bet

2022年12月8日发(作者：庞萍)英语词根

PREFIXES

a- = of;



afresh (adv.) 重新、再ttanew (adv.) 重新、再ttadown 朝下

akin 同种的、类似的





a- = on;



aback (adv.) 向后tttabed 在床上ttttablaze (a.) 发光、着火

aboard (adv.) 在国外ttafar遥远地ttttafloat漂浮地，漂浮的

afoot 徒步地ttttaground （船）搁浅ttahead 在……之前

ahead在……之前tttalive活的ttttaloof (adv.）远离，躲开

asleep睡着的ttttaway 在远方



a- = make …; 加强语气



abide遵守ttttalight 由车或马上下来ttalike相似的

aloud大声地ttttamaze使惊愕ttttari起来，产生

arou唤起ttttashamed 羞耻的tttawait等候

awake吵醒ttttathirst 渴望的





a- = ad-= to at for



abandon放弃ttttaba贬抑ttttabate减少

abridge缩短ttttachieve完成ttttamass 积聚

ameliorate改善、修正ttamenable顺从的tttamount总计

avenge为……报仇tttavenue大街ttttavow 公开承认





a- = ab- = not without from away

avert 避开，调转tttavocation 副业，嗜好



a-= ex-=out extremely

abash 使羞愧ttttamend 修正，改善ttavoid避免



a-= negative= not without

abysss 深渊，地狱ttachromatic 无色的tttAmazont亚马逊河

amnestyt大赦，特赦ttamoralt非道德的tttapathy冷淡，漠不关心

aphasia失语症tttasylum 避难所tttasymmetry不对称，不均匀

atheism 无神论tttatom原子ttttatypical 非典型的



ab-= from away from off

abaxial 离开轴的tttabdicate放弃权利，让位tabduce 使外旋，外展

abduct，诱拐tttabject 卑鄙的ttttabnormal 变态的，不正常的

abominate 痛恨，厌恶ttabortion 流产；堕胎ttabrade 摩擦，擦伤

abrupt 突然的ttttabsolve 赦免ttttabsorb 吸收；使全神贯注

abu 滥用ttttabscess 脓疮，溃疡ttabscond潜逃；逃亡

abstain 戒绝ttttabstract 提炼；抽象的ttabstru 难解的

abundant 丰富的tttadvance 前进ttttavaunt 走开





ad- = to at for



abbreviate缩短tttaccede允诺ttttaccelerate加速

accomplice从犯tttaccost向人打招呼tttaccumulate堆积

accustom使习惯tttacknowledge承认tttacquire获得

adapt适应ttttaddict使沉溺ttttadhere粘着

advent到来ttttadvocate拥护ttttaffiliate联合

affirm确认ttttafflict使痛苦ttttaggress侵略

allocate分配ttttappend附加ttttapprai评估

ascertain探知ttttasrt主张ttttassume假定

attach附上ttttattain达到ttttacclimate 使服水土



al-= all

almighty 万能的tttalmost 差不多，几乎ttalone 单独的



ambi- = on both sides about around

ambidextrous两手灵巧的tambiguous含糊的tttambition雄心

ambivalent犹豫不决的ttambient 周围的ttt



amphi- = on both sides around

amphitheater圆形剧场ttamphibian 水陆两栖的ttamphibiology 两栖生物学



an-= negative= not without

anaemia 贫血症tttanaethetic 麻醉剂tttanarchy无政府状态

anecdote 轶事ttttambrosia 神的食物



ana-=upon on up

anabaptist 再洗礼派教徒tanachroni

sm 时代错误ttanalogy 相似，类似



ante- = before

antecedent在先的tttantechamber来宾接待室tanteroom来宾接待室

antedate 提前的日期ttanterior 前面的tttanticipate预期

ancient古代的tttancestor祖先ttttantediluvian 洪水时代以前的



anti- = against opposite to



anti-communist反共的ttantipathy反感ttttantiptic 防腐的

antithesis对照、对比ttantagonist敌手tttAntarctic南极的

antonym反义词





auto- = lf



autobiography自传tttautocracy专制政治ttautogamy自体生殖

autogenous自生的tttautonomy自治区tttauthentic 真正的

autoinfection自身感染ttautonym 真名



be-= to make

becalm 使不动tttbefool愚弄ttttbefoul 污染

befriend照顾ttttbeguile欺骗ttttbelittle贬低，轻视

benumb使麻木tttbetroth 许配t



be-= to cover with

becloud 蒙蔽ttttbedew沾湿ttttbefog罩入雾中，迷惑

bestar布满星星



be-=upon

become tttttbefall降临，遭遇tttbehold看

bemoan悲恸ttttbet 包围ttttbespeak预定



be-=by

becaut因为ttttbequeath遗赠ttttbeside在旁





