berate

高级英语2U1导学+教学材料

tforU1(Youmaychooeitheronefromthefollowingtwooptions)

Option1

WatchNickVujicic’s(尼克·胡哲)speechintheInternetandgiveaspeechonthe

topic“Thepowerofpositivethinking”.

Option2.

urclassmatesabout

onesuch“unfortunate”experienceandhowyoumanagedtogetbackonyourfeet.

Sentencepatternsforyourreference

WhenIwas...Imet...

Itistruethatlifeis...

Inspiteofthe...,I...

-reading

Questions:

havekeptinyourmemorysomewords,phrasorevenwhole

themwithyourclassmatesanddiscusstheirvalue.

wordsthat,astheauthorofthetextsuggests,shouldbeavoided

are"ifonly",andthetwoberememberedare"nexttime".Canyouguess,before

youreadthetext,whatmessagetheauthorintendstoconveytothereaderwith

suchasuggestion?

ywork

Manhattan

psychiatrist

SigmundFreudandhistheory

IIIGlobalreading

OrganizationoftheText

i.(paras________)Introduction:prentingthebackgroundinformationofthis

narration——thetimeandplaceofthemeeting,therelationshipbetweenthewriter

andtheoldman.

ii.(paras________)Thewriter’smeetingwiththeOldManandtheadvicegiven

bytheOldManonhowtogetridofdepression.

iii.(paras________)Conclusion:whatthewriterlearnsfromtheOldMan:

wheneverIfindmylfthinking“ifonly”,Ichangeitto“nexttime”.

gePoints

1)changeforthebetter

2)onone’spart/onthepartofone

辨析：part,portion,piece,member,division,ction,gment,fragment

3）frown

VocabularyBuilding--expressiononyourface

smile,cry,blink/wink,pout（撅嘴）

4）chewthecud

5）hindsight

c.f.:foresight

6）proceed

7）woeful

8）lament

9)aperverstreak

10)hashover

11)lift

12)drag

13)fanciful

14)/through

out

r

16)crui

17)takeinone’sstride

18)tobesure

Difficultntences

em

andlocatetheoriginalntencesinthetext.

1)Themostinspiringandgratifyingfactoflifeistheunexpectedsparkof

enlightenmentthatmakesyoudifferentandabetterpersonthanbefore.

2)Atlasthewalkedoverfromtheothersideofthestreet,wrappedinhis

old-fashionedovercoat,edlike

adwarfisholdmanfullofenergyratherthanawell-knownpsychiatrist.

3)Thenextspeakeronthetapewasawomanwhohadremainedsinglebecaushe

ll

rememberedandtoldothersmirablyaboutallthechancesofmarriageshehad

misd.

4)Eventually,ifyouformahabitofsaying“ifonly”.Thephracanreallyturnto

anobstruction,providingyouwithanexcuforgivinguptryinganythingatall.

5).…youarealwaysthinkingofthepast,notlook

forwardtowhatyoucandointhefutureatall.

6)TheOldMansaidtometrickily,usingthephra“ifonly”onpurpo,“Ifonly

we’dgotheretencondarlier,we’dhavecaughtthecab.”Ilaughedand

lowedhisadviceandsaid,“NexttimeI’llrun

faster.”

adingActivities:

saywriting---Opening(P13)

eanopening(inoneparagraph)foranessayonthesubjectofyourown

choice,delaytheannouncementofthesubjectuntilthefinalntencesandmakean

overtefforttoengageyourreadersinterest.

uationwriting

Them

theSsmaychooonetasktocontinueandpostiton/.

ationExercis

English-ChineTranslation

ThatwintryafternooninManhattan,waitinginthelittleFrenchrestaurant,Iwas

eofveralmiscalculationsonmypart,a

eprospectof

eingadearfriend(theOldMan,asIprivatelyandaffectionatelythoughtofhim)

erefrowningatthecheckeredtablecloth,

chewingthebittercudofhindsight.

Hecameacrossthestreet,finally,muffledinhisancientovercoat,shapelessfelt

hatpulleddownoverhisbaldhead,lookingmorelikeanenergeticgnomethanan

iceswerenearby;Iknewhehadjustlefthislastpatient

loto80,buthestillcarriedafullcaload,stillactedas

directorofalargefoundation,stilllovedtoescapetothegolfcourwheneverhe

could.

