动词第三人称单数形式
主语有三单,动词也有三单,快点来习惯,体会在心里,一定要过关.
一、概念
动词第三人称单数:主语是第三人称单数,即谓语动词的发出者是it、she、he、可数
名词单数、不可数名词等表示单数概念的词时,实义动词后面要加-s或-es。(注意:若主
语不是第三人称单数形式,就直接用动词原形;若主语是三单,后有will等情态动词修饰
时,动词也用原形。)
二、动词三单变化规则(只有一般现在时才有第三人称单数)
动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律,同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数实义动词在词尾加“s”,在清辅音后发音为/s/,在浊辅音及元音因素后发音
为/z/。如:speak→speaks/s/;come→comes/z/;play→plays/z/
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后再加“es”,读/z/。
如:study→studies/z/;fly→flies/z/
3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的动词,在词尾加“es”,发音为/iz/。
如:teach→teaches/iz/;watch→watches/iz/
4、以“o”结尾的动词,在词尾加“es”。
常出现的两个以“o”结尾的动词go和do后加“es”,读/z/。
如:go→goes/z/;do→does/z/
5、记住最为特别的be的三单is;have的三单是has。
[注意](1)下面两个动词变三单时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,要记忆。
如:do/du:/→does/dz/;say/i/→says/z/
(2)以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,
与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。如:clo-clos[iz]
三、动词第三人称单数的句子结构。
1、肯定/否定句
三单+is+表语.三单+动词第三人称单数+其他.
三单+is+not+表语.三单+doesn't+动词原形+其他.
2、一般疑问句
1)当谓语动词是be动词时,一般疑问句结构为“Is+三单+表语”。它的肯定回答为:
Yes,三单+is.;否定回答为:No,三单+isn't.。
2)当谓语动词是实义动词时,在肯定句句首加助动词does,即“Does+三单+动词原形+
其他”。它的肯定回答为:Yes,三单+does.;否定回答为:No,三单+doesn't.。
3、特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
四、要点
1)一定要看准句子的主语是第三人称而且还是单数;
2)经常与频率副词连用:always(一直,总是),usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes
(有时),ldom(很少),hardly(几乎不),never(从不),onceaday(一天一次),twice
aweek(一周两次),threetimesamonth(一个月三次)。
如:IoftenspeakChine.我经常说汉语。
练习题
I、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。
godobuydrawshout
playteachmakecatchfind
swimjumpbegindighelp
misssingfinishgivekeep
danceworrysithearmatch
gethavelovelearncry
flystudycomecallsmile
bewritestopopencheck
lookdrinkleavereadpick
eatwalkstarttellpush
die________live________showvotejudge
buy_____carry______borrowlistenwash
II、用动词的正确形式填空。
1、I_____(go)homebybus.2、Jack______(go)homebybike.
3、When______(do)hegetup4、Hermum______(run)tothegoo.
5、He________(donot)likeapples.6、Sam______(put)itunderhisarm.
7、Theboy_______(cha)it.8、Kitty______(watch)TVeveryday.
9、Johncan’t______(find)hiswatch.10、Where_____(do)Grandmalive
11、MissWang___(live)inAmericanow.12、Thegirls___(give)thekeytoSally.
13、Thatkey______(open)theoldbox.14、She______(say)“Ilikethepuppets”.
15、What_____(do)Alicefind16、Whichtoy_____(do)shelike
17、Hedoesn’t______(know)hername.18.、Mike________(cook)inarestaurant.
19、He_______(speak)Japane.20、Howdoeshe______(go)tothepostoffice
21、Heoften______(have)dinnerathome.22、LiuTao____(do)notlikePE(体育).
23、She______(do)homeworkbyherlf.24、They_____(do)homeworkbythemlves.
25、Kate_____(walk)toschooleveryday.
26、LucyandLily______(walk)toschooleveryday.
27、DavidandBen______(be)inClassFour,GradeSeven.
28、Thegirl___________(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
29、He______(feed)themat8:00inthemorning.
30、She____(ride)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
31、We_____________(notwatch)TVonSunday.
32、SuHaiandSuYang_____(work)inashop(在商店).
33、There______(be)somewaterinthebottle(瓶子).
