《新概念英语》
第三册
课
文
详
解
及
课
后
答
案
目录
§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮...........................................................................................................1
§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一.........................................................................................................5
§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess无名女神..........................................................................................................8
§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德。布洛格斯的双重生活............................................12
§Lesson5Thefacts确切数字............................................................................................................................16
§Lesson6Smash-andgrab砸橱窗抢劫.............................................................................................................19
§Lesson7Mutilatedladies残钞鉴别组.............................................................................................................23
§Lesson8Afamousmonastery著名的修道院..................................................................................................26
§Lesson9Flyingcats飞猫.................................................................................................................................29
§Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克“号的沉没..................................................................................32
§Lesson11Notguilty无罪................................................................................................................................37
§Lesson12Lifeonadertisland荒岛生活.....................................................................................................41
§Lesson13‘It’sonlyme’“是我，别害怕”........................................................................................................44
§Lesson14Anoblegangster贵族歹徒..............................................................................................................48
§Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦................................................................................52
§Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb玛丽有一头小羔羊.....................................................................................56
§Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld世界上最长的吊桥.....................................................59
§Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart现代艺术中的电流........................................................................63
§Lesson19Averydearcat一只贵重的宝贝猫................................................................................................67
§Lesson20Pioneerpilots飞行员的先驱...........................................................................................................70
§Lesson21DanielMendoza丹尼尔·门多萨.....................................................................................................73
§Lesson22Byheart熟记台词...........................................................................................................................75
§Lesson23Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison各有所爱........................................................................79
§Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑”................................................................................................83
§Lesson25TheCuttySark“卡蒂萨克”号帆船..................................................................................................87
§Lesson26Wanted:alargebiscuittin征购大饼干筒.......................................................................................90
§Lesson27Nothingtollandnothingtobuy不卖也不买..............................................................................94
§Lesson28Fivepoundstoodear五镑太贵.......................................................................................................97
§Lesson29Funnyornot?是否可笑？............................................................................................................101
§Lesson30Thedeathofaghost幽灵之死......................................................................................................104
§Lesson31Alovableeccentric可爱的怪人....................................................................................................107
§Lesson32Alostship一艘沉船......................................................................................................................111
§Lesson33Adaytoremember难忘的一天....................................................................................................114
§Lesson34Ahappydiscovery幸运的发现.....................................................................................................118
§Lesson35Justicewasdone伸张正义............................................................................................................123
§Lesson36Achanceinamillion百万分之一的机遇.....................................................................................126
§Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress开往威斯特海温的快车........................................................................129
§Lesson38Thefirstcalender最早的日历.......................................................................................................132
§Lesson39Nothingtoworryabout不必担心.................................................................................................136
§Lesson40Who’swho真假难辨....................................................................................................................140
§Lesson41Illusionsofpastoralpeace宁静田园生活的遐想.........................................................................142
§Lesson43Fullyinsured全保险....................................................................................................................149
§Lesson44Speedandcomfort又快捷又舒适.................................................................................................152
§Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新闻报道的威力......................................................................................160
§Lesson46Doityourlf自己动手.................................................................................................................164
§Lesson47Toohighaprice?代价太高...........................................................................................................169
§Lesson48Thesilentvillage沉默的村庄.......................................................................................................174
§Lesson49Theidealrvant理想的仆人.......................................................................................................176
§Lesson50NewYearresolutions新年的决心................................................................................................178
§Lesson52Mudismud实事求是....................................................................................................................183
§Lesson53Inthepublicinterest为了公众的利益...........................................................................................188
§Lesson54Instinctorcleverness?是本能还是机智.......................................................................................192
§Lesson58Aspotofbother一点儿小麻烦.....................................................................................................197
§Lesson59Collecting收藏..............................................................................................................................199
§Lesson60Tooearlyandtoolate太早和太晚................................................................................................205
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§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆puman.美洲狮
◆spotv.看出，发现
◆evidencen.证据
◆accumulatev.积累，积聚
◆obligev.使…感到必须
◆huntn.追猎；寻找
◆blackberryn.黑莓
◆humanbeing人类
◆cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境
◆trailn.一串，一系列
◆printn.印痕
◆cling(clung,clung)v.粘
◆convincev.使…信服
◆somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因
◆disturbv.令人不安
学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用；学习关键句型结构时则要把它放在
段落结构或文章里
★spotv.看出，发现
pickout/e/recognize/catchsightof
eg:Atallmaniasytospotinthecrowd.
Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。
spot(做动词时候)=e:强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。
find强调发现的结果。
findout查出事实真相。
discover做出重大发现
notice注意到
obrve观察
watch观察活动中的人或画面
spotn.斑点
eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.
onthespot
1,立刻，马上（atonce,immediately）
Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.
2,attheplaceoftheaction在现场
Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.
★evidence[u]n.证据
Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.
evidence=proof
inevidence:显而易见的.
Hewasinevidenceattheparty.
evidentlyadv.
evidentadj.
★accumulatevt,vi.积累，积聚
accumulate强调积累的过程
Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.
gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某处
collect收集，采集
asmble集合，集会，vt.装配
hoard大量地贮存
Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.
hoardup=storeup
amass积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）
★obligev.使…感到必须
feelobligedtodosth.感觉有必要做某事
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beobligedtodosth被迫做某事
★huntn.追猎；寻找
runafter强调追赶、追求.
ek追寻（梦想，理想）=pursue
cha追赶.
huntfor
arch搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物
★cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境
cornern.角落
atthecornerofthestreet
inthecorneroftheroom
onthecornerofthedesk
becornered………被逼得走投无路
常用于被动语态：
Thethiefwascorneredatlast.
Theproblemcorneredme.这个问题把我难例了。
★trailn.一串，一系列
trail==followvt.跟踪
eg:Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.
★cling(clung,clung)v.粘
eg:Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.
Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有，怀有)
stick粘住stickto坚持stickyadj.粘的
★convincevt.使…信服
使sb相信sth
和宾语从句that搭配使用
没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构：beconvinced
sbbeconvicnedsb相信
★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因
bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown
somewhat==alittle
★disturbv.令人不安
disturbingadj.令人不安的disturbed感到不安的
surprising令人吃惊的surprid感到吃惊的
exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的
【课文讲解】
atlarge
1：逃遁的，没有被控制的。
2：详细的(indetail)
3：总体来讲（asawhole）
在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果。写议论文的时候要注意把握观点
eg:Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.
life-like栩栩如生的
一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句
之前
定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。
同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容
定语从句的引导词：
指人：主语who;宾语who/whom;定语who
表达事物：that(也可指人)/which
时间状语：when;地点状语：where;原因状语：why
同位语从句：名词做主语、宾语时，关系词用that而不是which
时间when;地点where
eg:Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.
Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.
定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但它可以引导同位语从句
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(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……
sly==sly认真（严肃）对待某事
y:草率对待某事
as随着
过去分词做定语
声称曾经作过某事：claimtohavedonesth
IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.
confirm:besure,becertain
arch=hunt
把某物留在后面：leavebehind
Whereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.伤员所到之处，都留下道道血迹。
英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实，而中文则善于运用动作的执行者
complainof/about:抱怨
on+名词：强调动作正在进行
ontheri:在上升
ontheincrea:在增加
onthewatch:在观看
onthematch:在比赛中
onthefishingtrip:在钓鱼的途中
onholiday:在度假
fully:completely,entirely
intheposssionofsb==insb'sposssion归某人所有
inposssionofsth.拥有某物
takeposssionof拥有
eg:Thebeautifulcarisinmyposssion/intheposssionofme.
Iaminposssionofthebeautifulcar.
Thepersoninposssionofthebighouixcited.
Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到………就心里不安
eg:ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfeltmyexamination.
熟读并背诵第一自然段
总结：
atlarge
sly
clingto
leavebehind
complainof
intheposssionof/inposssionof
feelobligedtoinvestigate
awomanpickingblackberries
abusinessmanonafishingtrip
goonveralweeks
inthequietcountryside
【Exercis】
tethentencesbyaddingasuitablewordtotheendofeachone:
1Whatareyoulooking?
2Whereisyourmothergoing?
3Whomhastheletterbeennt?
4ThisisthehouIwasborn?
5Whatdoesyourdecisiondepend?
key:1at/for2to3to4in5on
ossible,omitthewordswhomor
which.
1Heisthemanaboutwhomwehaveheardsomuch.
2Theshelfonwhichyouputthobookshascollapd.
3Fromwhomdidyoureceivealetter?
4Thisistheroadbywhichwecame.
5Whereisthepencilwithwhichyouwereplaying?
key:
1Heisthemanwehaveheardsomuch.
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2Theshelfyouputthobookshascollapd.
3whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?
4Thisistheroadwecameby.
5Whereisthepencilyouwereplaying?
注意：3whom不能省略
定语从句中which以及指代人的做宾语的whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略。省略时，介词不能前置到关
系代词whom,which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。
以look为例
lookat:注视
lookfor:寻找介词不能前置
livein:居住介词可以前置
eg:Thisistheoldhouinwhichhelived./Thisistheoldhouhelivedin
【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题P17
ventuallydecidedtoinvestigate.
etheydidnotbelievethatpumaxistedinEngland.
etheywantedapumafortheLondonZoo.
omansawapumainasmallvillage.
epeople’sdescriptionsofthepumahadalotincommon.
要求陈述原因：
1．D
incommon-similar
rticularpieceofevidencepersuadedtheexpertsthatapumahadbeeneninthevillage?
ahadnotattackedthewoman.
anhaddescribedtheanimalshehadenas‘alargecat’.
adcomeveryclotoahumanbeing.
ahadbehavedlikeacat.
A只是一个具体的特定的事例，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意
Blargecat关键性用词
2.B
Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.
stheproblemtheexpertswereunabletosolve?
pumahadmanagedtocoversuchgreatdistanceswithinaday.
pumahadescapedfromazoo.
epumahadbelongedto.
pumahadclimbedatree.
A文章中未提到
3．C
做理解题时要紧扣主题，紧扣中心大意
文章最后一句话总结了大意：
Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.
句型结构题和词汇题是关键
umulatingevidencemadetheexpertstheanimalwasapuma.(lines4-6)
t
,bemadetodo
主动语态中不定式to的符号应该省略
被动语态中不定式to的符号必须补充完整
5Peoplesaidthepuma.(lines5-6)
den
把say改成claim---Peopleclaimedtohaveenthepuma.
5.D---清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系
6,itimmediatelyranaway.(lines8-9)
eingobrved
与原句中的when意思要一致，when引导的时间状语从句表示一
结构形式和assoonas相一致的
如果用主动：Onobrvingher,itimmediatelyranaway.
Oneingme,hewavedtome.
6．B
7Pumasneverattackahumanbeingexceptcornered.(lines9)
eyare
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原句中unles----if…not/exceptontheconditionthat
when=if
except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配，也可以是when/if引导的从句形式。
7．D
8Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalapuma.(lines13-14)
nlyhavebeen
mustbe只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致
8．D
情态动词表达推测的语意概念时，对于过去事实推测一定要用于情态动词have以及过去分词形式进行搭配。
9Thewomansaw‘alargecat’fiveyardsawayfromher.(lines7-8)
nomorethan=only
within=notmorethan
9.C
10Apumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitfeelsitlftobe.(line9)
over
inacorner表示处于困境、尴尬的境地
inatrap表示落于陷阱中
atanangle表示弯曲的、不直的
10．B
11Abusinessmanonafishingtripisprobablysomeonewho.(line13)
islivingasafisherman
fishesforpleasure钓鱼为了游玩
12Aprivatecollectorisamanwhocollects.(lines15-16)
ntothepublic
12．A
onhisown=alone
§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆equalv.等于
◆raiv.募集；筹（款）
◆vicarn.牧师
◆torchlightn.电筒光
★equalv.等于
AequalB
与…相匹敌Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.
eg:MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.
beequalto+n:1.与…相匹敌
2.有能力做某事to-介词
eg:Iamequaltorunningthecompany.
★raiv.募集；筹（款）
raimoney筹款
raiprice提高
raiahor饲养
raiafamily供养
raiwheet种植小麦
raianarmy招募
raiashout发出喊声
★vicarn.牧师
★torchlightn.电筒光
【课文讲解】
现在进行时和always等频度副词的搭配——表示说话人带有的情感色彩
Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.
Tomisalwaysdoeshishomework.
Heisalwaysmakingnois.
oneoranother表示某种、这样或那样
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getenoughmoney筹集足够的资金来做某事
Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhourepaired.
找某人来做某事
havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut
某人所遭受到的意外某种情况-----主语必须是发出动作的人
iswalletstolen.
udto:过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了
Heudtosmokeeveryday.
however用于口语，主要用于句首，作文中，最好用在句中、句尾，要用逗号分隔开来
Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistake,however.
or:Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistake.
Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn’tliketotellyou.
Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn’tliketotellyou.
however可用neverthelessnonetheless替换
start:惊跳、惊奇
Eg:Thevoicemadehimstart.
Whatastartyougiveme.你真吓了我一跳
Hestoodupwithastart.
before…才
Nearlyaweekpastbeforehecouldexplainwhathadhappentohim.
Armedwithatorch…
现在分词和过去分词的用法looking
分词做状语/定语时，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致
Inthetorchlight
非正式用语中whom可以省略掉
recognizedsbas认出某人是
regardsbas,thinkofsbas,treatsbas(把某人对待为),haveonsbas（把某人尊敬为）
whatever:ever用来加强语气
nightafternight一夜连着一夜
dayafterday/yearafteryear/weekafterweek/busafterbus
youcertainlydidgiveme…
did
肯定句中常用do,did,does加强语气和情感色彩，一定要位于动词原形之前。
Eg:Youdolikebeautytoday.
aswell用在句尾相当于too,主要用在肯定句中，但比too所表达的语意更优秀
still用于句首，用逗号分隔开来，表达一个转折的关系。虽然如此，但是
getudto,beudtodo,beaccustomedto,getaccustomedto都表示习惯于
get强调渐进的过程，be强调习惯了的状态
Eg:Weareudtothecoldweatherhere.
Youwillgetudtothecoldweatherhere.你很快会适应这寒冷的天气的。
【Specialdifficulties】P20
In
1．prep表达惊奇，恐惧，失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语的作用
insurpri;inastonishment;inalarm;inembarrassment;inamazement;indespair;indismay;inanger;in
disappointment
2．prep表达以、用:用于语言，书写材料，色彩或声音等方面
inEnglish;inpencil;inink;inafewwords;insuchahighvoice;inoil;inred;incode
3,用于状态、情况或处境
introuble;indifficulty;inbed;inahurry;indebt;inlovewithsb;intears;ingoodorder;ingoodrepair;ingood
health;inporhealth;inthebadmood;inthegoodmood;inhaste;inafavorofexcitement;inpoverty;inluxury
【Exerci】
Uaphrawithininplaceofthewordsinitalics
1Ilefthomeveryquicklysoasnottomissthetrain.
2IsuppoIshallfinishthiventually.
3Intheearlymorningtherewasnotapersontobeen.
4ShallIwritewithapenorwithapencil?
5Theyhaven’tmanyinterestswhichtheyshare.
