中考英语阅读理解(word)
一、初三英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)
1.阅读理解
Somepeoplethinkonlyschoolchildrendonotagreewiththeirparents,however,itisnottrue.
'shardforyouto
communicatewithyourparents,don'esomeadviceforyoutobridgethe
generationgap(代沟).
Don'targue(争辩)'
parentsprobablywon'can'texpress
reyouunderstandwhyyouare
on'tthinkyoucan
speaktothematthemoment,trywritingaletter.
Trytoreachacompromi(和解).Perhapsyouandyourparentsdisagreeonsomething.
l'smotherdidn't
yfinallycametoa
lboughtthemotorcycle,butonlydroveitoncertaindays.
Ofcour,esituations,itis
especiallyimportanttoshowloveandrespect(尊敬)grespectwillkeepyour
relationshipstrong.
uesofyourparentsareprobablydifferentfromthoofyour
urparentswhatyoucareabout,tandingyourvaluesmighthelp
themeyourpurposinlife.
Agrth
havingatry!
(1)Accordingtothepassagewhohaveacommunicationproblem?
hoolkidsandtheirparents
sandchildrenofallages
(2)Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthewritergiveustobridgethegenerationgap?
A.5.B.4.C.3.D.2.
(3)Theunderlinedword"bridge"inthepassagemeans"___________".
A.建立B.消除C.通过D.到达
(4)Ifthevaluesofyourparentsaredifferentfromthoofyours,you'dbetter___________.
ayfromthem
urparentswhatyoucareabout
(5)Thebesttitleforthepassageis___________.
ealwithfamilyproblems
eagoodchild
【答案】(1)D
(2)C
(3)B
(4)D
(5)A
【解析】【分析】文章大意:短文讲了家长和孩子之间有代沟,主要原因就是缺少沟通,
当我们彼此了解了对方的观点和想法以后,就能很容易的理解对方,从而消除代沟。
(1)细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildren
ofallages,对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说,交流是个问题,可知交流是父母与孩子的
问题。故选D。
(2)细节归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第三段第一句Don'targue(争辩)withyour
parents。不要和你的父母争论。第四段句子Trytoreachacompromi(和解)。试图达成
妥协。第六段句子Talkaboutyourvalues。谈论你的价值观。可知一共说了三点建议。故选
C。
(3)词义猜测题。根据上下文Ifit'shardforyoutocommunicatewithyourparents,don't
worryaboutit。Herearesomeadviceforyoutobridgethegenerationgap(代沟)"如果你很
难和你的父母沟通,不要担心,这里有一些建议可以帮助你…代沟。可知作者提供的是如
何消除代沟的建议,结合选项,即这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟,所以bridge意为
消除。故选B。
(4)细节理解题,根据倒数第二段句子"Thevaluesofyourparentsareprobablydifferent
fromthoofyourown。Tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout,andwhy。"你父母的价值观
可能与你自己的价值观不同。告诉你的父母你关心什么,为什么。可知让父母了解你的价
值观,可以帮助父母更加的了解你,故选D。
(5)标题归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子Communicationisaproblemfor
parentsandchildrenofallages。Ifit'shardforyoutocommunicatewithyourparents,don't
worryaboutit。Herearesomeadviceforyoutobridgethegenerationgap(代沟)。对于父
母和所有年龄段的孩子来说,交流是个问题,如果你很难和你的父母沟通,不要担心,这
里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟。可知本文主要介绍怎样消除代沟的建议,对消除代沟
提出一些建议,故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型,细节题要注意从文中抓住
关键词寻找答案;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出主题句。
2.根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。
C
Whatisyourfavoritecolor?AskfamouspersonslikeCateBlanchett,ScarlettJohnson,and
Bono(singerforthebandU2),andmaybetheywillsay“green.”That’snotbecauthe
d,theyareinterestedingreenfashion.
Greenfashionisaboutmaking(andwearing)clothesthataregoodforhumans,animals,
ast,ay,green
haveinterestingclothesandbegreen.
Aroundtheworld,mple,yPeople
Treellsmen’sandwomen’sclothingandaccessories(配搭物).Theyaremadefromnatural
fabrics(织物)swhomaketheclothesarefromcountrieslike
Kenya(肯尼亚),andBangladesh(孟加拉国).PeopleTreepaysthemenandwomengood
moneyfortheclothestheymake.
eclothesaresold,
EDUNusmostofthemoneytohelppeoplearoundtheworld.
(1)Fromthispassage,weknowthat“greenfashion”means________.
clothesfromgreentrees
gclothesthataregoodfortheEarth
(2)Today,greenfashionis___________.
peopleworkharder
popularwithfamouspersons
(3)Whichntenceaboutgreenclothingcompaniesistrue?
notpaytheirworkerswell.
enaturalfabricstomakeclothes.
(4)WhatdoesEDUNdo?
hespeopletomakeclothes.
sinterestingclothesforteenagers.
sclothesandusthemoneytohelppeople.
peoplegoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.
【答案】(1)D
(2)C
(3)D
(4)C
【解析】【分析】
⑴细节理解。根据第二段Greenfashionisaboutmaking(andwearing)clothesthatare
goodforhumans,animals,andtheEarth可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的
衣服。故选D。
⑵细节理解。根据第二段Buttoday,greenfashionisdifferent.和第三段Aroundtheworld,
greenfashionisbecomingpopular可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。故选C。
⑶细节理解。根据第三段可知yPeopleTreellsmen'sandwomen'sclothing
andaccessories(配搭物).Theyaremadefromnaturalfabrics(织物)likecottonandwool.