bene- = well good



benediction祝祷tttbenefaction恩惠、施惠ttbenefactor恩人

beneficent亲切的、慈善的tbeneficial有益的tttbeneficiary收益人

benefit有益于ttttbenevolent慈善的tttbonus 恩惠



bi- = double two

bicameral两院制的ttbilingual双语的tttbimonthly两个月一次的

bipolar两极的tttbiweekly一周两次的ttbicycle自行车



circum- = around round about

circumference圆周tttcircumstance环境、情况tcircumspect 慎重的

circuit电路、回路tttcircumlunar 环绕月球的tcirculate 流通，巡回



com- = together with wholly

combat战斗ttttcombine联合ttttcomfort安慰

commemorate纪念tttcommend称赞tttcommotion骚动

commute通勤ttttcompile编辑ttttcompo组成

coalesce合并、联合ttcoalition联合ttttcoeducation男女合校的教育

coerce强迫ttttcoexist共存ttttcooperate合作

collaborate合作tttcollap倒塌ttttcolleague同事

collide碰撞ttttcombustion燃烧tttconceit自负、自大

concentrate集中、专心ttconclude下结论tttconcord和谐、一致

condescend屈尊俯就ttconfiguration外形tttconfront使面临

conglomerate聚集tttconjunction结合tttconnt同意

consume消费ttttcontaminate弄脏、污染tcorrelate使相互关联





contra- = against



contradict否认tttcontrary相反的tttcontrast对比

counteract抵消tttcounterpart相对的人或物

de- = down downward



decapitate斩首tttdecay腐烂ttttdecea死亡

deceive欺骗ttttdecipher译（密码）ttdeclare宣告

deduce演绎、推论tttdefect缺点ttttdefer服从

deform使残废tttdeliberate考虑tttdelinquency过失、犯罪

demerit过失、短处ttdemolish推翻、毁坏ttdemonstrate证明

depict描写ttttderive获得ttttdespi 蔑视

detail详述ttttdetain使延迟ttttdevastate使荒废、毁灭

devour毁灭

de- = apart from



decode译解ttttdefer延缓ttttdeficit赤字

defrost去冰或

霜tttdehydrate脱水tttdetach派遣、分离

dis- = apart away

disadvantage不利tttdisagree不同意tttdisapprove不赞成

disbelieve不信、怀疑ttdiscard抛弃ttttdiscern辨认

discontinue中止tttdiscord不一致tttdiscourage使气馁

discreet言行谨慎tttdiscrepancy矛盾、不一致tdiscrete个别的、不连续的

discriminate歧视tttdisfavor不赞成tttdisgui伪装

disgust厌恶ttttdisintegrate使分解tttdisplay展示

disregard忽视、不理睬ttdissolve溶解、解散ttdistribute分配

desrt甜点ttttdigest消化、融会tttdimension尺寸、规模

diminish减少ttttdiffident缺乏自信的

en- = in into on at near make

enact制定为法律tttenclo围绕ttttencompass围绕、包含

encounter对抗tttencourage鼓励tttencroach侵占

endeavor努力ttttenlarge扩大ttttenlighten启迪

enlist使入伍ttttenrage激怒ttttenrich使丰裕

entitle使有资格tttentrust委托ttttenvironment环境

embed埋入，深留tttembrace拥抱ttttempower授权

ex- = out of fully

exact正确ttttexaggerate夸大tttexasperate激怒

exceed超越ttttexcel优于、胜过tttexcerpt摘录

exclude拒绝、除外ttexecute实现ttttexempt免除

exert施行、运用tttexhaust用尽ttttexhibit陈列

exhilarate使兴高采烈ttexit出口tttttexotic外国的

expand扩张、膨胀ttexpect期望ttttexpel驱逐

expire期满ttttexplicit明确的tttexpo暴露

exterior外面的tttexternal外部的tttextinguish熄灭

extrinsic外在的tttemancipate解放

extra- = beyond

extraordinary特别的ttextreme极端的tttextremity极端

fore- = before

forearm前臂ttttforebear祖先, 祖宗ttforefather祖先, 祖宗

forefinger食指tttforegoing在前的, 前述的tforeground前景, 最显著的位置

forehead前额ttttforeman领班, 工头ttforemost最先的, 最初的, 最重要的

foree预见, 预知tttforetell预言, 预示, 预测tforeword 前言, 序

hyper- = above beyond

hyperactive极度活跃的tthypercriticism苛求ttthyperinflation恶性通货膨胀

hyper-militant 极度好战的thypernsitive感觉过敏的

hypo- = under (与hyper- 相反)