6Whyisthatlittlegirlcrying?
key:1inahurry2intheend3insight4inink/inpencil5incommon6intears
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【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题
Comprehension理解
1Thechurchclockdidnotworkbecau.
aitwastooexpensivetorepair
bitdisturbedthevicar’ssleep
cBillWilkinsonlyworkedatnight
dthebellhadbeenoutoforderformanyyears
1.D∽wasdamaged
2ThevicarwassurpridtoeBillWilkinsintheclocktowerbecau.
lkinshadbeenhopingtosurprihim
nunusualtimeandplacetofindhim
xpectedtofindafigure
ckhadstruckthirteentimes
2.B
3ThevicarofferedBillWilkinsacupofteabecau.
ghtthatBillWilkinswasthirsty
tohim,theclockwouldnowstrikeonceanhour
ratefulforthetroubleBillwilkinshadtaken
leadtohavebeenwokenupfornothing
为…表示感谢：begratefulfor/bethankfulfor
不辞辛劳地做某事：takethetroubletodosth.
3.C
Structure
4Inthepastthebigclockthehours.(ll3-4)
aysbeenstriking
Inthepast是过去时态的标志；always用在实义动词之前
4.B
5Itwasnotuntilthethirteenthstrokethebellstopped.(l.7)
Itwasnotuntil…that…一直到......才......
Eg:Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped.
5.D
6ThevicaraskedBilldoinginthechurchtower.(l.10)
erwashe
宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序
6．B
7‘Iitallright,butI’mafraid…’(ll15-16)
突出结果或者对现在的影响，现在完成时
7．C
8‘We’llgetudtothat,Bill.’(l.17)
heard
to介词，表示习惯于
8．A
Vocabulary
9Moneywhichiscollectedforacauisknownas.(ll.1-2)
stment
fund基金cash现金scholarship奖学金investment投资
9．B
10Agrocerisamanwho.
speople
runsashop经营商店
10．A
11‘I’vebeencominghereforweeksnow.’(l.11)
lnights
nightafternight=everynight
11.A
12‘.I’mgladthebellisworkingagain.’(l.14)
w
still尽管如此，依旧，仍然=Justthesame
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12．C
It’sraining,stillImustgoout.
still连接性副词，相当于inspiteofthat,eventhough,justthesame
yet但是，然而
Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.
Thispictureisnottoovaluable,stillIlikeit.
§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess无名女神
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆goddessn.女神
◆archaeologistn.考古学家
◆Aegeanadj.爱琴海的
◆explorev.考察，勘探
◆promontoryn.海角
◆prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的
◆civilizationn.文明
◆storeyn.楼层
◆drainagen.排水
◆worshipn.崇拜
◆sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的
◆fragmentn.碎片
◆remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟
◆classicaladj.（希腊罗马）古文化的
◆reconstructv.修复
◆restv.倚放，放置
◆hipn.屁股，臀部
◆full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地长的
◆gracefuladj.优雅的
◆identityn.身份
★goddessn.女神
★archaeologistn.考古学家
★Aegeanadj.爱琴海的
★explorev.考察，勘探
Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.
explorationn.
explorern.探险家
★promontoryn.海角
★prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的
Ourfinanceisprosperous.
thriving昌盛的，兴旺的
booming蓬勃的，景气的
flourishing繁茂的，健康的
★civilizationn.文明
highlevelofcivilization高度文明
civilizev.
★storeyn.楼层
★drainagen.排水
★worshipn.崇拜
respect;admire
Whodoyouworshipinthworld?
warshipn.军舰战船
★sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的
holyadj.神圣的，圣洁的
solemnadj.庄严的，庄重的
sacredmusic圣乐
sacredpromi神圣的诺言
★fragmentn.碎片
9/209
★remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟
★classicaladj.（希腊罗马）古文化的
classicalmusic古典音乐
classicaleducation人文科学教育
classicadj.第一流的
Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.
classicn.杰作，经典之作
★reconstructv.修复
re-重新，再次
construct构造，建造，组织
buildhou造建筑物
putupatent
constructantence
constructabrokenstatuary
erect:buildhighbuildings
erectmonument建造纪念碑
erectclocktower建造钟楼
tup;establish;found建立
Eg:tupstudents’union
establishaschool/rule
foundacountry
constructionn.
constructiveadj.有教育意义的
constructorn.建设者
★restv.倚放，放置
★hipn.屁股，臀部
[口]在服用兴奋剂，宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的
Eg:Haryisarealhip.玛丽真是赶时髦
Theguyisn’tahip.这家伙什么都不懂
joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的
Eg:Thetwoarejoinedatthehip.
shootfromthehip信口开河
Eg:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn’thaveshotfromthehip.
★full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地长的
afull-lengthdress
★gracefuladj.优雅的
agracefullady
elegant(behavier)
★identityn.身份
【课文讲解】
aninterestingdiscovery：强调discovery，体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出
主动语态难以突出重点archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery
英文表达：结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich…
which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple
whichstandsinanancientcityon…
which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.)locate(vt.)
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin…
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliein…
stand表示高高坐落于，矗立于
Eg:Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.
Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，forit…
for引导原因状语从句，对主句的附加说明
becau引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因
Eg:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.
atonetime:表达曾经，一度；过去时态的标志，once
musthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测
10/209
enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度文明
with…
Eg:ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhair
beautifullydecorated过去分词做定语
abeautifullydresdlady衣着漂亮的女士/adertedcarpark废弃的停车场
awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的门
现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为；逻辑主动关系
aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroom
Thecitywavenequippedwith…for…werefound…
beequippedwith配备，装备
Eg:thecarwaquippedwithairconditioning.
for引导原因状语从句
beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreets
h=under正下方
Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.
under:在进行中，undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion讨论之中；underrepairs修理之中
below:在下方，强调斜下方
Eg:Sheissittingbelowthewindow.
Thetemplewhich…
beudas/beudtobe把…用作为
Eg:Theboxwasudasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.
Thewoodenboxwasudasabookca.
Thewoodenboxisudtocontainbooks.
Inthemostsacredroomof…
Eachofthereprented…beenpainted.
reprentvt.代表
Ireprentalltheclassmates.
Thebodyofonestatuewasfound…
dating现在分词，修饰remains
thecustomsdatingfrom1990
datefrom追溯到，从…开始
Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.
Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.
Thecastledatesbacktothecentury.
Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof…
happento强调事情的偶然发生
Eg:Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧开过那种汽车。
Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。
句式：Ithappensthat……
Eg:IthappnesthatImetheronmywaytowork
Ihappenedtomeetheronmywaytowork
happenon巧遇，偶然发现,偶遇
Eg:Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.
Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?
reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,restore
四个形容词:amazed:verymuchsurprid
surprid;astonished;amazed;astounded感到惊讶的，语气递增
astonished:muchsurprid
amazed:verymuchsurprid惊奇
astounded非常惊讶，尺愕，惊奇
tofind…/todiscover…/torealize…
I’mnotsurpridtoeyouhere.
turnout表明结果
turnout(tobe)+n./adj.
Eg:Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccess
theconcertturnedouttobefailure.
Itturnedoutthat…………原来是(表示结果)
that从句，或其他名词从句，it作形式主语
11/209
Eg:Itturnedoutthatthediamondhadbeeninthebankallthetime.
Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfal.
asitturnsout人们后来发现
Eg:Asitturnsout,therewasnotneedtoworry.
Asitturnsout,thereportwasmistaken.人们后来发现,这篇报告被弄错了。
Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonthhips.
reston=dependon,leanon
Hishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder.
whichswepttheground进一步说明拖地的，曳地的
despite/inspiteof+n./动名词
Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.
sofar,uptonow都是完成时的标志
discoverheridentity:findoutheidentity
【Specialdifficulties】
happen(to),ithappenedthat…
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Theinterestingdiscoverymadebythearchaeologistswas.
ecityhadoncebeenprosperous
etemplehadbeenudasaplaceofworship
undthefifteenstatueshadbeenpainted
eywerenotthefirsttohavefoundtheheadofthegoddess
It’smissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.’
1.D
2Thecity‘enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization’.Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat.
thehouswerebuiltonlyonestoreyhigh
numberoffragmentswerefoundinthetemple
yhadbeenbuiltonclay
edtechniqueshadbeenemployedinbuildinganddecorating
Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat引导同位语从句，补充说明fact的内容。
beemployedin:被应用在…方面
‘…Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization．Hous--oftenthree
storeyshigh-werebuiltofstone．Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls．Thecitywavenequipped
withadrainagesystem…’
3Inekingtoestablishtheidentityofthereconstructedstatue,thearchaeologists.
odeterminewhichgoddessitreprented
togetherthefragmentstheyfound
eredthatitwasmoremodernthananyoftheotherstatues
edwhetheritbelongedtothefifthorthefifteenthcentury
indoingsth:在…方面
structure
4Thecityhadonceknown.(ll.4-5)
a,aprosperityb,rity
重点词汇know:知道，认识；经历过，曾经有过（=experience）,这是一个文学用语，比experience更加正式
5ThetempleudasaplaceofworshipsinceRomantimes.(ll.9-10)
since:自从主句的主干时态为现在完成时
6Theyfoundthatthegoddessturnedouttobe…(ll.14-15)
i
totheirsurpri:使某人感到惊讶的是（在句中可做独立的状语，句子的主语不必是某个人）
withsurpri:惊讶地（首先，必须与行为动词连用，其次，句子的主语必须是某个人）
Eg:Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft.
Withsatisfaction/delight/dismay
Hesmokedhiscigarettewithsatisfaction.
Hewenthomewithdismay.
Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.
7beingveryold,shewasverygraceful.(ll.16-17)
ough
despite=inspiteof(可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配)
8Sofar,thearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.(l.17)
12/209
ot
sofar现在完成时的标志
如果用posible/imposible,要采用形式主语it
…ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.
Vocabulary
9Inthemostroomofthetemple…(l.10)
ful
原文中用到了sacred(宗教的，神圣的)
religious宗教的
frightening令人害怕的
colourful丰富多彩的
.(l.13)
condition
state
welldone侧重强调做得好
conrve=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed
“不用尽或耗尽某物，保留“
conrveyourenergyyouneeded
wenustconrveoutforest
maintain:通过修缮保养，不使…破损（强调动作的过程）“维修，保养”
11Thegoddesstobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.(l.15)
d
turnout=prove
12But,thearchaeologistshavebeenunable…(l.17)
distance
sofar=>untilnow,uptillnow
beforehand:(adv.)事先=inadvance
atthisdistance(of/intime)时隔已久
Eg:Icanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftime.
§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德。布洛格斯的双重生活
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆manualadj.体力的
◆collarn.衣领
◆sacrificev.牺牲，献出
◆privilegen.好处
◆dustmann.清洁工
◆corporationn.公司
◆overallsn.工作服
◆showern.淋浴
◆cretn.秘密
◆statusn.地位
★manualadj.体力的
=physical
manualwork:体力工作
mentalwork:脑力工作
★collarn.衣领
white-collar:白领(domentalwork)
blue-collar:蓝领（domanualwork）
(get)hotunderthecollar:怒气冲天
★sacrificev.牺牲，献出
upforgoodpurpo
Eg:sacrificeone’slifeforthecountry
sacrificetime
n.
makemanysacrifices
★privilegen.好处
=advantage
特权（=specialright）
13/209
牺牲掉自己的好处：
sacrificeone’sadvantage/rivilege
特许某人做某事：
ilegeofdoingsth.
privilegedadj.荣幸的
★overallsn.工作服
男工作服；overall女工作服
★cretn.秘密
cret:保密
It’sbetweenyouandme.
I’llkeepittomylf.
confidential:机密的
incret:私下里
=cretly,inprivate,privately
Iwastoldaboutitincret.
inthecret:知道内情
Hewasinthecretfromthebeginning.
★statusn.地位
=socialposition
s-t-a-t-u-s
s-t-a-t-u-e:雕像，塑像
★corporationn.公司
★showern.淋浴
★dustmann.清洁工
【课文讲解】
peoplewhodomanualwork=>blue-collarworkers
peoplewhoworkinoffices/domentalwork=>white-collarworkers
farmoremoney
far--副词，用来强调语气==much
referto…as==regard…as把…看作为
Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm(书呆子).
forthesimplereason=>for引导的原因状语从句
forthereasonthat比becau正式，因此多用于正式文体
humannature人性化
such…that…
that引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明such的基本内涵
Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillneverforgethim.
=>Suchwashiskindness…
Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogetalotofthingsfree.
Such用在句首，要倒装
Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeof
becomingwhite-collarworkers.
介词for表示一种目的
bewillingtodosth.==bereadytodosth.心甘情愿做…
giverito,leadto,cau:引起，惹起=resultin
Suchconductmightgiveritomisunderstandings.
Thebadconditionshavegivenritoalotofcrimes.
inthecaof:至于，就……而言
Eg:Stealingisnoshameinthecaofhim.
incaof:(连)万一，以防
Eg:Youshouldensureyourhouincaoffire.
Who引导定语从句
Tooembarrasdtosay:太尴尬而没有说明
beashamedof
getmarried
marryv.如果强调动作：Hemarriedthegirl…
如果表示状态：getmarried,bemarried
14/209
如果表明和某人已经结婚多长时间了：bemarriedtosb.
Theoldmanhasbeenmarriedtohiswife50years.
Too…to…,太…而不能
simplyadv.用来修饰限定动词told
dresdinasmartblacksuit-----形容词短语表示一种状态
Eg:Hegottoworkdresdinabeautifulcoat.
Helefthomewearingasmartblacksuit.
Changedinto:换上
Beforereturninghome==Beforehereturnedhome
在before引导的时间状语从句中，return的逻辑主语和主句的主语he是保持一致的，所以这个时间状语是由
介词before和动名词搭配而成，相当于before引导的时间状语从句。
如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语。
Aftergettinghome,hehadagoodrest.
Beforehavingdinner,hefinishedallhishomework.
Sheneverwill=shewillneverdiscoverthecret
在省略句式中，never要放在助动词之前。
‘Willyougotoeher?’
‘Iwillnevergotoeher.’/‘No,Ineverwill.’
halfasmuchas(heudto):是…的一半
half(aquarter,twice,threetimes)as…as…表示倍数
Iwon’tmarryamanwhoistwiceasoldasme.
Wegotthreetimesasmanypeopleasweexected.
Thisroomisaboutthreetimesaslargeasthatone.
…as(形容词或副词原形)as…是…几倍
比…多几倍：…times(形容词或副词比较级)
Thisroadisfourtimeslongerthanthatone.=>Thisroadisfivetimesaslongasthatone.
iswellworththelossofmoney
Whatheobtainediswellworththelossoftime
Well副词用来加强语气，修饰形容词worth
【Specialdifficulties】难点
A．英语中的许多动词不能以人作为宾语，只能代某物或某事。如果需要说明是某人就要用介词to.
Eg:Heexplainedthedifficultytome
Hetoldastorytome.=>Hetoldmeastory.
两类词汇：tell可以和双宾语搭配（指物的直接宾语，指人的间接宾语）
explain,say只能带一个（直接）宾语，在间接宾语前要介词to
ShespeaksEnglishtoherhusbandandSwedishtoherchildren.
