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cranberry sauce

更新时间:2023-02-02 10:18:55 阅读: 评论:0

高中考试做题技巧-波速公式


2023年2月2日发(作者:melody 陶喆)

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1.常见的用料

鸡chicken鸭duck鹅goo

鱼类fish肉类meat猪肉pork

牛肉beef小牛肉veal羊肉mutton

小羊肉lamb牛尾oxtail里脊fillet

排骨spareribs腰子kidney肚子tripe

肝liver舌tongue内脏offal

蹄子trotter胗gizzard鸡什giblets

鹿肉venison鸡脯chickenbreast

甲鱼turtle海味afood

虾shrimp干贝scallop

螃蟹crab鱿鱼squid

海蛰jellyfish黄鳝finlesel

海螺whelk野味game

兔rabbit鸽pigeon

鹌鹑quailxxlobster

牡蛎oysterxxsnail

田鸡frog蛇snake腌肉bacon

香肠sausage火腿ham

xxbear’spaw

鱼翅shark’sfin燕窝bird’snest

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2.煮前的准备工作

去骨boning

例如,去骨鸭掌

打鳞scaling

例如,去鳞鱼scaledfish

剥/去皮skinning

例如,去皮田鸡skinnedfrogs

脱壳shelling

例如,虾仁shelledshrimps

腌制pickling

例如,咸酸菜pickledvegetables

3.常用刀法及用料形状(1)常用刀法

切片slice切丝shred

切丁dice切柳fillet切碎mince

捣烂mash酿入stuff(2)常用用料形状

肉/鱼片slicedmeat/fish或meat/fishslices

肉丝shreddedmeat或porkshreds

肉/鸡丁dicedpork/chicken或meat/chickencubes

肉末mincedmeat

肉丸meatballs

肉馅meatfilling

3/18

4.中餐菜单翻译法

(1)直译法。英译时把对应的制作方法译出来,再以该菜的主要原料为中

心词。

如:

炖牛肉StewedBeef

(2)直译加注法。英译时直接按中文菜名译出其意,然后再补充说明其内

在含义。

如:

狮子头Lion’sHead——PorkMeatBalls

1)原料+with+作料。以原料为中心词,有时捎带把烹调法也译出,再加

上用介词with或in与作料构成的短语即可。如:

海米白菜ChineCabbagewithDriedShrimps

鱼香肉丝ShreddedPorkwithGarlicSauce

2)作料+原料。即把作料用作修饰语,放在中心词原料的前面。如:

咖喱牛肉CurryBeef古老肉Sweet&SourPork

3)以“实”对“虚”法。即舍去中菜名里的喻义,夸张等说法而用平直,明白

的英语译出。如:

发财好市BlackMossCookedwithOysters

彩凤喜迎春BakedChickenandFriedQuailEggs

蚂蚁上树VermicelliwithSpicyMincedPork

龙虎凤大烩ThickSoupofSnake,CatandChicken

4/18

4)“移花接木”法。借用西方人熟悉并了解的欧洲菜名或主食名来译部分中

菜名与少数主食,因为它们之间有许多相似之处。译文地道,通俗易懂,能收

到事半功倍的效果。如:

烤排骨BarbecuedSpareRibs

饺子Chine-styleRavioli略有馅的水饺

5)音译加释义法。先按中文用拼音译出,然后再加以解释性的英译,使

英译文保留点“中国味”。

如:

包子Baozi——StuffedBun

馒头Mantou——SteamedBread

6)“随机应变”法:

原料+地名+Style。应用此法可以灵活地处理一些难以对付的地方风味特色

菜名。英译出原料名后,再稍加“点拨”就可以大功告成。如:

广东龙虾LobsterCantoneStyle

麻婆豆腐BeanCurdSichuanStyle

5.中餐常见的烹调方法

中菜的烹调方法至少有50多种,但大体不离:

煮(boiling),煲/炖(stewing),

烧/焖/烩(braising),煎(frying),

炒(stir-frying),爆(quick-frying),

炸(deep-frying),

扒(fryingandsimmering),

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煸(sautéing),煨(simmering),

熏(smoking),烤(roasting/barbecuing),

烘(baking),蒸(steaming),白灼(scalding)等基本方法。

煮boiled.如“煮咸牛肉”(BoiledCornedBeef)煲/炖

stewed.如“清炖牛尾”(StewedOxTailinClearSoup)

烧braid.如“红烧牛蹄”(BraidOxTrottersinBrownSauce)

煎(pan-)fried.如“煎明虾”(FriedPrawns)炒stir-fried如“炒鸡丁”