hypocrisy伪善ttthypothesis假设

in- = in into on

inborn天生的, 生来的ttincentive动机ttttinceptive起初的, 开端的

incident事件, 事变ttinclude包括, 包含tttincome收入, 收益

increa增加, 增大, 增长tincur招致ttttindoor户内的, 室内的

induce劝诱, 促使, 导致tindulge纵容ttttinfect传染, 感染

infiltrate渗透ttttinflame燃烧ttttinflate使(通货)膨胀, 使充气

infringe侵犯, 违反ttinfuriate激怒ttttinfu灌输, 注入

ingrained根深蒂固的ttinhale吸入ttttinherit继承

inhibit抑制, 约束tttinject注射, 注入tttinlet入口, 小港

innate先天的, 天生的ttinnovate改革, 创新ttinquire询问, 问明, 查究

inscribe记下ttttinct昆虫ttttinrt插入, 嵌入

insight洞察力, 见识ttinspect 检查, 视察ttintake入口

intoxicate使陶醉, 醉人ttintrigue阴谋, 诡计ttintuition

直觉

invade侵略, 侵袭tttinvest投资ttttinvolve包括, 使陷于

illuminate照明, 阐明ttillusion幻想ttttillustrate举例说明, 图解

immerge浸入, 浸没ttimmigrate使移居入境ttimpair削弱

impart传授, 告知tttimpediment妨碍, 阻碍ttimpinge撞击

impoverish使贫穷tttimprint留下烙印tttirrigate灌溉

inter- = between among

intercept中途阻止, 截取tinterchange相互交换ttinterfere干涉, 干预

interfu (使)混入, (使)混合tintermingle混合tttinternational国际的, 世界的

interplay相互影响tttinterpret解释, 口译ttinterrupt中断, 插嘴

interct横断ttttinterstellar星际的tttintervene干涉, 干预

interval间隔, 距离tttinterweave (使)交织

intra-/ intro- = within inward

intrapersonal内心的ttintra-school校内的tttintrospect内省, 内观

introvert性格内向的人

macro- = large long

macroeconomics宏观经济学 ttttttmacrometeorology宏观气象学

micro- = small

microbiology微生物学ttmicroeconomics微观经济学tmicrometeorology微观气象学

microphone 麦克风 ttmicroscope显微镜

neo- = new

neoclassicism新古典主义tneocolonialism新殖民主义tneofascism新纳粹主义

neoromanticism新浪漫主义

out- = out beyond

outbreak爆发ttttoutcome结果ttttoutcry叫喊

outflow流出ttttoutlook展望ttttoutpour流出

outgrow生长速度超过ttoutlandish异国风味的ttoutline外形、轮廓

outlive生存得比~更长ttoutnumber数目超过ttoutpace追过

outrage暴行ttttoutwit比 ~ 机智

over- = above across beyond

overact动作过度tttoverbridge/overpass天桥toverburden使负担过重

overcoat大衣ttttovercome击败、压倒ttovercredulous过度轻信的

overcrowd过度拥挤ttovereat吃得过多tttoverestimate高估

overflow溢出、泛滥ttoverlap部分重迭tttoveras海外的

overtake赶上ttttoverthrow推翻tttoverturn推翻

overwhelm压倒

para- = beside beyond against contrary

parable比喻、寓言ttparachute降落伞tttparagraph段落

parallel平行ttttparalyze使麻痹tttparamount最高的、卓越的

per- = through thoroughly away

perceive感觉、知觉ttperennial永久的tttperfect完美的

perform实行、履行ttperish毁灭ttttpermanent永久的

permeate渗透、普遍ttpermit许可ttttperpetual永远的

perplex使困扰tttpersist持久ttttperspective远景、视角

persuade说服ttttpervade遍及、弥漫

post- = after behind

postdoctoral博士后的ttposterior后部的tttposterity子孙

postgraduate研究生ttpostpone推迟ttttpostscript附笔

pre- = before

precaution预防tttprecede在前ttttpreclude阻止

predecessor前任tttpredict预言ttttpreface前言

prefer较喜欢ttttpregnant怀孕的tttprejudice偏见

preliminary准备的tttpremature未成熟的ttpremium奖金

preoccupy使凝神于ttprepare准备ttttprerequisite首要的事物

prescribe规定ttttprent现在的tttprerve保存

preside主持（会议）ttpresume假定ttttpretend假装

prevail盛

行ttttprevent妨碍、防止ttpreview预习

previous先前的

re- = again back

rebel谋反ttttrecall召回、号召tttrecede后退、撤回

recite背诵ttttreclaim教化、纠正ttreconcile和解、调停

record记录ttttrecreation娱乐tttrecruit招募

reduce减少ttttredundant多余的、冗赘的trefer参考

reflect反映ttttrefraction折射tttrefresh使爽快

refrigerator冰箱tttrefuge避难ttttrehear预演、排练

reinforce增强ttttreject拒绝ttttrelax放松

relevant有关的tttrelieve减轻ttttreluctant勉强的

remedy治疗ttttremor悔恨ttttRenaissance文艺复兴

renew更新ttttrenounce放弃ttttrepeat重复

repel拒绝、排斥tttreply答复ttttremble相似

restore恢复ttttresume重新开始tttretard阻碍、妨碍

retort反击、反驳tttrevenue总收入tttrevi校订、修正

revive振兴

retro- = backward

retrospect回顾

- = away apart

cede脱离、退出tttcret秘密的ttttcrete分泌

ducettttgregate分离、隔离ttlect选择

parate分离

step- = orphaned

stepbrother同父异母(或同母异父)的哥哥(或弟弟)

stepchild前夫(或前妻)所生子女 tttttstepdaughter继女,过继的女儿

stepfather继父tttstepmother继母tttstepparent继父(母)