Headmittedhisguilttothepolice.
Didyousuggestthisideatohim?
当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时，通常放在间接宾语之后，但say除外
Iexplainedtohimtheimpossibilityofgrantinghisrequest.
Heconfesdtomethathehadfallenasleepduringthemeeting.
dj.后面只能跟名词或动名词
Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.
【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题
Comprehension
1WhatdoesthecaofAlfredBloggsillustrate?
opleoftencaremoreaboutthestatusofajobthanthesalary.
‘white-collarworkers’usuallywearasuittogotowork.
nualworkersprefertokeeptheirjobacret.
ficeworkersusuallyearnlessthanmanualworkers.
illustrate:阐明，阐述
根据’…agreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collar
worker’
1.A
2WhatdidAlfredBloggsdoforovertwoyears?
hiswifeheworkedfortheCorporation,wheninfacthedidnot.
uidhimlfasadustman.
doublelife.
15/209
edtwiceasmuchasheudto.
disgui/dis’gaiz/vt.假装，扮作；隐瞒；n.假装；化装服
Doublelife
2.C
3WhydidAlfredBloggsconsiderwearingasuitalldayandbeingcalled‘’soimportant?
jobisworthmorethanhispreviousoneineveryrespect.
nolongerneedashowerbeforereturninghomefromwork.
owtellhiswifeabouthispreviousjobwithoutembarrassment.
sthatotherpeoplewillrespecthimmore.
3.D
‘…hefeelsthathisriinstatusiswellworththelossofmoney.’
Structure
4Theyusuallywearacollarandtie…(l.4)
rtowork
togo可以省略
Theyusuallygotoworkwearingacollarandtie.
4.B
5Alfwasanythingtohiswife.(l.9)
barrasdandsaid
barrasd,rrasdhedidnotsay
‘Alfredwastooembarrasdtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.’
Too…to(不定式to表示否定)
So…that:“如此…以至于”（在that引导的结果状语从句中，如果采用否定式，可以和too…to互换）
Eg:Thewateristoohotforustodrink.=>Thewaterissohotthatwecan’tdrink.
6HetoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation…(ll.9-10)
‘HesimplytoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.’
Simplyadv“仅仅是，再没有别的了”=only,just
无论是simply,only还是just,往往用在主体之前
Ididitsimply/onlyforthemoney.
Idon’imply/onlybecauIhavetogotoworkeachday.
Andnomore---放句尾
inasimpleway:简单的，简朴的
Eg:Shewasalwaysdresdinasimpleway.
7Beforehehomeatnight,hetookashower…(ll.11-12)
turn
如果主、从的主语一致，可用介词和动名词形式搭配。
Before—连接词，引导时间状语从句（一般使用简单时态，不用将来时）
Beforehereturnedhome…
Before引导的从句，常用一般现在时或一般过去时，不用进行时。
8Hiarningswereonlyhalftheamount…(l.14)
reudto
‘halfasmuchasitudtobe’
theamount要用定语从句进行限定
udto:当主句的谓语动词是行为动词时，之后的动词必须省略掉。
Udtobe:当主句的谓语动词是系动词时，之后必须带有系动词be。
Eg:Ifeelthesummersarehotterthantheyudtobe.
Ifeelyouaremuchfatterthanyouudtobe.
8.C
Vocabulary
9Manualworkersoftenreceivemuchhigherthanpeoplewhoworkinoffices.(ll.1-2)
gain获利，赢得（表示通过努力）~time,~reputation,~speed,~height
fee(为专业服务支付的)费用doctor’sfees,thelawyer’sfees
payformyuniversityfees
payment(商业、信贷)支付的款项（正式）
wages（体力劳动者的）工资
salary(白领的)薪水
9．D
10Hiskepthiscret.(l.12)
16/209
es
workmate工友
companion同伴
10．B
11Hisriinstatusmorethanthelossofmoney.(l.14-15)
‘wellworththelossofmoney’
payb
ack偿还，报复
reward酬劳
value价值
comensatefor=makeupfor弥补
11．C
12hewantedtobe‘’,not‘Alf.’.(ll.15-16)
d
‘call‘
addresdas被称作
name命名
cryout叫
shout喊
§Lesson5Thefacts确切数字
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆editorn.编辑
◆extremen.极端
◆statisticsn.统计数字
◆journalistn.新闻记者
◆presidentn.总统
◆palacen.王宫；宏伟的住宅
◆publishv.出版
◆faxn.传真
◆impatientadj.不耐烦的
◆firev.解雇
◆originallyadv.起初，原先，从前
★editorn.编辑
editvt.编辑
editionn.编辑
editorialadj.编辑的，主编的；n.社论，评论
★extremen.极端
gotoextreme(s)todo走极端
Eg:Hewenttoextremetosaythattheplaywasthebestone.
Hewenttoextremestosaythathisgirlfriendwasthemostbeautifulintheworld.
gofromoneextremetotheother
★statisticsn.统计数字
★journalistn.新闻记者
journalist(杂志)新闻记者
reproter(电视台)记者
correspondent(电台)记者，通讯员
★presidentn.总统
★palacen.王宫；宏伟的住宅
★publishv.出版
Eg:Theyhavealreadypublishedthemagazine.
=printvt.
Eg:thebookhasalreadybeenpublished.
Thebookhasgonetopress.
★faxn.传真
17/209
ntafax
★impatientadj.不耐烦的
patientadj.有耐心的
patientlyadv.有耐心地
impatientadj.不耐烦的
impatientlyadv.不耐烦地
patiencen.
impatience
★firev.解雇
Hewasfiredfromhisjob.
dismass(正式)
Themanagerdisisdhimfromhiscompany.
sack(俚语)vt.解雇，辞退
Eg:Ifyoudoitwrongagainyouwillbesacked.
★originallyadv.起初，原先，从前
originaladj.
【课文讲解】
gotoextremes走极端
provide=supply给…，提供（通常与介词搭配连用）
h./.
Heprovidedthemwithabedforthenight.
Heprovidedabedforthemforthenight.
h==lytodosth.正式告诉某人做某事
‘…ajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalaceinanew
Africanrepublic.’
主动语态：Awell-knownmagazineinstructedajournalisttowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalaceinanew
Africanrepublic.’
Theteacherinstructedhimtotaketheexamination.
on==about侧重强调课题专一
Abookonradio
Whenthearticlearrived=Whentheeditorreceivedthearticle
refutopublishit
refu:vt.拒绝（态度严厉）
decline:vt.婉言谢绝
repudiate:vt.断然拒绝
which指代thehighwall
instructing—现在分词进一步补充说明fax的情况
touttodosth.==decideandtrytodo决定，打算，着手做=taboutdoing
Ega:Hetouttomakehisfirst1,000,000in5years
imetodosth.某事花了某人很久的时间
Ittookmefivedaystowritethearticle.
twomorefaxes=anothertwofaxes
failto
reluctantly=unwillingly勉勉强强地，不情愿地
asithadoriginallybeenwritten=initsoriginalway
倒装简述：
notonly位于句首，必须采用倒装形式
Thepoormanhadnotonlybeenarrested,buthadbeennttoprisonaswell.
1．否定副词位于句首，要倒装。
NeverhaveIreadsuchstories.我从来没有读过这样的小说。
Nowherecanhefindthebookhewants.无论在哪儿他都找不到他想要的那本书。
HardlydidIthinkitpossible.我并不认为这是可能的。
常用的否定副词：never,ldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,nosooner
2．含有only的状语位于句首，句子要倒装
Onlythendidherealizethathehadmadeamistake.只有到那个时候，他才认识到自己犯了个错误。
Onlywhenagreatdealmoreinformationhasbeenobtainedwillitbepossibletoplanatrip.
只有获得比较多的信息之后，才有可能计划去旅行。
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3．还有not的副词短语位于句首，要倒装。
notforamoment,notintheleast,notforaninstant,notuntil
NotintheleastisheinterestedinEnglshliterature.他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。
Notforaninstantdidibelievehehadlied.
4．含有no的短语位于句首，句子要倒装。
atnotime,innoway,innonce,bynomeans,innoca,onnoaccount,onnocondition,underno
circumstances.‘绝不’
Undernocircumstancescanweaccpetthecheck.无论如何我们不能接受这笔钱。
Onnoaccountmustyouleavethebabyinthehou.你无论如何也不能把婴儿留在房间里。
5．so,suh位于句首，句子也要倒装。
Hehadatlastbeenallowed=hehadatlastbeenpermitted
=hehadaskedforpermission
请求允许，被允许：beallowedtodo,bepermittedtodo,askedforpermissiontodosth.
inwhich----which指代fax
while和现在分词搭配，做时间状语，表示“正在做某事的过程中”，可以用while引导的时间状语从句去替换。
whilehewascounting…
leadingto现在分词，通向
thestepsleadingtothepresident’spalace
theroadleadingtotheforest
fifteen-foot----做前置定语，这里的名词必须是单数形式
which指代wall(避免和前面的句式结构相同)
【Specialdifficulties】
倒装的用法
Exerci
Writethentencesagainbeginningeachonewiththewordsinitalics.
1Hehasnotonlymadethismistakebeforebuthewillmakeitagain.
2Irealizedwhatwashappeningonlythen.
3Iwillnevertrusthimagain.
4Youldomfindtrafficwardenswhoarekindandhelpful.
key:
1Notonlyhashemadethismistakebeforebuthewillmakeitagain.
2OnlythendidIrealizewhatwashappening.
3NeverwillItrusthimagain.
4SeldomdoYoufindtrafficwardenswhoarekindandhelpful.
warden[w]n.看护人，守护人
【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题
Comprehension
1Theeditoractedashedidbecau.
edanexcutofirethejournalist
otreadthearticlebeyondthefirstntence
issatisfiedwiththefactualcontentofthearticle
edtopleathepresidentofthenewAfricanrepublic
1.C
2Thejournalisttookalongtimetontthedetailsrequiredbecau.
himalongtimetocountallthesteps
otbeenallowedtofaxtheinformationhehadobtained
otrealizehowsoonthemagazinewouldgotopress
eenarrestedbeforehehadhadtimetoobtainthefacts
2.B
3Whyhadthejournalistbeenarrested?
ehisactivitiesmusthaveappearedsuspicious.
inggonetoextremestoprovideunimortantfacts.
mbingthepalacewallinordertomeasureitsheight.
ethearticlewaspublishedinitsoriginalform.
3.A
Structure
4thefirstntence,theeditorrefudtopublishthearticle.(ll.5-6)
ead
首选从句、分词、独立主格结构,缺少了时间状语从句的连接词
4．B
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体会出andthen
Havingenthemovie,theywentforawalk.
5Themagazinetopress.(l.10)
6Hentthejournalisttwofaxes,butdidnotreceive.(ll.10-11)
表示“任意”
6．D
7heinformedthejournalisthewouldbefiredunlesshe.(ll.11-12)
reply
unless=ifnot
一般过去时
7．B
8Heinformedwhilecarryingouthisinstructions.(ll.15-16)
torhisarrest
torthathisarresthadbeen
/aboutsth.通知某人做某事
8．C
Vocabary
9Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirwithunimportantfactsand
statistics.(ll.1-2)
9．C
dsoonbe.(l.10)
d
10．B
print=publish
ery.(l.14)
unate
innocent无辜的
11.D
12Hehadatlastbeentondafax.(ll.14-15)
ermission
请求允许做某事：askforpermissiontodosth
允许某人做某事：begivenpermissiontodsth
12.D
§Lesson6Smash-andgrab砸橱窗抢劫
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆smash-and-grabn.砸橱窗抢劫
◆arcaden.有拱廊的街道（两旁常设商店）
◆Piccadillyn.皮卡迪利大街
◆jewelleryn.珠宝（总称）
◆necklacen.项链
◆ringn.戒指
◆backgroundn.背景
◆veletn.天鹅绒，丝绒
◆headlightn.（汽车等）前灯
◆blarev.发嘟嘟声，吼叫
◆staffn.全体工作人员
◆raidn.偷袭
◆scramblev.爬行
◆fantasticadj.非常大的
◆ashtrayn.烟灰缸
★smash-and-grabn.砸橱窗抢劫
ecesviolently
hessmashedonthefloor.
smashinto:撞击到某处
Eg:Thebussmashedintoabigtree.
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grab:izesuddenly
catch:getholdofsth./
snatch:catchsth./lyandviolently
ize:强调抓住、抓到的结果Fearizedher.
grasp:强调掌握
hold：强调抓牢、抓紧Heisholdinganumbrella.
★arcaden.有拱廊的街道（两旁常设商店）
★Piccadillyn.皮卡迪利大街
★jewelleryn.珠宝（总称）
★necklacen.项链
★ringn.戒指
★backgroundn.背景
onthebackgroundofsth.以什么为背景
backgroundinformation
amanofexcellentbackground
★veletn.天鹅绒，丝绒
★headlightn.（汽车等）前灯
★blarev.发嘟嘟声，吼叫
★staffn.全体工作人员
★raidn.偷袭
★scramblev.爬行
uickly
climbvt.爬上
mount:登上
★★★fantasticadj.非常大的
fantastic:verygreat/largeafantasticsofmoney
strange
wonderful
★ashtrayn.烟灰缸
【课文讲解】
本课有许多句型值得模仿
inafamousarcadenearPiccadilly介词短语修饰shops
Eg:Theshoeshopinmyneighbourhoodwasjustopening.
Beijing,ourcapital,ivelopingenormously(atfantasticspeed).
‘Aftergazingatthedisplayforveralminutes,MrTaylorwentbackintohisshop.’
运用ing形式结构，其逻辑主语要和主句的主语保持一致
本课的重点句式：with的复合结构
如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，应该采用动词的ing形式：
如果是动宾关系，应该采用过去分词形式作宾补
如果表达某事将要展开发生，要用动词不定式to
Shesatstaringintothedistancewithtearsstreamingdownhercheeks.
Shestoodtherwithherhandsrestingonherhips.
Heranintotheroomwithhisfacecoveredwithtears.
Withhishomeworkfinished,hefelthappy.
Heudtosleepwithallthewindowsopen.
Hewentoutwithhishaton.
Withthemeetingover,wewenthome.
Hecameinwithaknifeinhishand.
Twootherswithblackstockingsovertheirfacesjumpedout.
Withalotofworktodo,hecan’tgotothecinama.
