四大名著英文

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中国四大名著英文简介

ChineLiterature-Novelsandfiction

Hongloumeng红楼梦"TheDreamofthe

RedChamber"

Alsocalled"ThestoryoftheStone

(Shitouji石头记)",thisnovelwrittenby

CaoXueqin曹雪芹(d.1763)issaidtobe

thegreatestmasterpieceofChinefiction.

Awidebranchedscholarshipdoesnot

conntaboutthemainthemeofthisnovel,

shoulditbeanovelofntiment,of

Daoist-Buddhistenlightenment,ofsocial

obrvation,ofthedecayofanaristocratic

familiy,orevenaveiledattackonManchu

meofthenovelisthecontest

ofaBuddhistandaDaoistpriestwho

makebebornayoungnobleboycalledJia

Baoyu贾宝玉andhisgirlcousinLin

Daiyu林黛玉.Withalovingdetail

describingthelifeofthetwocousinsina

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hugenoblemansion,betweengardens

andpalaces,theredthreadisthe

triangularlovebetweenBaoyu,Daiyuand

acondgirlcousincalledXueBaochai

薛宝钗thatisofmoreplumpercharacter

ing

betweentheirlife,thedivineworldand

dreams,Baoyubecomesderangedafter

thedisappearanceofastone(theoriginof

thecondtitle)hehadinhismouthwhen

wing,hisloveDaiyu

died,heistrickedtomarryingBaochai.

Becomingawareofbeingtricked,Baoyu

leavestheworldofthe"reddust"and

ndredsof

personsandtheirstories,parallelingthe

lifeandfeelingsofrvantstothelifeof

themainpersons,thestoryisvery

complexandfullofsymbolisms,butvery

interestingandconvincingforits

encyclopediccharacter,depictingthelife

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ofanoblefamiliyinthe18thcenturyQing

China清.

三国演义RomanceofTheThree

Kingdoms

RomanceofTheThreeKingdomsisoneof

thegreatchineclassicsandiscompiled

intoami-fictionalliterarymasterpiece

duringtheMingDynastybyLuo

elcomprisaround

70+%factand20+%sues

suchasGuanYu'sweaponweighing

around40+kilograms,thecapabiltiesof

LuBu,LiuBei'shorsaswellasthe

existenceoftheHilloftheFallenPhoenix

andsomeothersareprobablyfictional.

Thatperiodinhistorycanbesaidasthe

goldenageofchivalryandalthoughit

happenedmorethan1700yearsago,

characterssuchasLiuBei,CaoCao,

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.

GuanYu,ZhangFeiandZhugeLiang

havebecomehouholdnamesamong

ftheirexploits,

courage,adventuresandmanymoreare

toldinthenovel"RomanceofTheThree

Kingdoms".

Itisoneofthemostturbulentperiodsin

China'shistorytakingplacetowardtheend

oftheHanDynastywherecorruptionis

rampantintheimperialcourtdueto

dwith

naturaldisasterssuchasfloods,plague

andlocustswarmsdevouringthecrops

grownbythepeasants,hungerand

disatisfactionamongthepeasantssoon

escalatedrapidlyuntilamajorrebellion

knownasthe"YellowScarvesRebellion"

ledbyZhangJiaobrokeout.(Itwas

dubbed"YellowScarves"becauthe

rebelstiedayellowscarfontheirhead).

Initiallyjustasmallbandofrebels,dueto

.

.

widespreadhungerandill-ntiment

amongthepopulace,swarmsofcommon

folksjoinedintherebellionacrossmany

partsofthecountry.

三国演义人物介绍

刘备

LiuBei(161–223AD),styledXuándé(玄

徳),wasageneral,warlord,andlaterthe

foundingemperorofShuHanduringthe

gh

havingalaterstartthanhisrivals,also

lackingboththematerialresourcesand

socialstatustheycommanded,LiuBei

overcamehismanydefeatstocarveout

hisownrealm,thatatitspeakspanned

moderndaySichuan,Guizhou,Hunan,

partofHubei,andpartofGansu.

Culturally,duetothetremendously

popularnovelRomanceoftheThree

KingdomsbyLuoGuanzhong,LiuBeiis

widelyknownastheidealbenevolent,

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humanerulerwhocaredforhispeopleand

racterwasto

advocatetheConfuciantofmoral

values,suchasloyaltyandcompassion.

张飞

ZhangFei(?-221AD)wasamilitary

generalofShuHanduringtheThree

KingdomraofChina.

ZhangFeiwasshowntohavebeena

masterfulgeneralratherthansimplya

tedhissuperiorswith

respect,buthadlittlerespectforhis

ftenwarnedbyLiu

Beithathishabitofover-punishinghisown

soldiersbylashingandkillingwould

eventuallybringhimlfdisaster.