WorkerswhomaketheclothesarefromcountrieslikeKenya(肯尼亚),andBangladesh(孟加
拉国).PeopleTreepaysthemenandwomengoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.可知他们
用天然纤维制作衣服。ABC错误,故选D。
⑷细节理解。跟最后一句Whentheclothesaresold,EDUNusmostofthemoneytohelp
peoplearoundtheworld.可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。故选C
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力,答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键
词,在文章中寻找答案。
3.根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
“Whoneedsashoppingmall(购物中心)ifyouhaveTaobao?"saysWangLin,28,awriterin
Beijing.
Taobao,China'slargestonlineshoppingsite(网上购物网站),hasbecomeanimportantpart
ofWangLin'ndslotsofmoneyonTaobao.
AgrowingnumberofChineInterneturslikeWanghavefoundthejoysofonlineshopping.
menshoponlinethanmen;
Clothingandhome-uproductsarethemostpopularonline.
Itwasreportedthatmorethan250billion(十亿)yuanwasspentononlineshoppinglast
year,80%throughTaobao.
Taobaomeans"lookingfortreasure"canfindalmosteverythingtheyneed
onTaobao,fromclothestobooks,fromcandiestoDVDplayers.
Youmayquestionthecurityofonlineshopping,WangLinsaid,"It'sverysafeandconvenient.
Unlessyoureceivetheproductsfromthellersandaresatisfiedwiththem,theshopownerwill
alsogetyourmoneybackifyouwanttoreturntheproducts.”
(1)WhatisTaobao?
(2)Whoarethemostonlineshoppers?
(3)Domoremenshoponlinethanwomen?
(4)Whatcanyoudoifyouwanttoreturntheproducts?
(5)HowmuchdidpeoplespendonlineshoppingthroughTaobaolastyear?
【答案】(1)It'sChinalargestonlineshoppingsite.
(2)Theyarestudentsoryoungworkers.
(3)No,theydon't.
(4)I/Wecangetmy/ourmoneyback.
(5)Morethan200millionyuan.
【解析】【分析】这篇短文中主要介绍了淘宝网越来越受人们的欢迎。人们几乎可以在网
上购买到他们所有需要的物品。而且网上购物,不满意可以退货。
(1)细节理解。根据第二段Taobao,China'slargestonlineshoppingsite(网上购物网站),
hasbecomeanimportantpartofWangLin'slife.可知答案是:It'sChinalargestonlineshopping
site.
(2)细节理解。根据第三段Mostonlineshoppersarestudentsoryoungworkers.可知答案
是:Theyarestudentsoryoungworkers.
(3)细节理解。根据第三段Morewomenshoponlinethanmen;可知答案是:No,theydon't.
(4)细节理解。根据最后一句Youcanalsogetyourmoneybackifyouwanttoreturnthe
products.可知答案是:Icangetmymoneyback.或者Wecangetourmoneyback。
(5)细节理解。根据第四段Itwasreportedthatmorethan250billion(十亿)yuanwas
spentononlineshoppinglastyear,80%throughTaobao可知答案是:Morethan200million
yuan.
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言
填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时,要完全理解句子,根据同义词,句型转换的方式找到
可以替换文章中的单词,短语或者句子的词。
4.阅读理解
Manytee
believethattheirfamilymembersdon'efamilies,it
isquiteoftenforbrothersorsisterstofightwitheachotherandthentheycanonlygototheir
friendsforsomeideas.
entheyare
notwiththeirfriends,
communicationisveryimportantinchildren'sgrowth,becaufriendscandiscusssomethings
thataredifficulttosaytotheirfamilymembers.
However,parentsoftentrytochootheirchildren'rentsmayeven
stoptheirchildrenfrommeetingtheirgoodfriends.
Haveyoueverthoughtofthefollowingquestions?
Whochoosyourfriends?Doyouchooyourfriendsoryourfriendschooyou?Haveyou
gotagoodfriendyourparentsdon'tlike?Youranswersarewelcome.
(1)Manyteenagersthinkthatcanunderstandthembetter.
s
(2)isveryimportanttoteenagers.
icatingwiththeirfriends
phonecalls
(3)Whenteenagershavesomethingdifficulttosaytotheirparents,theyusually.
iththeirparents
eirbrothersorsistersforhelp
(4)Theunderlinedntence"Youranswersarewelcome."means"".
swersarealwaysright.
'vegotnoidea,giveusalltherightanswers.
【答案】(1)A
(2)B
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】文章大意:许多青少年认为他们生活中最重要的人是他们的朋友。他们
相信他们的家人不像他们的朋友那样了解他们。在大家庭里,兄弟姐妹经常互相打架,然
后他们只能去朋友那里寻求一些想法。对青少年来说,有一个好朋友或一群朋友是很重要
的。即使他们没有和朋友在一起,他们也经常花很多时间打电话。交流他们的感受。然
而,父母往往会为孩子选择朋友。有些父母甚至可能阻止他们的孩子去见他们的好朋友。
你想过下列问题吗?谁选择你的朋友?你选择你的朋友还是你的朋友选择你?你有父母不
喜欢的好朋友吗?欢迎回答。
(1)细节理解题,根据Theybelievethattheirfamilymembersdon'tknowthemaswell
astheirfriendsdo.可知,年轻人认为朋友们能更好的理解他们,故答案是A。
(2)细节理解题,根据Thecommunicationisveryimportantinchildren'sgrowth,可
知,对于年轻人来说,与朋友交流时很重要的,故答案是B。
(3)细节理解题,根据friendscandiscusssomethingsthataredifficulttosaytotheir
familymembers.可知,年轻人跟自己的朋友谈一些难以对父母讨论的问题,故答案是C。
(4)句意猜测题,根据短文内容可知,本句话的意思是我们欢迎你的回答来讨论这些问
题,故答案是A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和句意猜测提。细节理解题可以直接从文中
寻找答案;句意猜测题则需要结合前后文来理解句子深层次的意思。
5.阅读理解
ChipwasinthefirstgradewhenIarrivedathisschoolasacounlor(辅导员).Itwas
shockingtomethathewasdescribedasanangry,uncontrollableandevil(道德败坏的)boy.
