shoes怎么读

英语国际音标发音

一、英语字母与英语音素：

1.英语中有26个字母，其中5个元音字母：a,e,i,o,u。它们的音标分别是：/ei/,/i:/,/ai/,/??

/,/ju:/。剩下的21个字母都是辅音字母。

2.英语音素：48个。元音音素：20个，辅音音素：28个。

3.元音音素：12个单元音，8个双元音。

4.单元音：

前元音：/i://I//e//?/

中元音：/?//?://?/

后元音://?//u://?//ɑ:/

5.双元音：

合口双元音：/ɑ?//??//ɑI//?I//eI/

集中双元音：/I?//e?//??/

6.辅音：

英语爆破辅音：/p//b//t//d//k//g/

英语摩擦辅音：/f//v//?//e//s//z//?//?//h//r/

英语破擦辅音：/?//?/

英语鼻音辅音：/m//n//?/

英语舌侧辅音：/l//?/

英语半元音：/w//j/

英语辅音连缀：/tr//dr//ts//dz/

二、英语音素与练习：

（1）元音音素：

1.单元音：

前元音：

/i:/：me,he,be,bee,e,a,tea,she,tree,three,eat,meat,meet,

green,jeans,between,teenager,fifteen,meal,sheep,east,need,

feel,peach,each,teach,teacher,meter,sweet,e,week,weak,

weekend,read,fever,clean,easy,speech,feed,leave,agree,keep,

people,free,speak,ason,reason,

/I/:in,this,will,his,six,miss,pink,sing,ill,kill,still,ticket,sit,it,bit,

pick,sick,did,chick,lip,fish,milk,swim,ship,quick,lip,big,fill,

pig,sister,dinner,wind,window,skipping,clinic,thin,rich,busy,

wish,dish,finish,little,sing,spring,city,delicious

/e/:get,let,pet,desk,yes,chess,next,text,best,met,pen,pencil,bed,

west,guest,tennis,egg,red,net,rest,t,test,wet,lend,mend,

tell,well,fell,letter,sweater,head,bench,bread,,ten,ven,

end,medicine,help,check,yes,then,menu,never,ever,lesson,

very,says,said,many,any

/?/：fat,map,and,land,man,plan,bag,cat,apple,fan,Japan,dad,

sad,sand,lad,stamp,black,hat,cap,ambulance,angry,have,

catch,carry,stand,travel,hand,rabbit,animal,lamp,cabbage,

family,dragon,Africa,bank,Saturday,can,candy,camera,act,

happy,candle,than,that,thank,glad,matter,bad,happen,

handsome,math,taxi,

中元音：

/?/：but,come,cut,must,bus,us,up,color,mother,such,uncle,duck,

luck,lucky,fun,funny,sun,sunny,love,worry,son,brother,

other,another,study,lunch,Sunday,under,umbrella,number,

nothing,wonderful,run,running,young,cover,above,money,

much,cup,cousin,monkey,Monday,summer,brush,trouble,

something,some,just,supper,country,

/?:/：girl,shirt,bird,skirt,nur,work,worker,first,thirteen,third,

thirty,dirty,thirsty,worth,birth,birthday,circle,world,her,early,

turn,person,Thursday,worm,prefer,certain,temperature,heard,

learn,earth,

/?/：teacher,mother,father,sister,brother,farmer,driver,singer,

dancer,worker,answer,under,visitor,waiter,writer,bigger,

winter,soldier,meter,theater,manager,cleaner,ruler,erar,

woman,picture,future,camera,tiger,actor,China,number,after,

后元音：

/?:/：four,for,short,door,floor,more,before,wall,call,all,tall,ball,

draw,saw,hor,or,daughter,report,reporter,boring,warm,

talk,your,north,forty,sport,autumn,fall,important,bought,

thought,ought,becau,corn,corner,born,store,score,

/?/：box,dog,doctor,doll,often,lot,top,boss,chopstick,shop,job,

sock,office,coffee,got,golf,long,hospital,orange,lost,bottle,

crocodile,tomorrow,borrow,cost,hot,on,wash,watch,song,

follow,what,stop,fox,frog,wallet,not,sorry,

/u:/：too,zoo,room,pool,food,goo,tooth,school,stool,soon,

moon,kangaroo,cool,noon,tool,fool,broom,cartoon,choo,

shoot,afternoon,juice,blue,noodles,true,truth,fruit,shoes,

through,lo,group,do,ruler,two,

/?/：good,cook,took,book,foot,stood,wood,look,wool,classroom,

bathroom,bedroom,mushroom,boyhood,woman,put,full,

notebook,could,would,should,wolf,sugar,push,

oo字母组合发短音的常见8个单词：

Agoodcooktookabook,hisfootstoodbythewoodandlooked.

