一般现在时中的第三人称单数形式之南宫帮珍创作
在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三
人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。
(一)什么是一般现在时?一般现在时的基本用法有哪些呢?【一
般现在时的功能】
1.暗示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:Theskyisblue.天空是
蓝色的。
2.暗示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixevery
day.我每天六点起床。
3.暗示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthe
sun.地球绕着太阳转。
(二)哪些主语是第三人称单数?现归纳总结如下:
一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。如:
HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视。
hehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。
Itlookslikeacat.它看起来像只猫。
标记词(时间状语):always,everyweek(day,year,month…),
onceaweek,every…,sometimes,at…,onSundayuauslly
often,never,hardly..........
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如:
①HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
②BeijingisinChina.北京在中国。
③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时,
是第三人称单数。如:
①Ahorisaufulanimal.马是有用的动物。
②Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的。
③Thatcarisred.那辆小汽车是红色的。
④ThecatisLucy's.这只猫是露茜的。
四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something
等及指示代词this,
that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①Everyoneishere.大家到齐了。
②Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.这块手表有毛
病。
③Thisisapen.这是一支钢笔。
④Thatisanerar.那是一块橡皮擦。
五、不成数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:
①Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。
②Thebreadisverysmall.那面包很小。
六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如:
①"6"isaluckynumber."6"是个吉利数字。
②"I"isaletter."I"是个字母。
除上述规律外,还应注意下面三点:
1.动词have,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用has;动词
be的第三人称单数形式是is。2.含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子
变否定句时,要用doesn't+动词原形,如:Hegoestoschool
atsixinthemorning.(变否定句)→Hedoesn'tgotoschool
atsixinthemorning.
3.对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时,要用助动词does,
如:Shegoeshomeatfiveeveryday.(对划线部分提问)→When
/Whattimedoesshegohomeeveryday?
(三)含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句和疑问时怎样变?
【注意:】只要句子中出现do,does,don’t,doesn’t,句子中原来
的实意动词要用原形
例如:Helikesapples.(改成否定句)
Hedoesn’tlikesapples。(错)
Hedoesn’tlikeapples。(对)
A否定句:(1)当主语是第一,二或复数时,主语+don't+动词原
形(+其它)。如:
Idon'tlikebread.
(2)当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。
如:
Hedoesn'toftenplay.
B一般疑问句:(1)当主语是第一,二或复数时,Do+主语+动词原
形+其它。如:
Doyouoftenplayfootball?
-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.
(2)当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:
-Doesshegotoworkbybike?
-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.
C特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:
Howdoesyourfathergotowork?
(四)一般现在时------动词第三人称单数形式构成规则(一般现在时中
主语时第三人称1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”如:
①stop-stopsmake-makesread-readsplay-plays[z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变成“i”,然后在加“es”
读[iz]如:
fly-fliescarry-carriesstudy-studiesworry-
worries
3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为如:
teach-teacheswatch-watches
4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,如:
go-goesdo-does5、以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,
加“s”如:clo-clos[iz]
6、特殊:
○动词包含:am,is,are。第三人称单数用is;过去式为
was;复数用are,过去式为were.
○2.动词have,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用has;动词
be的第三人称单数形式is。
(五)巩固练习题:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式:
sit--guess--
die--
go--
rush--reach--
touch--
brush--
fly--copy--
say--
run--
do--fix--
live--
cry--
enjoy--have--
wish--
play--
Tie--teach--
buy--
study--
drink--go--
stay--
make--
look--carry--
come--
watch--
plant--fly--
do--
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
n________(have)dinnerathome.
andTommy_______(be)inClassOne.
_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.
_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.
5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?
_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?
7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperveryday?
l_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
I________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.
________(be)somewaterinthebottle.
_______(like)cooking.
_______(have)thesamehobby.
_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.
ays_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.
15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.
_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
_______(do)notlikePE.
ldoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.
ndSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.
20.-Whatday_______(be)ittoday?
-It’sSaturday
三、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
brotherspeakEnglish?__________________
likesgoingfishing?__________________
splaygamesafterclass.__________________
hsusEnglish.__________________
’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________
练习题
练习一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink____go_____stay____make____look___have____pass____carry
____come____
watch_____plant_____fly____study____brush___do____teach____m
eet______
bring___
练习二、将括号里动词的适当形式填入横线上。
1.I________inthecorridors.(walk)
_________inthecorridors.(run)
___________herfaceonceaday.(wash)
____________theirteethonceaday.(brush)
___________upyourclothesonceaday.(hang)
____________ourhomeworkonceaday.(finish)
____________rubbishintheclassroom.(throw)
_____________rubbishonthefloor.(throw)
9.I_____________rubbishinthebin.(throw)
___________thetableonceaday.(t)
ever_________inthecorridors.(run)
ually_________thetable.(t)
Ken_________theplantsinthemorning.(water)
__________hishaironceaday.(comb)
eng_________TVathome.(watch)
er__________hisschoolbagonceaday.(pack)
er_________dinnerforme.(cook)
nts_________thehouatChineNewYear.
(clean)
hers_________ussomegifts.(give)
nds_________thetablewithme.(t)
练习三、选择正确的单词填到括号里。
esCandy__________(wants,want)tobe?
ldn’t___________(throw,throws)rubbishonthe
floor.
___________(help,helps)hismotherathome.
er_________(run,runs)inthecorridors.
ld__________(walks,walk)inthecorridors.
_________(don’t,doesn’t)getupearly.
en__________(do,does)yourfathergotobed?
_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.
_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.
10.______they________(like)theWorldCup?
_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?
12._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperveryday?
l_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
I________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.
_______(be)somewaterinthebottle.
_______(like)cooking.
_______(have)thesamehobby.
_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.
ays_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.
20.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.
_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
_______(do)notlikePE.
ldoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.
ndSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.
________TVeveryevening.(watch)
________likehisfather.(look)
n________(have)dinnerathome.
练习四、将下列句子改成第三人称He的句型(看例句)
例句:Ibrushmyteethonceaday.----改:Hebrusheshis
teethonceaday.
yhairtwiceaday.
______________________________________
toschoolatsixinthemorning.
______________________________________
hyourfaceandputonyourclothes.
_____________________________________
yougetup?
_____________________________________
endoyouhangupyourclothes?
____________________________________
练习五、句型转换
choolbybus.(用He做主
语)___________________________________
ysbaballverywell.(变一般疑问
句)____________________________
yssportveryday.(变否定
句)__________________________________
oesn’tlikeFrench.(变肯定句)
________________________________
kewatches.(变否定
句)__________________________________
esn’twatchTVintheevening.(变肯定句)
_________________________
timetodoit.(变否定
句)__________________________________
sacar.(改成疑问句)
__________________________________
aveapencil?(把主语改成she)
______________________
alllikeshamburgers.(酿成否
定)_________________________
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