stepsister异父（母）姐妹tstepson继子

sub- = under

subconscious潜意识的ttsubject使服从tttsublime庄严的

submarine潜水艇tttsubmerge淹没tttsubmit屈服于

subscribe签名、捐助ttsubstance物质tttsubstitute代替

subtitle副标题、字幕ttsubway地铁ttttsucceed继承

succinct简洁的tttsuffer忍受ttttsuffice足够

suffocate使窒息tttsuggest提出ttttsummon传招、召集

support支持ttttsuppress镇压ttttsusceptible易受影响的

suspect怀疑ttttsustain供应、维持

super- = above over

superabundant过多的ttsuperb豪华的、有余的ttsupercilious自大的

superficial表面的、肤浅的tsuperintend监督、管理ttsuperior较好的

supernatural超自然的ttsupersonic超音速的ttsuperstition迷信

supervi监督ttttsupreme最高的tttsupremacy最高

sovereign主权的tttsurface表面ttttsurmount战胜、爬越

surname姓ttttsurpass超越ttttsurplus过剩的

surrender屈服ttttsurround包围ttttsurvey考察

survive生存

syn- = with together

synchronism同时发生ttsyndicatet 财团tttsynonym同义字

syntax句法ttttsynthesis综合, 合成ttsystem系统, 体系

syllable音节ttttsymbol符号, 记号, 象征tsympathy同情, 同情心

symphony交响乐, 交响曲tsymposium讨论会, 座谈会tsymptom症状, 征兆

tele- = far off

telecommunication通讯tttelegram电报tttttelegraph电报

telephone电话ttttelescope望远镜ttttelevision电视

trans- = beyond across over

transaction办理, 交易tttransfer转移, 传递ttttransform转换

translate翻译, 解释tttransmit传输, 转送tttransparent透明的, 明晰的

transport传送, 运输tttradition传统, 惯例tttraitor叛逆者, 叛国者

tranquil安静的ttttranscend超越, 胜过t

trespass侵入

with- = against back

withdraw收回, 撤消ttwithhold使停止, 抑制ttwithstand抵挡, 经受住



SUFFIX

–ant

assistant助手, 助教ttdescendant子孙, 后代ttemigrant移民

immigrant移民, 侨民ttinhabitant居民, 居住者ttrvant仆人

tenant承租人, 房客

–ee

committee委员会tttemployee职工, 雇员ttexaminee投考者, 应试者

nominee被提名的人, 被任命者 trainee练习生, 新兵

–eer

auctioneer拍卖人

–ent

agent代理(商)tttcorrespondent通讯记者ttopponent对手, 反对者

president总统, 校长ttresident居民ttttstudent学生, 研究者, 学者

–er

baker面包师ttttcommander司令官, 指挥官tcustomer消费者

gardener园丁ttttleader领导者ttttmanufacturer制造商

mariner水手ttttmurderer杀人犯, 凶手ttowner所有者, 业主

philosopher哲学家, 哲人tprisoner囚犯ttttproducer生产者

–ess

actress女演员ttttempress皇后tttthostess女主人

princess公主ttttstewardess女乘务员

–ist

communist共产主义者ttdogmatist武断的人ttnovelist (长篇)小说家

specialist 专家ttttourist旅行者, 旅游者tttypist打字员

violinist小提琴演奏者

–ism -asm