好厨师拿书，脚站树林看。

/ɑ:/：far,father,glass,grass,garden,car,farm,farmer,large,ask,fast,

bath,party,arm,are,star,start,bar,part,heart,dark,last,park,

guitar,giraffe,market,card,banana,basket,basketball,class,

hard,art,artist,pass,park,laugh,

2.双元音：

合口双元音：

/eI/：table,plate,cake,radio,beefsteak,take,make,same,name,

play,great,stay,day,say,today,birthday,may,place,space,

eight,wait,waiter,maybe,pain,again,save,way,always,ca,

gray,afraid,

/??/：go,ago,so,no,no,home,tho,ro,hope,alone,potato,

tomato,boat,goat,coat,tomorrow,row,oh,OK,kilo,lonely,

know,piano,yellow,grow,bowl,own,show,low,cold,

/ɑI/：I,kite,bike,white,five,knife,ice,rice,nice,write,Mike,mice,

time,nine,while,eye,sky,pie,lie,die,light,right,night,fly,my,

mind,quite,cry,buy,tired,fine,

/ɑ?/：hou,cow,how,now,down,about,out,mou,flower,blou,

sound,mountain,count,hour,ground,found,round,brown,

crowd,

/?I/：boy,toy,coin,oil,boil,noi,point,joy,join,enjoy,voice,choice

集中双元音：

/I?/：ear,deer,dear,here,hear,tear,beer,theater,muum,clear,

year,cheer,appear,rious,fear,near,engineer,

/e?/：pear,pair,air,airport,chair,hair,fair,square,care,careful,

there,bear,where,wear,their,theirs,

/??/：poor,sure,tour,tourist,jewel,cruel,Europe,

（2）辅音音素：

1.清辅成对辅音(20个)：

[p]-[b][t]-[d][k]-[g][f]-[v][s]-[z][θ]-[e][?]-[?][ts]-[dz][t?]-[d?][tr]-[dr]

/p/:penmaphelpcheappencilpaperapplehappyappear

/b/:bagbybedboybusbluerabbitcabbage

/t/:tentimenotgettablebottlebottomlittleprettywatchedwashed

/d/:deskdoordaydogadddaddymiddleplayedcleaned

climbedanswered

/k/:catcomecutclockcrypictureschoolChristmaschemistrybook

bikecakekiteKatelook

/g/:gogirlbiggeteggbiggerbiggestguessgreatgladgame

golfagainglassgrassgoatGoddoggoal

/f/:fivefishfinefamilyfifteenphotophoneelephantlaughenough

offcoffee

/v/:veryfivehaveofleavevoicevisitvisitorthemlves

/s/:nicecitycyclesitsixsomebusuusdeskbooksmissclass

/z/:ishispleamusiclohusbandapplesleavesthieves

knivessizeexerciprizezooreason

/θ/:threethankmonththinthoughtthreethrowtoothteeth

southnorthmonthmouththrough

/e/:thisthewiththanbreathethoughmotherfatherthere

thatthetho

/?/:sheshoeshortshopwashsureAsiaspecialsufficientdelicious

/?/:usuallytelevisionpleasuregarage

/ts/:shirtshurtscoatscostsgoatsLet’skitesgatesdatespizza

/dz/:bedsbirdshandsfriendsdecides

/t?/:chairmuchlunchChinawatchpicturequestionteachteacher

richfutureeachreach

/d?/:agepagehugeorangegentlegentlemangeneralbridge

porridgejudgejumpjacketjustJuneJimsandwich

/tr/:treetriptrytruetruthtrain

/dr/:dressdrivehundredchildrendrinkdrydrawdream

2.单个辅音（8个）：

/h/:heherhavehandheadhairwhowhomwhohardhomehello

/r/:redrightthreesorryworryhurrycarrycarrotwritewrong

/l/:letlookplealakepeopletellfulltillbell

/m/:manmeatmeettimecommoncommunicateclimblambautumn

/n/:nameniceninenearunderknowknifeAnn

/?/:singlongyoungmorningthankthinkinkpinkEnglish

/w/:wewindowworkwalkwhatwhywherewhite

/j/:yesyouyearyellowyoungonionreviewmillionbillionEurope

三、开音节与闭音节：

一、开音节：

1.分类：

开音节分两种，一种叫绝对开音节，一种叫相对开音节。

①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅音字母的重读音节。例如：

nosheheweby...

