leadin

UNIT1

nwedotocontrolouranger?

ically,wemayflyintoaragewhenwerealize

wewerebetrayedbyaclofriendortrickedbyaclerkintobuyingsomethingunnecessaryatahigh

opletreatuswithcontempt,ordeliberatelyignoreus,,the

tance,whenweeachildbeingbulliedbya

groupofhoodlums,itmakesourbloodboil.

Toovercomeouranger,wehavetwooptions:aofasmalloffen,it’s

tnecessarytoexplodeataslight

r,whenconfrontedwithagrossinjusticeorariouscrime,weneedtostandup

entingouranger,epnegative

feelingstoourlves,wewillprobablyfeelmirableforalongtimeandregretnottakingaction.

eoplegetdepresd?Isthereanyconnectionbetweendepressionandbadluck?Can

depressionbeovercome?

eldepresdafterfailinganexamorlosingajob.

Theyfeelgriefwhensomeonedeartothem,forexampleaclofamilymember,pass

away,Sufferingfromariousdiawithlittlehopeofacompleterecovery,onemayfeeldejected.

spiritsaredownandyou

showit,odopportunitiesmayslipawayasaresult.

Andyoumightbeleftwonderingwhyyourluckdoesn’tchange.

Tocheeryourlfup,odmightimproveifyoukeepyourlfbusyand

tayingbusydoesn’thelp,

y,tuationisnotthe

alsochootolookatthebrightsideofthingsbecaueverycloudhasasilverlining.

kesyouhappy?Areyouhappywhenothersarehappy?

mple,ifafteralotof

hardwork,youpasdanimportantexamination,finishedabigproject,orgotapromotion,you

wouldfeelincrediblyhappy.

Humanhappinessisnotlimitedtoone’elpsomeoneinneed,you’ll

countsforthesuccessofProjectHope,throughwhichpeople

volunteertimeanddonatemoneytohelppeopleinneed.

earelationshipbetweenreasonandemotion?Whichplaysabiggerroleinourlives?

ghtheyareobviouslydifferentfromeach

other,boutit,itisdifficulttoisolatereasonfrom

eisarguing,peakeris

advocatingaprinciple,ientists

conductrearches,studiedscience

becauhehadbeenfascinatedbyplantsandanimalssincehischildhood.

However,estudentsmayneed

morelogicthanemotiontoconductexperiments,whileartstudentstendtorelymoreontheir

afamily,peopleusuallycherishtheemotionaltiesbetweenfamily

ncouldbemoreimportantthanreasonwhenfallinginloveortrustingamemberof

one’sfamily,er

orparate,reasonandemotionplaycriticallyimportantrolesinourlives.

UNIT2

wayscanpeopleimprovetheirappearance?

ygoonadiettomaintainagood

figure,wemakeuptoimprovetheirappearance,putafacialmaskorskinsmootherontheirfaces

duringthemight,havetheirteethstraightened,hershavea

face-lifttochangetheirnoorchin,maketheirsingle-foldeyelidsdoublefolded,andhavetheirskin

tightenedtosmoothoutwrinklesandcrow’

drastically,somepeoplemayhaveliposuctiontoremovefat.

omepeoplewanttoimprovetheirappearance?

liketoebeautifulscenery,flowers,

isnotstrangethattheyalsowanttolookatgood-lookinghumansandimprovethewaytheylook

provedfeatures,onemayfindabetterjob,attractamoredesirablespou,and

gainfasterpromotion.

tors,anchorpersons,andfashion

modelscanberecognizedbytheirlooks.

Itissometimesarguedthatbylookinggood,nfidence,success

ismorelikelytofollowinanyundertaking.

sadvantagesarethereinplasticsurgery?

angesmay

bringunexpecteddisastersinthefuture.

Somebeautifyingmethods,ifnotproperlyapplied,whoreceive

rgicaloperationsthatare

intendedtomakesingle-foldeyelidsdoublefoldactuallymakethemmulti-folded-notwhatthepatient

hadinmind.

onestrikeabalancebetweenlowcostsandhighfashioninclothes、

Peoplewhodon’remanyways

mple,peoplecanbuyclothesthat

’s

oplearegood

tailors,yevencreateoriginal

styles.

UNIT3

theInternetforinformationbeforecomingtoclass.