antagonism对抗(状态)ttBuddhism佛教tttcommunism共产主义

existentialism 存在主义ttexoticism异国情调ttheroism英雄主义

Marxism马克思主义ttoptimism 乐观主义ttpessimism悲观主义

enthusiasm热心, 积极性

–itude

altitude高度ttttaptitude恰当, 智能ttfortitude坚韧

gratitude感谢ttttlatitude纬度ttttmagnitude大小, 数量,量级

multitude多数tttsolitude孤独

–able -ible

amenable available changeable desirable imponderable irritable noticeable reasonable unforgettable contemptible horrible incredible negligible

–ed

aged bearded crowned cultured gifted moneyed talented

–ful

dreadful fruitful graceful merciful mournful regretful scornful shameful thoughtful

–ic

academic angelic arctic athletic diplomatic domestic emphatic exotic fantastic gigantic idiotic lunatic patriotic scenic

–ish

bookish brownish childish feverish lfish yellowish bluish greenish reddish

–ous

envious furious glorious gorgeous industrious laborious perilous righteous spacious strenuous tremulous vicious virtuous

–proof

bombproof bulletproof fireproof foolproof rainproof soundproof waterproof weatherproof

–some

burdensome irksome meddlesome quarrelsome tiresome troublesome wearisome wholesome

–en

darken fasten hasten heighten lengthen moisten redden sharpen strengthen threaten weaken worn

–esce 表动作开始或正在进行

coalesce obsolesce

–fy

classify edify fortify fructify identify justify liquefy nullify personify purify qualify satisfy signify simplify stupefy

–ish

admonish banish blush cheris

h demolish diminish flourish furnish languish punish

–ize/ -i

civilize dramatize generalize organize specialize symbolize utilize vicimize

–le

chuckle dazzle sparkle sprinkle startle twinkle





Root

act = to act(在行动)

activate刺激, 使活动 activation活化, 激活 activator催化剂, 触媒剂 actual实际的, 真实的 actuality实在, 现状 actualize实现, 实施 actuate开动, 促使 enact制定法律, 颁布 enactment设定, 制定 inaction无行动, 不活动, 无为, 怠惰 inactive无行动的, 不活动的 interact互相作用, 互相影响 react起反应, 起作用 reactor反应堆 reaction反应, 反作用 transact办理, 交易 transaction办理, 处理, agency代理处, 行销处, 代理, 中介 agent代理(商) agile敏捷的, 轻快的, 灵活的 agility敏捷, 活泼 agitate搅动, 摇动, 煽动, 激动 agitation激动, 兴奋, 煽动, 搅动 agitator煽动者 agony苦恼, 极大的痛苦 prodigal浪费的