(Stir-FriedChickenDices)爆quick-fried.如“葱爆羊肉”(Quick-friedlambwith

ScallioninGingerSauce)炸deep-fried.如“炸大虾”(Deep-friedprawns)

扒friedandsimmered.如“虾子扒海参”

(FriedandSimmeredSeaCucumberwithShrimpsRoe)

煸sautéed.如“干煸鳝鱼”(SautéedEelSlices)

煨simmered.如“煨牛肉”(SimmeredBeef)

焖braid如“黄酒焖猪排”(Braidporkchopsinricewine)

烩braid如“烩鸡丝”(Braidchickenshredswithpeas)

熏smoked如“熏鱼”(SmokedFish)

烘baked如“烘鸽”(BakedPigeon)

蒸steamed如“蒸鲜鱼”(SteamedFreshFish)

酱/醋marinated如“酱鸡”(MarinatedChicken)

卤spicy;stewedingravy如“卤鸭”(SpicyDuck)

清蒸steamed(inclearsoup)如“清蒸桂鱼”(SteamedMandarinFish)

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清炖stewedinclearsoup如“清炖甲鱼”(StewedTurtleinClearSoup)

香酥crispfried如“香酥鸡”(CrispFriedChicken)

焦熘friedinsauce如“焦熘鱼片”(FriedFishSlicesinSauce)

甜酸sweetandsour如“甜酸肉”(Sweet&SourPork)

胡辣withpepperandchili如“胡辣海参”(SeaSlugwithPepperandChili)油

淋drip-friedwithoil如“油淋兔”(Drip-FriedRabbitwithoil)

涮instant-boiled如“涮羊肉”(Instant-BoiledMuttonSlices)

酿stuffed如“酿青椒”(StuffedGreenPepper)

烤roast;barbecued如“烤鹅”(RoastGoo)

白灼/微煮scalded如“白灼海虾”(ScaldedPrawns)

红烧braidinbrownsauce如“红烧蹄筋”(BraidPorkTendoninBrownSauce)

干烧inpeppersauce如“干烧干贝”(ScallopinPepperSauce)

麻辣withhotpepper如“麻辣豆腐”(BeanCurdwithHotPepper/SpiceBean

Curd)酱爆inbeansauce如“酱爆肉丁”(DicedPorkinBeanSauce)

鱼香in(spicy)garlicsauce如“鱼香肉丝”(ShreddedPorkinGarlicSauce)糖

醋withsweetandsoursauce如“糖醋排骨”(SpareribswithSweetandSour

Sauce)宫保withchiliandpeanuts如“宫保鸡丁”(DicedChickenwithChiliand

Peanuts)脆皮crisp(inspicysauce)如“脆皮鱼”(CrispFish)干煸

dry-sautéed如“干煸季豆”(Dry-sautéedStringBeans)

盐水boiledinsaltwater如“盐水虾”(BoiledShrimpsinSaltWater)

家常homestyle如“家常豆腐”(BeanCurdHomeStyle)

陈皮withspicyorangepeel如“陈皮鸡”(ChickeninSpicyOrangePeel)回锅

double-sautéed如“回锅肉”(Double-sautéedPorkSlices)

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五香spiced如“五香牛肉”(SpicedBeef)

干炸drydeep-fried如“干炸羊肉”(DryDeep-friedLambBreast)

软炸softdeep-fried如“软炸里脊”(Soft-friedPorkFillet)

酥炸crispdeep-fried如“酥炸羊脯”(CrispFriedLambBreast)

砂锅incasrole如“砂锅鱼翅”(Shark’sFininCasrole)

锅巴withsizzling/crispyricecrust如“锅巴海参”

(SeaSlugwithSizzling/CrispyRiceCrust)

芙蓉witheggwhite如“芙蓉海参”(SeaCucumberswithEggwhite)

麻酱withsamepaste如“麻酱海参”(Beche-de-merwithSesamePaste)

三鲜withtwootherdelicacies如“三鲜海参”

(SeaCucumberswithOtherTwoDelicacies)

醋溜indistilledgrainssauce如“醋溜鸡片”

(SlicedChickeninDistilledGrainsSauce)

串烤skewered如“串烤羊肉青椒”(SkeweredMuttonwithGreenPepper)

铁扒grilled如“铁扒乳鸽”(GrilledBabyPigeon)

烧烤roast如“烤乳猪”(RoastSucklingPig)

凉拌insoysauce如“凉拌海蛰”(Jellyfishin

SoySauce)

酸辣hotandsour如“酸辣黄瓜”(HotandSourCucumber)

