子所述
的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟
语气动词时态的形式如下:
(1)如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般
过去时。
如:youlookasifyoudidn’tcare.你看上去好像并不
在乎。
Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas.他说话的样子,好像
他知道她在哪里似的。
(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过
去分词”。
如:HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.他
说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。
Thegirllistenedasifshehadbeenturnedtostone那女
孩倾听着,像已经变成了石头似的。
(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/
could/might+动词原形”。
如:Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.他
张开嘴好像要说什么。
Itlooksasifitmightsnow.看来好像要下雪了。
(七)使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句,谓
语动词需用“should+动词原形”表示,should可省略。常
见的词有:advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan,
idea等。
mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.
Exerci
.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetne
xtweek.
r
2.Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.
e
eof
’s________youleftit
here
here
4.Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofTed
weget
canget
anget
canget
anttoknowis______helikesthegiftgivenbyus.
r
D.不填
sonis_________Imisdthebus.
_____wewerelatelasttime.
ked_________sheweretenyearsyounger.
gh
9.—Ifellsick!
--Ithinkitis_______youaredoingtoomuch.
e
sonwhyhehasn’tcomeis___________.
ehismotherisill
eofhismother’sbeingill
smotherisill
motherisill
1.—Hewasbornhere.
--Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.
______LuXunoncelived.
stionis____itisworthvisiting.
r
_____ithappened.
____thecitylies.
____hedidn’tcomeyesterday.
s___IwasthirteenIenteredtheNo.1middleSchool.
e
Dwhen
blemis____wecanmastermodernscienceandtechno
logyinashorttime.
9.–Doesn’iveonthisstreet?
-____ives.
sonwhyhehasbeensuchasuccessis____henevergi
vesup.
21.–whatisthatbuilding?
-___thegardenequipmentisstored
’swhere
sinwhich
ldingis
’sthebuildingwhich
lageisnolonger____overtwentyyearsago.
sit
was
lagewhatwas
sthevillage
23.___youarethefirstonehere.
sthatasif
sasifthat
sasif
sthatasthough
is___hewillbecomeadoctorinthefuture.
r
tedmeasthough/asif_____hisownson.
be
that/what的区别
._______yourfatherwantstoknowis________getting
onwithyourstudies.
;howareyou
;howyouare
;;howyouare
ubleis__________weareshortoftools.
t
awas__________wasfirstcalled“India”
bycolumbus.
ce
here
sbecomingstrongerandstronger.
Itisnolonger_________.
udtobe
wasudtobeing
udtobeing
wasudtobe
5.________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.
…that
…what
…what
…what
rgyis________makesthecellsabletodotheirwork.
高考练习
—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.
—Isthat_____youhadafewdaysoff?
itheraraincoatnoranumbrella
____Igotwetthrough.
’sthereason
’swhy
’swhy
’show
flagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas______wedidt
hismorning.
4.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?
---oh,that’s_____.
kesmefeelexcited
erIfeelexcitedabout
elaboutit
eelexcited
rpridmewasnotwhathesaidbut______hesaidit.
aythat
ay
which
6..youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_
___Idisagree.
tor’
sadviceisthatthepatient______abouthisrealphysicalco
ndition.
old
old
tbetold
tbetold
表语从句参考答案
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That与what的区别:DBAAAc
高考练习ABDAABB
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