gravely

副词(65-68)

(1)副词的种类

a.情状副词(~ly)

Hewashappy.

Helaughedhappily.

形成

.+ly

carefully,actually

.(y)+ily

happy-happily,heavy-heavily

.(e)+ly

true-truly,whole-wholly

注意

extreme-extremely,grave-gravely

.字尾为子音+le>ly

gentle-gently,nsible-nsibly

对比whole-wholly

v.不规则变化

good-well

vi.形容词和副词同形

back,deep,direct,early,enough,far,fast,hard,high,ill,just,

kindly,late,left,little,long,low,much,more,most,near,

pretty,right,short,still,straight,well,wrong

Iamnogay,Iamstraight.异性恋

comebacksoon

thebackdoor

YoucandialLondondirect.

thedirectraysofthesun

anill-maderoad豆腐渣工程

Youlookill.

Turnrighthere.右

therightanswer

Shewentstraighthome.

astraightline.

重点

有些形容词+ly>副词,其意思改变

如:warmly,hotly,coolly,coldly

comeduswarmly/inafriendlyway.热情地

niedtheaccusationhotly/indignantly.愤怒地

vedcoolly/calmlyinthisdangeroussituation.冷静

dathimcoldly/inanunfriendlyway.冷漠

重点

特别注意的副词

ysworkshard.

Ihardlyknowhim.

neartome.

Myhomeworkisnearlyfinished.

homeverylatelastnight.

Hehasbeentryingtoloweightlately.

ctureinterestedmemost.

ShemostlygoesshoppingonSunday.大概

位置

cedbeautifully.

Shebeautifullydanced.

myadvicehappily.

Hehappilytookmyadvice.

Took是及物动词

efullypickedupallthebitsofbrokenglass.

Shepickedupallthebitsofbrokenglasscarefully.受词太长

edatmesuspiciously.

Helookedsuspiciouslyatme.

Hesuspiciouslylookedatme

Look是不及物动词

edsuspiciouslyateveryonewhogotofftheplane.

Hesuspiciouslylookedateveryonewhogotofftheplane.

Helookedateveryonewhogotofftheplanesuspiciously.

eredthequestionsfoolishly.答案很愚蠢

Hefoolishlyansweredthequestions.他很愚蠢

wwellthatthegirlcan’tdrive.你清楚地知道

Youknowthatthegirlcan’tdrivewell.她开得不好

rneedsacoatofpaintbadly.非常需要

Thedoorbadlyneedsacoatofpaint.非常需要

acoatofpaint一层油漆

need/wantbadly非常需要

b.频率副词

,usually,often,sometimes,ever

,ldom,hardlyever/scarcelyever,rarely

,twice,continually,frequently,occasionally,repeatedly,

periodically

位置

beV和aux.后

一般动词前

ntsarealwaysintimeformeals.定时用餐

imesstay/situpallnight.

SometimesIstay/situpallnight.

Istay/situpallnightsometimes.

sometimes可放句中,句首,句尾

everforgetwhatyousaid.

NeverwillIforgetwhatyousaid.

有否定意义的词置于句首倒装

sdoarriveontime.

do表强调时,always放do前,因为doarrive是一组

5.--Canyouparkyourcarinfrontofthestore?

--Yes,Iusuallycan.

简答句时adv.置于beV和aux.前

shouldgoonadiet,butIneverdo.

简述句时adv.置于beV和aux.前

c.程度副词(加强.的程度)

absolutely,almost,barely,completely,enough,entirely,extremely,

fairly,far,hardly,just,much,only,quite,rather,really,scarcely,

so,too,very

位置

beV和aux.后

一般动词前

ldingwascompletelydestroyedbyfire.

destroyed,p.p有形容词特性

’squiteextraordinary;Ican’tunderstanditatall.

rdlybelieveit.

hardly,only,just这些adv.强调动词的程度

gnhere.强调[签名]

Sighjusthere.强调[这里]

nlythecar.

Heonlylentthecar.

Helentthecartomeonly.只借我

Ibelieveonlyhalfofwhathesaid.

d.地方副词

away,everywhere,here,nowhere,somewhere,there,downstairs,

upstairs,home,aborad

erisupstairs.

saboard.

位置

一般置于句尾

简单副词here,there,away,down,in,of,out,over,round,up等常见于

句首

倒装

mesthetrain.

Hereitcomes.注意代名词的位置

ndroundflewtheplane.

Roundandrounditflew.

oorwaystoodamanwithagun.

asamanwithagunstandinginthedoorway.

>Standinginthedoorwaywasamanwithagun.

e.时间副词

today,tomorrow,yesterday,now,lately,recently,soon,then,

afterwards,beforehand,eventually,immediately,atonce,sincethen

vedhappilyafterwards.

ivinginHongKongnow.

SheisnowlivinginHongKong.

’tfeellikeeatingoutyesterday;todayI’dloveto.

强调时间,置于句首

f.修饰句子的副词

frankly,actually,apparently,evidently,obviously,probably,

undoubtedly,possibly,surely,certainly,definitely,luckily,

fortunately,unfortunately,naturally

unately,hewasdissatisfiedwiththeresult.常见

Hewasunfortunatelydissatisfiedwiththeresult.

Hewasdissatisfiedwiththeresult,unfortunately.常见

tly,sareswollen.

注意

ly,idn’tgetthemoney.老实说

idn’不诚实

(2)副词的顺序

a.时间副词或地方副词:小单位+大单位

edatahotelbythea.

matthreeo’clockyesterday.

b.时间地点同时出现,地点+时间

muchfunatherpartylastnight.

rnedhomesafelyyesterday.

(3)特别注意的副词

/much

修饰

形容词原级,副词原级

现在分词

eryangrywithme.

iesEnglishverywell.

veryexcitinggame.

修饰

形容词比较级,最高级

副词比较级,最高级

一般动词

过去分词

chtallerthanI.

chthetallestboyinourclass.注意,在the前

Heistheverytallestboyinourclass.

edthemovie(very)much.

ragewasmuchadmiredbyeveryone.

注意

形容词化的过去分词用very修饰

如tried,plead,surprid,satisfied,excited,delighted

Iwasverysurpridatthenews.

AandBareverydifferent.

AandBaremuchthesame.

y/yet

already肯定句

yet否定句,疑问句

inhasalreadystarted.

Thetrainhasstartedalready.

ureadtoday’spaperyet?

No,notyet.

注意

Already若用于疑问句,则用惊讶之意

Haveyouhadlunchalready?你已经吃过午饭啦

/before

时间+ago过去式

时间+before过去完成时

leftfiveminutesago.

methatthebushadleftfiveminutesbefore.

注意

Before若单独存在,可用现在完成时,过去式,过去完成时

Ago不可单独存在

Isaw/haveenhimbefore.

/either

too肯定句,疑问句

either否定句

om,andmybrotherknowshim,too.

2.I’mnottired,andJaneisn’ttired,either.

,一般动词前,beV之后

IknowTom,andmybrotheralsoknowshim.

/neither

+S+V正是如此

YousayHelenisagoodswimmer,andsosheis.

is重读

+V+S也如此

Nancycanplaytheviolin,andsocanI.

I重读

r+V+S

--Maryisnotkind.

--NeitherisHelen./Helenisn’teither.

--Idon’twanttogo.

--NeitherdoI./Idon’t,either.