Howcouldsuchalittleboy,afterbeinginschoolonlyoneyear,beconsidered"evil"?Overthe
nextveralmonths,IcametoknowChipwellenoughtoethathewasneitherevilnor
uncontrollable.
But,oneday,himwhat
therewasnowaytoevergether
ed,andwecalledherintomy
office.
Whentheteachercame,.Hethensaidthatheknewhewasavery,verybadboy,andhe
didn'cherlistenedtohimwithheartfeltcompassion.
Thenshegavehimabigwarmhug,tellinghimshedidn'thatehimatalland,actually,shecared
metimesChip'leartoboth
Chipandmethatshereallymeantit.
imhowwonderful
edhowspecialandbravehewastoexpresshishurtfeelings.
AsIwasspeakingtohim,
enon,I'mpleadtoehis
behaviourimprovedthroughtherestofschoolyears.
Achild'smindisclearandnsitive(敏感的).Hereceiveswhateverotherssaywithout
easytoconsidersomeonehopelessasitistoconsiderhimableinhisown
specialway.
(1)Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus.
cherdidn'tcareaboutChipatall
terthoughtdifferentlyaboutChip
(2)Whichofthefollowingisthebestntencetofillintheblankinthepassage?
ldn'edhertobemorepatient
ragedChiptoexpresshisfeelings
(3)TheunderlinedntenceinParagraph5showsthatChip.
ittlenervous
(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
s,,lovemydog.
higher,hereisawill,thereisaway.
【答案】(1)D
(2)D
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文讲述了作者在学校里面对一个被所有人看成“恶魔”的孩
子,并没有放弃她,反而安慰鼓励她,结果她真的像作者期盼的那样,变得更好了的事情。。
(1)细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Itwasshockingtomethathewasdescribedasanangry,
uncontrollableandevilboy和Overthenextveralmonths,IcametoknowChipwellenoughto
ethathewasneitherevilnoruncontrollable.可知作者与别人相比对Chip有不同的看法。故
选D。
(2)信息匹配题。根据下文Hethensaidthatheknewhewasavery,verybadboy,and
hedidn'tthinkanyonecouldeverlikehim.可知是在作者鼓励下Chip才会说下文自己的想
法,故选D。
(3)推断理解题。根据第五段最后句Fromthenon,I'mpleadtoehisbehavior
improvedthroughtherestofschoolyears可知,自从作者对Chip说了一番话后,他的行为变
得越来越好,因此当时他将身体靠在作者的右手上表达的应是对作者从内心的接受,可知
Chip已经接受作者的建议,故选A。
(4)主旨题大意题。文章讲述了作者在学校里面对一个被所有人看成“恶魔”的孩子,并
没有放弃他反而安慰鼓励他,结果他真的像作者期盼的那样,变得更好了。结合文章最后
一句话结合最后一段最一句
Itisaasytoconsidersomeonehopelessasitittoconsiderhimableinhisownspecialway可得
出文章主旨,即态度决定事情的结局。当你对人或事有高的期望时,结果往往会变得更
好。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找
出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的
基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。
6.阅读理解
Oneday,whenIarrivedatschool,am
verthoughtoneicecreamtruckwould
entuptothetruck,Iwasquitesurpridto
hearthemancallout,"Freeicecream!"Tomakesureofhiswords,Iasked,"I'd
yousay?""whicheveryoulike,"hesaid,smiling.
AfterIwascertainthatthemanwasjustgivingawaytheicecream,Italkedwithhimforalong
methathisdreamwastotravelaround,givingawayicecream,andthat'swhathe
smother'ssupport,hekeptdoingwhathelovedevenduringhardtimes.
Now,somelargecompanieswerehelpinghimwithhisplan.
Themansaidhewantedtoencouragepeopletodoexactlywhattheirheartstoldthemtodo
skinghim,"Soyourdreamwasjusttodrivearoundandgiveawayice
cream?Itemslikeaveryunusualgoal.""Yes,justmeetingpeopleandmakingthemsmile,"he
edhim,butwhatIgotfromhimwas
'vewhathewasdoing
ixactlywhatgreatpeopledoallthetime:smallactsofbiglove.
(1)Fromthestoryweknowthatthewriterwasmostprobablyatthattime.
ryschoolstudent
ryschoolteacher
(2)Whydidthewriterasktheicecreammantosaywhathehadsaidagain?
ehewasnotsurewhetherwhathehadheardwastrue.
etheicecreamtruckhadneverbeenhere.
etheicecreammansaidinalowvoice.
ehishearingwasverypoor.
(3)Withhismother'shelpandsomelargecompanies'support,.
couldproduceicecream
realizedhisdream
(4)What'sthebesttitleforthisstory?