Chine-EnglishTranslation

1.由于缺少资金，整个计划失败了。(fallthrough)

2.他对生产成本的估算总是准确无误。(invariable)

3.公司发言人推卸责任的讲话受到了严厉指责。(berate)

4.那名年轻的海关官员一眼就看出了那本假护照。(spot)

5.各有关部门的负责人认识到形势的严峻，立刻行动了起来。(promptly)

6.请把候补名单上她的名字换成你的名字。(substitute)

7.她觉得她在当地综合医院任实习医师是一段宝贵的经历。(rewarding)

8.不要感叹过去的不幸。振作起来向前看。(lament)

Error-correction

Exerci

ca,uldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowing

way:

Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedatthe

endoftheline.

Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha"∧"signandwritetheword

youbelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.

Foranunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwithadash"—"andputthewordinthe

blankprovidedattheendoftheline.

EXAMPLE:

When∧artmuumwantsanewexhibit,

aturalhistorymuum

wantsanexhibition,t

Areyourtablemannersmuchbetterwhenyouareeatingata

friend'shomeorinarestaurantthantheyareatyourownhome?

eyouareawareofpeoplejudgeyoubyyour

especialpainswhenyouareeatinginthe

ueverstoppedtorealizehowmuchless

1.___________

2.___________

lf-consciousyouwouldbeonsuchoccasionsifgoodtable

mannershadbecomeacustomforyou?Youcanmakethema

habitbypractisinggoodtablemannersathome.

Goodmannersinmealtimeshelpyouandthoaroundyou

trueathomeasmuchasitistrueat

nnersmakemeals

moreenjoyableforeveryoneatthetable.

Bythistimeyouprobablyknowquitewellwhatgoodtable

lizethatkeepyourarmsonthetable,

talkingwithyourmouthfullandwolfingdownyourfoodare

walsothatifyouare

mannerly,yousay"Plea"and"Thankyou",andaskthingstobe

pasdtoyou.

Haveyoueverthoughtofapleasantattitudeasbeing

esntialtogoodtablemanners?Notonlyarepleasant

mealtimenjoyable,nertableisa

ldneverbecomea

definitelygrowinginsocialmaturitywhen

youtrytobeanagreeingtablecompanion.

3.___________

4.___________

5.___________

6.___________

7.___________

8.___________

9.___________

10.___________

教学材料

UnitOne

TextI

Pre-readingQuestions

havekeptinyourmemorysomewords,phrasorevenwholentencesthatareof

hemwithyourclassmatesand

discusstheirvalue.

wordsthat,astheauthorofthetextsuggests,shouldbeavoidedare"ifonly",andthe

twoberememberedare"nexttime".Canyouguess,beforeyoureadthetext,whatmessage

theauthorintendstoconveytothereaderwithsuchasuggestion?

GeneralReading

hichofthefollowingbeststatesthepurpoofthearticle.

ainhowFreud'spsychotherapyworks.

nstratethepowerofpositivethinking.

attentiontotheimportanceofthechoiceofwords.

hetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfal.

ntryafternoon,theauthorwasinabadmoodandhehappenedtomeetanoldfriend

ofhisinaFrenchrestaurantinManhattan.

Manaskedtheauthortogotohisofficebecauhethoughtthattheofficewasa

betterplacethantherestaurantfortheirtalk.

eespeakersonthetapehadallbeenunfavorablyaffectedbywhathadhappenedto

them.

ldMan'sopinion,itwasabadwayofthinkingalwaystoregretwhatonehaddoneor

hadnotdone.

BackgroundNotes

tan,anislandnearthemouthoftheHudsonRiver,isaboroughofNewYorkCity,in

southeasternNewYorkState,cialandculturalheartofthecity,Manhattanis

thesiteoftheMetropolitanOperaHou,CarnegieHall,theCityCenterofMusicandDrama,

andnumerousothermusicinstitutions.

dFreud(1856–1939)isanAustrianphysicianandthefounderofpsychoanalysis.