Therearemanykindsofnaturaldisasterssuchaarthquake,flood,drought,forestfire,tsunami,

snowstorm,blizzard,hailstorm,hurricane,typhoon,tornado,landslide,andvolcaniceruption.

AnearthquakeisasuddenchangeormovementintheEarth’scrust,causingamovingandshaking

ewater

overflowsariver’sbanks,ereisnorainforalong

periodoftime,thereisadrought:tfiremaybecaud

bylightningorhumannegligence–forexample,estroy

ecaudbyanundera

earthquake,tormbecomesablizzardwhenthewindblows

handandvisibilitydecreas.

magecouldanearthquakecauandwhatcanhumanbeingsdotodealwithit?

fulearthquakecandestroyeven

ebuildingsfalldown,humanlivesandpropertyareruined.

deathtoll,ifnotdealtwithpromptly,maybe

followedbyanepidemic.

Itisdifficulttopredictearthquake,mple,inanarea

pronetoearthquake,weshouldconstructstrong,ldalsoprepare

emergencykitsthatincludeatorch,ldmoveoutof

earthquakestrikeswhileweareinabuilding,weshouldmove

eisnotimetoleave,wecanhideunderastrongtableorbadtoavoidbeinghurtby

’tforgettoturnofftheelectricityandgastoavoidaccidents.

magecanafloodbringaboutandwhatcanwedotodealwithit?

Afloodcaninundateavastarea,ledonotescapeingoodtime,

ingtheflood,thereiscropfailure,

manypeopledieintheflooding,theirbodies,ifnottreatedquickly,waygiveritoanepidemic.

Thankstotechnologicalprogress,uilddykes

uilddamsandrervoirstoregulatethe

ereistoomuchsiltintheriver,wecandredgeit.

ndgrasshelptokeepsoilinplace

oodingthreatens,thepopulationoflowlyingareaswillbe

evacuatedaccordingtoplan.

vercomenaturaldisasters?

Naturaceofthe

ragingelements,manmayemhelpless.

However,mple,althoughtheforceof

anearthquakeisintimidating,wecanconstructquake-proofbuildings,andavoiddangerousquake

entflooding,wehavebuilddykes,damsandrervoirs,andmanypotentialfloodshave

sandrervoirscanalsobeudtofightadroughtbyallowingthe

tresort,,

humanbeingshaveachievedremarkablesuccessinovercomingnaturaldisasters.

UNIT5

ndsofemployeesarelikelytobefired?

Ifemployeesdonotobrvecompanyordepartmentrules,swill

beangrislikes

peoplewhodon’tworkhard,

oneworkshard,thebossmaynotbesatisfiedifonedoesn’ll,

oughyou’vemadesignificantpersonal

contributionstothecompany,ifyoudon’tgetalongwellwithyourcolleagues,youmayimpedethe

company’ll,ythebossplacesa

alemployeesmayllthecompany’scretsandruinit

ecompanyisinfinancialdifficultyanddownsizing,thefirsttobedismisdwill

bethowhohavesomeoftheabove-mentionedproblems.

ndsofpeoplearebetterpreparedforalayoff？

plewillstayinthesamecompanyall

,mple,fewer

customerorders,layoffsinsimilarcompanies,tion

tonoticingbadomensliketheabove,peopleshouldstudythekindsofskillsortechnologiesthatare

ndustryisonthedecline,theyshouldequipthemlveswithknowledge

equatelyprepared,theywillnotpaniciftheyreceivea

ngotoadifferentjoborevenadifferentcareerwithouttoomuchdifficulty.

inishingundergraduatestudies,wouldyouliketofindajoborpursueapostgraduatedegree?

Why?

Somestudentsprefertolookforafavorablejob,throughwhichtheycangainufulexperiencethat

theycan’eymoveontoahigherleveljoboneday,then,theywillalready

,theycangivefullplaytotheirpracticalabilities,andmaybe

promotedtodepartmentmanagerbythetimetheirclassmentscompletetheirMaster’sdegree

programs.