总结：
with用于句首或句尾，常表示状语、行为方式、原因、伴随状况等；如果跟在名词之后，是用来修饰限定该
名词
athiefwithatockingoverhisface
ateacherwithabookunderhisarm
aroomwiththewindowsopen
cometo后面常接名词，表示达到
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cometoastop,cometoanend,cometoadecision,cometoanagreement,cometoanunderstanding,cometo
success,cometofame
停车stop,drawup,pullup
atthebarbar’s,atthebutcher’s,atthebaker’s,atthegreengrocer’rocer’s,atthestationer’s,atthe
tobacconist’s,atthechemist’s
helponelfto:自便
helpyourlttodish
Myroommatehelpedherlftomyclotheswithoutaskingme.
atafantasticspeed/atatremendousspeed/atahigh(full)speed/withgreatspeed
hundredsofthousandsofdollarsworthofjewel数十万美元的珠宝
Wordbuilding
前缀构词法
如何运用常见的前缀
dis-
agreeabledisagreeablecontentdiscontent
gracefuldisgracefulhonestdishonest
satisfactorydissatisfactory
dis还可以加在名词前
agreementdisagreement
honestydishonesty
abilitydisability
gracedisgrace
comfortdiscomfort
dis可以加在动词前
agreedisagree
appeardisappear
believedisbelieve
dis-还可表示除去、解除，在名词前加dis-得到动词形式
couragediscourage
rootdisroot
maskdismask
burdendisburden
il-加在以l开头的形容词之前
legalillegallogicalillbogical
literateilliterate
im-加在以b,m,p开头的形容词之前
possibleimpossible
mortalimmotal
moralimmoral
balancedimbalanced
ir-加在以r开头的形容词之前
regularirregularrationalirrational
resistibleirresistible
in-主要用于其他字母开头的词之前
humaninhumancorrectincorrect
justiceinjusticesincaereinsincere
un-只能手于形容词和动词之前
不
happyunhappyfriendlyunfriendly
luckyunlucky
无
conditionalunconditionallimitedunlited
非
officialunofficialjustunjust
未，主要用于过去分词之前
undecidedunfinishedunexpectedunhurt
用于动词之前表示做相反的动作
lockunlocktieuntie
coveruncoverpackunpack
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dressundressloadunload
ExerciP36
Writethentencesagaingivingthecorrectoppositesofthewordsinitalics
1Hewaxtremelypolite.
2Iagreewithyou.
3Hishandwritingisquitelegible.
4Thisreportisaccurate.
5Haveyoulockedthedoor?
6Haveyoulearnttheregularverbs?
Key:1impolite2disagree3illegible4inaccurate5unlocked6irregular
【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题
Comprehension
wasadmiringthenewwindowdisplay,.
assistantswerearrangingjewelleryinthewindow
ieveswereontheirwaytoraidhisshop
tandinginsidehisshop
ffwerefinishingtheirworkfortheday
1.B
onone’swaytodo
Heisonthewaytobecomealawyer
2Thecarheadlightswereonanditshormblaring.
hieveswantedtowarnpeopleoutoftheirway
cialsignaltotherassistants
hievescouldewheretheyweregoing
ktheearlymorningsilence
2.A
ne’sway
inone’sway
’sshopbecau.
arlyinthemorningandnotmanyshopswereopen
andhisstafftotryandstopthem
llyhadatreatdealofvaluablejewelleryondisplay
daveryfastcartogetawayin
3.C
Structure
4Theexpensiveshopsinwerejustopening.(ll.1-2)
a,Piccadilly’dillyfamousarcade
ousarcadeoffPiccadilly
名词具有修饰词的时候，语序的排列通常是形容词、名词。
anoldvillageschool
4.C
5Hethedisplayforveralminutesbeforere-enteringhisshop.(ll.7-8)
ngazingat
5.B做句子结构题时要和原文加以对比
6Usingbarsmadeiron,thethievessmashedtheshopwindow.(l.11)
6.A
7Heandhisstaffbeganfurnitureoutofthewindow.(l.12)
owingof
begindoingsth./begintodosth.
7.A
8Hadhenotbeensobusytakingthediamonds,hetheblow.(ll.13-14)
vefelt
省略if的条件状语从句，
8．D
Vocabulary
9Tomakethecar‘roardownthearcade’,thedrivermusthave.(ll.9-10)
ed
accelerated加速
speed加快动作和工作的进程speedup
Eg:We’dbetterspeedup,ifwewanttogetthereintime.
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Thedriveracceleratedtopasstheothercar.
Thecarspedalongtheroad
reverd:倒车
Eg:Thecarreverdthroughthegate.
9．A
10Twoothers,theirfacesblackstockings,jumpedout.(ll.10-11)
in
twoothers和theirfaces同位语关系
overdresd
Ifellratheroverdresdinthissmartsuit.
overlooked:俯瞰
madeupin无这种表达方式
10．A
11,wasupstairs.(ll.11-12)
ile
Forthetimebeing=temporarily
Meanwhile=atthesametime
Asithappened这类事情的发生
Forawhile=foramoment
11.B
12Chairsandtableswereintothearcade.(ll.12-13)
ted
flown是fly的过去分词，vi.不能用于被动语态goflying,
Eg:Agustofwindntthepaperflyinginalldirections.
emptied倒空，与题意不符
hurled：用力的去投掷
projected：ntup发射
§Lesson7Mutilatedladies残钞鉴别组
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆mutilatev.使残缺不全
◆chewv.咀嚼
◆fianc
é
n.未婚夫
◆microwaven.微波，微波炉
◆ovenn.炉灶
◆safekeepingn.妥善保管
◆Newcastlen.纽卡斯尔（英国港市）
◆identifyv.鉴别，识别
◆spokeswomann.女发言人
★mutilatev.使残缺不全
vt.经常用于被动语态
1，毁伤，残害。
Hewasmutilatedintheaccdient,andnowhasonlyoneleg.
amultlatednote
2,把…搞砸了
You'vealreadymutilatedthenovelbymakingsuchchanges.
$dadpresident:美国
mutilationn.
★chewv.咀嚼
Alotofpeoplelovechewinggums.
Don’tbiteoffmorethanonecanchew.不要自不量力
chewthefat:聊天
chewedup：（俚）着急的，担心的
Don'tgetchewedup/aboutyourexamination.
★fianc
é
n.未婚夫
★microwaven.微波，微波炉
micro-=tiny,veryverysmall
microswitch,microfilm,microscope,microcond,microphone,microbiology
反义前缀：macro-=
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★ovenn.炉灶
★safekeepingn.妥善保管
PleakeepyourIDcardsafe
doevil:干坏事
evildoing
maketrouble=>troublemaking
★Newcastlen.纽卡斯尔（英国港市）
★identifyv.鉴别，识别
.
Hecan’tidentifytheperson.
identity:n.
Sofarthearcheologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.
identificationn.命名，确认
★spokeswomann.女发言人
【课文讲解】
段首或段尾运用疑问句提出问题
段首——主要要引起读者的兴趣和注意力
段尾——进一步巩固、加深与本段所涉及的内容，进一步引起读者的沉思
rescue救援，援救
Hundredsofpeoplewenttorescuetheplanecrash.
大词小用所起到的目的——加强语气
whiterthanwhite====damaged,mutilated.损坏，残缺不全
makemistakeslikethis
Fortunatelyforthemluckly/happilyforthem固定搭配
team组织
makeaclaim提出索赔
items
第二段充分说明了约翰是怎么样把钱从银行里拿回来
concern:涉及到——isabout
runafactory,runacompany
goodtive
tokeepitsafe
puthiswalletwhichcontained….
gohor-riding,gofishing,gohunting,goshopping
dismay:沮丧
beautifully-cookedwallet:用一种讽刺的口吻
turnedtoturnedintobecome
who----bandmanager
solongas:onconditionthat表假设，只要
payfor:为…付款
Wepaid80dollarsforthedictionary.
on强调对21000起索赔要求
payoff还清，偿还
Thecouplehavealreadypaidtheirdebtsoff.
payback
1,把钱归还回去paymoneyback
2,报仇，报复paysomebodyback
【Specialdifficulties】
如何运用后缀
less表示否定概念carecareless
ful表示有、充满了helpfulcareful
ly:形容词+ly=副词，名词+ly=形容词daily
icpicenergetic精力充沛的
ishchildishwomanish
Exerci
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Supplythemissingwords
1Youwon’rationiscompletely.
ntrysideisso.
erexpectsvisits.
4Don’’tbeso.
5She’plainswhyshe’sso.
Key:sh(-ish的形容词是贬义色彩)ic强壮的，强健的
【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题
Comprehension
1TheycalltheteaminMewcastle‘MutilatedLadies’becau.
obinvolvesmutilatingbanknotes
obistoidentifypicturesoftheQueenonmutilatedbanknotes
arealwaysmutilatingbanknotesbyaccidentinthewash
dieshavethepatienceforthisdifficultjob
1.B
2TheBankofEnglandoffersaspecialrvicetopeoplewho.
ashlargebanknotes
magedbutidentifiablebanknotes
2.D
identify=>identifiable
return=>returnable
eat=>ratable
3Youdon’tgetyourmoneybackunless_____.
oNewcastleandetheMutilatedLadies
noughevidencetoproveyourclaim
nkmanageragreestohelpyou
edonethissortofthingbefore
unless:ifnot
3.B
Structure
4Haveyoueverforgotten_____inthepocketofyourtrours…?(ll.1-3)
rgebanknote
4.A
anylargebanknotes
_____inBritai,youneedn’tdespair.(ll.4-5)
ing
needn’t真实条件句，不是虚拟语气
live动词是不用进行时态的
5．C
6Johnis_____,andrunsafurniturebusiness.(l.9)
étlin’sfiancé
c.
JaneButlinwho’sfianc
é
tlinwhofianc
é
6．B
一般来说，如果表示某人的，就用‘
如果采用介词of表示所属关系，被修饰名词前要出现定冠词
7Thewallet_____￡3,000fromtheday;sbusiness.(l.10)
t
简单句，选用一般过去式
7．C
8Johnputhiswalletintothemicrowaveoven_____.(l.10)
ekeeping
tokeepitsafe
8.A
Vocabulary
____thebusiness.(l.9)
hechargesof
inchargeof负责
inthechargeof由某人来负责
9．A
10Janediscoveredthatthe￡3,000had_____ash.(ll.12-13)
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turnedtoash
10.D
11Theremainswere_____totheMutulatedLadies.(ll.13-14)
d
nt
dispatched送，送达deliver
convey:运输、传达
fetch:去取回来
11．B
12Peoplecangettheirmoneyback_____thereissomethingtoidentify.(ll.15-16)
ng
12．B
providedproviding
Eg:Provededthatyoureducetheprice,I’lltakeallthegoods.
suppod表假设suppo,supposing
特别注意：结构以及词汇题
§Lesson8Afamousmonastery著名的修道院
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆monasteryn.寺院，修道院
◆d圣伯纳德
◆passn.关隘
◆watchdogn.看门狗
◆rashlyadj.莽撞地，冒失地
◆enclosuren.围场，圈地
◆monkn.和尚，僧侣
◆privacyn.清静，隐居
◆skiern.滑雪者
◆Eastern.复活节
★monasteryn.寺院，修道院
abbot:修道院院长
conventnun:修女
abbess:女修道院院长
★d圣伯纳德
★passn.关隘
★watchdogn.看门狗
★rashlyadj.莽撞地，冒失地
boldlyadv.
★enclosuren.围场，圈地
★monkn.和尚，僧侣
★privacyn.清静，隐居
★skiern.滑雪者
★Eastern.复活节
atEaster,atChristmas,atThanksgiving
【课文讲解】
connects/JoinSwitzerlandtoItaly/linkSwitzerlandwithItaly
connect…with:把…与某事联系在一起
Ican’tconnectthepicturewithmyfriendMary.
Areyouconnectedwiththegovernment?
beconnectedwith与…有联系
at2,473metres:介词短语修饰全句用于句首表示原因、条件或状态
Attheageof25,heisable.
Atonepoint65metres,heisalittleshort.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句最大的区别
非限制性定语从句是对主句或主句中所出现的某个名词的补充说明和解释，去掉对主句影响不大
限制性定语从句是主句当中不可缺少的一部分
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MrSmithwasafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.
MrSmith,whodiedonJuly17that84,wasafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.
Therewereveryfewpasngers,whoescapedwithoutriousinjury.
Therewereveryfewpasngerswhoescapedwithoutriousinjury.
Thetaxidrivers,whoknewaboutthetrafficjam,tookanotherroad.
Thetaxidriverswhoknewaboutthetrafficjamtookanotherroad,andotherswhodidn’tknowaboutthetrafficjam
stilltookthisheavyroad.
who引导的非限制性定语从句主要指人做主语
指代事物在非限制性定语从句当中只能使用which
Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwaxactlythesumIneeded.
指代时间when,地点where
Hewasleftonthedertisland,wherehestayedforaslongastherrweeks.
found建立tupestablish
live----lives
which指代frienddogs
Thepanda,whichwasbroughtfromChina,wasudasasymboloffriendship.
Nowthat：既然
用做时间连接词时，后面通常跟完成式
Nowthatyouhaveleftuniversity,youhavetofindajob.
用做原因连接词时，后面时态不限。
Nowthatyouwon'thelpme,Imustdothejobmylf.
Nowthatyouaregrown-up,youmuststopthechildrenbehave.
whenever,whoever,whateverwherever,whichever,however
nomatterwhen/who/what/where/which/how
Youcantelephonemewheneveryoulike.
Whicheverdayyoucome,we’llbepleadtoeyou.
Wheneveryougo,I’llfollowyou.
Howeverbusyyouare,younustsparesometimetostudyEnglish.
Despite介词——inspiteof
rashly莽撞的attempttodosth.-----trytodosth.
there+be
zTherearestillafewstudentsstudyingEnglishintheclassroom.
incars---bycar
about到处，周围
Don’tlitterwastepaperabout.
lookabout,goabout,runabout,wanderabout
keep：使某人或某物处于某种状态，经常和介词短语、形容词、分词（现在分词和过去分词）搭配连用，表
示一种状态
keephimout,keephimin
Dokeepthecatintheroom.
表示逻辑的主谓关系——现在分词I’msorrytokeepyouwating.
表示逻辑的动宾关系——过去分词Thelambwaskepttighttoatree.
quitetheopposite恰恰相反
.
Ipreferreadingtodoingnothing.
TheregularvisitorstoBeijing
Mike,wholoveschessverymuch,enteredforthegame.
Specialdifficulties
ExerciP44
Supplythemissingwordsinthefollowingntences:
1Nowthathe’sgrownup,hedoes_____everhepleas.
2_____everItelephone,theline’ngaged.
3_____evertoldyouthat,didn’tknowwhathewastalkingabout.
Key:
【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题
Comprehension
ddogsarenestknownfor_____.
greatsummertouristattraction
savedpeople’slivesbeforethenewtunnelwasbuilt
bletoarchpeopleoutwhohavebeentrappedinthesmow
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edomtheyhavetowanderaboutinthewinter
bebestknownfor=befamousfor:众所周知
1．C
2Whatisthemainadvantageofthenewtunnel?
entspeoplefromendangeringtheirlivesbyclimbingthePass.
gsthousandsoftouriststothemonsteryeachsummer.
idesafastandsafecommunicationacrosstheSwiss-Italianborder.
dmonksintogreatercontactwiththeworld.
themainadvantage最大的好处
2．C
dmonasterydifferinwinter?
atnumberofvisitorsmustcometothemonasteryonskis.
sarefreetosavethelivesofpeoplelostinthesnow.
ksaremorewelcomingtotheirvisitors.
ksconpursuetheiroccupationrelativelyundisturbed.
occupation:事业，undisturbed:不受打扰的
3．D
Structure
4ThehighestmountainpassinEuropeis_____...(ll.1-2)
2,2,2,473metresd.2,473metreshigh
4．D
名词作表语，at，介词短语作状语
5--afewpeoplewhoare_____tocrossthePassonfoot.(ll.9-10)
sh
形容词或副词和enoughtodo搭配
b选项错在sorashasto,Youaresokindastohelpme.
