北极的英文

北极光的知识(英文版)

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SectionAFinlandNorthernLights

TheNorthernLights,alsoknownas“AuroraBorealis(北极光)”

orthe“DawnoftheNorth”,

auroraborealisisoneofthemostsublime(超群的)andmagnificent

scientistscracked(侦破)the

mysteryoftheauroras,menweredrawn(吸引)andfascinated(强烈

地吸引住)bythedancingandmagicallightsthatwereoftenfound

inmythology(神话)nMythology,itissaidthat

theAuroraisthedeity(神)hAmerica,theInuits

(爱斯基摩人)havemanylegendsthatexplainthemasspiritsofthe

lievedthatthelightsaretheesnces(精华)ofdeer,

salmon(鲑鱼),tle(亚

里斯多德)thoughtitwasglowingairgushing(喷出)fromcracksin

earanceoftheredaurorainmedieval(中世纪的)

timeswasfearedasabadomen(前兆)orasignofGod'

believedthemanifestation(显现)oftheauroraindicatedfamineor

sHall(查尔斯·霍尔),a19th-centurypolarexplorer,

exclaimed:"WhobutGodcanconceive(想出)suchinfinite(无穷的)

scenesofglory?"Oddlyenough,theMaori(毛利人)thoughtthatthe

displayswerejustreflectionsofacampfire(营火)ortorches.

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Regardlesswhetheryoubelievethescientificfactsorthelegendsbehind

itxistence,you’llstillbecaptivated(吸住)bythesupernaturaldisplay

oflights,andtherearecountlessdestinationswhereyoucanethe

d（芬兰）,forexample,shouldbea

sitorstoFinlandcomewithhopesofeingthe

tplacetoetheNorthernLightsin

FinlandisinthenorthernLaplandregion(拉普兰地区),whichisalmost

entirelylocatedwithintherealm(区域)oftheArcticCircle(北极圈).

Duringthedarkwintermonthshere,whenthesunrarelypeaks(使达到最

高峰)itsheadoverthehorizon,youcanexpecttoetheFinlandNorthern

Lightswithregularity,andotherpeak(峰值)asonsincludeFebruary

ebetween6p.m.

hestprobability

withinthistimespan（时间间隔）toetheFinlandNorthernLightsis

11:30p.m.,thoughtheyarecertainlynotrestrictedto

aveneverentheNorthernLightswhereverthey

commonlyoccurintheworld,thenyouwillbeamazedthefirsttimewhen

youlayeyesonthem.

TheNorthernLightsaresimilartoasuntintheskyatnight,but

appearoccasionallyinarcs（弧光）orspirals（螺旋形物）usuallyfollowing

theearth'smagnetic（磁性的）emostoftenlightgreenincolor

ng(涡旋形的)shadesofblue,green,

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andpinkaremostcommonwhenitcomestotheFinlandNorthernLights.

Strongeruptionsalsohaveviolet(紫罗兰色的)

northernlightsarerare,butcansometimesbeobrvedonlower

latitudes(纬度).

TheFinlandAuroraBorealis,whilebesteninLapland,canalsobe

witnesdasfarsouthasthecapitalcityofHelsinki(赫尔辛基)fromtime

totime,thoughonaverage,thereareonlysometwentydaysoutoftheyear

ofthereasonwhyitcanbedifficulttoetheNorthernLightsofFinland

inHelsinkiisbecauofthefactthatitishardtoescapetodimlylitareas.

TherelativelackofcitylightsisjustoneofthereasonswhytheLapland

regionessome200nightlyoccurrenceveryyear,andonemustalso

considertheregion’erreaches(区域)ofthe

ArcticCircleareidealforviewingtheNorthernLightsacrosstheplanet,

whichiswhyCanadaandAlaskaaregooddestinationsintheWestern

Hemisphere(半球).