姜汁ingingersauce如“姜汁扁豆”(SnapBeansinGingerSauce)

蚝油inoystersauce如“蚝油香菇”(MushroomsinOysterSauce)

蒜泥withmashedgarlic如“蒜泥胡豆”(BroadBeanswithMashedGarlic)什

锦mixed;assorted如“什锦丝冬粉”(AssortedShredswithVermicelli)

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茄汁intomatosauce如“茄汁鸡脯”(ChickenBreastinTomatoSauce)咖喱

withcurry如“咖喱牛肉”(FriedBeefwithyCurry)

八宝(stuffed)witheightdelicacies如“八宝鸡”

(ChickenStuffedwithEightDelicacies)

葱爆quick-friedwithscallioningersauce如“葱爆羊肉”(Quick-friedLambwith

ScallioninGingerSauce)

粉蒸steamedinriceflour如“粉蒸牛肉”(SteamedBeefinRiceFlour)奶油in

creamsauce如“奶油鱼肚”(FriedFishMawinCreamSauce)

木犀withscrambledeggsandfungus如“木犀肉”(FriedPorkwithScrambled

EggsandFungus)

醉liquor-prerved如“醉蟹”(Liquor-prervedCrabs)

辣味inchilisauce如“辣味烩虾”(BraidPrawnsinRiceWine)

豆豉inblackbeansauce如“豆豉桂鱼”(MandarinFishinBlackBeanSauce)

黄焖braidinricewine如“黄焖大虾”(BraidPrawnsinRiceWine)

椒盐withpepperandsalt如“椒盐排骨”(SpareRibswithPepperandSalt)

怪味multi-flavored如“怪味鸡”(Multi-flavoredChicken)

xx小吃英文表达

中式早點

烧饼Clayovenrolls

油条Friedbreadstick

韭菜盒Friedleekdumplings

水饺Boileddumplings

蒸饺Steameddumplings

9/18

馒头Steamedbuns

割包Steamedsandwich

饭团Riceandvegetableroll

蛋饼Eggcakes

皮蛋100-yearegg

咸鸭蛋Saltedduckegg

豆浆Soybeanmilk

饭类

稀饭Riceporridge

白饭Plainwhiterice

油饭Glutinousoilrice

糯米饭Glutinousrice

卤肉饭Braidporkrice

蛋炒饭Friedricewithegg

地瓜粥Sweetpotatocongee

面类

馄饨面Wontonnoodles

刀削面Slicednoodles

麻辣面Spicyhotnoodles

麻酱面Sesamepastenoodles

鴨肉面Duckwithnoodles

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鱔魚面Eelnoodles

xx面Seafoodnoodles

榨菜肉丝面Pork,pickledmustardgreennoodles

牡蛎细面Oysterthinnoodles

板条Flatnoodles

xxRicenoodles

炒米粉Friedricenoodles

冬粉Greenbeannoodle

汤类

xxFishballsoup

xxMeatballsoup

蛋花汤Eggvegetablesoup

蛤蜊汤Clamssoup

牡蛎xxOystersoup

xxSeaweedsoup

酸辣汤Sweetsoursoup

馄饨xxWontonsoup

猪肠汤Porkintestinesoup

肉羹汤Porkthicksoup

鱿鱼xxSquidsoup

花枝羹Squidthicksoup

11/18

甜点

爱玉Vegetariangelatin

糖葫芦Tomatoesonsticks

长寿桃LongevityPeaches

芝麻球Glutinousricesameballs

麻花Hempflowers

双胞胎Horhooves

冰类

绵绵冰Meinmeinice

麦角冰Oatmealice

地瓜冰Sweetpotatoice

紅豆牛奶冰Redbeanwithmilkice

八宝冰Eighttreasuresice

豆花Tofupudding

果汁

甘蔗汁Sugarcanejuice

酸梅汁Plumjuice

xxStarfruitjuice

青草茶Herbjuice

点心

牡蛎煎Oysteromelet

12/18

臭豆腐Stinkytofu(Smellytofu)

油豆腐Oilybeancurd

麻辣豆腐Spicyhotbeancurd

虾片Prawncracker

虾球Shrimpballs

春卷Springrolls

蛋卷Chickenrolls

碗糕Saltyricepudding

筒仔米糕Ricetubepudding

红豆糕Redbeancake

绿豆糕Beanpastecake

糯米糕Glutinousricecakes

萝卜糕Friedwhiteradishpatty

芋头糕Tarocake

肉圆TaiwaneMeatballs

水晶饺Pyramiddumplings

肉丸Rice-meatdumplings

豆干Driedtofu

其他

当归鸭Angelicaduck

槟榔Betelnut

13/18

火锅Hotpot

西餐(WesternFood)