6_____somanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinanenclosure.(l.12)
with的复合结构形式
Alargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditsbomblaring,roareddownthearcade.
Withsomanypeoplearoundme,Ifeelhappy.
6.A
7Themonkslet_____outsidetheirenclosure.(l.15)
ndering
让某人做某事：
7.C
8Partiesofskiers_____themonasteryinwinter.(ll.15-16)
iting
泛泛的概念采取一般现在时
8．C
Vocabulary
dPasslies_____SwitzerlandandItaly.(l.1)
强调两者之间
9．B
10Thedogsarentoutintothesnow_____atravellerisindifficulty.(ll.8-9)
whenever=ifever无论什么时候，只要情况是如此
Whenever/ifeveryoupouroilonwater,itfloats.
inca主要是讨论预防措施
Youshouldinsureyourhouincathereisafire.
10.A
11Thousandsofpeople_____overthePass.(ll.11-12)
drive
11.D
12Theyareallowedto_____outsidetheirenclosure.(l.15)
原文：wander:闲逛，roam
graze:吃草，drift:漂流=float,wonder:想知道，感到奇怪
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§Lesson9Flyingcats飞猫
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆fascinatev.迷住，吸引住
◆affectionateadj.充满情深的，柔情的
◆mysteriousadj.神秘的，难以理解的
◆submissiveadj.服从的，顺从的
◆felineadj.猫的
◆independencen.独立，独立性
◆high-riadj.高层的
◆windowsilln.窗槛
◆paratroopern.伞兵
◆squirreln.松鼠
◆air-resistancen.空气阻力
◆impactn.冲击力
★fascinatev.迷住，吸引住
vt.主系表结构：befascinatedwith被…迷住了，被…吸引住了
Heisfascinatedwithchess.
AreyoufascinatedwithEnglish.
like,love,befondof
Theboyisfondoffootball.
becrazyabout:着迷
bemadabout
Heiscrazy/madaboutmusic.
Heisfascinatedwithmusic.
fascinationn.
fascinatingadj.
Sweetmusicisfascinating.
★affectionateadj.充满情深的，柔情的
Catsareaffectionateanimals.
affectionatelyadv.
Theladyislookingthatmanaffectionately.
affectionn.
★mysteriousadj.神秘的，难以理解的
amysteriousplan
amysteriouxplanation
mysteryn.迷团，神秘感
Hisdeathisamystery.
★submissiveadj.服从的，顺从的
obedient
Areyouobedient?
Dogsandhorsaresubmissive,butCatsareneversubmissivetous.
besubmissivetosb.
submitv.
Submitonelftosb./sth.屈服于，顺从于
submissionn.
★felineadj.猫的
★independencen.独立，独立性
independentadj.
Youhavealreadygrownup,youmustbeindependent.
depend依靠
Youmustdependonyourlf.
depend,dependence
independence,independent
★high-riadj.高层的
★windowsilln.窗槛
★paratroopern.伞兵
★squirreln.松鼠
★air-resistancen.空气阻力
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★impactn.冲击力
【课文讲解】
nverfailtodo双重否定＝＝肯定
Ifyouaksforhelpinthepoliteway,youneverfailtosucceed.
Ifyoureceiverequestslikethis,you'llneverfailtoaccept.
常用的双重否定结构（加强语气）
1．neverfailto,can'tfailto,don'tfailto,否定词+failto（语气较强烈）
2．否定的形容词之前加以否定unreasonable->notunreasonable
Eg:Whathesaidisnotunreasonable.
Itisquitecommon(notuncommon)forustomakemistakes.
3．not+without
Eg:Youcan'tobtainenglishwithoutworkinghard.
Hedoesn’thaveanymealwithoutmeat.
+not
Eg:Thereisnocatthatdoesn'tlikefish.
Thereisnothingthathecan'tdo.
Thereisnorulethathasnoexception.
aswell
asaresult
havelearnedto:学会了，习惯了
Peoplehavelearnedtoexpectthattrainsarepunctual.
Childrenhavelearnedtoexpectthattheirparentsareveryable.
besuspiciousofsb.对什么表示怀疑，存有戒心
Oneofthethingsthatfascinaesus：that引导定语从句
that引导同位语从句
Oneofthethingsthatfascinaesusmostaboutplanesisthepopularfactthattheyaresafeandfast.
truth,不可数名词，agooddealof
apparently显然，显而易见
Itemsthat...
Acat’sabilitytosurvivefallsisbadonfact.
.&n.
bebadon:基于事实基础之上
:把某事加强在什么基础之上
Webathetheoryonthefact
Thetheoryisbadonfact.
makeastudyofsth:对什么作出研究
overaperiodoffivemonths
incommon=thesame
falloff坠落，掉落
diefrom:死于
死于疾病：dieofillness/dia/hunger/thirst,自然的死亡用of
死于非自然原因：diefromshock/injures/wound,用from
thereisnoshortage
shortage:缺乏=lack,与of搭配，shortage/fackof
shortageofmoneyledtothefailureoftheexperiments.
32storeys
sufferfrom:遭受什么痛苦
Alotofpeopleintheworldaresufferingfromterribledia.
behavelike=actlike
well-trained:训练很好的，well-decorated:装饰漂亮的
thefurthercatsfall,theless
典型的themore...themore...句型，用定冠词the修饰形容词或副词的比较级
TheharderyoustudyEnglish,thebetteryouanlearnit.
Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.
belikelytodo:有可能如何，强调可能性
Incoldwinter,Wearelikelytocatchacold.
andmore甚至更多
athighspeeds
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stretchout充分伸展
【Specialdifficulties】
ExerciP48
Supplyso,such,sucha,orsuchan:
1Thefilmwas_____funny,welaughedallthewaythroughit.
2Weallhad_____’sapityyouweren’tthere.
3It’s_____unusualexhibition,I’msureyou’llenjoyit.
4Thetwinsare_____alike,youcan’ttellthedifferenceetweenthem.
5Therewas_____loudnoi,everyonejumped.
Key:
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Wefindcatndlesslyfascinatingbecau_____.
thereisagooddealwedonotknowabouttheirlives
evethatcatshaveninelives
edifferentfromdogsandhors
nreachaspeedof60milesanhourwhilefalling
1.A
endlesslyfascinating无穷的，特别吸引人的魅力
2Arecentstudyof132catsinNewYorkproved_____.
istruethatcatshaveninelives
tsarerelatedtoflyingsquirrels
edifferentfromdogsandhors
tsfallingfromgreatheightsareldomkilled
2．D
thatthefurthercatsfall,thelesstheyarelikelytoinjurethemlvesBecautheyhavegotenoughtimetorelaxand
thisincreastheirair-resistanceandreducestheshockofimpact.
3Catscansurvivegreatfallsmainlybecau_____.
thertheyfall,thelesslikelytheyaretoinjurthemlves
’sabilitytosurviveisbadonfact
ngcatrelaxeditslegsandsoincreasitsair-resistance
eunlikelytoexceedaspeedofabout60milesanhour
3.A
thatthefurthercatsfall,thelesstheyarelikelytoinjurethemlves
Structure
4Catshaveanunfailingfascination_____mostpeople.(l.1)
4.C
for对于人们来讲
with对于人们来讲，强调对比概念
withsomechildren,theirpocketmoneygoesalongway.
unfailing
endlessly
5Catsneverbecomesubmissive_____.(l.3)
aythatdogsandhorsdo
ogsandhors
5.B
as…as…象…一样
inthewaythat…以…方式
Iloveyouinthewaythatyouloveme.
Welikemodernartinthesamewaythatwelikebeautiful…
6_____popularlybelievedthatcatshaveninelives.(l.7)
6.D
Itissaidthat…据说
Itisannouncedthat…据宣布
Itisreportedthat…据报道
7NewYoukisidealforthisstudybecau_____high-ribuildings.(ll.11-12)
ber
7．B
thereisplentyof--thereareplentyof
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8Overaperiodoffivemonths,therewas_____of132catsinNewYouk.(l.9)
g
8.A
Vocabulary
9Mostcatsaresuspiciousofhumanbeings_____theirlives.(l.5)
9.B
during在…期间（时间较徒刑）
duringourholiday;duringtheweek
through侧重强调从空间穿过
throughthecrowd穿过人群；throughthedoor
MondaythroughFriday
throughouttheirlives贯穿始终
10_____thereisagooddealoftruthinthisidea.(l.7)
singlyenough
10．C
tiwouldem(that)…----apparently
11Thatcatscansurvivefallsfromgreatheightsis_____bythefacts.(ll.7-8)
11.C
explain解释；test检测；borne容忍，忍耐
Thetheoryissupportedbythefact.
Thetheoryisbadonthefact.
12Onecatfell32stroeys._____sheonlysufferedabrokentooth.(ll.12-13)
eof
12.A
evenso注意上下文的语境
although让步；虽然，但是
inspiteof只用来连接名词、动名词或代词
moreover表示递近关系
Heisverytired,evensohekeepsstudingEnglishhard.
§Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克“号的沉没
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆Southamptonn.南安普敦（英国港市）
◆colossaladj.庞大的
◆watertightadj.不漏水的
◆compartmentn.（轮船的）密封舱
◆floodv.充满水
◆floatv.漂浮，飘浮
◆tragicadj.悲惨的
◆linern.班船
◆voyagen.航行
◆icebergn.冰山
◆lookoutn.瞭望员
◆collisionn.碰撞
◆narrowlyadv.刚刚，勉强地
◆missv.避开
◆slightadj.轻微的
◆tremblev.震颤
◆faintadj.微弱的
◆horrorn.恐惧
◆abandonv.抛弃
◆plungev.投入，跳入
◆lifeboatn.救生船
★Southamptonn.南安普敦（英国港市）
★colossaladj.庞大的
big,large,huge,great,vast,immen,enormous,giant,gigantic,tremendous,titanic
colossal:largeinsize
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AshipTitanicwascolossal.
acolossalmonument;acolossalstatue
big:大的，重要的
Yougivemeabigsurpri.
Heisabigperson.
Theboxisbig.
large:体积大，数量大
anemptylargebox
alargenumberofpeople
great:伟大
vast:辽阔，广阔vastdert
immen:immeasurable不可测量的
animmenstadium,immeniceberg
enormous重点突出数量、程度、体积；强调程度时，语意强于big
Eg:Hemadeabigsuccess./Hemadeanenoumoussuccess.
giant:巨大的，高大的
agiantperson巨人；gigantic
tremendous:big,fast,powerful
Theplaneistravelingattremendousspeed.
titanic用于修饰人和物，体积大、力量大
Theshipistitanic.
huge:强调体积大ahugestone数量巨大ahugesumofmoney
★watertightadj.不漏水的
awatertightship
watertight引申为无懈可击的，毫无破绽的
watertightarguments无懈可击的论点
watertightexcu毫无破绽的借口
waterproof防水的；waterproofwatch防水手表
waterproofcoat防水雨衣
★compartmentn.（轮船的）密封舱
★floodv.充满水
vt.&n.
edwithwater;theshipisflooded.
Theroomwasfloodedwithmoonlight.
Ourclassroomwasfloodedwithsunshine.
n.洪水，inflood河水泛滥；引申表示连续不断的
Duringtherains,theriverisinflood.
inafloodofwords滔滔不绝的
Sheblamedherhusbandinafloodofwordsoneinghim.
★floatv.漂浮，飘浮
drift
★tragicadj.悲惨的
unfoutunate;atragicaccident
mirable苦难的bitter痛苦的
tragedyn.悲剧，惨剧intragedy以悲剧形式
Theholidayendedintragedy.
comedy喜剧comic喜剧的，滑稽的comical古怪的，可笑的
★linern.班船
★voyagen.航行
voyage海上航行
flight飞行
journey长途行程
navigation航海，航海术
Thevoyageismorethantheoldladycanbear.
★icebergn.冰山
★lookoutn.瞭望员
★collisionn.碰撞
collidevi碰撞，抚触
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Theplanecollidedwiththemountain
crashv.坠毁
Itissaidthatthereisanairplanethatcrashedinthemountains.
conflictvi.和某事（某人）相抵触
Myideaconflictswithyours.
clashvi.相冲突
Eg:Hisweddingclashedwithmyexamination,soIcouldn’tgo.
★narrowlyadv.刚刚，勉强地
★missv.避开
★slightadj.轻微的
★tremblev.震颤
tremblev.有规律的、小幅度的抖动
Look,yourhandsaretrembling,what’swrongwithyou?
shiverv.强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动
Ifoundhe’sshiveringinacold.
shuddervi.强调全身的颤栗
Theboyisshuddering,why?Becauhewasfrightened.
★faintadj.微弱的
faint:weak
faintsound/weaksound;weakvoice/faintvoice
faint:unconscious失去知觉
Hehasbeenfaintforalongtime.
slight轻微的，微不足道的
aslightheadache;aslightbook
★horrorn.恐惧
★abandonv.抛弃
abandon因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物
Heabandonedhisrearchbecauofthewar.
dert背弃，遗弃
dertthearmy;derttheduty;derthisfamily
★plungev.投入，跳入
plunge:jumporrushsuddenlyandwildly
Hegotsoangrythatheplungeintothewater.
WhentheshipTitanicsankintheocean,alargenumberofpeopleplungedinto…
jump:侧重强调快速地跳
Theboyisjumpingupanddown.
leap:跳跃Heleaptoutofthesleepingbad.
dive跳水、潜水
★lifeboatn.救生船
【课文讲解】
ThelossoftheTitanic
Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedfor…背景介绍
sailfor航海去往某处
tout(off)for出发去往某处
leavefor,headfor,makefor
Eg:HewilltoutfortheAtlantic.
Theplaneismakingfortheairport.
WeareheadingforCanada.
Sheeascarrying…
carry表示载有；acrewof一组人员
Evenby…by:accordingto表示依据
modernstandards现代的标准
byregulation依据规则;byruies依据条例
byourestimate根据我们的估计
byone’slooks/byone’sappearance根据某人的长相
accordingto依据（事实、课文等客观存在的现实）
accordingtothefact依据事实
accordingtothetext依据这篇课文
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在我看来：inmyopinion
accordingto/inaccordancewith
inaccordancewith更加正式
inaccordancewithlaw依据法律
inaccordancewithrules
atthattime在当时
notonly…but(also)…不仅…而且
beregardedas:beconsideredtobe,bethoughtofas把…看作为
口语中：regardsb./+(n./pron./adj./doing/done)
Eg:Iregardedhisideaastotallyunacceptable.
