study的过去式和过去分词

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常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

一、规则变化:

1.一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked,work—worked

2.以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved,dance—danced

3.以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried,study—studied

4.以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词<以重读闭音节或r音节结

尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母>,先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped,

permit—permitted

注：A.以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled；尾音节不重读时,双

不双写都可以,如travel—traveled<美>/travelled<英>。

B.特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked<去野餐>,traffic—trafficked—trafficked〔交易,在…通

行另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.<见后>

C.读音与说明:

①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]:helped,liked,finished,fetched,stopped,clapped

②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]:believed,changed,planned,preferred,followed,stayed

③.-ed在[t]、[d]后发音为[id]:wanted,needed,admitted,permitted

二、不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法：

1.以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如：

put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beatread—readmust--must

2.以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:

build—built,lend—lent,nd—nt,spend—spent

3.以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如：

mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt

4.以ow/aw结尾的词,把ow/aw变成ew。如：

blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grewthrow—threw〔动词show除外,show—

showed

5.含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如：

keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—felt,smell—smeltsweep—swept

6.含有元音字母o/i的词,将o/i变成a。如：

come—camebecome—becamesing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,drink—drank

7．以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如：

bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught

8．把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如：

drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote

9．动词原形中的e改为o,如：get—got,forget—forgot

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10．动词原形中的ee改为e,如：feed—fed,meet—met

11．动词原形中的eak改为oke,如：break—broke,speak—spoke

12．动词原形中的ell改为old,如：ll—sold,tell—told

13．动词原形中的an改为oo,如：stand—stood,understand—understood

14．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：

can—could,shall—should,will—would

15．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如：

hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕,say〔i〕—said〔d〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕

16．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：

am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,find—found,fly—flew,go—

went,have／has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,e—

saw,take—took

新人教版初中英语不规则动词归类记忆表

一、AAA型：动词原形与过去式、过去分词一样〔原形→原形→原形

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

readreadread

读

cutcutcut

切,割

letletlet

让

putputput

放

costcostcost

花费,值

hithithit

撞,击

ttt

安排,安置

hurthurthurt

使…伤痛

二、ABA型：动词原形与过去分词一样〔原形→过去式→原形

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

becomebecamebecome

成为

comecamecome

来

runranrun

跑

三、ABC型：动词原形与过去式、过去分词都不一样

→ew→own

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

blowblewblown

吹

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drawdrewdrawn

画

growgrewgrown

生长

knowknewknown

知道

flyflewflown

飞

2.i→a→u

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

beginbeganbegun

开始

drinkdrankdrunk

喝

singsangsung

唱

swimswamswum

游泳

ringrangrung

打

3.原形→过去式→过去式+n

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

wearworeworn

穿

forgetforgotforgotten

忘记

speakspokespoken

说

freezefrozefrozen

冻

choochochon

选择

4.原形→过去式→原形+n

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

eatateeaten

吃

forbidforbadeforbidden

禁止

givegavegiven

给

rideroderidden

骑

esawen

看见

writewrotewritten

写

fallfellfallen

落下

5.无规律

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

am/iswasbeen

是

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arewerebeen

是

dodiddone

做

gowentgone

走

taketooktaken

拿

四、ABB型

1.原形→ought→ought

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

bringbroughtbrought

带来

buyboughtbought

买

fightfoughtfought

打架

thinkthoughtthought

思考

2.原形→aught→aught

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

catchcaughtcaught

捉,抓

teachtaughttaught

教

3.变其中一个元音字母

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

feedfedfed

喂

meetmetmet

遇见

getgotgot

得到

holdheldheld

拥有

babysitbabysatbabysat

临时照看

sitsatsat

坐

winwonwon

赢

findfoundfound

发现

4.原形→□lt→□lt

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

feelfeltfelt

感到

keepkeptkept

保持

leaveleftleft

离开

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sleepsleptslept

睡

sweepsweptswept

扫

5.变其中一个辅音字母

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

buildbuiltbuilt

建造

hearheardheard

听见

makemademade

制造

meanmeantmeant

意思

ndntnt

送,寄

spendspentspent

花费

dealdealtdealt

处理

6.辅音字母和元音字母都变

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

havehadhad

有,吃

laylainlain

放

lolostlost

丢失

paypaidpaid

付钱

saysaidsaid

说

llsoldsold

卖

telltoldtold

告诉

standstoodstood

站

五、AAB型

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

beatbeatbeaten

打败

六、有两种形式

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

bear

boreborn

生

boreborne

hang

hangedhanged

吊死

hunghung

挂

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learn

learnedlearned

学

learntlearnt

lie

liedlied

说谎

laylain

躺

show

showedshowed

给…看

showedshown

spell

spelledspelled

拼写

speltspelt

burn

burnedburned

烧

burntburnt

smell

smelledsmelled

闻

smeltsmelt

shine

shinedshined

照耀

shoneshone

dream

dreameddreamed

做梦

dreamtdreamt

wake

wakedwaked

醒

wokewoken

hide

hidhid

躲藏

hidhidden

七、情态动词

原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

cancould

∕能

maymight

∕也许

must

∕∕必须

shallshould

∕将要

willwould

∕会

初中英语不规则动词表〔二

原形过去式过去分词

汉语意

思

原形过去式

过去分

词

汉语意

思

am/iswasbeen是laylainlain放

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arewerebeen是learnlearnedlearned学

babysitbabysatbabysat

临时照

看

learnlearntlearnt学

bearboreborn生leaveleftleft离开

bearboreborne生lendlentlent

把…借

给

beatbeatbeaten打败letletlet让

becomebecamebecome成为lieliedlied说谎

beginbeganbegun开始lielaylain躺

blowblewblown吹lolostlost丢失

bringbroughtbrought带来makemademade制造

buildbuiltbuilt建造maymight∕也许

burnburnedburned烧meanmeantmeant意思

burnburntburnt烧meetmetmet遇见

buyboughtbought买must∕∕必须

cancould∕能paypaidpaid付钱

catchcaughtcaught捉,抓putputput放

choochochon选择readreadread读

comecamecome来rideroderidden骑

costcostcost

花费,

值

ringrangrung打

cutcutcut切,割runranrun跑

dealdealtdealt处理saysaidsaid说

digdugdug挖esawen看见

dodiddone做llsoldsold卖

drawdrewdrawn画ndntnt送,寄

dreamdreameddreamed做梦ttt

安排,安

置

dreamdreamtdreamt做梦shallshould∕将要

drinkdrankdrunk喝shineshinedshined照耀

drivedrovedriven驾驶shineshoneshone照耀

eatateeaten吃showshowedshowed给…看

fallfellfallen落下showshowedshown给…看

feedfedfed喂singsangsung唱

feelfeltfelt感到sitsatsat坐

fightfoughtfought打架sleepsleptslept睡

findfoundfound发现smellsmelledsmelled闻

flyflewflown飞smellsmeltsmelt闻

forbidforbadeforbidden禁止speakspokespoken说

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forgetforgotforgotten忘记spellspelledspelled拼写

freezefrozefrozen冻spellspeltspelt拼写

getgotgot得到spendspentspent花费

givegavegiven给standstoodstood站

gowentgone走sweepsweptswept扫

growgrewgrown生长swimswamswum游泳

hanghangedhanged吊死taketooktaken拿

hanghunghung挂teachtaughttaught教

havehadhad有,吃telltoldtold告诉

hearheardheard听见thinkthoughtthought思考

hidehidhid躲藏wakewakedwaked醒

hidehidhidden躲藏wakewokewoken醒

hithithit撞,击wearworeworn穿

holdheldheld拥有willwould∕会

hurthurthurt

使…伤

痛

winwonwon赢

keepkeptkept保持writewrotewritten写

knowknewknown知道