deba

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常见的前缀：

under‐ :

① below

undercharge 索价低，undercoat底漆, underclothing内衣类, underdone半熟的，嫩的,

undercurrent暗流

② insufficient

undermanned人员不足的, undernourished营养不良的, underpaid工资过低的

underplay贬低…的重要性，对…轻描淡写的

anti-=against反，对立

antibody抗体 anticraft 防空

dis‐:todotheopposite,rever

discover, dissuade, disadvantage, discharge

de‐ =(formingverbsandtheirderivatives)down;away［构成动词及其派生词］“向下”，“在远

处”

deba [ba = low] v. 贬低，贬值 debris [bris = break] n. 残骸，垃圾，碎片，岩屑

decay [cay = fall] v. / n. 衰落，衰退，腐烂 decea [cea = go] v. / n. 死亡

decide [cide = cut] v. 决定，决心 despi [spi = look] v. 轻视，蔑视

detonate [ton = thunder] v. （使）爆炸 devour [vour = eat] v. 吞食，毁灭

micro-:extremelysmall

microcomputer, microscope, microphone, microsurgery

常见的后缀：

-fy:tocausb./me

identify—identification, modify—modification,

purify—purification, beautify—beautification

‐ist: ① =“人”

feminist (n.) 女权主义者; naturalist (n.) 自然主义者; dentist (n.) 牙医; pianist (n.) 钢琴师

‐ist: ② = “…主义的”

capitalist (a.) 资本家的; materialist (a.) 唯物主义的; socialist (a.) 社会主义的

‐ent = “具有…性质的”，用于构成形容词

insistent (a.) 坚持的; obedient (a.) 服从的; prevalent (a.) 流行的

‐ent =“人”

correspondent (n.) 通信者; president (n.) 总统; resident (n.) 居民

–logy,-ology=studyof,scienceof

anthropology, chronology, morphology, mythology, philology, psychology

常见的词根：

Chapter 1

alter, altru, ulter = other

alter改变；alternate交替，轮换；alternative两者选一；altruism利他主义

pel, pell, puls = drive, beat, push 驱，推，逐

expel驱逐；除名; impel 驱使; dispel 驱散repel击退; repellent驱散剂

compulsive不由自主的; compulsion冲动; compulsory规定的

cid, cis=to cut 切，杀

2

suicide自杀; incticide杀虫剂; pesticide农药; conci简明的; precision精密

vert, vers = to turn

divert转向; revert恢复原状; introvert性格内向的; extrovert 性格外向的; traver横跨;

rever逆转; diversify多样化; aversion厌恶; adver有敌意的；adverti广告

Chapter 2

log= to speak 说

monologue 独白; trilogy三部曲; prologue前言; analogy类比; eulogy颂歌; catalogue目录;

apologize道歉，辩解

tend, tent, tens = to stretch, spread

contend竞争; intend意向; intensive集约的，强化的; content内容，满足; tendency倾向;

tension张力; hypertension高血压; attendance出席

luc, lumin, lustr, lux = light, shine 光，照

lucent透明的; translucent半透明的; lucid清澈的; illuminate阐明，照明; illustrate说明;

luminary发光体，名人

fug = to flee, escape 逃，散

fugitive逃亡的（者）; refugee难民; centrifuge离心; centrifugal离心的

Chapter 3

part, parc, port = divide, part

partly; partition 分隔物，隔墙； 分割，瓜分; depart 离开，启程; impart 传授;

compart 把…分成若干部分; compartment分隔空间，（火车，客船的）隔间;

particle (‐icle 小) 粒子，微粒，小品词，虚词; portion, proportion

leg,legis = law

legal; legalize使…合法化; legislation立法; legislator议员; privilege特权

nai, nat, nasc = to be born

naivety天真; natal出生的; prenatal 产前的; postnatal出生后的; neonate新生儿;

natality出生率; innate天赋的

Chapter 4

spec,spect,spic=tolook

spectacle 景象; perspective 视角; retrospect 回顾

radic = root 根

eradicate 根除

fort = strong 强的，强制

fortress堡垒; enforce 强制实施; effort 努力

lev = to rai, light, lighten 提升，使轻而易举

elevate升高; alleviate 缓解; levitate 悬浮

Chapter 5

rod, ros = gnaw, bite 咬，啮

corrode腐蚀; anticorrosion 防腐蚀

lud/lus = to play 玩耍，游戏

prelude 前奏曲; delusion 妄想; elusive 难以捉摸的

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ply, pli, plic, plicit, plex = to fold, twist, bend, tangle, connect 折，曲， 弯， 缠， 连