Wecan’tregardthematterasttled.
for表示原因
beableto强调有能力
beremembered被永远记住
godown:sink
onherfirstvoyage处女航，首航
withheavylossoflife损失惨重，造成大批人员的死亡
fourdaysafterttingout…:fourdaysafterttingoff…
…spotted…:suddenlydiscoveredbyalookout
icywaters水域，海域
thealarmhadbeengiven发出警
toavoid…不定式表目的
justintime很及时
missing现在分词做状语，表示对主句的补充说明
narrowly勉强地
which指代theimmenwallofice
frombelow从下方fromabove从上方
…sofaintthatnoonethoughtthat…
so…that…
toone’shorror使某人感到惊讶
fiveofhersixteenwatertightcompartmentshadbeenfilledwithwater.
Theorderwasgiven命令被下达
toabandonship弃船，不定式做定语
As(becau)therewerenotenoughlifeboats…1,500livesdied.
theorderwasgiven.命令被下达
toabandonship弃船不定式做做定语
ability能力
theabilitytodosth.
h.
becapableofdoingsth.强调有做某事的能力
capabilityofdoingsth.做某事的能力
【Specialdifficulties】
WordBuilding构词法
动词后加-er,如果是以不发音的-e结尾的，只加-r,表示行为的主动者，做某事的人。
work----workerteach----teachermurder----murderer
write----writerread----reader
动词后加-ist,表示某种主义者、信仰者；从事某种事业、研究的人
copy----copyisttype----typistnovel----novelist
drug----druggisttobacco-----tobacconist
形容词后加-ness,抽象名词，表示一种性质、情况、状态
kind----kindnessbitter----bitternesshappy----happiness
willing----willngness
某些动词后加-ion,构成名词
suggent----suggestion…
以-te结尾的动词，把不发音的-e去掉，再加-ion
translate----translationcomplete----completion
graduate----graduation
某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词，把-i去掉，再加-ation
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explain----explanationexclaim----exclamation
以-ity结尾，放在形容词之后，构成抽象名词，表示性质、状态
以-able/-ible对尾的形容词变成名词，充成–ability/-ibility
able----abilityprobable----probabilitypossible----possibilitymobile----mobility
Exerce
Supplythemissingwordsinthefollowingntences:
____.
_____.
3Pasteurdidagreatrviceto_____(human).
4Heistryingtomakeagood_____(impress).
5Hispaintingshavebeenadmiredfortheir_____(original).
Key:ality
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1WhentheTitanictoutfromSouthampton_____.
carryingaverylargecargo
makingavoyagewhichisonlyattemptedbyverylargeships
oofherwatertightcompartmentswereflooded
sailingonhermaidenvoyage
1.D
2Whathappenedoncetheiceberyhadbeenspotted?
anicgotlostintheicywatersoftheNorthAtlantic.
rmwasgiventhattherewasacollisionahead.
anicquicklychangedhercour.
anicturnedjustastheicebergrosteeplyoutofthewater.
2.C
3TheTitanicsankbecau_____.
beenbadlydamagedbyaniceberg
tainwasslowtorealizethetruenatureofthedamage
thanfiveofherwatertightcompartmentshadbeenflooded
doftryingtosaveher,peopleplungedintothewater
3.A
Structure
4_____were1,316pasngersandacrewof891.(ll.2-3)
dingner
指代的是thegreatshiponboardtheplane/thetrain
5Noonethoughtshe_____sink,forshehadsixteenwatertightcompartments.(ll.5-6)
ossibly
5.D表示下沉的可能性
6She_____fourdayswhenahugeicebergwassuddenlyspotted.(ll.9-10)
a,nsailing
有了段时间four,用过去完成进行时
6．D
7Sofaint_____thatnoonethought…(ll.13-14)
eenthenoi
So位于句首，句子必须倒装
7．B
8Astherewere_____lifeboatsforeverybody…(ll.16-17)
notenoughlifeboats
8.D
Vocabulary
9Thegreatship_____sharplytoavoidadirectcollision.(ll.10-11)
ed
突然转向veer=turn
9.A
10TheTitanicturned_____narrowlymissingtheimmenwall…)ll.11-12)
ontime
justintome躲得很及时
innexttonotime=atonce,immediately
onasuddenimpul:凭一时的冲动
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10.C
tainwentdownto_____.(l.13)
e
重点在于下去调查
11．B
12Therewasnotenough_____inthelifeboatsforeverybody.(ll.16-17)
room空间volume容量，容积area地区place地方，地点
12.A
§Lesson11Notguilty无罪
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆guiltyadj.犯罪的，违法的
◆tolerantadj.宽容的
◆declarev.申报
◆hardenedadj.有经验的
◆professionaladj.职业的，专业的
◆smugglern.走私者
◆officiousadj.爱管闲事的
◆confidentlyadj.自信地
◆dreadfuladj.可怕的，一团糟的
◆pouncev.猛抓，扑住
◆perfumen.香水
◆sarcasticallyadv.讽刺地
◆exemptadj.被免除的
◆dutyn.税
◆geln.凝胶
◆mixturen.混合物
◆unscrewv.拧开
◆nostriln.鼻孔
◆chalkn.粉笔
◆baggagen.行李
★guiltyadj.犯罪的，违法的
Hefeltguiltywhenhedidwhatheshouldn’thavedone.
Hesaidthatwithaguiltysmile.
guiltn.
guiltilya.
反义词：innocent,innocencen.
★tolerantadj.宽容的
atolerantpersonmustbeeasygoing.
tolerantlyad.
tolerancen.
toleratevt.
tolerableadj.可以忍受的，说得过去的
★declarev.申报
★hardenedadj.有经验的
（侧重于老练的）
ahardenedplayer
ahardenedthief
experienced(侧重于有经验的)
anexperiencedteacher
★professionaladj.职业的，专业的
aprofessionalplayer选手
★smugglern.走私者
★officiousadj.爱管闲事的
alotofoldladiesareofficious.
officiouslyadv.
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officiousnessn.
officiouscivilrvant好管闲事的公务员
anofficiouspoliceofficer
official官方的，官员的，正式的
Anofficialinquirywillbemadeintothismatter.对此事将进行一次官方调查
★confidentlyadj.自信地
Hewenttodotheworkconfidently.
=withconfidence充满信心的
confidentadj.
confidencen.
haveconfidence有信心
gainconfidence获得信心
inconfidence悄悄的，秘密的=cretly
e’sconfidence以某人为心腹
Eg:Thebosstakehiscretaryintohisconfidence.
★dreadfuladj.可怕的，一团糟的
=frightful（表示胆怯的，恐惧的）
dreadful(侧重于可怕的，乱七八糟的)
★pouncev.猛抓，扑住
★perfumen.香水
fragrance:（抽象名词）芬芳，芳香
★sarcasticallyadv.讽刺地
★exemptadj.被免除的
★dutyn.税
CustomsDuty:关税
Stampduty印花税
dutyfree免税的
同义词taxincometax所得税
★geln.凝胶
★mixturen.混合物
★unscrewv.拧开
★nostriln.鼻孔
★chalkn.粉笔
★baggagen.行李
同义词luggage
【课文讲解】
quitetolerant
我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调。
表示“真正的”really
areallyofficiousperson
强调“特别，尤其是”particularly
强调“绝对的”absolutely
强调“完全的，彻底的”completely,entirely,fully,thoroughly
fairly----强调“一般般”
very----语气程度强烈“非常”
rather----语意程度接近fairly,注意修饰形容词和副词，特别是形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位置。
Afairlygoodbook.
Arathergoodbook/Ratheragoodbook
rathertoo
quite----~right/wrong/mistaken/sure绝对不能用very替代。
Evenreallyhonestpeople…
aparticularlyofficiousyoungCustomsOfficer…
theGreenChannel=theCustomOffice
aremadetofeelguilty
madk,have,let及感官性动词e,hear,notice,feel用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to符号应该省略。但这
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种结构改成被动式时，不定式符号必须还原。
Weheardsomeonecomeupthestairs.
Someonewasheardtocomeupthestairs.
(Ontheonehand…,)ontheotherhand
Ontheonehandwecouldstayandhelpyou,butontheotherhanditmightbebetterifyouwenttohelphim
instead.
hiddeninhissuitca
过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches.
evenif/thoughhehasfivehundredgoldwatcheshiddeninhissuitca.
lookingmeintheeye:两眼直盯盯的注视着我
ace,ye=lookdirectlyatsb.
Notoneofthemendaredlookhimintheeye.
'Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcaplea?'
TheOfficerwentthroughthecawithgreatcare.=TheOfficerexaminedthecacarefully.
withgreatcare----强调相当的仔细
inamess:乱作一团
介词in和名词搭配，表示一种状态
秩序井然：ingoodorder
身体健康：ingoodhealth
心情好：inagoodmood
脾气好：inagoodtemper
lightup:喜气洋洋，容光焕发
Eg:Masha'sfacelitupwhenshesawheroldfriend.
Hisfacelightedupatthesmalltriumph.
Tomreallylightedupwhenhesawthenewbiccycle.
light有两种过去分词，过去式形式：lit,lighted
但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被点燃的。要用lighted
一只被点燃的雪茄：alightedcigar
点燃的火炬：alightedstick.
介词短语－－withdelight“欣喜若狂的”
with和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情
自信地：withconfidence
细心地：withcare
骄傲的：withpride
欣喜若狂的：withdelight
惊讶的：withsurpri
pounceon:向…猛扑过去，对…大做文章
Eg:Thepolicemanpouncedonthethief.
Don'tpounceonmymistake.
shouldhave和过去分词搭配，表示本应该做某事却没有做，具有谴责性的味道。
Youshouldhavearrivedherefiveminutearlier.
Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutit.
本不应该做某事：shouldn’thavedone
exempt:免除的，被免除的be~from
Drinksarenotexemptfromimportduty.
as----关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。他所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义。
Asweknow,theearthisround.(众所周知)
AsBrianpointedout,…（正如…所指出的）
正如我很快得知的：ned
关系代词as和which的区别：
as所引导的非限制性定语从句，可用在主句之前
which引导的非限制性定语从句，只能用在主句之后。
副词形式：encouragingly
Hewasgreetedbyanunpleasantsmell…
greet:问候，向…致意；觉察到,呈现在…眼前，在…耳边
Iwokeupandwasgreetedbyabird’ssong.
Insidetheroomadreadfulmessgreetedus.
Whenhewentintothekitchen,asmellgreetedhim.
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precious:珍贵的
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1WhatmakesreallyhonestpeolefeelguiltywhengoingthroughCustoms?
fivehunredgoldwatcheshiddenintheirsuitcas.
ticularlyofficiouswayCustomsOfficersalwaysaskquestions.
tthattheyaretreatedaspotentialsmugglers.
ngthingswhicharenotexemptfromimartduty.
1.C
2WhatmadetheCustomsOfficer’sfacelightup?
gowdifficultitwouldbeforthewritertoclosica.
thebottleofhairgelwhichhecouldchargedutyon.
aofhavingfoundsomethingwhichshouldhavebeendeclared.
eringanunopenedbottleoferfumeatthebottomoftheca.
what----名词
2．C
3Thewriterwasinahurrytogetawaybecau_____.
rownimpatientathavingtakensolongtogetthroughCustoms
nxioustogetawayfromtheunleasantsmell
fraidhemightstillbestoppedforsmuggling
ryingtoescapewithpreciouschalkmarks
3.A
Structure
4TheCustomsOffficeraskedhim_____hehadanythingtodeclare.)l.9)
r
4.D
5‘Haveyouanythingtodeclare?’heasked,looking_____.(l.9)
rection
lookhimintheeye/face=liikdirectlyathim
5.C
6‘Wouldyou_____plea?(l.11)
unlickthissuitca
tounlockthissuitca
?
6.B
7hetoldhimhe_____it.(l.16)
todeclare
7.A
8_____thecap,theOfficerputthebottletohisnostrils.(l.22)
scewed
8.A
Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.
Vocabulary
e_____.(l.1)
ent
tolerable能忍耐的，可忍受的placid平静的tolerable宽容的，好相处的negligent疏忽的
9．C
10Ahardenedprofessionalsmugglerfeels_____hisbehaviour.)ll.4-5)
essof
10.A
feelashamedof为…感到羞愧gultlessof无辜的
★11AsIexpected,hewas_____.(l.20)
cal
incomprehensible=unabletobeunderstood
Thearticleisfullofincomprehensibletechnicalexpressions.
incredible=unbelievable难以置信的
Whatyousaidisincredible.
incredulous不轻信的
skeptical=unwillingtobelieve不愿意想念的，持怀疑态度的
11.D
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12Iwasabletohurryawaywithreciouschalkmarksonmy_____.(ll.23-24_
ent
baggage=luggage
12.B
§Lesson12Lifeonadertisland荒岛生活
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆dertisland荒岛
◆unrealisticadj.不真实的
◆Paradin.天堂，乐土
◆wretchedadj.可怜的，艰苦的
◆Starvev.挨饿
◆elementn.成分
◆opportunityn.机会
◆coraln.珊瑚
◆VirginIslands维尔京群岛
◆Miamin.迈阿密（美国最南的城市）
◆dinghyn.救生筏，小船
◆Caribbeann.加勒比海
◆speargun捕鱼枪
◆lobstern.龙虾
◆tankern.油轮
◆genuinelyadv.由衷地
◆RobinsonCrusoe鲁滨逊·克鲁索（小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》主人公）
★dertisland荒岛
dert:沙漠
v.背弃，遗弃
desrt:甜点
★unrealisticadj.不真实的
★paradin.天堂，乐土
alotofpeopleimaginetheUSAastheirparadi.
heaven:天堂，天国，也指死亡
★wretchedadj.可怜的，艰苦的
mirable
leadawretched/mirable/terriblelife
★starvev.挨饿
starvetodeath
★elementn.成分
★opportunityn.机会
goldenopportunity绝佳的机会
opportunityknocksonlyonce千载难逢的机会
chance表机会时可以与opportunity互换，表可能性时则不可
Ihadchance/opportunityofvisitingParis.
ThereisachancethatIwillehim.
Thechancesarethathewillbeelectedthepresident.
Thechancesarethathewillpasthixaminationnextweek.
+of,to
Hehadnotopportunitytoeher.
★oraln.珊瑚
★irginIslands维尔京群岛
★Miamin.迈阿密（美国最南的城市）
★dinghyn.救生筏，小船
★Caribbeann.加勒比海
★speargun捕鱼枪
★lobstern.龙虾
★tankern.油轮
★genuinelyadv.由衷地
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Heisgenuinelythankfultome.
e
eness
★RobinsonCrusoe鲁滨逊·克鲁索（小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》主人公）
【课文讲解】
formanunrealisticpictureofsth.对...抱有不切实际的幻想
Alargenumberofpeoplehaveformedanunrealisticpictureofthejob.
/
Somepeopleimagineflyingtobemoredangerousthantravelingbytrain.
AlargenumberpeopleimagintheUSAastheirparadi.
quitetheopposite:恰恰相反
either…or…
EitheryouorIamgoingtotheparty.谓语动词和最接近的主语保持一致。
Eithercomingorgooutdon’tstandonthedoorway.要么进来，要么出去，不要站在门口。
Anelementoftruth:abitoftruth
Optimistic:乐观的
Pessimistic:消极的，悲观的
Wish做谓语动词，其后的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气；虚拟语气的结构形式取决于所表达的实际情况：
1.如果表达对现在的遗憾或与现在相反的情况，that从句中的动词要采用过去时，be动词要用were
Iwishyoucoulddriveacar.