ForthowhoarewonderingwhatcaustheNorthernLightsin

Finland,solarflares(耀斑)lareffectively

causolarwindsandsolarstorms,whichcreatelingering(游移的)

oraBorealisisjustcaudby

thecharged(带电的)particles(粒子)ejected(喷出)

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theparticlesreachtheearth,theycollide(碰撞)withgasatomsinthe

earth'satmospherecausingthemtoenergi(释放出能量)whichresultsin

(因此),scientistscanoften

accuratelypredictwhenthebesttimesareforviewingtheNorthernLights

inFinlandbykeepinganeyeoutfor(留心)solarflares.(757words)

NewWords

aurora[ɔ:'rɔ:rə]n.曙光[C];极光[C];【罗神】(大写)奥罗拉(即曙

光女神)

sublime[sə'blaɪm]a.雄伟的；卓越的；壮丽的；超群的

crack[kræk]v.敲破;破(案);破解

drawv.吸引(注意等)

fascinatev.强烈地吸引住

mythology[mi'θɔlədʒi]n.神话

deity['di:iti]n.神

esnce['esns]n.精髓，精华

salmon['sæmən]n.鲑，大麻哈鱼

gush[gʌʃ]v.涌出，喷出

medieval[medi'i:vəl]a.中世纪的，中古（时代）的;原始的

omen['əumən]n.前兆，预兆，兆头

manifestation[,mænifes'teiʃən]n.显现

conceive[kən'si:v]v.想像；想出

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infinite['infinit]a.无穷的，广大无边的

campfire['kæmp,faiə]n.营火,篝火

captivate['kæptiveit]v.吸住；迷惑住

realm[relm]n.区域，范围

peakvt.使达到最高峰n.最大量；巅值，峰值

timespann.时间间隔

arc[ɑ:k]n.弧；弧光

spiral['spairəl]n.螺旋形物

magnetic[mæg'netik]a.磁(性)的

swirling[swə:l]v.(使)打旋;盘绕

violet['vaiəlit]a.紫罗兰色的

latitude['lætitju:d]n.纬度

reachn.区域，领域，范围

hemisphere['hemisfiə]n.半球

flare[flɛə]n.(太阳的)耀斑，色球爆发

lingering['liŋgəriŋ]a.逗留不去的；游移的

chargev.充(电)

particle['pɑ:tikl]n.颗粒，微粒；粒子

eject[i'dʒekt]v.喷出

collide[kə'laid]v.(车等)碰撞(with)；(意志等)冲突，抵触(with)

energi['enədʒaiz]=energize（美）vt.供给...能量，使精力充沛

vi.释放出能量

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UfulExpressions

takeone’sbreathaway屏息凝神

withregularity经常地

berestrictedto局限于

layeyeson看到，看见

ahintof一丁点儿

collidewith(车等)碰撞；(意志等)冲突，抵触

assuch这样；因此

keepaneyeoutfor留心

ProperNames

AuroraBorealis北极光

theInuit因纽特人；爱斯基摩人

Aristotle亚里斯多德

CharlesHall查尔斯霍尔

Maori毛利人；毛利语

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Finland芬兰

Laplandregion拉普兰地区

ArcticCircle北极圈(北纬66度33分以北区域)

Helsinki赫尔辛基(芬兰首都)

Notes

Borealis:北极光---"北端的光"

由太阳风和地球磁场及上层大气交互作用产生。与南极光(aurora

australis)一起,统称为极光。auroraborealis这个词是由一个法国的

科学家PierreGasndi命名的。

:古希腊曙光女神

古希腊女神奥罗拉(也叫厄俄斯)是曙光女神，她在将光明带

往人间的时候，爱上了忧郁的特洛伊王子梯托诺斯，并将王子带

回了奥林匹斯山。月亮女神阿尔忒弥斯帮助她将王子藏了起来，

并告诉他去宙斯的神殿祈求王子得到长寿。奥罗拉向宙斯祈求了

王子的长寿，却忘记了祈求他的永葆青春。于是王子迅速地老去，

并被奥罗拉嫌弃，扔回了人间。但是奥罗拉为他生下了孩子，想

把孩子留在奥林匹斯，可是宙斯不同意。趁奥罗拉不在，宙斯把

孩子带回了人间，奥罗拉悲痛欲绝，却毫无办法。因为女神的悲

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伤，世界失去了光明。最后奥罗拉被宙斯劝说，继续为人间带来

