judged

动名词与此刻分词用法的区别

动词的-ing形式按功能可分为动名词和此刻分词。动词的-ing形式何时为动名词，何时为此刻

分词。首先，咱们要从概念上区分。动词的-ing形式在起名词作历时，称为动名词；用作形容词或

副词时，称为此刻分词。其次，咱们要从用法方面区分动词的-ing形式是动名词仍是此刻分词。

一、动词的-ing形式用作主语时为动名词，此刻分词不可以用作主语。

1．动名词用作主语.

ReadingFrenchiasierthanspeakingit.阅读法文比讲法语容易。

Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.和他说话等于对牛抚琴。

Smokingcancaucancer.抽烟会致癌。

Growingrosisherhobby.种玫瑰是她的爱好。

2．有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面

It’sniceeingyouagain.再次见到你太好了。

Itwastiringdrivingfrommorningtillnight.从早到晚开车很累人。

It’sawondermeetingyouhere.在这里碰着你真是奇迹。

Itwasawasteoftimereadingthatbook.看那本书是浪费时间。

3.“Thereis+no”后可以用动名词作主语

Therewasnoknowingwhathecoulddo.他能做什么很难说。

Therewasnoarguingwithher.无法和她争辩。

二、动词的-ing形式用作宾语时为动名词，此刻分词不可以用作宾语。

1．有许多动词可接动名词作宾语

Isuggestedbringingthemeetingtoanend.我建议结束会议。

Soyoupreferlivingabroad?这样说你更愿意住在国外？

Hekeptcomplaining.他不断地抱怨。

Ifinishedreadingthebooklastnight.这书我昨晚看完了。

2．有许多带介词的动词固定搭配接动名词作宾语

Hehasgivenupplayingfootball.他此刻不踢足球了。

Priceskeeponincreasing.价钱不断上涨。

三、当动词的-ing形式用作状语时为此刻分词，动名词不可以用作状语。

此刻分词及其短语可以用作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、妥协、方式或伴随情况等。其

动作可能发生在谓语之前或以后，也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。

Climbingtothetopofthetower,wesawamagnificentview.

咱们爬到塔顶后，看到了一片壮丽的景象。（表时间）

Livinginthecountry,wehadfewsocialengagements.

咱们住在乡下，交际的机缘很少。（表原因）

Havingmoney,hewillbuyabiggercar.（表条件）

Knowingthecret,shewouldnottellmeaboutit..（表妥协）

Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.

那孩子摔倒了，头碰在门上碰破了.（表结果）

Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.他靠墙站着.（表方式或伴随情况）

四、动名词与此刻分词都可以用作表语，当动词的-ing的作用相当于名词时为动名词。当动词

的-ing的作用相当于形容词时，动词的-ing为此刻分词。

1．动名词用作表语

Herhobbyispainting.她的爱好是绘画。

Herjobwastendingthesheep.她的工作是放羊。

Themainthingisgettingthereintime.首要的事是及时抵达那里。

2．此刻分词用作表语

Thenewsincouraging.这消息令人鼓舞。

Thisstoryisveryinteresting.这个故事很有趣。

Thedaywassocharming.天气真是好极了。

Thedifferencewasmoststriking.不同很明显。

五、动名词与此刻分词都可以用作定语

此刻分词表示其所修饰的名词的动作，即:此刻分词与其所修饰的名词在逻辑上具有主谓关系。

通常能改成一个定语从句。动名词则表示其修饰的名词的性质，或用途或功能.二者在逻辑上无主谓

关系。因此，只能改成一个for加动名词的短语。

1．动名词作定语，动名词表性质或用途或功能。

swimmingpool游泳池drinkingwater饮用水

swimmingsuit游泳衣waitingroom候车室

sleepingbag睡袋parkinglot停车场

sleepingpill安息药writingdesk写字桌

wingmachine缝纫机writingpaper信纸

operatingtable手术室checkingaccount活期账户

divingsuit潜水衣readingroom阅览室

divingboard跳板playingground运动场

washingmachine洗衣机boxingcompetition拳击比赛

washingpowder洗衣粉speakingcontest演讲比赛

fishingpole钓鱼杆fishingline钓鱼线

2．此刻分词作定语

developingcountries发展中国家aboomingtown日渐繁荣的城镇

growingdoubts愈来愈大的怀疑theexistingcondition现有条件

theremainingdays剩下的岁月lastingpeace持久的和平

afallingstar流星theleadingnewspapers主要报纸

therulingclass统治阶级livingthings有生命的东西

theageingpopulation老化的人口therisinggeneration成长的一代

六、动名词与此刻分词都可以用作补语，但此刻分词用作宾语补语时，与前面的宾语组成复合宾

语。

具有这种复合宾语的动词多为表示感觉的动词，如：smell,obrve,watch,notice,lookat,

listento等。另外，有些使役动词如have,t,get,catch,keep,leave等可以后面接含有此刻分

词的复合宾语。还有，作为宾语补语的此刻分词有时前面可有as，前面的动词多用regard,consider,

describe,e,thinkof等。此刻分词用作主语补语，多用在被动结构中，与主语组成复合主语。而

动名词作补语对相应的动词却没这些规定。

1．动名词用作补语

IcallthisrobbingPetertopayPaul.我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。

（robbing是宾语补语）

Thisiscalledturningthingsupsidedown.这叫做把事物倒置了。

（turning是主语补语）

2．此刻分词用作补语

Wefoundhimwaitingtoreceiveus.咱们发现他等着欢迎咱们。

Wekeptthefireburningallthetime.咱们使火一直燃烧着。

Theydescribedtheyoungmanashavinginitiativeanddrive.他们说这青年踊跃肯干。

Hewasengoingupstairs.有人看见他上楼。

此刻分词和动名词练习

（1）此刻分词

farmer,________thebadly-injuredandwoundedsoldier,cameoutofthe

burninghou,________forhelp.

ting;tedby;called

upportedby;upporting;called

2.---Oh,it’allwedoatthemeetingthivening?