2.如果表达对过去的遗憾或与过去相反的情况，that从句中的动词要采用过去完成时
IwishIhadn’tspentsomuchmoney.
Iwishthatyouhadwrittentohim.
3.如果表达与将来事实相反或将来不可能实现的心愿，that从句中要使用would,could等情态动词的过去时
IwishthatIcouldgoabroadtomorrow.
Iwishthatyoucouldcomeheretomorrow.
ifonly要比wish更富有戏剧性和感情色彩
Ifonlytheweatherwouldchange.
Iwishtheweatherwouldchange.
Wewishthatweknewwheretolookforhim.
Ifonlyweknewtolookforhim.
Ifonlywecouldhavegonetotheparty.
Ifonlyyouhadn’tsaidthat.
Ifonlyyouwouldcomeheretomorrow.
ed
loadwith把…装载到…上
Eg:Theworkersareloadingthetruckwithgoods.
Unload:卸
hardlyany:verylittle/few
Eg:Hardlyanybodylikeshimbecauesheissorude.
Youhardlyeatanything,what'swrong?
provetobe===turnouttobe
put:express
Ifonlywecouldhavestayedonthedertislandalittlebitlonger.
【Specialdifficulties】
wish,ifonly
ExerciP60
_____.
ou_____.
3It’sapityJohn’he_____.
_____.
_____.
6I’_____.
Key:ghtit.显然说明的是过去的情况“was“
’t/wouldn’tmakesuchnoice…
re…强调“他在这儿，该有多好”；运用be动词，说明现在情况相反的概念，无论什么人称，be动
词应该使用were
laythepianosowell
diedhardthen.(studied)
’tmentionedittohim
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【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Inwhatwayarethepicturesweformoflifeonadertislandunreal?
iltoprentthewretchednessofsuchasutuation.
etthatwewouldbetooweaktoworkandonlyimaginethepleasureofidleness.
eeitherundulyoptimisticorundulypessimistic.
ckanytruthatallasmostofushavenevervisitedone.
1.C要么是过度乐观，要么是过度的悲观
2Whatwastheequipmentthemenhadbroughtthatprovedesntialtotheirsurvival?
ithwhichtheyhadbeengoingtorepairtheriboat.
,matchesandtinsofbeer.
ter,lobsterandfish.
gunandarubberdinghy.
Esntial=verynecessary绝对必要的，必不可少的
2.D
3Whatmadethemenwishtostayonthedertisland?
eringhowpleasantlifecanbefendingforonelf.
enveryfewtreesandnorainwateronthecoralisland.
tthattheytwereabletoeatthesamefoodaskingat.
gtheynolongerneededtotaketheirboattoMiamiforrepair.
3.A
fendforonelf:独立的照料某人
虚拟语气
Structure
4Wesometimesthinkofadertisland_____asortofparadi.(l.1)
thinkofsb./:把某人、某事看作为…
4.B
5But_____havehadtheopportunitytofindout.(ll.7-8)
y
fewofus：我们当中，没有几个人
5．D
6After_____afewmilesacrosstheCaribbean,theyarrivedatasmallcoralisland.(ll.11-12)
afterprep其后要和名词、动名词搭配，and前后连接的并列成分，时态是应该相呼应的
原句：Theyquicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andtinsofbeerandrowedforafewmiles
acrosstheCaribbeanuntiltheyarrivedatatinycoralisland.一般过去时形式
after引导的时间状语从句，表示动作在前
6．C
7_____werescarcethereandtherewasnowater.(ll.12-13)
ntheisland
7．C
在表示类指概念的时候，可以采用名词的复数形式；或者运用名词的单数形式，注意冠词的修饰。（atree,the
tree）
Refrigeratorsareuful.=Arefrigeratorisuful.
7.C
8Bothmengenuinelyregretted_____.(l.16)
sthaveleft
为做过的事情后悔：regret+动名词
8．C
Vocabulary
9Adertislandis_____place.(ll.1-2)
n
inhabited:有人居住的
uninhabited:无人居住的
unpopular:不流行的
barren:贫瘠的
9．B
10Theothersideofthepictureis_____different.(ll.4-5)
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ly
完全的不同
10．D
11Butthiswasnot_____tobeaproblem.(l.13)
原句：thisdidnotprovetobeaproblem
觉得、发现苛人或某事怎么样：findsb./
Theyfoundthetriptobeinteresting./veryexciting.
某人或某事被发现怎么样：常用被动语态
Thecarisfoundtobebeautiful.
demonstrate:论证，表明，举行，示威
11.D
12And,asoneofthem_____it,they‘atelikekings’.(l.15)
原文：asoneofthemputit
12.A
§Lesson13‘It’sonlyme’“是我，别害怕”
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆costumen.化装服
◆consistv.由...组成
◆sheetn.被单
◆effectiveadj.有明显效果的，有作用的
◆comfortableadj.舒适的
◆streroomn.储藏室
◆electricityn.电
◆metren.电表
◆pacen.一步
◆fleev.逃走
◆slamv.砰地关上
◆costumen.化装服
costumeball化妆舞会
costumeparty
fancy(dress)party
suit西服，西装
dress裙子
◆consistv.由...组成
consistof--由…组成（表示被动概念）==bemadeupof==compri==becompodof(强调由什么成分所构成)
Eg:Ourclassconsistof100students.
thernIreland.
Thehouconsistsofsixrooms.
becompodof----
Wateriscompodofoxygenandhydrogen.
constitutev.----由部分构成整体
Thecommitteeconsistsof10members.=Tenmembersconstitutethecommittee.
◆sheetn.被单
◆effectiveadj.有明显效果的，有作用的
Thecostumeisquiteeffective.
Hiswordswaffective.
influential:有潜移默化影响力的
Whatourparentsdoisinfluentialtochildren.
efficacious:（医药）有效的，灵验的
Thedrugifficacious.
fruitful:有成效的
Theirexperimentisfruitful.
◆comfortableadj.舒适的
反义词：uncomfortable
comfortn.舒适adj.安慰
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discomfortn.不舒适
Inspiteofdiscomfortsheisdeterminedtostayhere.
◆streroomn.储藏室
◆electricityn.电
◆metren.电表
◆pacen.一步
◆flee(fled,fled)v.逃走
flee:(vt.)(vi.)(总称)泛泛强调逃离危险的境地
Eg:Thepeoplefledinpanicwhenthebullgotloo.
escape:逃出监狱，逃出牢笼
vt.逃掉，逃出
Eg:Hewasabletoescapefromthehou.
Iamsorryyournameescapedme.很抱歉，我忘记你的名字了。
Theytriedtoescapedeath.
◆slamv.砰地关上
slamthedoor.
同义词：bang
【课文讲解】
too…to…太…而不能
不定式to,在大部分情况下，表示否定概念。
not/nevertoo…to…：并不太…所以能够
Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老
Thequestionisnottoodifficultformetoanswer.
如果在副词too前发现修饰语all,butonly,不定式to的概念也是肯定的
Eg:Theyarealltoosatisfiedtoworkwithyou.他们都非常满意很想和你一起工作
Iamonlytoogladtohavesomeonetospeakto.我太高兴了，很想找个人说话
Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.他太急于要回家了。
intendedto=meanto:有什么打算，意图
dressupas:化妆成为
thenightbefore:前一个晚上（以过去的某一个时间为基准点）
lastnight:昨天晚上（以现在为基准点）
Thenightbeforeshegoteverythinbgready.
Shewasimpatient(eager,anxious)totryiton.
beimpatienttodosth:急于要做某事，迫不及待
=eager,anxious,hungry,thirsty,despereat,can’twait(口)
更焦急的情况用desperate(bedesperatetodosth),口语中用can't
wait.(can'twaittodosth)
tryon:试穿
Afterputtingiton:穿上以后
动词不定式towear,用来修饰说明comfortable,作它的状语
Thebookisdifficulttoread.
Thedressiasytowash.
Yourhandwritingiasytorecognize.
itwouldbecomfortable(forher)towear.
Itiasyformetoread
主动形式————表达被动概念
Themusicissweettohear.
Themachineneedsrepairing
“需要……”被动概念，用need,want和动名词形式直接搭配
Eg:Thedictionaryisworthbuying.
Thebookisworthreading.
Thehouisunderconstruction
Thepumaisundercontrol.
Theproblemisunderdiscussion.
Thethiefisunderarrest.
介词under可以表达被动的意味
Eg:Theairportcameintouagain.
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cameintou:不及物动词短语
Ourtimehasalreadygonetowaste.（浪费掉，付诸东流）
Sheisarespectableperson.(被尊敬的人)
-able形容词后缀，跟在动词后表达“能够被…的“
Thisisareturmablebottle.
“由…所组成”：consistof,compri本身表达被动概念，结构形式为主动。
therewasaknockonthefrontdoor:人有敲门
comein:进来
straight:直接地，径直地
ifever---ever用语条件句，表示任何时候，任何场合==whenever
Eg:IfeveryoueGeorgegivehimmybestregards.
WheneverheisintroubleI'llbeonthespot.
Notwanting----分词的否定结构形式，做原因状语。多用于句首，也可插入句中，主谓之间。
Eg:Notwantingtomakehernervous,thedoctordidn’tfullyexplaintheriousnessofhercondition.
=Thedoctor,notwantingtomakehernervous,didn’tfullyexplaintheriousnessofhercondition.
readthemetre:查电表
saying---现在分词做伴随状语
letoutacry大叫了一声===utter/giveacry.
letout发出==give
shout高呼，高喊，有目的的
shouttosb对某人高声喊
shoutatsb对某人大喊大叫
jumpbackveralpas
【Specialdifficulties】
wear
形容词+动词不定式
hewasdelightedolearnthat...
Iwasgladtohearthat...
Hewasanxioustoleave...
感情形容词后的不定式通常是表示原因，在句中做原因状语
happy,relieved,astonished,amazed,surprid,horrified,disappointed,sad,embarrasd,shocked
Hewasfrightenedwhenhesawthesnake.
Hewasfrightenedtoethesnake.
IwassorrywhenIlearntthat...
Iwassorrytolearntthat...
不定式也可以放在表语之后，主语是不定式的实际宾语。
Thecarishardtopark.
Somequestionsareawkwardtoanswer.
在少数几个动词后，可用作结果不定式。
learn,find,e,hear,betold
helivedtoehisinventionscometosuccess.
hewokeuptofindeveryonegone.
Hewenttohishouonlytofindhimout.
在不定式前加only，表示意想不到的，出乎意料的结果.
Eg:Hehurriedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasshut(clod).
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
dswentupstairsbecau_____.
notneedtodoanyhouwork
llhadtofinishthecostumeshewasgoingtowear
tedtochangeherclothesbeforedoingthehouwork
tedtochangeintoherfancy-dresscostume
1.D
Shewnatedtoknowwhetherthatcostumewascomfortabletowear.
dsdidnotgotothedoorbecau_____.
upstairschangingherclothes
notwanttomakeabadimpressiononthebaker
ughtthebakermightbetakeninbyherdisgui
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erhadalreadyleftthebreadonthekitchentable
takesbin使某人信以为真，让某人上当
disgui伪装
Atthatmoment,n’asquicklyas
possibleinthesmallstoreroomunderthestairs.
2.C
3Bysaying‘It’sonlyme’,dshoped_____.
wouldrealizeshewasalone
uadethemanhewaseingaghost
wouldrecognizeher
wouldnotclothedoorofthestoreroom
3.C
dhopedthatthemanwouldn’tbeshocked.
Structure
4Afterherhusbandhadgonetoworkandthechildren_____toschool,shewentupstairs…(ll.1-2)
nding
前后连接时态要呼应，表示并列关系。
5Shewantedtofindouthow_____towear.(l.8)
dbecomfortable
how修饰限定形容词
Atthatmoment,shehadn’tputonthecostume.
5.B
6_____tofrightenthepoorman,dsquicklyhidunderthestairs.(ll.11-12)
nganxiousfor
...notwantingtofrightenthepoorman.
动词不定式的否定形式是在动词不定式符号之前直接加否定词not,never
anxious形容词做原因状语
6.B
7tryingtoexplainthesituation,she_____‘It’sonlyme’.(l.14)
nsaying
7．B强调过去的一个动作
ds_____towardshim,hefled.(ll.15-16)
.看见某人做某事做宾语补足语时，不定式符号to被省略
8．C
Vocabulary
9_____dswanteringthediningroom…(l.9)
thetime
9．A
attheverymomont就在此刻
aslongas/soas用来引导条件句，表示只要
Youcangooutaslongasyoupromitobebackbefore11o’clock.
onlywhen引导时间状语从句
9．A
10…ifsheever_____thedoorandtoleavethebread…(ll.10-11)
ednottoopen
miss+动名词,表示错过什么事情
Eg:Idon'twanttomisseingthatfilmontelevisiontonight.
forgettodosth.表示忘记去做某事
yestoday,Iforgottolockthedoor.
succeedindoingsth.表示成功做了某事
if……happento……表示某事偶然发生
Eg:Ifyouhappentopassthebaker's,pickmeupabrownloaf,wouldyou?(picksbupsth:帮某人捎带某样物品)
Ifyouhappentofinishtheworkearly,givemearing.
11ItwasthemanfromtheElectricityBoardwhohadcometotakeametre-_____.(ll.13-14)
11.A
reading表示仪表或者仪器上的指数、读数
Whatarethetemperaturereadignsfortheweek?
takeametre-reading读电表上的数字
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measurement测量尺寸、大小调节稳定
What’syourwaistmeasurement?
regulation调节；regulationofbodyheat体温调节
12Theman_____acry.(l.15)
d
letout发出==give
shout高呼，高喊，有目的的
shouttosb.对某人高声喊
shoutatsb.对某人大喊大叫
Don’tshoutattheelders.
12．B
§Lesson14Anoblegangster贵族歹徒
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆gangstern.歹徒，强盗
◆Chicagon.芝加哥（美国城市）
◆protectionn.保护
◆promptlyadv.准时地
◆destroyv.毁掉；消灭
◆remarkableadj.不寻常的
◆bandn.帮，团伙
◆Florencen.佛罗伦萨（意大利城市）
◆city-staten.（古代）城邦
◆hirev.租出，雇给
◆princen.君主，诸侯
◆Florentinen.佛罗伦萨人
◆funeraln.葬礼
◆dedicatev.奉献，题献给
◆memoryn.纪念
◆valiantadj.英勇的
★gangstern.歹徒，强盗
abandofgangsters一伙强盗
robber抢劫犯，抢劫者；
bandit强盗,土匪
brigand(书面用语)强盗，土匪，盗贼，草寇
hooligan流氓，不良分子
hoodlum(口语)罪犯，恶汉
rascal(口语)淘气，捣蛋鬼
★Chicagon.芝加哥（美国城市）
★protectionn.保护
protectionmoney保护费
tfrom
Wemustprotectoureyesfromthesunshine.
protectiveadj.保护的
protectorn.保护者
protegen.被保护者
★promptlyadv.准时地
Igivehimaringandhecallmebackpromptly.