m
【答案】(1)A
(2)A
(3)D
(4)B
【解析】【分析】文章大意:通过作者在上中学免费领取冰淇淋的事,给我们讲述了一个
大道理:小行动大爱。
(1)逻辑推理题,根据Icecreammenusuallydrovetheirtruckstoprimaryschools.I
hadneverthoughtoneicecreamtruckwouldcometobringicecreamtousolder
kids.可知作者是一个中学生,故答案是A。
(2)细节理解题,根据WhenIwentuptothetruck,Iwasquitesurpridtohearthe
mancallout,"Freeicecream!"Tomakesureofhiswords,Iasked,"I'd
yousay?"可知,作者对于卖冰淇淋人的活不太相信,故答案是A。
(3)细节理解题,根据Withhismother'ssupport,hekeptdoingwhathelovedevenduring
,somelargecompanieswerehelpinghimwithhisplan.可知,在妈妈的帮助
下,作者实现了自己的梦想,故答案是D。
(4)标题判断题,根据Ibelievewhathewasdoingixactlywhatgreatpeopledoall
thetime:smallactsofbiglove.可知本文的标题应该是:小行动大爱,故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题和标题判断题。细节理解题可
以直接从文中寻找答案;逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境,有已知内容推出未知的可能的事
实;标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章中心,凝练句式得出结论。
7.阅读理解
Whatcouldapoemwriterandafilmdirectorshare?Morethanyouthink!LangstonHughes
beganwritingpoemsinhighschoolandsoonbecameoneofAmerica'
epoemsaboutpeoplewho
eplaysandbooks
aboutjustice(正义)forallpeople,andhewrotekids'books,etandSourAnimal
esandphotoswereudinthebook."Holdfastto
dreams"'xactlywhathedidthroughouthislife.
WhenStevenSpielbergwasinmiddleschool,nideafora
film,tedatree-plantingbusinessandmadehisfilmwiththemoneyhe
ergneverstoppedmakingfilms,
msareaboutpeople
whoareadventurous(爱冒险的),brave,ractersoftenfightforwhatisgood.
SomeofhisfilmsareabouthisJewishbackground,suchasSchindler'ergoncesaid,"I
don'tdreamthatmuchatnightbecauIdreamforaliving."Indifferentways,bothHughesand
Spielberghaveencouragedpeopleofallagestoreachfortheirdreams.
(1)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
mmakerswhowereafraidtodream
terswhoweren'whoweren'tafraidtodream
(2)WhenLangstonHughesbecamegreathewasStevenSpielberg,whobecomespopular.
han
(3)WhichofthefollowingisLangstonHughes'writingnotabout?
rtreatmentofanimals.
rtreatmentofpeople.
(4)WhatdidLangstonHughesdoinhiswholelife?
timeshadawishtoachieve.
yswrotepoemsforfilms.
【答案】(1)D
(2)C
(3)B
(4)A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了兰斯顿休斯高中时开始写诗,很快成为美国最伟大的作家之
一,史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格上中学时,他想拍一部电影,今天他是世界上最受欢迎和最重要的
电影制片人之一,他们用不同的方式鼓励人们实现他们的梦想。
(1)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了兰斯顿休斯和史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格用不同的方式鼓励
人们实现梦想,即两个不害怕梦想的人,故选D。
(2)推断题。根据LangstonHughesbeganwritingpoemsinhighschoolandsoonbecame
oneofAmerica'evenSpielbergwasinmiddleschool,hewantedto
nideaforafilm,butnomoney可知兰斯顿休斯高中时开始写诗,很快成
为美国最伟大的作家之一,而史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格上中学时,他想拍一部电影但是没有钱,
所以中学时没有受欢迎,所以兰斯顿休斯变得受欢迎时更年轻,故选C。
(3)细节题。根据
wrotepoemsaboutpeoplewhoworkedhardthroughlifebutstillfoundthingstobehappyabout.
Hewroteplaysandbooksaboutjustice(正义)forallpeople,andhewrotekids'books,too.可
知他的大部分作品都是关于他作为非裔美国人的经历。他写了一些诗,描写那些在生活中
努力工作,但仍能找到快乐的事物的人。他为所有人写剧本和关于正义的书,他也写儿童
读物,没有关于动物的公平对待的,故选B。
(4)细节题。根据Picturesandphotoswereudinthebook."Holdfasttodreams"isaline
'xactlywhathedidthroughouthislife.书中使用了图片和照
片。“紧紧抓住梦想”是休斯一首著名的诗中的一句话。这正是他一生所做的。即从不放弃
梦想,故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型,细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息;主旨题需要通读全文,了
解大意之后找出中心思想。
8.阅读理解
RoaldDahlwasoneofthemostsuccessfulwritersofchildren'millionsofbooks
famousthat
thereivenaRoaldDahlMuumyoucanvisit.
RoaldDahlwasbornin1916inWales,herwasrichbuthediedwhenRoaldwas
oleaveschoolandwenttoAfrica
whereheworkedforanoilcompany.
In1939,Roaldbecameapilot,himlimp(瘸的)forthe
his,RoaldwenttoAmericawherehewroteastoryabouthixperienceasa
ogoodthatitwasputinamagazine.
ughtahouinEnglandandhadfivechildren.
From1960to1965,:Theo,oneofhischildren,,
oneofRoald'sdaughters,terthis,hiswifealsohadarious
heryearstogetcompletelybetter.
ysdidhiswritinginanoldshed
(棚)yssatinthesameoldarmchairwithawoodenboardon
hislap.
"Oneofthenicethingsaboutbeingawriter,"heoncesaid,"isthatallyouneediswhatyou've
gotinyourheadandapencilandabitofpaper."
hislife,Roaldwrotemanyfamous
books,suchasCharlieandtheChocolateFactory,Matilda,FantasticMrFox.
Afterhediedin1990,Roaldleftmoneytohelppeoplewithriousillnessandthowith
problemswithreadingandwriting.
(1)RoaldDahlwasfamousasa(n).