34、Thegiant(巨人)______(climb)upthebeanstalk(豆茎).
35、Michaelusually_____(listen)totheradiointhemorning.
III、选择正确的单词填到括号里。
1、WhatdoesCandy__________(wants,want)tobe
2、Heshouldn't__________(throw,throws)rubbishonthefloor(草地).
3、Peter____________(help,helps)hismotherwiththehouwork(家务).
4、Shenever__________(run,runs)inthelibrary(图书馆).
5、Wewill_________(fly,flies)kitesonthisSunday.
6、TomandMary_________(has,have)penpalsinChina.
7、They_________(speaks,speak)Englishafterclass.
8、He_________(don't,doesn't)getupearly.
9、What_________(do,does)yourfatherdo
10、Letus___________(fly,flies)kitesonthisFridayafternoon.
IV、将下列句子改为第三人称He的句型(看例句)。
例句:Ibrushmyteethonceaday.→Hebrusheshisteethonceaday.
1、IcomefromChina.___________________________________________
2、Youhaveabigblackknife._________________________________________
3、Whatdoyoudo__________________________________________________
4、Ourparentsworkinanoffice.___________________________________________
5、Whatcolorareyourclothes_____________________________________________
V、A:用括号里所给词的适当形式。
1、Thedesk_________________(have)fourlegs.
2、She__________(do)herhomeworkeveryday.
3、Danny____________(fall)andbreakshistail.
4、He____________(live)inShijiazhuang.
5、He___________(need)apairofshoes.
6、Danny______________(e)theappletree.
7、She______________(come)fromAmerica.
8、Mymotherandfather_____________(walk)totheofficeeveryday.
9、Dannyandhermothersometimes_____________(go)forawalkaftersupper.
10、Thetrain____________(leave)at10:13am.
11、Thathat_____________(look)likeacat.
12、Danny____________(hurt)hisno.
B:用括号里所给词的适当形式。
1、____thedesk_______(have)fourlegs
2、_____she_______(do)herhomeworkeveryday
3、_____he_____(live)inBeijing
4、_____he_____(need)apairofshoes
5、______Danny______(e)theappletree
6、_____she______(come)fromAmerica
7、_____thegirl_______(look)outofthewindowandemanybirdsinthesky
8、_______Jenny(run)homeand_______(sit)onthechair
VI、按要求改写句子。
1、DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________
2、Idomyhomework(家庭作业)everyday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
__________________________________________________________________________
3、Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
__________________________________________________________________________
4、Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定和否定回答)
__________________________________________________________________________
5、Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________________________
6、HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)_______________________________________
7、Shelikestakingphotosinthepark(公园).(对划线部分提问)
______________________________________________________________
8、JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)______________________________________
9、Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________________
10、SimonandDaniellikegoingshopping.(改为否定句,一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
VII、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
brotherspeakEnglish____________________________________
likesgoingfishing______________________________________
playinggamesafterclass.____________
hesusEnglish._________________
’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._______________
VIII、根据所给中文意思,在空白处填入适当词语完成句子。每空一词。
1.该吃晚饭了。It’stimeto________________.
2.你想来点儿面包吗Wouldyou________some________?
3.安太小,还不能上学。Annis________young________gotoschool.
4.约翰跑得和我一样快。Johnruns________fast________me.
5.布莱克太太经常在英语上帮助我们。ften_______us________ourEnglish.
6.老师让我们每天说英语。Theteachertellsus________________Englisheveryday.
7.为什么不让孩子们做他们喜欢的事情____________letthechildrendowhattheylike
8.你能告诉我你的新同学是谁吗______you_____me_____isyournew____________
9.我能很会说汉语,但我只能讲一些英语和日语。
Ican______Chinevery_____,______Ionlycanspeak______________and_______.
10.—他在心里说了什么_____________he_______intheletter
—他想要参观中国长城。He______/_____________to_______the_______________.
11.我们互相帮忙。We______________________.
13.—他住在英国吗_______he______________England
—是的,他是。_______,_____________.
14.我和我哥哥住在一起。I__________________brother.
15.这个老人一点都不喜欢棕色。This_____man_____________brown_____________.
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