tive后缀

常见英语词缀

名词后缀(nounsuffixes)

1.-ability(由able+-ity而成，表示“可…性，易…性”)

probability可能性adaptability可适应性dependability可靠性

-ibility(由ible+-ity而成，表示“可…性，易…性”)

nsibility敏感性possibility可能性flexibility灵活性

2.-ity(表示性质，状态，情况；-acity,-ality,)

capacity容量，能力personality人格formality拘泥形式，手续

-icity(-ic+-ity构成)simplicity简单publicity公开性plasticity可塑性

-ility(-ile+ity构成)fertility肥沃mobility易动性fragility易碎性

3.–ancy,-ency(表状态，情况，性质)

expectancy期待，期望constancy经久不变emergency紧急情况

persistency持续，坚持tendency趋向，倾向

4.–cy(表示性质，状态)

vacancy空白bankruptcy破产infancy幼年期intimacy亲密privacy

5.-ty(表状态，情况，性质;)

specialty特性，专长loyalty忠诚penalty处罚cruelty残忍

variety变化anxiety焦虑propriety适当，适合

equality平等humanity人性，人类complexity复杂性popularity通俗

activity活动creativity创造力relativity相关性(-ive+-ity构成)

curiosity好奇心generosity慷慨(与形容词后缀-ous相对应)

6.–age(表示集合名词；场所；行为或行为结果；状态，情况，身份；物)

percentage百分比cottage村舍postage邮资marriage结婚

storage贮存shrinkage收缩advantage利益package包裹

bandage绷带

7.–al(表示行为，状况；人；物)另外还是形容词后缀

proposal提议renewal更新survival幸存criminal犯罪分子rival竞争者

aboriginal土着人manual手册

(表示状态,情况,性质,行为,与-ancy同,对应的形容词后缀是-ant)

resistance抵抗expectance期待endurance持久ignorance无知

(表示状态,情况,性质,行为,与-ency同,对应的形容词后缀是-ent)

emergence出现confidence信任innocence无罪,天真persistence坚持

10.-ar(表示人与物)burglar夜贼calendar日历(另形容词后缀)

-er(表示主动者、与某事有关的人与物)（另动词后缀，形容词比较级）

leader领袖teenager青少年villager村民washer洗衣机heater加热器

creeper爬行动物cashier出纳员barrier障碍glacier冰川

-or(表示人与物)

governor省长，总督educator教育者conductor导体sailor海员

detector探测器tractor拖拉机compressor压缩器

11.–ant/-ent(动词+-ant/-ent表示从事…的人，施行某作用的物)

assistant助手participant参与者inhabitant居民dependant依附物

correspondent通讯员resident居民detergent洗涤剂

(名词+-an专长于..的人；信奉…的人)

historian历史学家comedian喜剧演员civilian平民vegetarian素食者

utilitarian功利主义者musician音乐家

(表示场所、地点；人与物)另形容词后缀anniversary周年纪念

depositary存放处adversary对手missionary传教士glossary词汇表

-ery(表示场所、地点；行为、状态、性质；身份)

nurry托儿所bakery烤面包房robbery抢劫trickery欺诈

bravery勇敢slavery奴隶身份cookery烹调法

14.–ion/-ation/-sion/-tion(动词+表示行为、状态、或结果)

preparation准备posssion占有物cushion靠垫inflation通胀prediction预言;

opposition,recognition;expansion,suspension

modernization现代化normalization正常化(由-ize+-ation构成)

expansion扩张collision碰撞(多数由以d或de结尾的动词变化而来)

15.–dom(表示情况、状态、性质、身份；领域、集体、总称)

wisdom智慧kingdom王国freedom自由devildom魔界

(表示人，有些有被动意思)

employee雇员interviewee被接见者abntee缺席者retiree退休者

(表示专做某种工作的人)

engineer工程师volunteer志愿者profiteer牟取暴利者

(表示小；人；物；场所，地点)

model模型parcel小包裹personnel全体人员scoundrel恶棍

funnel漏斗tunnel隧道channel海峡、渠道

(名词+-ess表示女性或雌性)

goddess女神hostess女主人mayoress女市长，市长夫人

20.–hoodchildhood,neighborhood,fatherhood

21.–ics(表示…学科)mechanics,politics,economics

22.–ismidealism,optimism,Buddhism,journalism

23.–istcommunist,artist,dentist

24.–tudelongitude,gratitude,solitude

25.–logybiology,zoology

26.–mentmovement,development,equipment

27.-nesswillingness,weakness

28.–oryterritory,factory(亦作形容词后缀)

29.–shiphardship,relationship,citizenship

30.–ture,-uremixture,signature;departure,procedure

形容词后缀（es）

,-ible能…的，可…的

changeable,respectablensible,flexible

;-iousprosperous,disastrous;curious,obvious,

,ical(兼作n后缀：refusal，criminal)

personal,national,natural;typical,

4.–anAmerican,German,urban

;-ent(与名词后缀ance,ence对应)

resistant,ignorant,abundant,permanent,independent

(-ant亦作名词后缀，指人：accountant,participant)

ary,-ar(-ary可作名词后缀：cretary,dictionary)

particular,peculiar,imaginary,condary,

7.–ate(亦作名词，动词后缀：candidate,delegate;assassinate)

considerate,fortunate,private

8.–ic,-atic,-etic,-istic

historic;systematic,idiomatic;sympathetic,genetic;pacific,specific;realistic

9.–tive,-sivetalktive,nsitive;expensive,impressive

(亦作名词后缀：detective,motive)

10.–ed(加在名词或动词后)talented,aged,retired,married

11.–ern(表…方向的)eastern,western

12.–fulskillful,powerful,doubtful,cheerful

(亦作名词后缀，表示充满时的量：handful,mouthful)

13.–ialinfluential,esntial,partial

14.–ian(属于某国的，某地的)Egyptian,Canadian

(亦作名词后缀，指该地或该国的人)

15.–idvivid,splendid,fluid

16.–ilejuvenile,fragile,fertile

17.–ingburning,exciting,surprising

(亦作名词，介词后缀：shopping,feeling,printing;

concerning,regarding,considering)

18.–ishfoolish,childish,British

(亦作动词后缀:nourish,establish,vanish)

19.–lessjobless,restless,hopeless

20.–ly(加在名词后)friendly,weekly,daily

21.–oryadvisory,contradictory(亦作名词后缀)

22.–proof防…waterproof,fireproof,soundproof

23.–sometroublesome,darksome

24.–ualactual,intellectual

25.–wardupward,backward,inward

26.–ysleepy,cloudy,windy

动词后缀（verbsuffixes）

originate,participate,

2.–enshorten,strengthen,darken

(偶作adj后缀：golden,wooden)

3.–fyidentify,classify,verify

4.–izemodernize,normalize,organize

副词词缀

1.–lyproperly,namely

2.–wardsdownwards,outwards

3.–wilikewi,clockwi,otherwi