(2)AfterRoaldwenttoAmerica,he.
storyabouthispilotexperience
gprizeforhisbookMatilda
(3)WhichofthefollowingisthebestfortheblankinParagraph4?
erriblethingshappened
tedsomeunluckycharacters
(4)WhatRoaldsaidinParagragh6mainlyshowsthat.
writerwasapopularjobatthattime
dstopractialotifhewantstobeawriter
ovedwritingverymuchandwastalentedinit
hewassuccessful,Roaldlivedasimplelife
【答案】(1)D
(2)B
(3)B
(4)C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了罗尔德·达尔是最成功的儿童读物作家之一。他在全世界卖了几
百万本书。他的许多书都被拍成了电影和录像带。
(1)细节题。根据RoaldDahlwasoneofthemostsuccessfulwritersofchildren'sbooks.可知
是成功的儿童读物作家之一,故选D。
(2)细节题。根据Afterthis,RoaldwenttoAmericawherehewroteastoryabouthis
experienceasapilot.可知Roald去了美国后写了一部关于飞行员经历的故事,故选B。
(3)细节题。根据后文Theo,oneofhischildren,washitbyataxiandwasriouslyhurt.
Oliva,oneofRoald'sdaughters,terthis,hiswifealsohada
heryearstogetcompletelybetter.他的一个孩子西奥被出租车撞了,伤
得很重。奥利瓦,罗尔德的一个女儿,死于一种奇怪的疾病。不久之后,他的妻子也得了
重病。她花了很多年才完全康复,可知讲的是3个可怕的事情发生了,故选B。
(4)细节题。根据"Oneofthenicethingsaboutbeingawriter,"heoncesaid,"isthatallyou
neediswhatyou'vegotinyourheadandapencilandabitofpaper."可知“作为一个作家的好处
之一,”他曾经说,“就是你所需要的就是你脑子里的东西,一支铅笔和一张纸,即Roald
非常喜欢写作,并且在写作方面有天赋,故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
9.阅读理解
Whenhismumfainted(昏厥)andknockedherlfout,unconscious,fouryearoldHenry
Daviesknewjustwhattodo—thankstoastorybook.
Hecalmlydialled999andtoldtheemergencyrviceshowtogettohishomeandthen
phonedhisfather.
TheboytoldthedoctorswhathadhappenedanddirectedthemtothehouinCoundon,
Coventry,andevenofferedthedoctorsadrink
lsoofferedtolookafterhis12—montholdbrotherNoah.
Hisfather,Iran,35,said,"Chloehasbeenunwellwithahighfeverwhichhasmadeherfeel
orworkearlyatabout7:30amandasshegotupafterIleftshefeltquitedizzy
tthingsheremembersisfaintingdownonthefloorandhearingHenrytalking
eenherfallandhitherheadonthetable,buthecouldn'
hepickedupthephoneanddialled999foranambulance."
Chloesaid,"Henryhasastorybook,AmbulanceCrew,onwhattodoinanemergency,which
we'ulancecrewwereamazed.
We'reveryproudofhim."
(1)HowoldwasHenry?
A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.
(2)WhatwasthematterwithHenry'smother?
shotbyagun.
hurtbadly.
(3)HowdidHenryknowtheknowledgeofsavinghismother?
at.
(4)Theunderlinedwords"emergencyrvices"mean"_________"inChine.
A.紧急应变机构B.突发事件C.急诊室D.医疗
(5)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
re4peopleinHenry'reparedadrinkforthedoctors.
'heris29yearsold.
【答案】(1)D
(2)A
(3)B
(4)A
(5)D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Henry凭借《救护人员》书上的内容,救了他的妈妈。
(1)细节题。根据fouryearoldHenryDavies...可知,Henry4岁了,故选D。
(2)细节题。根据Thenextthingsheremembersisfaintingdownonthefloor可知,亨利
的母亲晕倒在地板上,故选A。
(3)推理题。根据Henryhasastorybook,AmbulanceCrew,onwhattodoinanemergency
亨利有一本故事书《救护人员》,讲述在紧急情况下该怎么做可知,Henry是通过读书知道
救他母亲的知识,故选B。
(4)词义辨析题。根据Hecalmlydialled999他平静地拨打了999,可知999是个紧急
应变机构,故emergencyrvices是紧急应变机构的意思,故选A。
(5)细节题。根据Hisfather,Iran,35,可知他的父亲29岁是错的,故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题,词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型,
细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息,词义猜测题
需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意,主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思
想。
10.阅读理解
ydidn't
madeaballoutofoldsockscoveredwitha
pieceofplastic,Everytime,thetwofriendsdidn'tstopkickingandrunninguntilverylate.
OnMondayafternoon,ehome-madeball
lwasstoppedbya
suptwhenhesawtheboywasSteven.
Thenextmorning,John'smothergavehimabill."Yourunclentyouabirthdayprent,she
'yesgrewbigwhenhesawthe$hatday,hismotherboughtanew
pairofsportsshoesandarealfootball.
didnotwantJacktojointhemonly
becauJack'egamewasover,JohnandStevenwalkedpast
,holding
hisnewfootballinhishands,walkedonanddidnotlookback.
eoldbench,
lookedclorandsawitwasthehomemadeball,Johnwasfullofsadnesswhenhesawtheball.
Ashissadnessturnedtoanger,
walkedtothebench,satdownandwaited.
(1)gwiththeirhome-madeball,theyfelt______.
(2)WhatprentdidJohngetfromhisuncle?
irofshoes,
(3)Whydidn'tJackplayfootballwithJohnandSteven?
ehewasill.
ehehatedSteven,
ehedidn'twearsportsshoes.
ehewasn'tinvitedbySteven.