comply 遵从; implicit 隐含的; explicate 解说; complex 复杂的

st, sta, stat = to stand 站立

status 地位; stable 稳定的; distance 距离

nov, novo = 新

novel 新奇的; renovate 革新; innovate 创新

Chapter 6

vis, vid = e

vision; visual; supervi; televi; evident; provided; provident有预见的

Chapter 7

tain = to hold

attain; contain; detain 拘留拦住; entertain; maintain; pertain 属于关于; retain

fic (fac的变体) = face

artificial; facial; interfacial界面的

nounce = to report

announce; pronounce; renounce宣布放弃

ced= go. yield

intercede 从中调停; precede领先; procedure步骤; recede后退减弱

Chapter 8

ceiv, cei = to take

conceive;deceive;perceive;receive(v.)----conception,deception,perception,reception(n.)

deceit(n.) ;receipt(n.)

vers, vert = to turn(与chapter1重复)

versatile; version; aversion; adver 敌对的, 不利的; anniversary; conver; inversion;

rever; universal; convert; divert; introverted; extroverted

hibit = to hold

exhibit; prohibit

habit= to dwell

habitat; cohabit; inhabitant

Chapter 9

al, alter, altern = other, to change

alternate交替; alternative二者择一

ampl = large

amplify (v.) 放大，扩大; amplifier (n.) 扩音器，放大器; amplitude (n.) 广大，宽阔

chron(o) = time

chronicle (n.) 编年史; anachronism (n.) 时代错误; synchronize (v.) 同时发生;

chronology (n. ) 年代学; chronometer (n.) 精密计时器

Chapter 10

nom, nomin, onym = name

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nominal (a.) 名义上的; nominate (v.) 提名，任命; homonymous (a.) 同名的

pudonym (n.) 假名; synonym (n.) 同义词; antonym (n.) 反义词

min = to project“伸出，突出”

eminent (a.) 杰出的，突出的; supereminent (a.) 卓越的

Chapter 11

flu = flow 流动

fluid a. 流质的; n. 流体 fluctuate v.上下移动; 波动 superfluous a. 多余的, 不必要的

doc, dog, dox = teach

docile adj. 顺从的；可教的（容易教导的） didactic adj. 教训的，教诲的

document n. 证件，文书，公文

doc, dog, dox = teach

dogma n. 教条 orthodox adj. 正统的 heterodox adj. 异端的

dogmatism (n.): 教条主义；武断 [u] dogmatist (n.): 教条主义者；武断的人

dogmatize (v.): 教条地或武断地表达 dogmatize (about sth)