ZhangFeimarriedXiahouYuan's

daughter,whowascapturedbyZhang

Fei'stroopsasshewasoutgathering

datotaloftwo

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daughters,andtheolderdaughterbecame

theempressofShuHanaftermarryingLiu

Shan,withZhugeLiangasthe

hangFei'ldest

daughterhadpasdawayduetonatural

caus,ZhugeLiangonceagainplayed

theroleofmatchmaker,andLiuShan

marriedZhangFei'syoungerdaughter,

whothussucceededheroldersisterto

becometheempressofShuHan.

ZhangFeiisbestportrayedthroughhis

descriptionandactionsdepictedin

RecordsofThreeKingdomsbiographyby

aimthatZhangFei

wasalsoanexcellentpainter.

ZhangFeiwaskilledbyhisownmen

ZhangDaandFanJiang,whilepreparing

histroopstoattacktherivalEasternWuto

a

andFanJiangwentontodefecttoWu.

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水浒传OutlawsoftheMarsh

Thenovel"OutlawsoftheMarsh"is

somewhatliketheIliadandOdysy...An

ancientepictale...nooneremembersthe

perioditwascompodandimmortalized.

Oneknowsthisstoryisbadonrealfacts

andhasinspiredmanystorytellers.

OneknowstheNorthSongDynasty(XIIIth

Century)liveditsapogeeanddeclined,a

victimofcorruptionanddecadence.

Onefindshistoricaltracesoftheoutlaws

whochallengedtheimperialauthorityand

diedundertheexecutioner'sblade.

Atlast,asanyoneknowstodaythataman

calledHomerwrotetheIliadandOdysy,

noonedoubtsanymorethatamancalled

ShiNai-anwrotedownduringtheXIVth

centurythenovelOutlawsoftheMarsh

thatreachedus.

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EveryonerecognizesthatJinSheng-tan,

duringtheXVIIthcentury,publishedwhat

isnowfamousastheoriginalversionofa

novelthatobtainedtheinterestand

infatuationofsuccessivegenerations.

WaterMarginorOutlawsoftheMarsh("All

menarebrothers"inPearlBuck's

translation,"Shuihuzhuan"inChine,

"AuBorddel'Eau"inFrench)isan

immortalnovelbecauitstaleis

universal:itspeaksofbeings(outlawsbut

alsonotables,strongmuscledheroesbut

alsointellectual,anarchistsbutalso

philosophers...)whocannotbearinjustice

norabunorarbitrariness...

Thatisthereasontheyareimmortaland

theirpopularityhaslastedforcenturies.

Discoverthe108heroes,theepisodes,

thepaper-cutsreprentingthem,the

Beijingoperastheirfightingexploits

inspired...

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人物

GaiPingHealthgavespeciallovemake

theworldanyway,

chargestostick,chicken,anddidnottake

wives,e

CreekVillagehauntedlegends,villagers

diggingariverinthetownengravedart,

ghostwasrushedtotheEastven.

Classicalhell,thenalonewillbeengraved

CreekVillageinplacesawayfromtheEast

-called"Totakings".

晁盖平生仗义疏财，专爱结交天下好汉，

闻名江湖。喜欢刺枪使棒，身强力壮，不取

妻室，终日打熬筋骨。传说邻村西溪村闹鬼，

村人凿了一个青石宝塔镇在溪边，鬼就被赶

到了东溪村。晁盖大怒，就去西溪村独自将

青石宝塔夺了过来在东溪边放下。因此人称

“托塔天王”。

西游记PilgrimagetotheWest

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JourneytotheWestisamythological

novelbadonmanycenturiesofpopular

robablyputintoits

prentforminthe15708byWuCheng’en

(1500-82).

Thislivelyfantasyrelatestheamazing

adventuresofthepriestSan-zangashe

travelswestinarchofBuddhistsutras

withhisthreedisciples,theirreverentand

capableon-

key,greedyPig,

openingchaptersrecounttheearlier

exploitsofMonkey,culminatinginhis

learn

howSanzangbecameamonkandwas

ntonhispilgrimagebytheTang

emperorwhohadescapeddeathwiththe

helpofanUnderworldofficial.

Themainstory,thejourney,takesthe

priestthroughallkindsofentertainingtrials

andtribulations,mainlyatthe

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handsofmonstersandspiritswhowantto

ecourageandpowersof

hisdisciples,especiallyMonkey,savehim

istheheroofthe

fantasy,andthereaderwillsoonlearnwhy

thepilgrimsreachtheVulturePeakand

obtaintheScriptures?Theanswerwillonly

befoundattheendofthelOO-chapter

novel.

Thestoryisasfullofimaginationas

Monkeyisofmagic,andpackedwith

illustrationsarefrom19th-centuryChine

thefirstofthethree

volumesofthenovel.