头盘及xx类

腌熏三文鱼SmokedSalmon腌三文鱼MarinatedSalmonwithLemonand

Capers

凯撒沙拉CaesarSalad鲜蘑鸡肝批ChickenLiverTerrinewithMorels

奶酪瓤蟹盖BakedStuffedCrabShell鲜果海鲜沙拉SeafoodSaladwith

FreshFruit厨师沙拉Chef'sSalad金枪鱼沙拉TunaFishSalad尼斯沙拉Salad

Nicoi汤类

奶油蘑菇汤CreamofMushroomSoup奶油胡萝卜汤CreamofCarrotSoup

奶油芦笋汤CreamofAsparagusSoup番茄浓汤TraditionalTomatoSoup海鲜周

打汤SeafoodChowder法式洋葱汤FrenchOnionSoup

牛肉清汤BeefConsommé匈牙利浓汤HungarianBeefGoulash

香浓牛尾汤OxtailSoup意大利蔬菜汤MinestroneSoup蔬菜干豆汤

HeartyLentilSoup

牛油梨冻汤ChilledAvocadoSoup西班牙番茄冻汤Gazpacho

禽类

红酒鹅肝BraidGooLiverinRedWine奶酪火腿鸡排ChickenCordonBleu

烧瓤春鸡卷GrilledStuffedChickenRolls红酒烩鸡BraidChickenwithRedWine

烤鸡胸酿奶酪蘑菇馅BakedChickenBreastStuffedwithMushroomsandChee炸

培根鸡肉卷Deep-FriedChickenandBaconRolls

水波鸡胸配意式香醋汁PoachedChickenBreastwithBalsamicSauce

烤火鸡配红浆果少司RoastTurkeywithCranberrySauce烤瓤火鸡

RoastStuffedTurkey

14/18

烧烤鸡腿BarbecuedChickenLeg

烤柠檬鸡腿配炸薯条RoastedLemonMarinadeChickenLegwithFrenchFries

扒鸡胸Char-GrilledChickenBreast咖喱鸡ChickenCurry

秘制鸭胸配黑菌炒土豆Pan-friedDuckBreastwithSautéedPotatoesand

Truffles牛肉类

红烩牛肉StewedBeef白烩小牛肉FricasedVeal

牛里脊扒配黑椒少司GrilledBeefTenderloinwithBlackPepperSauce

扒肉眼牛排GrilledBeefRib-EyeSteak

西冷牛排配红酒少司RoastBeefSirloinSteakwithRedWine

SauceT骨牛扒T-BoneSteak烤牛肉RoastBeef

罗西尼牛柳配苯酒汁

BeefTenderloinandGooLiverwithTruffleandPortWineSauce

青椒汁牛柳BeefTenderloinSteakwithGreenPeppercornSauce

铁板西冷牛扒SizzlingSirloinSteak

香煎奥斯卡仔牛排Pan-friedVealSteakOscarwithHollandaiSauce

咖喱牛肉BeefCurry威灵顿牛柳FilletSteakWellington

俄式牛柳丝BeefStroganoff烩牛舌BraidOx-Tongue红烩牛膝OssoBucco

黑胡椒鹿柳配野蘑菇和芹菜烤面皮

VenisonFilletBlackPepperCoatwithWildMushroomandCeleryBrick

猪肉类

烧烤排骨BarbecuedSpareRibs烟熏蜜汁肋排SmokedSpareRibswithHoney

意大利米兰猪排PorkPiccatta瓤馅猪肉卷配黄桃汁StuffedPokeRouladeWithYellow

PeachSauce煎面包肠香草汁Pan-friedSwissMeatLoafwithPestoSauce炸猪排

Deep-FriedPorkChop

15/18

羊肉类

扒羊排GrilledLambChop扒新西兰羊排GrilledNewZealandLambChop烤羊

排配奶酪和红酒汁RoastLambChopwithCheeandRedWineSauce羊肉串Lamb

Kebabs烤羊腿RoastedMuttonLeg

鱼和海鲜类

海鲜串SeafoodKebabs扒金枪鱼GrilledTunaSteak

扒挪威三文鱼排GrilledNorwegianSalmonFillet

三文鱼扒配青柠黄油GrilledSalmonwithLimeButter

比目鱼柳和扇贝配红酒核桃汁BraidSolefillet&SeaScallopswith

RedWineandWalnuts

煎比目鱼Pan-friedWholeSole

烤三文鱼柳配香草汁和黑橄榄酱RoastedSalmonFilletWithPestoBlackOlive