Ontheotherhand,somestudentsarenoteagertotakeupajobandprefertocontinuetostudy

towardsaMaster’llknow,ghnot

everythingyoulearnwillbedirectlyapplicableatwork,knowledgedoesimproveyourcharacter

ongrun,thowhoacquiremoreknowledgewillbenefitfromit.

panydoesn’tperformwellinacertainfield,forexample,softwaredevelopment,shouldit

outsourceortrainitsownemployeestodoit?

tthebackgroundof

globalization,oucanfindamorespecializedormore

profesourcing

talwayasytolayofftheemployees,especiallyiftheyhave

yaskfordismissalbenefitsthataretoohighforthe

,perhapsthecompanycanprovidetheirworkerswithtrainingtoimprove

orkersfeelgrateful,theywillworkharderforthecompany’s

prosperity.

UNIT6

besomesuperstitionsinEnglish-speakingcountries.

mple,manypeoplebelieve13tobe

anunluckynumber,anddon’y“knockon

wood”or“touchwood”somebodygoodluck,theymaysay“I’llcrossmy

fingersforyou.”Superstitiouspeopleavoidwalkingunderaladderoropeninganumbrellaindoors.

Whentheyeablackcatrunacrosstheirpath,theythinkit’oplemayhanga

happentodropamirror,theyworrythatthey

willhavevenyear’regoodluck,theymaycarryacharmofsomekind,suchasa

luckyrabbit’sfoot!

therelationshipbetweenone’sattitudetolifeandone’sfate?Doestheformerdeterminethe

latterorisittheotherwayround?

Sincetheworldiscomplexandmysterious,

scholars,includingaBritishpsychologist,suggestthatthereexistsacorrelationbetweenone’s

attitudetolifeandone’erearchisneededbeforewecanbesureofsuchacorrelation.

Moreover,thecau-and-effectrelationshiphasnotbeenclearlyidentified,andweareuncertain

lifewecanfindcounterexamples:someoptimisticpeoplearen’tvery

lucky,sweshouldtrytofindoutwhichcais

morefrequent:gfrommy

personalobrvations,ensupplythereason:optimisticpeople

havemorelf-confidence,yinvolvingmanypeopleis

requiredtodiscoverwhatmostpeoplethinkaboutthisissue.

elievethereareextraterrestrialbeingsinouterspace?

It’nehand,manypeopleclaimto

haveenaUFO,andsomeevenasrtthattheywereabductedbyaliensintheirspaceships.

Theoretically,it’sdifficulttoprovethatinthevastuniverpeopleonEarthareofthemostadvanced

n’teETs,itmaybebecautheyare

rly,ifprimitivepeoplecan’tdetectradiowaves,itdoesn’t

meanmoreadvancedcivilizationsdon’texist.

Ontheotherhand,humanbeingshavenotcollectedsolidevidencetoprovetheexistenceofETs.

AlthoughsomepeopleclaimtohavewitnesdaUFO,eisaca

mebodyclaimtohaveenaghost,doyoubelieveit?Inmyopinion,whilemankind

shouldcontinuetoexploremysteriesintheuniver,theyhadbetterdirectmostoftheirtimeand

energytowardpursuitsthataremorerelevanttotheirprentlives.

hinksuccessisduemoretoluckandopportunityortodiligence?Why

Sometimesaluckypersonachievesgreatsuccesswithoutmakingmakingthecorrespondingefforts,

whihewhole,I

aminclinuethatin

gambling,card-playingandsomeothergames,ostfieldsofendeavor,

mple,allscientists,

engineers,teachers,musiciansandathletesmustreceiveyearsofrigoroustrainingbeforetheycando

thardwork,theyhavealmostnohopeof

ll,opportunityfavorsthowhoarewellprepared.

UNIT7

leasttenrecreationalactivities,includingthorequiringalotofphysicalexertionandtho

thataremorerelaxing.

esomeexamples:football,

basketball,badminton,tennis,oplelikeclimbingmountains,goingsbody

surfing,hostrenuousoutings,theyfeelmentallyrelaxed.

Ontheotherhand,dofplayingaballgame,they

toacinema,atheater,anoperahouoraconcerthall,ortheysimplysitathome

ayvariouskindsofgamesonthecomputer,andothersplaychessorcards.

Evenwhentheywanttostayoutdoors,theymaychoopeacefulpastimeslikefishing.

youthinkaboutthecomputerandtheInternetassourcesofentertainment?