alt = high (高)

altar 祭坛, (基督教教堂内的)圣坛, 祈祷祭拜的地方altimeter高度计 altitude 高度, exalt晋升 exaltation提升, 提高 haughty 傲慢的

alter/ali = other

alter改变 alteration变更, 改造 alternate交替, 轮流, 改变 alternation交替, 轮流, 间隔 alternative二中择一, 可供选择的办法, 事物 altruism利他主义 altruistic利他的, 无私心的 alien外侨 alienate疏远 adultery通奸, 通奸行为

am = to love

amateur业余爱好者 amatory恋爱的, 情人的 amiable亲切的, 和蔼可亲的 amicable友善的, 和平的 amorist情人, 情郎 amorous多情的, 恋爱的 enemy敌人, 仇敌 enmity敌意, 憎恨

ang = to strangle

anger angry anguish anxiety anxious

angl/ angul = angle

angle angular equiangular quadrangular rectangle triangle triangular

anim = breath mind

animal animate animation equanimity inanimate magnanimity unanimity unanimous

ann = year

anniversary annual biannual biennial centennial perennial

anthrop = man

anthropocentric以人类为中心的 anthropography人类地理分布学, 人种志 anthropology人类学 philanthropy慈善事业

apt = fit

apt aptitude aptness adapt adaptable adaptation adaptive inapt inaptitude

aqua = water

aquatic水的, 水上的, 水生的, 水栖的

arm = weapons

arms armada armament armed armour alarm disarm disarmament

art = skill

artful artist artistic artless artifact artificial

aud = to hear

audible听得见的 audience听众, 观众 audiphones助听器 audition听力, 试听 auditorial审计员的, 查帐官的, 通过听觉的 auditorium会堂, 礼堂 auditory耳的, 听觉的 obedient服从的, 孝顺的 disobedient不服从的

aug = to increa to make to grow

auction auctioneer augment augmentative august author authority auth

oritative authorize authentic authenticity

avi = bird

aviate aviation aviator auspice auspicious inauspicious inaugurate inauguration

band/bond = to bind

band bandage bond bound boundary

bio = life

biochemistry生物化学 biography传记 biographer传记作者 biology生物学 autobiography自传 autobiographical自传的 antibiotic抗生素

bre = short

brief briefly abbreviation abridge abridgement

cand = white bright

candle candid candidate incandescent incandescence

cant/ chant/cent = to sing

enchant enchantment accent accentuate

cap = head

capital capitalism capitalist capitalize captain cabbage decapitate precipitate

cap = to take

capable captive capture

cast = to throw

cast broadcast forecast outcast telecast

cav = hollow

cave cavern excavate

cede ceed = to go to yield

accede access accessible antecede antecedent concession exceed exceeding exceedingly excessive precede precedence precedent proceed process recession succeed success successful successive successor

ceive cept cip cipate = to take

accept acceptable acceptance accepted conceive conceivable concept conception deceive deceivable deception deceptive intercept perceive perception perceptive precept receipt receptive susceptible susceptibility anticipate anticipation participate participation emancipation

celer = swift

celerity accelerate acceleration accelerator decelerate

cent = hundred

centennial centigrade centimeter century percent percentage

centr = center

central centralism centralization acentric concentrate concentration decentralize eccentric

cern cret = to parate

concern concerning discern discreet discrete cret cretary crete

cert = sure

ascertain certain certainty certify certificate certification concert

chron = time

chronic chronology synchronous

cide ci = to cut

conci decide decision decisive inci incision incisive incticide preci precision suicide

circ cyc = ring

circle circular circulate circulation circuit circus encircle micircle cycle cyclist cyclone bicycle tricycle encyclopaedia

cite = to call to urge

cite excite excitable excitement incite recite recital solicitor

claim clam = to cry

claim clamour acclaim acclamation exclaim exclamation proclaim proclamation

clin = to bend

decline incline inclination climax

clud = to shut

clo clot closure conclude conclusion conclusive disclo disclosure enclo exclude exclusion exclusive include inclusion preclude clude

cognis gnos = to know

cognition cognitive diagno diagnosis ignore ignorant recognize recognition