Chapter 15

lap = slip, glide 滑，落

collap [col‐ = com‐ (together) + lap (slip, glide) →] n. 倒塌；v. 使倒塌（一起滑落）

lap n. 失误, 过失; 小毛病 relap v. / n. 旧病复发

vad = to go

invade v. 侵略；侵袭 pervade [per = through] v. 遍布，弥漫

wade v. 跋涉，艰苦进行；n. 跋涉（特别指在水中行走）

flu‐ = flow

fluid n. 流体；adj. 流质的 affluent adj. 富裕的, 富足的 affluence n. 富裕

confluent adj. 汇合的 confluence n. 汇合处,汇流处,交汇处

effluent adj. 发出的,流出的 effluence n. 流出物 influent adj. 流入的，注入的

influence n. 影响；作用 influential adj. 有影响的；有势力的

fer = carry, bear

ferry n. defer [de‐ (down) + fer (carry) →] v. 顺从，服从

prefer [pre‐ (before) + fer (carry) →] v. 更喜爱；宁可；偏爱

transfer [trans‐ (across) + fer (carry) ] v. 转移

sist = stand

assist v. 出席，帮助 consist v. 组成

resist [re‐ = back, against] v. 抵抗，对抗，忍住；n. 防杂剂；绝缘涂料

Chapter 17

fer = carry, bring

confer 商谈, infer推论，推断, refer查阅，参考, prefer更喜欢，宁愿, differ不同,

suffer遭受，忍受,transfer转移，调动

conference, inference, reference, preference, difference，

fertile肥沃的，富饶的 fertilizer 肥料

equ(i) = equal

equal相等的，胜任的, equality, equator赤道, equation等式，方程式；均等,

5

equivalent相等的，等价的；等价物，等值物，adequate足够的，充分的，恰当的

pos, pon = put

po摆姿势；提出问题，阐述观点, compo组成，；创作（曲，诗歌等）,

dispo处理，处置, expo暴露, oppo反对，反抗, propo提议，求婚

purpo意图，用途, suppo假定，料想

composition, disposal(disposition 性情；倾向), exposure (exposition展览会，博览会),

opposite, proposal(proposition主张，命题)，

component组成的； 成分，部件, compound混合的， 复合的； 混合物,

postpone推迟，延迟,opponent对手，反对者；对立的，对抗的

opt= choo

optional可以选择的， 非强制的 , adopt采用收养, optimum最优，优选,

optimism, 乐观，乐观主义optimistic乐观的

pass, path, pati = suffering, feeling 痛苦，感情，忍耐

passion热情，激情，

pathetic哀婉动人的，可怜的，sympathy同情心，赞同 sympathetic同情的，共鸣的，

patience耐心忍耐，patient, impatient; compatible 适合的， 兼容的

Chapter 12

graph, gram = something written or drawn “写”，“画”

autobiography [auto‐ (lf) + bio (life) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 自传

autograph n. 亲笔签名；亲笔稿

calligraphy [calli‐ (beautiful) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 书法

choreography [choreo‐ (dance) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 舞台舞蹈设计

dictograph [dicto‐ (speak) + graph (write) →] n. 窃听器, (电话)窃听器

cryptogram [crypto (hidden) + gram (write) →] n. 密码，暗号

diagram n. 图解，简图；示意图

gramophone (= phonograph) n. 留声机

parallelogram n. 平行四边形

photograph [photo‐ (light) + graph (write) →] n. 照片；v. 给…拍照

program [pro‐ (before) + gram (write) →] n. 节目，程序（事先书写的东西）

stenography [steno‐ (narrow) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 速写；速记

telegram v. 电报

phon = sound, speech “声音”

interphone n. 内部电话; 对讲机

microphone n. 扩音器，麦克风，话筒

phonetics n. 语音学

phonovision (= phonevision) n. 电话电视,有线电视

saxophone n. 萨克斯管

symphony n. 交响乐, 交响曲

telephone n. 电话

xylophone n. 木琴

spect = look, watch “看”(与chapter4重复)

inspect [in‐ (into) + spect (look) →] v. 检查, 检验

prospect [pro‐ (forward) + spect (look) →] n. 预期，展望，前景

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respect [re‐ (again) + spect (look) →] n. /v. 尊敬，尊重

retrospect [retro‐ (backward) + spect (look) →] n. 回顾, 回想

spectator [spect (look) + at (v.) + or (n.) →] n. 观众, 旁观者

spectacular adj. 壮观的, 雄伟的, 引人入胜的

spectacle n. 壮观的场面或景象

suspect [sus‐ = sub‐ (under) + spect (look) c] v. 猜疑(是), 怀疑(是), 觉得(是)（猜疑

外表之下的东西）；n. 犯罪嫌疑人

Chapter 19

est, ger = to carry, pass, produce 传递，产生，举止，进行

congest 挤塞 digest 消化 ingest 摄入

ced, ceed, cess = to go 行，走，让步

proceed 前进，行进, succeed 继任，完成

vert, vers = to turn 转向

divert 使转移，adver有敌意的

Chapter 20

merg = sink, dip, plunge 沉，浸

merge 兼并 immer 浸入 submerge 下沉

liber, liver = free 自由

deliver 投递 liberty 自由 deliverty 交货，分娩

med, medi = middle 中间

intermediate中级的 median中间的

not = know, mark 认识

noted 著名的 notify 通知 notorious 声名狼藉的

Chapter 21

leg

college, privilege, pledge (v. n.), knowledge, acknowledge

lude

Chapter 22

cur(r) = to run

currency, current, incur招致惹起, occur

stereo = solid, firm, hard; three‐dimensional

stereophonic 立体声的

vok(e) = to call

revoke (re‐: back)