(4)Johnsatonthebenchandprobablywaitedfor______.
le
(5)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
otball
【答案】(1)B
(2)A
(3)D
(4)B
(5)C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了John和Jack每天下午一起踢足球,足球是Jack自己制作的,
一天早上John的妈妈给John叔叔给他的100美元,John的妈妈给他买了一双新球鞋和一
个真正的足球,那天下午Steven邀请John踢足球,Steven不想让Jack加入,因为Jack的
鞋是脏的。
(1)细节题。根据SoJackmadeaballoutofoldsockscoveredwithapieceofplastic,Every
time,thetwofriendsdidn'tstopkickingandrunninguntilverylate.可知Jack和John踢足球到
很晚,所以他们感到高兴,故选B。
(2)细节题。根据Yourunclentyouabirthdayprent,'yesgrewbig
whenhesawthe$100bill.可知叔叔给了John100美元,故选A。
(3)细节题。根据StevendidnotwantJacktojointhemonlybecauJack'ssportsshoes
weredirty.可知因为Jack的鞋子是脏的,所以Steven没有邀请Jack,故选D。
(4)推断题。根据Thenhewalkedtothebench,satdownandwaited.可知John走到之前他
们见面的长凳坐下,等待Jack,故选B。
(5)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了John和Jack一起踢Jack自己制作的足球,故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型,细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息;主旨题需要通读全文,了
解大意之后找出中心思想。
11.阅读理解
Thedayshaze(雾霾),everyonehasthepowerto
calgovernmentscallontheirpeopletotake
actiontomaketheaircleaner.
Transportisoneofthebiggestcontributors(促成物),where,bow,whyand
edrivestoworkforoneyear,heusasmuch
orrideyourbicycletoworkorschoolwhenever
necessary,rsonusing
publictransportforayearinsteadofacarcansavenearlyatonneofpollutants,includingCO
2
,
fromgoingintotheatmosphere.
Carpoolingisanotherwaytoreducecarbonemissions(排放).Carpoolingisthesharingof
diatelyreducesyourcar's
emissionsbyhalf.
Whatyoud
doalotofthingsinsideandaroundyourhomethatwillhelpyoupollutelessandsavesome
money.
Alargeamountofourenergysupplycomesfromburningcoal,
cuttingdownyourelectricityu,aytrytoreduceyour
uofelectricitybyturningofflights,usingyourairconditionerwilyduringthesummer
months,mple,you
canuenergy-savinglampsthatrequirelesnergyandlast10timeslongerthancommon
bulbs.
(1)Whichdoesthewriterthinkshouldplayanimportantroleinreducinghaze?
people.
(2)Wecaninfer(推断)fromthepassagethatthewriterthinks.
nbeudonlywhenpeoplehaveto
ouldbegivenupassoonaspossible
stbeimprovedtoreduceairpollution
ycauthemostriouspollutionofall
(3)Weshouldreducetheuofelectricitymainlybecau.
avealotofmoneybyusinglesnergy
nowbecomingrarerandrareronourplanet
lthingscomeoutwhileelectricityisproduced
icalappliancesndoutsomethingharmfultoourair
(4)Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
uCanDotoReduceHaze
ortantItIstoReduceHaze
【答案】(1)D
(2)A
(3)C
(4)B
【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法,第一种为尽量使用公
共交通工具外出,第二种为尽量拼车出行,第三种为减少电力的使用。
(1)细节题。结合第一段第二句Infact,everyonehasthepowertochangetheirlivinghabits
tohelpreduceit.可知,每个人都有能力通过改变自己的生活习惯来减少雾霾。因此,作者
认为在减少雾霾上,普通人应该发挥重要作用,故选D。
(2)推断题。由第二段
isnecessary,youcanupublictransportinsteadofyourcar.可知,尽可能步行或骑自行车,
必要时乘坐公共交通工具也不要开车。因此作者认为仅当不得已的时候才应该才去开车,
故选A。
(3)细节题。结合第五段第一句Alargeamountofourenergysupplycomesfromburning
coal,anothercontributortohaze.可知,发电时,我们需要烧煤等,而这会释放出有害物
质,进而污染空气。C项意为“当生产电力时会释放有害物质”,符合题意,故选C。
(4)主旨题。通读全文,文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法,第一种为尽量使用公共
交通工具外出,第二种为尽量拼车出行,第三种为减少电力的使用。故文章主旨在于普通
人可以做些什么、采取什么措施来减少雾霾,故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力,首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后根据问题在文章中找到依
据,选出正确答案,注意阅读方法的运用。
12.阅读理解
Whenhewassmall,Hillwasafamousbadboy.
Attheageof9,timetheylivedpoorlyinthe
countrysidewhilehisstepmotherwasfromawealthyfamily.
HisfatherintroducedHilltohisstepmotherashesaid,"Dear,Ihopeyounoticeintheentire
shirethisistheworstboy,eforetomorrow
morninghewillthrowastoneatyou,ordoabadthingyouwillneverimagine."
ToHill'ssurpri,hisstepmotherwentuptohimwithasmile,helduphisheadandlookedat
nturnedaroundtotellherhusband,"You'ttheworstboy
intheentireshire,doesn'tfindaplacetoshow
himlf."
Hisstepmother'swordswarmedhisheart,startedbuilding
sbecamethedriveofhislife,makinghimcreate28
successfulgoldenrules,whichhelpedtensofthousandsofordinarypeoplewalkontheroadto
success.
Beforehisstepmothercame,noonepraidhimsmart,andhisfatherandneighbors
r,hisstepmother'swordschangedhislife.
WhenHillwas14yearsold,hisstepmotherboughthimaudtypewriterandsaidtohim,"I
believeyouwillbecomeawriter."Hillacceptedhisstepmother'sgiftandexpectation,andstarted
rstoodhisstepmother'sstrongfeelingofinterestin
ore,hewoulddoas
wellassheexpectedhimto.
ThestrengthfromhisstepmothermadehimarichmanandfamouswriterintheUnitedStates
andoneofthemostimportantpersonsinthe20thcentury.
Praiwillneverbeunnecessary,e(真诚的)praimaybe
betterthan10,000badwords.
(1)WhatdidpeoplethinkofHillbeforetheageofnine?
.
(2)WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaboutHill?
ptedhisstepmother'edtodoashewaxpected.
rstoodhisstepmother.