Freudexploredtheworkingsofthehumanmindanddevelopedpsychoanalysisasa

therapeutictechniquetotreatneurosisormentaldisturbances.

TextStudy

Text

TwoWordstoAvoid,TwotoRemember

ArthurGordon

1Nothinginlifeismoreexcitingandrewardingthanthesuddenflashofinsightthatleaves

youachangedperson—notonlychanged,mentsarerare,

certainly,mesfromabook,armon,alineofpoetry.

Sometimesfromafriend...

2ThatwintryafternooninManhattan,waitinginthelittleFrenchrestaurant,Iwasfeeling

eofveralmiscalculationsonmypart,aprojectofconsiderable

eprospectofeingadearfriend(theOldMan,

asIprivatelyandaffectionatelythoughtofhim)ere

frowningatthecheckeredtablecloth,chewingthebittercudofhindsight.

3Hecameacrossthestreet,finally,muffledinhisancientovercoat,shapelessfelthatpulled

downoverhisbaldhead,

officeswerenearby;loto80,buthe

stillcarriedafullcaload,stillactedasdirectorofalargefoundation,stilllovedtoescapetothe

golfcourwheneverhecould.

4Bythetimehecameoverandsatbesideme,thewaiterhadbroughthisinvariablebottleof

tenhimforveralmonths,butheemedasindestructibleaver."Well,young

man,"hesaidwithoutpreliminary,"what'stroublingyou?"

ceededtotellhim,at

somelength,indofmelancholypride,Itriedtobevery

dnooneelformydisappointment,zedthewholething,all

thebadjudgments,nforperhaps15minutes,whiletheOldMansipped

hisaleinsilence.

6WhenIfinished,heputdownhisglass."Comeon,"hesaid."Let'sgobacktomyoffice."

7"Youroffice?Didyouforgetsomething?"

8"No,"hesaidmildly."'sall."

9Achillrainwasbeginningtofalloutside,buthisofficewaswarmandcomfortableand

familiar:book-linedwalls,longleathercouch,signedphotographofSigmundFreud,taperecorder

alone.

10TheOldMantookatapefromaflatcardboardboxandfitteditontothemachine."Onthis

tape,"hesaid,"

arenotidentified,outolistentotherecordingsandeifyoucanpickoutthe

two-wordphrathatisthecommondenominatorinallthreecas."Hesmiled."Don'tlookso

yreasons."

11Whattheownersofthevoicesonthetapehadincommon,itemedtome,wasunhappiness.

Themanwhospokefirstevidentlyhadsufferedsomekindofbusinesslossorfailure;heberated

himlffornothavingworkedharder,anwhospokenext

hadnevermarriedbecauofanofobligationtoherwidowedmother;sherecalledbitterlyall

rdvoicebelongedtoamotherwhoteen-ageson

wasintroublewiththepolice;sheblamedherlfendlessly.

12TheOldManswitchedoffthemachineandleanedbackinhischair."Sixtimesintho

recordingsaphraisudthat'spotit?No?Well,perhapsthat's

becauyouuditthreetimesyourlfdownintherestaurantalittlewhileago."Hepickedup

theboxthathadheldthetapeandtosditovertome."Theretheyare,

saddestwordsinanylanguage."

dneatlyinredinkwerethewords:Ifonly.

14"You'dbeamazed,"saidtheOldMan,"ifyouknewhowmanythousandsoftimesI'vesatin

thischairandlistenedtowoefulntencesbeginningwiththotwowords.'Ifonly,'theysayto

me,'Ihaddoneitdifferently—Ihadn'tlostmytemper,saidthecruel

thing,madethatdishonestmove,Ihadbeenwir,ormoreunlfish,

ormorelf-controlled.'mesImakethemlistentothe

recordingsyoujustheard.'Ifonly,'Isaytothem,'you'dstopsayingifonly,wemightbegintoget

somewhere!'"

15TheOldManstretchedouthislegs."Thetroublewith'ifonly,'"hesaid,"isthatitdoesn't

sthepersonfacingthewrongway—

nd,ifyouletitbecomeahabit,itcanbecomearealroadblock,anexcufor

nottryinganymore.