Purée烤三文鱼排意大利宽面和藏红花汁RoastedSalmonSteakWithTagliatelle&

SaffronSauce煎红加吉鱼排GrilledRedSnapperFillet

黄油柠檬汁扒鱼柳GrilledFishFilletinLemonButterSauce

扒大虾GrillekingPrawns蒜茸大虾GrilledKingPrawnswithGarlicHerbButter

巴黎黄油烤龙虾BakedLobsterwithGarlicButter

奶酪汁龙虾GratinatedLobsterinMornaySauce

香炸西班牙鱿鱼圈Deep-FriedSquidRings

荷兰汁青口贝GratinatedMuslsHollandaiSauce

蛋类

火腿煎蛋FriedEggswithHam洛林乳蛋饼QuicheLorraine熘糊蛋

ScrambledEggs

16/18

面、粉及配菜类

海鲜通心粉MacaroniwithSeafood海鲜意粉SpaghettiwithSeafood

意大利奶酪千层饼CheeLasagna什莱奶酪比萨饼PizzaVegetarian

海鲜比萨SeafoodPizza烤牛肉蘑菇比萨RoastBeefandMushroomPizza肉酱

意大利粉SpaghettiBolognai

意大利奶酪馄饨CheeRavioliinHerbedCreamSauce

咖喱海鲜炒饭Stir-FriedSeafoodRicewithCurry

红花饭SaffronRice阿拉伯蔬菜黄米饭CouscouswithVegetables西班牙海鲜饭

Paella

牛肉汉堡包BeefBurger鸡肉汉堡包ChickenBurger美式热狗AmericanHot

Dog俱乐部三文治ClubSandwich金枪鱼三文治TunaFishSandwich

烤牛肉三文治RoastedBeefSandwich健康三文治HealthySandwich

烟熏三文鱼SmokedSalmon土豆泥MashedPotatoes

里昂那土豆LyonnaiPotatoes公爵夫人土豆DuchesPotatoes

烩红椰菜BraidRedCabbagewithApple

甜品

西点类

黑森林蛋糕BlackForestCake英式水果蛋糕EnglishFruitCake

草莓奶酪蛋糕StrawberryCheeCake

草莓蛋糕StrawberryCake蓝莓奶酪蛋糕BlueberryCheeCake

美式奶酪蛋糕AmericanCheeCake

绿茶奶酪蛋糕GreenTeaCheeCake意大利提拉米苏ItalianTiramisu

17/18

大理石奶酪蛋糕MarbleCheeCake咖啡奶酪蛋糕CoffeeCheeCake红莓

松糕CranberryMuffin干果派MixedNutsPie蓝莓松糕BlueberryMuffin琳泽蛋糕

LinzerCake芒果木司蛋糕MangoMousCake

草莓酥条StrawberryNapoleonSliced巧克力榛子蛋糕ChocolateHazelnut

Cake巧克力木司ChocolateMous水果脆皮酥盒PuffPastrywithFruits

维也纳巧克力蛋糕SacherCake热情果木司PassionMous

杏仁多纳圈AlmondDonuts牛奶巧克力多纳圈MilkChocolateDonuts

鲜水果配沙巴洋FruitwithSabayon水果蛋挞FreshFruitTart

白巧克力奶油布丁WhiteChocolateBrulee绿茶布丁GreenTeaPudding

芒果布丁MangoPudding热枣布丁WarmStickyDatePudding香草布丁

VanillaPudding

焦糖布丁CreamCaramel/CaramelCustard果仁布朗尼WalnutBrownies咖啡

剧本蛋糕CoffeeOperaSlice

饼干及其它

手指饼LadyFinger蝴蝶酥ButterflyCracker巧克力曲奇ChocolateCookies爆

米花(甜/咸)Popcorn(Sweet/Salt)香草冰淇淋VanillaIceCream

巧克力冰淇淋ChocolateIceCream草莓冰淇淋StrawberryIceCream

绿茶冰淇淋GreenTeaIceCream冰霜Sherbets

冰糖莲子银耳羹CandiedLotusSeed&WhiteFungusSoup

草莓奶昔StrawberryMilkShake

面包类

水果丹麦FruitDanish牛角包Croissant袋子包PitaBreadPlain

农夫包FarmerBread洋葱包OnionLoaf全麦包WholeWheatBread

18/18

软包SoftRoll硬包HardRoll长法棍FrenchBaguette吐司面包Toast

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