(3)Thewriterismostprobablyanexpertof_________.
ion
(4)Thepassagewaswrittenmainlytotellusthat_________.
enshouldbepraid
'sfathermarriedagain
'sstepmotherwaskindtohim
'sfatherwascrueltohim
【答案】(1)C
(2)B
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】大意:一个在别人眼里是最坏的男孩的Hill,他继母的来临后,继母几句
表扬的话改变了聪明的一生,他继母的力量让他成为一名富人作家和美国最重要的人物,
作者以Hill事例向我们展示了表扬的重要性。
(1)推断题。根据Whenhewassmall,Hillwasafamousbadboy.可知,他九岁之前,人们
认为他是一个出了名的坏小孩,可推出坏小孩一般对他人都是不友好的,故选C。
(2)细节题。根据ouswriterintheUnited
States可知,Hill没有辜负继母的期望,B选项与原文不符,故选B。
(3)推断题。作者以Hill事例向我们展示了表扬的重要性,可推出作者应该是教育方面
的专家,故选D。
(4)主旨题。作者以Hill事例向我们展示了表扬的重要性,故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力,细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题
要从文中寻找答案;推断题需要根据上下文,推断出需要的信息;主旨题需要通读全文,
了解大意之后找出中心思想。
13.阅读理解
"ThedaywillbethemostmemorableinthehistoryofAmerica,"wroteJohnAdamsin1776.
"Peoplewillhonoritwithparades,fireworksandcelebrations,"headded.
Since1776,AmericanshavecelebratedJuly4asthecountry'learly
cludeJohnAdams,whobecamethecond
ndThomasJefferson,thecountry'sthirdpresident,bothdiedonthecountry's
onroe,thefifthUSpresident,diedonJuly4,
30thpresident,CalvinCoolidge,wasbornonJuly4.
MostAmericanscelebrateIndependenceDaywithbarbecues,w
celebratebyeatingallthehotdogstheycan,Sincetheearly1970s,arestaurantcalledNathan's
Famoush10
years,JoeyChestnuthaswonthemen'scontestninetimes,In2016,hetarecordatthe
2016women'swinner,MikiSudo,haswon
2016,dChestnuteach
wona$10,000prize.
Let'sgobacktothofireworks,probablythemostcommonimagerelatedtoIndependence
omanyofourfireworkscomefrom?.Bythe
way,wealsoimportmostofourAmericanflagsfromChina,too.
(1)SomepresidentsdiedonJuly4EXCEPT____________.
Coolidge
(2)SomeAmericanscelebrateIndependenceDaybyeating____________.
gers
(3)Whichofthefollowingcanbeputintotheblank?
y
(4)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
estnutate38andahalfhotdogsintenminutes.
ansimportmostoftheirnationalflagsfromJapan.
anslovefireworksverymuch.
anshavecelebratedJuly4asthecountry'sIndependenceDaysince1831.
【答案】(1)D
(2)A
(3)B
(4)C
【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介绍了内国人庆祝独立日的方式,有人通过烧烤、游行
和放烟花庆祝,有人通过吃热狗庆祝,十年来乔伊获得了九次冠军,MikiSudo在过去三年
中每一年都获得了冠军。2016年,她吃了38.5个热狗。
(1)细节理解题,根据
includeJohnAdams,ndThomasJefferson,the
country'sthirdpresident,bothdiedonthecountry's50thanniversaryofIndependenceDay.
JamesMonroe,thefifthUSpresident,diedonJuly4,1831.可知死于七月四日的美国总统有约
翰亚当斯,托马斯杰斐逊,詹姆士摩尔,不包括柯立芝,故答案是D。
(2)细节理解题,根据Butafewcelebratebyeatingallthehotdogstheycan,可知一
些美国人通过吃热狗来庆祝美国独立日,故答案是A。
(3)细节理解题,根据Bytheway,wealsoimportmostofourAmericanflagsfrom
China,too.可知,空缺处应填China,故答案是B。
(4)正误判断题,根据Americansreallylovefireworks.可知美国人非常喜欢放烟花,因
此C的陈述是正确的,故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中
寻找答案;正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种,也需要根据文章内容进行判定。
14.阅读理解
RestaurantsintheUSA
Steve'sPizza
SomanypizzastoresinSouthBeach,but
askaMiamiBeachlocalwheretogetthe
bestpizzaandthey'lltellyouabout
Steve'NewYork–stylepizza,
handmadewithcareandgood
resofSteve'sare
openingelwhereinMiami,allinnon-
touristareas.
Openinghours:11:00a.m.–3:00a.m.
Cattleman'sSteakhou
Thisplaceis20mileastofthecity,butlocal
peoplewouldprobablydrive200milestoeathere.
Thefoodisgood,andthesceneryivenbetter.
Comeearlyandwanderaroundthegroundsof
IndianCliffsRanch,whereyou'lleeverythingfrom
rabbitstobuffalo,andthencatchthesunteither
beforeorafteryourmeal.
Openinghours:5:00p.m.-10:00p.m.
AbsoluteBaking&Café
Thescreendoorisalwaysswingingopen
atthistownhotspotwithgiant
greenchilioneggs–
it'smadefromscratch,asaretheorganic
chincludessalads,big
sandwichesandlocalgrass-fedbeef
'tmissasquareofsoft,fresh
carrotcake.
Openinghours:7:00a.m.-2:00p.m.
Walt'sWharf
Everybody'sfavoriteforfreshfish(somedrivein
fromLA),Walt'
can'torderyourdinner(thoughthey'reaccepted
forlunch),butit'sworththewaitfortheafood
andsteaksinthemany-windowedgroundflooror
upstairsincaptain'schairs.
Openinghours:11:00a.m.-3:30p.m.