Chapter 26

scend, scens, scent = to climb

ascendancy (n.) 优势; transcend (v.) 超越; condescend (v.) 屈尊俯就

fin = end, boundary 结束；范围

finish (v.) 完成，结束; finale (n.) 结尾，终曲; confine (v.) 限制，监禁; define (v.) 限定

7

flict = to strike 打击

afflict (v.) 使苦恼，折磨; conflict (n.) 冲突

gen(e), gener, geni(t) = birth, to produce, race 出生，产生；种族

genus (n.) 种类，类属; genius (n.) 天才; homogeneous (a.) 同种的; generate (v.) 产生

liter = letter

literacy (n.) 识字，有文化; literate (a.) 识字的; literary (a.) 文学的; literature (n.) 文学

Chapter 27

apt, ept = to fit, suit 适合，适应

aptadj.（习性）易于adaptv.适应adeptadj./n.善于；能手aptituden.禀赋

nate = born

cognateadj.同族的，同起源的，同性质的neonate[neo=new]n.（未满月的）婴儿

prenataladj.出生前的，胎儿期的

ven, vent = come

convenev.集合，召集circumvent[circum=around]v.胜过，规避，绕行

contravene[contra=against]v.违反，反驳，抵触

mort = death

mortaladj.终有一死的;不会长生不死的immortaladj.不死的，永生的，不朽的

par‐, para‐ = beside

parablen.比喻，寓言paragraph[graph=write]n.段

Chapter 28

duc(a)=tolead,tobring引导

ducev.deducev.推导inducev.诱导reducev.减少

introducev.引进conduciveadj.有助于conductn.行为；引导

viaductn.高架路ductn.导管inductv.就任abductv.诱拐deductv.扣除

conductorn.指挥；导体

spers=scatter

per[inter-(between)+spers(scatter)→]v.散布，散置，穿插，点缀

dom=①hou房屋

domen.圆顶；如圆顶的东西domesticadj.属于家的，家务的，驯良的，本国的

domesticityn.家庭生活；家务；家事domicilen.家；住所；正式居住地

midomen.半圆屋顶

②tame;rule统治

domainn.领土；版图；所有地predominatev.占优势；掌握主权

predominantadj.主要的；有势力的；杰出的predominancen.优越；支配；多数

kingdomn.王国；国度，范围indomitableadj.不屈不挠的

qu=follow

quentadj.连续的，结果的n.结果conquencen.结果，重要

concutiveadj.连续的，表示结果的

soph=wi;widom

philosophy[philo=love]n.哲学，人生观，冷静

Chapter 29

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cept,cap,capt,ceive,cip,cup=take,hold,ize,表示“拿，抓，握住”

accept; acceptability可接受性; conception概念，观念; deceptive欺骗性的;

inception开始，开端; intercept拦截，阻止; precept箴言; receptacle容器; except

capacity容量，才能; capacious宽阔的；容积大的; incapacitate使无能caption标题, 字幕;

captive俘虏; capture; captious吹毛求疵的

conceive想象, 构想; conceivable; deceive欺骗; perceive知觉；发觉; receive

anticipate; incipient开始的；初期的; emancipate解放; emancipation解放; municipal;

participant; principal; recipient接受者

occupy; occupant占有者; occupation; preoccupation全神贯注

strain，strict=tighten，表示“拉紧”

strain; constrain 强迫，强制; constraint 约束, 强迫; overstrain过度紧张;

restrain抑制，限制; restraint抑制，限制

strict; stricture谴责, 非难; constrictn压缩，收缩; constriction收缩; restrict; restriction限制

mit,miss,mi=nd,cast,表示“送，放出”

admit; committee委员会; emit; intermit一时停止，间断; intermittent间歇的; omit; permit ;

remit汇款, 饶恕; submit; transmit

mission；missionary；commission；dismiss；emissive 发出的，放射的；

emission发出，放射；emissary使者，密使；remiss 怠慢的，粗心的；

remission 宽恕，赦免；omission ；permission；permissive准许的，纵容的；submission

submissive；transmission

premi；promi；surmi推测，猜测；demi让与，遗赠