光明。

is:是指北部地区

Borealis与Australis相对,Australis是指南部地区。

起源:这个词是由希腊语Boreas而来,就是北风的意思。在希腊语

中,各个方向的的风都有属于自己的名字：Notus南风；Zephyrus西

风；Euro东风。

d：芬兰

芬兰位于欧洲北部，与瑞典、挪威、俄罗斯接壤，有“千湖之国”

之称。芬兰最早的居民为拉普人，故芬兰又称拉普兰。

dregion：拉普兰

拉普兰是芬兰最大、同时也是最北端的省份。拉普兰的旅游景点非常

有特色，且野生动物资源丰富，因此吸引了全球各地的人们前来观光。

拉普兰有着芬兰最富有盛名的国家公园，如圣诞村。此外，它还是观

测北极光的最佳地点之一。到此一游堪称是旅游的最高境界，终极追

求。

ki:（芬兰首都）赫尔辛基赫尔辛基不仅是芬兰首都，

同时也是这个国家的最大城市。

SectionBAuroraBorealis

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Theauroraisawidespreadcurtain-likecolouredglowintheupper

rcticcircle,theauroraappearsasaring-shaped

glow,likeahalo(晕圈),overthenorthernpointofScandinavia,the

Siberiancoast,Alaska,northernCanada,andthesoutherntipof

Greenland.

Thisglowiscaudbyhigh-energyelectronscollidingwithoxygen

atomsandnitrogen(氮)icprocessisthesameas

thatofaneonsign(广告霓虹灯),whichinvolvesavacuum(真空)and

ahighvoltage(电压)electricaldischarge(放电).

Theelectricpowerisgeneratedbyacombinationofthesolarwind,

ahotionized(电离)gasblowingoutfromthesun,andtheEarth's

ifically,theAuroraoccurswhentheEarth’s

magneticfieldcollideswiththesolarwindcomingfromtheSun,

causingatransferofenergythatcreatesthenorthernhemisphereto

glow,oducesmorethan1,000

timestheelectricalpoweroftheworld'slargestpowerplant.

Theeruptionsareloolytiedtothesolaractivitycycle,whichlasts

gestterrestrial(地球上的)effectstendto

happenwhenactivityisatitsmaximumandintheyearsfollowing

r,largedisturbancescanhappenatanypartof

thecycle.

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Inaddition,theoccurrenceofaurorasstilldependsonthelatitude

oraLightsformanovalbandaroundthe

tanceabout2500kmfromthe

poles,theprobabilityforeingaurorasisalmost100%.

TheNorthernLightshaveveralcolourfulvariations(变差).The

combinationofyellows,pinksandgreensarecreatedbyoxygen

moleculesthatarefound60milesabovetheearth’satmosphere,

whilsttheblueandthecombinationofblueandpurpleisproduced

bynitrogen,andtherarestofallauroras,thered,isaproductof

high-altitudeoxygenfound200milesaboveEarth’satmosphere.

Oneofthemostwondrous(奇妙的)featuresoftheauroraisits

spectacularmovement,asitswirls(弯曲盘旋)rapidlyoverthewhole

enomenoniscalledtheauroralsubstorm(磁层亚暴).The

movementiscaudbychangesinboththeelectricandmagnetic

sinthefieldsarecaud

tillfarfrom

understandingthechainofprocessthatleadtotheauroral

substorm.

Thepredictionoftheoccurrenceofaurorasisdifficultbutwedo

retwokindsofNorthernLights

prediction:merisbadona

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magnetometer[,mægni'tɔmitə]n.地磁仪

detector[di'tektə]n.检波器，指示器

deviation[,di:vi'eiʃən]n.偏向，偏差

ProperNames

Scandinavia1.斯堪的那维亚半岛2.北欧

Siberian西伯利亚的;来自西伯利亚的

Alaska美国阿拉斯加州

Canada加拿大

Greenland格陵兰岛(北美东北的一大岛名,属丹麦)

Norway挪威