16"Nowtakeyourownca:yourplansdidn'?Becauyoumadecertain

,that'sallright:

whenyouweretellingmeaboutthem,lamentingthis,regrettingthat,youweren'treallylearning

fromthem."

17"Howdoyouknow?"Isaid,abitdefensively.

18"Becau,"saidtheOldMan,"edidyoumention

way—behonest,now!—'saperverstreakin

ll,whenyourelatethestoryofsome

disasterordisappointmentthathashappenedtoyou,you'restillthechiefcharacter,stillinthe

centerofthestage."

19Ishookmyheadruefully."Well,what'stheremedy?"

20"Shiftthefocus,"saidtheOldManpromptly."Changethekeywordsandsubstituteaphra

thatsuppliesliftinsteadofcreatingdrag."

21"Doyouhavesuchaphratorecommend?"

22"outthewords'ifonly';substitutethephra'nexttime.'"

23"Nexttime?"

24"That'sright.I'asapatient

keepssaying'ifonly'tome,he'nhelooksmeintheeyeandsays'nexttime,'I

knowhe'shehasdecidedtoapplythelessonshe

haslearnedfromhixperience,she'sgoingto

pushasidetheroadblockofregret,moveforward,takeaction,ourlf.

You'lle."

e,Icouldheartherainwhisperingagainstthe

fanciful,ofcour,butIcouldhearthenewwordslockintoplacewithanaudibleclick....

26TheOldManstoodupabitstiffly."Well,eengoodtoeyou,young

,ifyouwillhelpmefindataxi,Iprobablyshouldbegettingonhome."

edacruisingcabandrantowardit,

butanotherpedestrianwasquicker.

28"My,my,"saidtheOldManslyly."Ifonlywehadcomedowntencondssooner,we'dhave

caughtthatcab,wouldn'twe?"

29Ilaughedandpickedupthecue."NexttimeI'llrunfaster."

30"That'sit,"criedtheOldMan,pullinghisabsurdhatdownaroundhiars."That'sit

exactly!"

edandwavedasitmovedaway.I

later,hediedofasuddenheartattack,infullstride,sotospeak.

hisday,

wheneverIfindmylfthinking"ifonly",Ichangeitto"nexttime".ThenIwaitforthat

nIhearit,IthinkoftheOldMan.

33Asmallfragmentofimmortality,'sthekindhewouldhavewanted.

WordsandPhras

ectstohappen;ing

orwardtotheprospectofbeingavolunteerdoingsocialworkintheGreat

Northwest.

Thereisareasonableprospectofreachingthetrappedminerswithinthenext24hours.

prospectspl.—opportunities

oplearenotquiteoptimisticabouttheprospectsfor/ofemployment.

Don'allymattersisthatitholdsgood

prospects.

andrespectedwithinaparticularprofession,t

doctor/surgeon/scientist,etc.

hanging

ariablequestionthemotheraskedherchildafterschooleverydaywas:"Howdid

everythinggotoday?"

courofaction

hepreparationshadbeenmade,weproceededtodrafttheplan.

length:(formal)insomedetail

cribedtoushertriptoNewZealandatsomelength.

th—afteralongtime;atlast

ghtoverthemathematicalproblemdayandnightandsolveditatlength.

ove:anunwiactionthatturnsouttobeamistakeandbringsonerisksorfailure

carefulwiththedesigningoftheplan;afalmoveanditwillfallthrough.

v.(formal)scoldorcriticizeangrilybecauofafault

''tweallmakemistakes

fromtimetotime?

expressdeepsorrow(fororbecauofsth.)

uldnotlamentthepastmistakes,butshouldtrytodobetterlater.

fully

dhisrecentfailureruefully.

y,atonce

ysrespondedtothecustomers'requestspromptly.

,unpleasant,dreadful

epresdwhenheheardthegrimnewsthattwo-thirdsoftheworkforcemightbe

discharged.

Notes

denflashofinsightthatleavesyouachangedperson:thequickandspontaneous

understandingthatmakesyouadifferentperson

aflashofinsight—anunderstandingthatcomestoonesuddenlyandquickly

leave(withobjectandadverbialorcomplement)—cau(object)tobeortoremainina

particularstateorposition

anexpensivecarhasleftthefamilypenniless.