(1)Accordingtothepassage,Steve'sPizza.
storesalloverMiami
MiamiBeach
thebestpizzainMiami
onlyinthedaytime
(2)Whichrestaurantrvesbothbreakfastandlunch?
'sPizza.
'sWharf.
man'sSteakhou.
teBaking&Café..
(3)Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom.
poster
【答案】(1)C
(2)D
(3)C
【解析】【分析】短文大意:这篇短文介绍了美国的几家饭店及它们的经营的特色菜,和
经营时间。
(1)细节理解题。根据SomanypizzastoresinSouthBeach,butaskaMiamiBeachlocal
wheretogetthebestpizzaandthey'lltellyouaboutSteve's.在南海滩有很多披萨店,但是要
问迈阿密海滩的当地人的去那里买最好的披萨,他们将会告诉你关于史蒂文店。可知史蒂
文的披萨是迈阿密最好的,故选C。
(2)细节理解题。根据AbsoluteBaking&Café:Thescreendoorisalwaysswingingopenat
thistownhotspotwithgiantbreakfasts.在这个小镇屏风门一直挂这开放,焦点是巨型早餐。
Andlunchincludessalads,bigsandwichesandlocalgrass-fedbeefburgers.午餐包括沙拉,大三
明治和当地草喂养的牛肉汉堡。可知AbsoluteBaking&Café饭店提供早餐和午餐。故选
D。
(3)文章出处题。文章讲述的是不同地方的饮食特色。可知这篇文章可能出自旅游杂
志。故选C。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。此题涉及到细节理解和文章出处两种题型。对于细节理解
题,在分析问题后,仔细阅读短文,从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的句子,选出合适选
项,对于文章出处题,要根据文章的内容决定,选出正确答案。
15.阅读理解
Howdoyougettoschooleveryday?Bybusorcar?SongKexin,a14-year-oldschoolgirlin
Xiamen,preferstogotoschoolonherbike."It'sthequickestandeasiestwaytogettoschool,"
shesaid."Whenthere'satrafficjam,Ifeelthefreedomwhilepassingsomanycarlines."
years,thepopularityofbicyclesin
ar,morebicyclesweresoldthancarsinEurope,accordingtotheBBC.
Cyclingisasafe,sbothtrafficjamsand
pollutionless,andisgreatforourhealth.
Ofcour,Romewasn'ularityofcyclinginmanyEuropeancountriesis
greatlybecauofbike-friendlypolicies.
Asthetraditional"cyclingcapital"inNorthernEurope,Copenhagen'sroadskeepbicyclesand
motorcarsparated(分离)eroads,therearepre-greenlights
indsofbicycletrafficlightsturngreenafewcondsbeforecartrafficlights
vethecycliststimetoavoidtrafficwhiletheyarecrossing.
InAmsterdam,startfrom
threehoursandtheaveragepriceforafulldayis8euros(66.8yuan).
Thisyear,inRuian,'sonly20yuanforafull
eethemaroundthecity?It'
rememberthefollowingideas,youwillbesafer.
■Althoughyoumaythinkahelmet(头盔)isnotcool,itcanprotectyourheadifyoufall
ootheonethatfitsyoubest.
■'sagoodideatowalkyourbike
acrossbusycrossingsbyfollowingtrafficlights.
■Ifyouarecyclingwithfriends,'tridewitheachothersidebyside.
■dtohearwhat'sgoing
onaroundyou.
(1)WhichoftheadvantagesofcyclingareNOTmentionedinthepassage?
,easyandfree.
,cleanandcheap.
,healthyandpopular.
ient,traditionalandcomfortable.
(2)InParagraph5,theunderlinedword"They"refersto"".
-greenlights
fficlights
agen'sroads
ntalcompanies
(3)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
gismuchbetterthandrivingcars.
lpfulforcycliststowearahelmet.
cyclesweresoldthancarsinChinalastyear.
erdam,theaveragepriceforabikeis8euros.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
fulWhileBiking
-friendlyPoliciesAroundUs
'RisingPopularityinEurope
olvetheProblemsofTransportation
【答案】(1)A
(2)A
(3)B
(4)C
【解析】【分析】短文大意:这篇短文讲的是中国曾经是自行车王国,但是这些年欧洲人
们骑自行车的人的数量正在上升,人们为什么要骑自行车和怎样骑自行车更安全。
(1)细节理解题。根据Cyclingisasafe,
years,sbothtrafficjamsandpollutionless,
raditional"cyclingcapital"inNorthernEurope,Copenhagen's
roadskeepbicyclesandmotorcarsparated(分离)erdam,
peoplecanhireabikefromalmostanywhereinthecity.文章提到自行车可租用,不是免费
的,故选A。
(2)词意猜测题。根据Ontheroads,indsof
bvethecyclists
timetoavoidtrafficwhiletheyarecrossing.在这些路上,对于骑行者有优先绿灯。这些自行
车的交通绿灯在机动车交通绿灯前几秒钟变绿。当骑行者穿过马路时它们给他们时间来避
免交通拥堵。可知此处they指的是优先绿灯。故选A。
(3)细节理解题。根据Althoughyoumaythinkahelmet(头盔)isnotcool,itcanprotect
yourheadifyoufalldown.虽然你可能认为头盔不酷,如果你摔下来它能保护你的头。可知
戴头盔有用。故选B。
(4)主旨大意题。这篇短文讲的是现在自行车为什么在欧洲很受欢迎。故选C。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。解答细节理解题时,常用定位法,根据题干和选项中的关键
词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案。推理判断题既要透过文章表
面文字推测文章隐含意思,又要根据作者的态度、意图和文章细节的发展作正确的推理判
断,不要固守自己的观点和看法,对于主旨大意题,要根据文章的中心思想确定。
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