----We’llgoonwiththematter________thisafternoon.

iscusd

vemandied,________hisyoungwifenothingbuta________cottage.

;g;broken

;e;breaking

4.________hardbefore,Tomisafraidoffailingintheexam.

aveworked

aveworked

exam,theboywaspunishedbyhisfather.

pasd

ingpasd

________,Icanhavedoneitbetter.

it

,theboycouldn’tenterhishou.

beenlost

lostthekey

8.________intomanylanguages,thestoryiswellknownallovertheworldnow.

translated

beentranslated

9.________fortheterribleaccident,asthepublicthought,themayorfeltnervousand

wasatalosswhattodo.

oblame

10.________fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicine

withhimwhereverhegoes.

uffered

11.________fromwhathesaid,hemustbethethiefwhohasstolenthecar.

12.________withfright,ahungryfoxhidhimlfinasmallcave,________histailto

therain.

ing;ed;expod

ed;ing;expod

acherswerepraidatthemeeting,________.

ed

14.----Whowerethopeoplewiththeflags?

----Agroup________itlftheLeagueofPeace.

alled

15.________youthetruth,sheknowsnothingaboutit.

twiththelight________allnightlonglastnight.

g

an’tattendtheparty________atTom’shouatprentbecausheis

preparingaspeechfortheparty________atMarie’shoutomorrow.

eld;ld;held

;ld;tobeheld

uationismore________thanever.I’m________aboutwhattodonext.

d;ng;puzzling

ng;d;puzzling

________thatitwasgettinglate,Iputoffthelightandwenttobed.

20.________hermotherhadcome,herfacelitup.

heard

eheard

idn’tmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether,_______fun.

'tleavethewater_____whileyoubrushyourteeth.

ture_________onthewallispaintedbymynephew.

hunghung

n’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoi_______.

25.______fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsand

animalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.

parated

parated

illbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound______inthekitchen.

meanE-mail,_______togetfurtherinformation.

key:6-10CDDDC11-15AADBC

16-20DACBD21-27DBBACBB

（2）动名词

njoys_______at.

ughed

tdosomethingtopreventyourhou_______.

ingbrokenin

eakingin

sistedon_______anotherchancetotry.

ven

4.—Whereismypassport?Iremember_______ithere.

—Youshouldn'er_______itwithyouallthetime.

;g;taking

g;;taking

mneeds_______,sohemusthaveit.

ng;d;painting

ng;d;painted

inishinghishomeworkhewenton_______alettertohisparents.

write

ngtreesweplantedlastweekrequire_______withgreatcare.

after

oodcareof

_______Englishdoesn'tmean_______thelanguage.

learn;tolearn;learning

about;learnabout;learning

urnedhomeonlytofindthedooropenandsomething_______.

bemissingbemisd

idedtodevoteherlf_______theproblemofoldage.

studystudying

er_______thenewspaperwhenyouhavefinishedit.

backbackputbackputback

slookingforwardto_______fromme,plearemember______thisletter

onyourwaytoschool.

;post;topost

heard;postinghearing;toposting

asaidthatshehadalotoftrouble_______yourhandwriting.

readeeing

gstoriesandarticles_______whatIenjoymost.

eciate_______ustotheball.

nvited

oumind_______quietforamoment?I'mtrying_______aform.

g;;tofillout

g;;fillingout

fraid_______forbeinglate.

eingbeingenbeenhaveen

18.I'dliketosuggest_______themeetingtillnextweek.

toff

'tehowIcouldpossiblymanage_______theworkwithout.

;sh;beinghelped

ing;ing;beinghelped

ngworth_______isworthyof_______well.

;;doing

ne;ne;beingdone

dthemtotakearest,buttheyinsisted_______thework.

finishfinishingfinishing

ed_______yourletterbecauIhadbeenawayforaweek.

post

efdroveasfastashecouldtoescape_______bythepolice.

becaughtcaughtcaught

hedformywalletanditwasn't,IthoughtI_______itathome.

ThenIremembered_______itouttopayforthetaxi.

haveleft;totakeleave;taking

leave;totakehaveleft;taking

25._______thenewsofhisfather'sdeath,heburstintotears.

hearinghearinghearingheared

26._______hismother,thebabycouldnothelp.

e;tolaugh;tolaugh

;laughinge;laughing

'snou_______somuchmoneyonclothes.

spent

tenceneeds_______.

improvement

cceeded_______ajob,hischildrenwouldn'tbesufferingfromhunger

now.

findlookforfindinglookingfor

remember_______tomyhometownwhenIwasyoung.

takentake

1-5CBCCA