英语一般过去时结构与用法
I.一般过去时的用法
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:
lastyear,yesterday等;也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often,always等频率副词连
用。
例如:Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。
LiMeialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年李梅总是步行上学。
注意:也可以用“udto+动词原形”表示过去经常或反复的动作。eg.
Weudtogetupearly.我以前总是早起。(意指现在不早起了)
1.一般过去时的形式:
动词be:第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was,其余的人称一律用were。
动词have:一律用had,没有人称和数的变化。
行为动词:一律用过去式,没有人称和数的变化,行为动词的过去式有两类,一类是规则动
词,另一类是不规则动词。
一般过去时动词的肯定、否定、一般疑问句和简略回答以及特殊疑问句的形式见列表:
肯定、否定形式
动词
be
动词
have
肯定
Iwas⋯
Youwere⋯
He/She/Itwas⋯
We
were⋯
You
They
I
Youhad⋯
He/She/It
We
You
否定
Iwasnot⋯
Youwerenot⋯
He/She/Itwasnot⋯
We
werenot⋯
You
They
I
Youhadnot⋯
He/She/It
We
You
TheyThey
II
行为动词
(study)You
studied⋯
You
He/She/ItHe/She/It
WeWe
YouYou
TheyThey
行为动词的过去时的否定式,要使用助动词do的过去式
形。注意:在非正式语如口语中,wasnot,werenot,hadnot
weren’t,hadn和’tdidn’t。
一般疑问句和简略回答
didnotstudy
⋯
did,后面的谓语动词要还原为原
和didnot可以分别缩写成wasn’t,
一般疑问句简略回答
Yes,Iwas.
动词
Wereyou
⋯?
be
Washe⋯?
No,Iwasnot.
Werethey
⋯?
Yes,hewas.
Yes,Iwas.
动词
Wereyou
⋯?
be
Washe⋯?
No,Iwasnot.
Werethey
⋯?
Yes,hewas.
No,hewasnot.
Yes,theywere.
No,theywerenot.
Yes,Ihad.
动词Hadyou⋯?
haveHadhe⋯?No,Ihadnot.
Hadthey⋯?
行为动词Didyoustudy
(study)Didhestudy
Didtheystudy
Yes,hehad.
No,hehadnot.
Yes,theyhad.
No,theyhadnot.
⋯?
Yes,Idid.
⋯?
⋯?
No,Ididnot.
Yes,hedid.
No,hedidnot.
Yes,theydid.
No,theydidnot.
特殊疑问句和简略回答
特殊疑问句回答
动词beWherewasshe?Shewasathome.
行为动词WhendidyoustudyEnglish?Istudieditlastyear.
(study)
2.一般过去时的几种句型(这里只讲行为动词)
肯定句结构为:主语+动词的过去式+其他。如:Hewenttothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天去
玩具店了。
否定句结构为:主语+didnot(didn’动t)+词原形+其他。如:Hedidn’tgotothetoystore
yesterday.他昨天没去玩具店。
一般疑问句的构成:Did+主语+动词原形+其他?如:
1)-DidyougotoBeijinglastweek?
-Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.)
2)-Didyoumeetthebusinessmanbefore?
-No,Ididn't.(Yes,Idid.)
特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?如:
1)-Whatdidyoudolastnight?
-Ididmyhomework.
2)-Wheredidyougolastweek?
-IwenttoShanghaiwithmyparents.
一般过去时口诀
一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间。
动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。
否定句很简单,didn’t站在动词原形前,其他部分不要变。
一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动词原形、其他部
分依次站。
特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记。
小朋友们口诀记,学会一般过去时没问题。
Ⅱ.行为动词的一般过去式变化规则
行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:
①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上
-ed。如:look-looked。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。如:live-lived。
③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加
-ed。如:
stop-stopped。
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。如:study-studied。
(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如:am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,
have(has)-had等。
一般过去时练习
一般过去时
一、选择
()_____they_____dinneryesterday?
;;;;havefor
()outellmewhattimetheplane?
ving
()s______bandlastmonth.
()_______yourmotherborn?
()nowwhyhe_____forclasslastyear?
yslate
()_____thismorning,soI_____breakfastandwenttoschool.
;didn
’;didn’;hadnD’;hadn
’t
()______muchcoldtodaythanit_____yesterday.
;;;;is
()
’tcome_____goodbyeusandto
away.
;;;;go
()____to_____anewone.
;;;;buy
()htthedress_____reallypretty.
./
()now,butit___anexcitingday.
;;;;is
()he______gotocookdinnerforus.
./
’t
()dinthesittingroomand____myfriendsallthetime.
to
()o____her____ina1990sstyle.
;;;;hairs
()oeyoulastSaturday,therenobodyintheroom.
;;;;is
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Heputthebooksawayand________(go)home.
isrunningand________(tie)hisshoesontheplayground.
er________(buy)anewcomputerfor________(I)yesterday.
n______(go)toschoolbybike,butlastyearheoften_________(walk)toschool.
hefinished_______(pack)everything,she________(go)tobed.
6.----Who______(wash)theplatesonthetable?----Jennydid.
7.
----When_______you_____(e)thefilm“Titanic
”?
8.
It’(have)lly______(have)itatthistime.
______(write)_________(write)tohimnexttime.
dents________(stop)talkingwhentheirteachercameup.
三、单句改错:下面每句均有一处错误,指出并加以改正
foundtheanswertothisquestion?
dherbrotherwasbornonthesameday.
tthislessonabouttenminutesago.
n’tanythingforbreakfastthismorning.
mehereforayear.
gedasongforusatthatparty.
hewillhelpmewithmyEnglishwhenhewasfree.
sawthebaguntilitwaslate.