Thechildrenwereleftinthecareofthenanny.

gthebittercudofhindsight:thinkingrepeatedlyaboutthepainfulrealizationof

whathadhappened

Literallycudmeans"partlydigestedfoodreturnedfromthefirststomachofruminantstothe

mouthforfurtherchewing"(反刍的食物).Whenananimalchewsthecud,itchewsfurther

ersonchewsthecud,hethinksaboutsomething

reflectively.

edthecudforalongwhilebeforehetpentopaper.

hindsight—understandingthereasonsforaneventorsituationonlyafterithashappened

identcouldhavebeenavoidedwiththewisdomofhindsight.

Withhindsighttheyshouldnothavelefttheirlittledaughteraloneinthecountryvilla.

lcarriedafullcaload:hestillkepthimlffullyoccupiedinthetreatmentofhis

patients

caload—thenumberofpatientsadoctorhastodealwith

ngsinceceadtobesurpridathisperceptiveness.:Ihadlongbeforecometo

knowthathewasgoodatperceivinghowothersthoughtandfelt;soIwasnotatallsurprid

whenhenoticedmytroubledstate.

perceptiveness(n.)—unusualabilitytonoticeandunderstand;awarenessandunderstanding

dmiredhisperceptiveness;hewasalwayssoquicktorespondtoanewsituation.

indofmelancholypride:Apparentlytheauthorwasstillproudofhis"projectof

considerableimportance",thoughhewassadbecauof"veralmiscalculationsonhispart".

denominator:Thisisatermudinmathematics,meaning"thecommonmultiple

ofthedenominatorofveralfractions"(公分母).Inthiscontext,itmeans"thecharacteristic

sharedbythethreepersons",aifonlywasudbyallthreeofthem.

maritalchancesshehadletgoby:allthechancesforhertogetmarriedshehad

misd

let(sth.)goby—losth.

'tletitgoby.

'saperverstreakinallofusthatmakesusliketohashoveroldmistakes.:

There'sanobstinatelyunreasonablequalityinallofuswhichmakesunjoybringingupold

mistakesagainforconsideration.

perver—(ofapersonorone'sactions)showinganobstinatedesiretobehaveinan

unreasonableway

couldn'tunderstandherperverdecisionagainstthemajority.

streak—anelementofaspecifiedkindinone'scharacter（性格行为的）倾向,anoften

unpleasantcharacteristic

eakofstubbornnessmakesherdifficulttogetalongwith.

hashover—(slang)bringup(sth.)againforconsideration

'pandtry

todobetternexttime.

tuteaphrathatsuppliesliftinsteadofcreatingdrag:uaphra(inplaceofif

only)thatprovidencouragementthatpushesyouforwardinsteadofdiscouragementthat

pullsyoubackward

substitute(v.)—u(sth.)inplaceof()

ladysuffersfromdiabetes,soshesubstitutessaccharineforsugar/soshe

substitutessugarwithsaccharine.

substitute(n.)—apersonorthingactingorudinplaceofanother

ress'ssubstituteperformedaswellastheactressherlf.

looksmeintheeye:whenhelooksdirectlyatmewithoutshowingembarrassment,

fear,orshame

hearthenewwordslockintoplacewithanaudibleclick:Icouldnthenew

wordsfirmlyfixedinmymindwithoutanydoubt

most-perceptiblementalclick:thereminderprovidedbytheOldManthatcan

roughlybefeltinthemind

fragmentofimmortality:asmallpieceofadvicetoberememberedforever

Questions

etheauthorandtheoldmanrelated?

ingtotheauthor,howmuchdidthessionwithhispsychiatristfriendthatafternoon

meantohim?(para.1)

theoldmanlettheauthorlistentothethreespeakersonthetape?(para.15)

dtheoldmanadvitheauthortodotogetoutofhisdepresdstateofmind?(para.

20)

wayarethetwophras"ifonly"and"nexttime"different?(para.20)

youthinkisthetoneofthepassage?