故宫的英文

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故宫的英文介绍

Whatstrikesonefirstinabird's-eyeviewofBeijingproperisavast

tractofgoldenroofsflashingbrilliantlyinthesunwithpurplewalls

occasionallyemergingamidthemandastretchofluxurianttreeleaves

theformerImperialPalace,popularly

knownastheForbiddenCity,fromwhichtwenty-fouremperorsofthe

MingandQingDynastiesruledChinaforsome500years——from1420

gEmperorYongLe,whousurpedthethronefromhis

nephewandmadeBeijingthecapital,ordereditsconstruction,onwhich

approximately10,000artistsandamillionworkmentoiledfor14years

ent,thePalaceisanelaboratemuumthat

prentsthelargestandmostcompleteenmbleoftraditional

architecturecomplexandmorethan900,000piecesofcourttreasuresin

alldynastiesinChina.

LocatedinthecenterofBeijing,theentirepalacearea,rectangular

inshapeand72hectaresinsize,issurroundedbywallstenmetershigh

cornerofthewallstandsa

watchtowerwithadouble-eaveroofcoveredwithyellowglazedtiles.

Themainbuildings,thesixgreathalls,onefollowingtheother,are

tfacingsouthalongthecentralnorth-southaxisfromtheMeridian

Gate,thesouthentrance,toShenwumen,thegreatgatepiercinginthe

ersideofthepalacearemanycomparativelysmall

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ricallyinthenortheasternctionliethesixEastern

Palaceareaisdividedintotwoparts:theOuterCourtandtheInner

merconsistsofthefirstthreemainhalls,wherethe

emperorreceivedhiscourtiersandconductedgrandceremonies,while

ear

oftheInnerPalaceistheImperialGardenwheretheemperorandhis

familysoughtrecreation.

ThemainentrancetothePalaceistheMeridianGate(1),whichwas

sonamedbecautheemperorconsideredhimlfthe"Sonofthe

Heaven"andthePalacethecenteroftheuniver,hencethe

gateiscrownedwithfivetowers,commonlyknownastheFive-Phoenix

Towers(2),e

emperorwenttotheTempleofHeaven,bellswerestrucktomarkthis

wenttotheAncestralTemple,itwasthe

drumsthatwerebeatentopublicizetheevent.

BeyondtheMeridianGateunfoldsavastcourtyardacrosswhich

eris

spannedbyfivebridges,whichweresuppodtobesymbolsofthefive

virtuespreachedbyConfucius——benevolence,righteousness,rites,

intelligence,andfidelity(3).

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Atthenorthendofthecourtyardisathree-tieredwhitemarble

terrace,venmetersabovetheground,onwhich,oneafteranother,

standthreemajestichalls;theHallofSupremeHarmony(4),theHallof

CompleteHarmony(5),andtheHallofPrervingHarmony(6).

TheHallofSupremeHarmony,rectangularinshape,27metersin

height,2,300squaremetersinarea,isthegrandestandmostimportant

soChina'slargestexistingpalaceof

woodstructureandanoutstandingexampleofbrilliantcolor

lludtobethethronehallforceremonieswhich

markedgreatoccasions:theWinterSolstice,theSpringFestival,the

emperor'sbirthdayandenthronement,andthedispatchofgeneralsto

battles,occasionstherewouldbeanimperialguardof

honorstandinginfrontoftheHallthatextendedallthewaytothe

Meridiangate.

Onthenorthfaceofthehallinthecenteroffourcoiled-golden

dragoncolumnsisthe"GoldenThrone",whichwascarvedoutof

onerestsonatwo-meter-highplatformwitha

tofit,totheleftandright,standornamental

cranes,goncolumns

throneitlf,theplatformandthescreenareallcarvedwithdragon

ovethethroneisacolor-paintedcofferedceilingwhich

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changesinshapefromsquaretooctagonaltocircularasitascendslayer

ostcentralvaultiscarvedwiththegildeddesignofa

eEmperormountedthethrone,gold

bellsandjadechimessoundedfromthegallery,andcloudsofincen

rofromthebronzecranesandtortoisandtripodsoutsidethehall

aofmajestycreatedbytheimposingarchitecture

andsolemnritualweredesignedtokeepthesubjectsofthe"Sonofthe

Heaven"inaweandreverence.

TheHallofCompleteHarmonyissmallerandsquarewithwindows

llowed

bytheHallofPrervingHarmonyinwhichbanquetsandimperial

examinationswereheld.

BehindtheHallofPrervingHarmonyliesahugemarbleramp

b,about6.5

meterslong,3meterswideand250tonsinweight,isplacedbetween

twoflightsofmarblestepsalongwhichtheemperor'sdanwascarried

elargestpieceofstonecarvinginthe

edinthemountainsscoresofkilometers

southwestofBeijing,thisgiganticstonewasmovedtothecitybysliding

ideenoughwaterto

buildtheiceroad,wellsweresunkatvery500metersalongtheway.

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ThethreehallsoftheInnerPalacearereplicasofthethreehallsin

thefront,ethePalaceofHeavenlyPurity(7),

theHallofUnion(8),andthePalaceofEarthlyTranquility(9).

ThePalaceofHeavenlyPuritywasoncetheresidenceoftheMing

eQing

EmperorYongZhengmovedhisresidencetothePalaceofMental

Cultivationandturneditintoanaudiencehalltoreceiveforeignenvoys

motionanddemotionofofficials

heemperor'sdeathhiscoffinwas

placedherefora49-dayperiodofmourning.

ThePalaceofUnionwastheempress'sthroneroomandtheHallof

EarthlyTranquility,onceaprivatelivingroomfortheempress,was

tchamberrvedreligiouspurposandtheeast

onewasthebridalchamberwherethenewlymarriedemperorand

empressspenttheirfirsttwonightsaftertheirwedding.

TheImperialGardenwaslaidoutduringtheearlyMingdynasty.

Hundredsofpinesandcypressoffershadewhilevariousflowersgive

hecenterofthegardenistheHallofImperialPeace,aDaoisttemple,

peofroof

rtheasterncornerof

thegardenisarockhill,knownastheHillofthePiled-upWonders,

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ootofthehillaretwofountains

idthatonthe

ninthnightoftheninthmonthofthelunarcalendar,theempresswould

sobelievedthat

climbingtoahighplaceonthatdaywouldkeeppeoplesafefrom

contagiousdias.

ThesixWesternPalaceswereresidencesforempressand

Eastern

theyrveasspecial

muums:theMuumofBronze,theMuumofPorcelainandthe

northeastern-mostctionoftheInnerPalacearetheMuumof

TraditionalChinePaintingsandtheMuumofJewelryandTreasures

whererarepiecesofimperialcollectionsareondisplay.

NowtheForbiddenCityisnolongerforbidding,

tothePalaceMuumwillenrichthevisitors'knowledgeofhistory,

economy,politics,artsaswellasarchitectureinancientChina.

Notes:

idianGate午门

e-PhoenixTowers五凤楼

lence,righteousness,rites,intelligence,andfidelity仁、

义、礼、智、信

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lofSupremeHarmony太和殿

lofCompleteHarmony中和殿

lofPrervingHarmony保和殿

aceofHeavenlyPurity乾清宫

lofUnion交泰殿

aceofEarthlyTranquility坤宁宫