一、.句型转换
ldrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
ereaboutninehundredpeopleattheconcert.(音乐会)
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
asonlyoneproblem.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
肯定/否定回答:____________________________________
herhomeworkyesterdayevening.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
ekIreadanEnglishbook.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
肯定/否定回答:____________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
二、写出下列动词的三单现、过去式和现在分词
go____________________enjoy______________________
buy___________________eat____________________
get_____________________walk_______________________
take__________________dance______________________
write___________________run____________________
swim_____________________find_____________________
begin__________________eat___________________
play___________________study____________________
三.用所给词的适当形式填空。
Mary___________(come)toChinalastmonth.
_________________(notgo)tobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.
Sohe______(get)uplate.
__________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.
_________(be)noonehereamomentago.
5.I___________(call)Mikethismorning.
nedbut___________(hear)nothing.
___________(begin)tolearnChinelastyear.
ekwe_________(pick)manyapplesonthefarm.
er________________(notdo)houworkyesterday.
____________(notwatch)TVlastnight.
11.________yourfather________(go)toworkeverydaylastyear?
12.--Whattime_______you_______(get)toBeijingyesterday?-
-We__________(get)toBeijingat9:00intheevening.
__________(make)himcry(哭)justnow?
artheteacher___________(tell)usthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.
____________atelephonecallforyoujustnow.(be)
__________notenoughpeopletopickapplesthatday.(be)
_____________(benot)anyhospitalsinmyhometown(
家乡)in1940.
____________enoughmilkathomelastweek,wasn
’tthere?
____________toJapanlastweek.(move)
20.–When_______you_________(come)tochina?Lastyear.
________(have)supperathome?
____________(notclean)theroomjustnow.
23._________(be)itcoldinyourcityyesterday?
ypeople________(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?
________(be)hotyesterdayandmostchildren_______(be)outside.
________(be)afootballmatchonTVyesterdayevening,butI_________(have)
notimetowatchit.
四.请用正确动词形式填空。
1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.
2._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she_________.
________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?
l_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.
_________(notvisit)________(stay)athomeand
_________(do)somecleaning.
________you_________(write)thissong?I__________(write)itlastyear.
nd,Carol,___________(study)forthemathtestand__________(practice)English
lastnight.
8.__________________(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he_________.
_________(be)Jim'sweekend?It_________(benot)bad.
10.________(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?__________.
五、按要求变换句型。
1.
Fatherboughtmeanewbike.(同义句)
Fatherbought______________________________me.
eadaninterestingbookabouthistory.
(一般疑问句)
_______Frank_______aninterestingbookabouthistory?
3.
He’scleaninghisrooms(.划线提问)________he_______?
gooutforawalk?
(同义句)
_______________________outforawalk?
spentRMB10onthisbook.
(否定句)
Thomas______________RMB10onthisbook.
lywenttothebeachlastweek.
(划线提问)
________________________family_______lastweek?
7.
Ididn’thaveanyfriends(一.般疑问句)
_______________have_______friends?
sheisLily
(’否s定sister
句).____________________
ftendoessomereadinginthemorning.
(否定句)
Sally_______often______somereadinginthemorning.
all,thinboy.(划线提问)
______________he_______________?
六.翻译下列句子
1.我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。
______________________________________excitingweekend.
喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的书籍。
Jennylikes_____________.She_______abook______________lastnight.
每天都练习弹吉他。可是昨天他没有练习。他为数学考试作准备了。
Emma______________________________
__________________themathtest.
4.上周六他们做什么了?他们做作业和购物了。
What________they__________________Saturday?
They___________________homeworkand___________________________.
5.今天早上方方得做饭,因为他父亲不在家。
ThismorningFangfang____________________________becauhisfather_______
________________yesterday.
6.你还有什么要说的?
What_______wouldyoulike______________?
7.放学别忘了向老师说声再见。
Don’tforget_______________________________theteacher.
8.为什么你昨晚没有看电视?
9.他在打扫教室的时候,发现地上有块表。
Whenhe______theclassroom,he______awatchontheground.
10.他什么时候出生的?1980年。
---When_______he_______?---_______1980
一、构成方法
一般过去时用动词的过去式构成,即在动词原形后加ed。
二、用法说明
表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday,last
week,in1989,justnow,amomentago,theotherday等连用。如:
Hewasherejustnow.他刚才还在这里。
Whatdidyoudoyesterday?你昨天做了什么事?
在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如:
Weoftenplayedtogetherwhenwewerechildren.我们小时候常在一起
玩。
注:表示过去经常发生的动作还可用
udto和would。如:
Heudtosmokealot,buthedoesn’tnow他过.去经常抽烟,但现在不抽
了。
Wheneverwewereintrouble,hewouldhelpus.每当我们遇到困难,他都会
帮助我们。
表示主语过去的特征或性格。如:
AtthattimeshewasverygoodatEnglish.
那时她英语学得很好。
用在状语从句中表示过去将来。如:
Hesaidhewouldwaituntiltheycameback.
一般过去时有时可以表示现在,多与
want,hope,wonder,think,intend
等
动词连用,使语气更委婉。如:
Iwonderedifyoucouldhelpme.
不知你能不能帮我一下。
有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。如:
Ididn’tknowyouwerehere.没想到你在这里。
注意:
1.表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间
用and连结。如:
Heopenedthedoor,rushedoutandthendisappeared.他打开门,冲了出
去,然后就消失了。
2.注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不⋯⋯”。如:
—Yourphonenumberagain?Ididn’tquitecatchit.
说一次你的电话号码,好吗?我刚才没听清楚。是2566666。
—It’s请2566666再.
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