WiththeadventofthecomputerandtheInternet,wecanplayallkindsofgamesinthevirtualworld;

wecanplaychessandcardswithpeoplewehavenevermet,raveltoall

endandMoreover,wecanmakeuoftheNetasawayof

learning.

tinfrontofacomputerallday

long,hdentaryworkis

till,ifwe

getaddictedtothecomputer,wemayneglecthumanrelationshipsandcommunicationbetweenone

ndwewouldrathertalktoacomputerthantoahuman.

ouliketogoonatourduringthevacation?

IfIhaveenoughmoney,I’termofhardwork,

etrip,Icouldgainufulgeographicalandhistorical

knowledgeabouttheplace–rmore,I

wouldberefreshedfromtraveling,andthenIcouldworkmoreenergeticallyinthenextterm.

However,ifIdon’thaveenoughmoneytotravel,to

parks,’smore,ontheInternetIcanvisitremoteplaces

mylfwithabundantknowledge,Imayfindagoodjob,whichwilloffermeopportunitiesfor

travelingbothathomeandabroad.

areclodintheeveningsandonSaturdaysandSundaysinmanyWesterncountries,while

ystemdoyouprefer?Why?

Inmyopinion,kendismeantforpeopleto

havearest,andtheemployeesatstores,postoffices,governmentdepartments,schoolsandsoonall

-dayweekendwaswonaftercenturiesofdemandsforworkers’

storebreakstherulesandstaysopenontheweekend,itwilldounusuallygoodbusiness,butthisis

lecanenjoyproperrestovertheweekends,theycanworkmorevigorously

duringtheweekdays.

However,ifallstoresareclod,thiscanbeinconvenientformanypeople,especiallythoin

llproportionofthepopulation,thatisthointhervice

industry,workonweekends,hole,Iamin

favorofthecurrentChinesystem.

UNIT10

etheesntialdifferencesbetweentheconceptsofindividualismandcollectivism?Searchthe

Internetforinformation.

Individualismasrtstheprimaryimportanceoftheindividualandholdsthatanindividual’s

interestsshouldbeplacedabovethegroup’dualsarebeinggivenopportunitiesandfreedom

todevelopcharacter,interests,abilities,careers,tion,the

collectiveculturerespectsandevenvaluestheinitiativesofeachreason.

Ontheotherhand,colle

believedthatifthegroupprospers,dividualworksforthebenefitof

thegroup,mescollectivismrequiresindividualstosacrificetheir

short-termintereststothegroup’sweshouldstrikeabalancebetween

promotingteamspiritandbringingindividualinitiativeintoplay.

wefollowtheethicsofhardworkorintroducefunintoourwork?

Inmyopinion,wecanintroducefunintoourwork,butanindustriousspiritisamorevaluable

’struethatpeopleliketohavefun,andthatiflearninginvolvesfun,peopletendtolearn

fastenwithoutfun,illustratedbythepopularsaying,“all

workandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”

However,sincemanypeopledon’tstudyorworkhard,Ithinkitisnecessarytostressdiligenceatthe

prentstageinthenation’inadvancedlevels,wehavetomakegreaterefforts.

Ifweallworkhard,ghfunplayaroleinworkand

study,ccessfulpeoplehave

ll,”nopain,nogain.”

differentculturesintegrateorkeeptheirowncharacteristics?

Awinsomecountries

dieferforeignersto

ing,“wheninRome,doastheRomansdo,”illustratesthispoint.

Thetrendtowardglobalizationpromotesinternationalxchangesandintegrationofdifferent

culture.

Ontheotherhand,ations

integratedintoone,ore,allethnicgroupsshouldbeallowed

negovernmenthasadoptedfavorablepoliciestoallowthe

ationsshould

notpotheirculturesonsmallnations.

evebetterdevelopmentand

cooperation,perhapsweshouldadvocatemulticulturalismwhileencouragingfreeexchangesbetween

culture.

webepunctualforclass,work,orappointments?Why?Whatcanyoudotoensure

punctuality?

Inthepast,Chinedidn’riculturalcountry

adays,owingtothequickenedpaceoflifeandthe

influenceofWesternconceptsoftime,

somebodyistwentyminuteslateforanappointment,youmaybeannoyedbecauitisawasteof

dbeinglate,anemergency

preventsusfromarrivingatthedestinationontime,wecancallaheadtoinformtheperson

entertainmentactivitieslikeaparty,wemaybeabitlate,forthat

causnoinconveniencetoothers.