②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音

节。例如：

namethebikehomeexculike...

2.元音字母在开音节中的读音：

①绝对开音节：

以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节。这个元音字母在单词中发它在字母表中的音，即它本

身的读音。如：no,he。

②相对开音节：

在含有一个元音字母的重读音节中，在元音字母后有一个辅音字母(r除外)与一个不

发音的字母e，也是开音节。这个元音字母发它本身的音。可以用辅+元+辅+e来记住。

如：name,fine。

3.发音练习：

①绝对开音节：

ta-blepo-ta-toba-byla-dyA-my

na-tion

hemewebeshe-cret

hiChi-nabi-cycle

nosohel-logoso-fa(do,to除外）

me-nustu-dentmu-sicu-sually

—3.发音练习：

—②相对开音节：

—namesametakelatefameracedatehate

—cakegateagewavesavetable(have例外）

—theChi-neJapa-nethemescene

—comp-lete

—finelineminetimekitebikeniceri

—de-cideninelikeicedrivetwicewi

—rohopenohopephonehome

—hugeuex-cu

二、闭音节：

—含有一个元音字母，并以辅音字母(r,w除外)结尾的重读音节为闭音节。

—例：map，desk，is。

—在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。

—英语重读闭音节就是所谓的元音字母不是发它本身的字母音，重读闭音节就是指在一个

音节中，以辅音音素结尾的而且是重读音节的音节比如apple划音节就应该是ap/ple前

面那个ap是一个音节以辅音音素结尾就是闭音节。

—重读闭音节就要双写.重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音.

—如:sit---sitting

—begin---beginning(重读在gin这个音节上，相当与把gin改成双写的)

—put---putting

—swim---swimming

—shop---shopping

—像travel这种重读不在的vel，可以为travelled，也可以是traveled

—举两个很经典的例子：

—forbid---forbidding(重读闭音节，双写)

—prohibit---prohibiting（重读在第二音节，非重读闭音节，不双写）

三、元音字母在开音节和闭音节的读音：

(1)Aa

1．[ei]a在开音

节中：发字母音，

后面有不发音的e

脸grade

face

年级；cake蛋糕；lake湖;make制造；take拿到；

snake蛇；name名字;same相同；plane飞机；grapes葡萄；date日期;

元音字母

重读

非重读

绝对开音节相对开音节闭音节

a[ei][ei][?][?]

e[i:][i:][e][i]

i[ai][ai][i][i]

o[?u][?u][?][?]

u

[（j）u:][（j）u:][?]或[u]

[?]

Kate凯特；

2．[?]a在闭音节中：

black黑色的；dad爸爸；sad悲伤的；bag书包；am是；Sam萨姆

lamp灯；a一（个---）；can能；fan电风扇；man男人；and和；

hand手；thank感谢；map地图；

(2)Ee

1．[i:]e在开音节中：发字母音

be是；he他；she她；me我；we我们；the这些；Chine汉语；

2．[e]e在闭音节中：

bed床；red红色的；leg腿；spell拼写；hen母鸡；then那么；

when什么时候；pen钢笔；ten十；

(3)Ii

1.[ai]i在开音节中：发字母音

hi喂；I我；ice冰；nice好的；rice米饭；ride骑；beside在---旁边；

bike自行车；like喜欢；time时间；fine（身体）好；nine九；

white白色的；write写；kite风筝；five五；drive驾驶

2．[i]i在闭音节中：

which哪一个；chick小鸡；sick病的；big大的；pig猪；milk牛奶；

him他；swim游泳；in在---里面；begin开始；sing唱歌；

pink粉红色；drink喝；ship轮船；is是；his他的；this这个；fish鱼；

(4)Oo

1.[?u]o在开音节中：发字母音

go去；no不；so这样，这么；phone电话机；tho那些；clo关闭；

no鼻子；ro玫瑰花home家rope绳子hole洞

2．[?]o在闭音节中；

clock钟；dog狗；on在---上面；long长的；song歌曲；shop商店；

stop停止；hot热的；not不；donkey驴hop双脚跳

3.[Λ]o

mother妈妈brother哥哥，弟弟come来some一些other其他的

stomach胃，肚子Monday星期一

(5)Uu

1.[ju:]u在开音节中：发字母音

excu原谅；u使用；

2．[Λ]u在闭音节中：

much很；jump跳；run跑；sun太阳；up向上；cup小茶杯；

but但是bus公交车；umbrella雨伞;hundred百；cut剪，切；

mum妈妈；under在……下面；underline在……number数字；

understand理解