Hewassosleepythathewenttosleeppromptly.
ontime准时/intime及时
punctuallyadv.守时地
★destroyv.毁掉；消灭
destroy强调毁灭，消灭，完全的摧毁
Eg:Theearthquakedestroyedthecity./Youdestroyedhisdream.
damage强受损程度不很严重，可以被修复
break强调弄坏，弄断
Twoofthestringswerebroken.
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spoil强调把事情搅和了
Eg:spoiltheparty./spoiltheholiday
★remarkableadj.不寻常的
remarkableadj.:unusual;uncomon;extraordinary
aremarkableevent不同寻常的事件
anextraordinaryevent
outstandingadj.突出的，杰出的，卓越的
Eg:Ourheadmasterisanoutstandingyouth.
distinguishedadj.杰出的，卓越的，不同非凡的
eminentadj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的
Eg:adistinguishedphysicist;aneminentsurgeon;aneminentjudge;adistinguishedlawyer
以上都可以用来修饰那些在严肃领域的人，比如科学，医学等等
well-knowadj.强调众所周知的
famousadj.因卓越的贡献和成绩而流芳百世的
Eg:Sheiswell-knowninthemusicalworld./Thisiswell-knownfact.
Heisafamousmoviestar./Luxunisfamousforhisarticles.
notoriousadj.臭名昭著的，臭名远扬的；befamousforbadthings
infarmousadj.声名狼藉的(语气较弱)
rnownedadj.某人或某事以其独特的品质、个性而闻名
Eg:Hangzhouisrenownedforitsbeautiful...
★bandn.帮，团伙
abandofrobbers一伙强盗
mobn.表示贬义色彩的团伙、帮派
amobofhooligans一伙流氓
gangn.一伙agangofthieves
nestn.窝；anestofbandits
packn.团伙、帮派；apackofhoodlums
★Florencen.佛罗伦萨（意大利城市）
★city-staten.（古代）城邦
★hirev.租出，雇给
hire;rent;let;employ
hireout;rentout租给
Eg:Doesthisfirmhireoutcars?这家公司出租汽车吗？
rentout租给，雇给：主要强调出租房屋
Eg:Herentouthishoutoatourist.
let出租房屋:lethishou/plealetyourhoutome。
hirefrom/rentfrom租进来
Eg:Hehiredacarfromus./n.
hire指短期雇佣体力劳动者
employ指长期雇佣或聘请脑力劳动者
Weemployedherasouradvisor.
Thefactoryemployed500workers.
Hehiredtwohelpers.他雇佣了两个临时帮手。
★princen.君主，诸侯
★Florentinen.佛罗伦萨人
★funeraln.葬礼
★dedicatev.奉献，题献给
dedicateto奉献给……比devote更为正式而庄重
Eg:Hededicatedhisfirstbooktohismother.
Idevotemytimetohelpingmystudents.
Hededicateshislifetohismotherland.
Hededicatedhislifetoscience.
putsbofbusiness使某人失业
putsb/sthoutof……使某人失去……
Eg:Youareputtingmeoutofpatience.
putitoutofyourmind忘记这件事情吧!=forgetit.
★valiantadj.英勇的
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braveadj.勇敢的
Theboyisbrave.
Duringwar,soldiersarevaliant.
fearlessadj.大无畏的，无所畏惧的
Wearefearlessintimeofdanger.
courageousadj.有胆量的，有勇气的
★memoryn.纪念
Youhaveagoodmemory.
inmemoryof/tothememoryof
Eg:ifmymemoryrvesmewell,you’reTom.如果我没记错的话，你是Tom。
【课文讲解】
paylargesumsofmoneytosb.向某人付大笔大笔的费用
inreturnfor目的是为了换取...作为对...的回报
Eg:Hegavemesomebooksinreturnformyhelp.
when引导状语从句修饰time
Eg:Therewasatimewhenminiskirtwasinfashion.
promptly:innediately
putamanoutoutofbusiness:使某人失业
putsb./...使某人失去......
Eg:Youareputtingmeoutofpatience.
Youhavealreadyputeverythingoutoforder.
putitoutofyourmind忘记这件事情吧
bydestroyinghisshop通过......手段
Eg.:Youareputtingmeoutofpatiencebydisturbingme.你快把我弄得失去耐心了，如果再这样打扰的话。
Obtaining...
obtaining:getting
aslongagoas追溯回到：datingbackto/datefrom
Eg.:IknewJaneaslongagoastheyear1980.
Johnhawkwood’sdiscoverywasquiteremarkable.
maketheremarkablediscovery做出不同寻常的发现
wouldratherdosththandosth宁愿而不
Eg.:Hewouldratherdiethansurrender.
Iwouldratherplaytennisthanswim.
==wouldprefertodo……thando
==wouldpreferdoing……todoing
Eg.:Hewouldprefertodiethansurrender.
Hewouldpreferdyingtosurrendering.
wouldrather:sooner+that从句(过去式)
Eg:Iwouldratherthatyouwerenothere.我宁愿你不在这儿。
Eg:IwouldratherthatIdidn'teyou.我宁愿没见到你。
lifework毕生的事业
Eg.:Iwanttohavethetreecutdown.
Sixhundredyearsago...
abandof……一伙…………
ttlednearFlorence定居在Florence附近
makeanameforhimlf===becomefamous
Eg.:Theysoonmadequiteanameforthemlvesaspopsingers.
cometo/getto渐渐的
cometobeknown渐渐的被人所熟知
Eg.:Icometobeknowntomystudents.
Igottoknowhim.
whenever无论什么时候
atwar交战atwarwith与……交战
hire表示出租
who指代prince
hedemanded:Hawkwooddemanded
intimesofpeace在和平期间
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intimesof……在……期间
marchinto大踏步行军
wouldoffertodo===wouldpromitodo
burndown烧毁/burnup烧光/burnout烧空
Eg.:thehouwasburnedoutonly...
inspiteofthis尽管如此
Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentipinions.
Eg.:theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.
funeral给某人举行国葬
Signor（意大利语）先生
which指代picture
bededicatedtothememoryofsb.
themostvaliant比较级的最高级形式
★★★课文要背熟★★★
【Specialdifficulties】
wouldrather,wouldsooner:
wouldratherdothando
wouldratherthat(that宾语从句中要出现动词的过去时)
ExerciP68
Givethecorrectformoftheverbsinparenthes:
1I’drather_____(go)tothecinema.
2I’dratherhe_____(leave)earlist.
3I’dratheryounot_____(speak)tohim.
4I’drathernot_____(speak)abouthim.
5I’drathermyfather_____(ttle)theaccount.
6She’dratheryounot_____(tell)anyoneaboutit.
Key:
(rather后省略了that)
3....didnotspeak...
ak...(否定形式结构：“宁愿不做......”wouldrathernotdo
d...
6....didn’ttell...
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1What‘protection’didChicagogangstersgivetothowhoaidthem?
vedthopeople’sbusinessfromdestruction.
ftthopeople’sbusinesspremisunharmed.
tectedthopeopleagainstcriminalslikeSirJohnHawkwood.
dnottakethopeople’lives.
1.B
premis:房产
unharmed替代原文的destroy
2SirJohnHawkwood’sItalianname,“GiovanniAcuto’,wasonewhich_____.
himlfinordertobecomebetterknowntotheItalians
edthroughhissharppracticeofllinghis‘protection’
edinordertohirehissoldierstoItalianprinces
enhiminrecognitionofhisrvicestotheItalianstates
他获取自己的名字是依据自己的所作所为
2．B
3TheItaliansregardedHawkwoodasasortofhero_____.
theycouldnothelpadmiringhisboldnessandbravery
lpedthecitizensinpeacetimewhenbusinesswasbadforthem
etheprotectionmoneyheofferedtothowhofarmsheburnt
ivedsolongandwasgivenastatefuneralbytheFlorentines
inthat==becau“因为”，表示一种原因
3．A
Structure
4Obtaining‘protectionmoney’isacrimewhich_____practidforalongtime.(l.5)
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g
段时间——foralongtime(现在完成时)
4．A
5Peoplepreferpayinglargesumsofmoney_____theirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.(ll.7-8)
eyhave
preferdoing+to+动名词
5．C
6Princesudtohire_____Hawkwood.(ll.11-12)
ldiersof
hire:从某人租得某物
6．B
7Theywouldrefutogoaway_____rotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.(ll.13-14)
t
ifnot:如果不=unless
provided----条件是......
7.A
8_____attheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehim…)ll.15-16)
介词on和名词death相搭配，表示去世的状态
8．C
介词on和动名词搭配，表示一个动作：“一……就”
Eg:Oneinghim,Iranaway.
Vocabulary
9Sixhundredyearshave_____sinceSirJohnHawkwookarrivedin…(ll.9-10)
ed
动词的过去分词
9．B
10…princeswhowere_____topaythehighpricehedemanded.(ll.11-12)
ed
prepared:心甘情愿的==(willing)
bewillingtodo==bepreparedtodo
agreeable:宜人的，惬意的
desirable:吸引人的（=attractive）
10.D
11Hawkwoodmadelargesumsofmoney_____.(l.14)
is
12‘themost_____soldierandmostnotableleader’…(ll.16-17)
12.C
§Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆appreciatev.欣赏，感激
◆pocketmoney零用钱
◆rattlev.格格作响
◆thriftyadj.节俭的
◆nephewn.侄子，外甥
◆bouncev.弹起，跳起
◆pavementn.人行道
◆stick(stuck,stuck)v.卡住，夹住，不能再动
◆brigaden.旅，（消防）队
◆grean.润滑油
◆appreciatev.欣赏，感激
Eg.:Thepoemistoodifficultformetoappreciate.
Iappreciateyourhelp.=bethankful/gratefultosb.
◆pocketmoney零用钱
beermoney:留给丈夫的零花钱
madmoney:妇子留作应急之用的私房钱
greenmoney:美金
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soft/foldingmoney:纸币，钞票
hardmoney:硬币
◆rattlev.格格作响
◆thriftyadj.节俭的
同义词：economical
◆nephewn.侄子，外甥
◆bouncev.弹起，跳起
Thecoinwasbounced.
同义词：jump(跳跃)，leap(跃)，hop(单足跳)，spring(弹跳；n.弹簧)，skip(跳跃；略过)
◆pavementn.人行道
◆stick(stuck,stuck)v.卡住，夹住，不能再动
stick:不能跳跃，卡住；坚持，粘贴
Eg.:Youmuststicktoyouridea.
Stickthestampontheenvelop.
stickwith:忠实于......（=befaithfulto）
Hisarmwasstuck.他的胳膊被卡住了。
◆brigaden.旅，（消防）队
firebrigade:消防队
=firedepartment
=firestation
◆grean.润滑油
【课文讲解】
Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.孩子们总是喜欢得到些零花钱。
Husbandsalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofbeermoney.
providearegularsupplyof…定期地提供……
./h.为某人提供某物品
asourceofextraincome
smallgiftsofmoney
pocketmoney
extraincome
goalongway可以买很多东西，维持很久
Eg:Themoneywehavewillgoalongway.
goalongwaytowards:对……大有帮助
Eg:Thiswillgoalongwaytowardsovercomingthedifficulty.
Withfrugalhouwives,theymadetheirsmallincomegoalongway.
介词With和For的区别：“对于……来说”
介词for----“关于，对于……来说，考虑到……的事实”
Eg.:TheweatherisquitewarmforNovember.
Forhim,thiswillbeanentirelynewhobby.
介词with----“在某一方面”（多用于二者的比较）
Eg.:Withsomepeople,pleasureismoreimportantthanwork.
Somepeoplemayacceptthatexcu,butitwon’tworkwithme.
pence:便士（penny便士的复数；pennies）
afiftypence:一个五十便士的硬币
afiftypenies:五十个一便士的硬币
wxchangesfor:换取，以......来交换
rattle:叮当作响==tinkle
roar:呼啸（重点突出老虎、狮子等大动物的鸣叫声）
shoutat:大喊大叫=barkat
heisgrunting.咕哝的，哼哼唧唧的
slam:砰的一声
fillup:装满
1．up----表示方向
to----目的地、说话者所在处
upto----表示到达目的地
towards----表示朝某个方向
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2．表示沿着，走向更远的地方，侧重强调距离更远了
Theywalkedupthestreet.
Thechildrenrunupthegardenpathtogreettheirfather.
3.系列动词+up----表示消费，摧毁，彻底，光，用完
Drinkupyourwhisky.
Eatupyourvegetable.
Finishitup.
burnup
uup用光
4．表示积存，从少到多，积少成多
Wemustlayupsomeboiledfoodforthewinter.
=storeup,holdup,gatherup
5．表示从河的上游到下游，河流入口处以上到源头的某一点
TheyaresailinguptheThames.
Thehouisuptheriver.
6．动词+up----表示包起来、封住、盖住
buttonup扣上钮扣
wrapup包裹起来
lockup锁上lockthehouup
fastenup栓起来
saveup赚钱
washup洗碗盆
doup包扎，包装，系好
fiftypenceisasmallprice=fiftypenceisnotmuch:装满
fiftypenceisnotmuchtopay
asmallprice=notmuchmoney:并不是很多
Forhim,twothousanddollarsisasmallpricetopayforit.
Forme,fivehaudredyuanisnotasmallpricetopayforabicycle.
findtheirwaythere=reach抵达，到达，找到自己的去处
Riversfindtheirwaytothea.
Howdidsuchafoolishstatementfinditswayintoprint.这样愚蠢的话怎么会印出来呢。
Allmybookshavealreadyfoundtheirwaythere.
advi:建议
h.:说服某人做某事（失败的结果）
h.:说服某人做某事（成功的结果）
instead：相反的是
fiftypenceworthoftrouble:五十便士的麻烦
系列的动词构成平行结构：takeoff,rolledup,push
rollvi.滚动；vt.滚动
cilrolledunderthetable.
edtheballtowardsthepuppy.
rollup:卷起，挽起
Wewillneedtorollupthecarpet.
what引导的插入语
whatismoreimportant更重要的是
whatiswor更糟糕的是
whatismore甚者
whatisrare更罕见的是
Eg.:Hewenttothemeeting,andwhatwaswor,insistonspeaking.
gatherround聚在周围
rubbedhisarmwithsth....用......涂抹
firmly:坚定的，稳固的（加强语气）
using----现在分词做状语，强调一种方式
reward...with:用...来奖赏某人
【Specialdifficulties】P72
Completethentencesusingthecorrectformofthefollowingverbs:do,save,wind,sail,wrap,button,go,eat.
55/209
1IfIcan_____upenoughmoney,Ishallgoabroad.
2Thesteamboat_____uptheriver.
3ItwasverycoldsoI_____upmycoatbeforegoingout.
4_____upwhatisonyourplateandI’llgiveyousomemore.
5I_____uptoapolicemanandaskedhimthewaytothestation.
6He_____thefishupinapieceofnewspaper.
7MywatchhasstoppedbecauIforgotto_____itup.
8Ittakeschildrenalongtimetolearnhowto_____uptheirshoelaces.
注：shoelace：鞋带
Key:
(gouptosb走到某人面前)
【Multiplechoicequestions】P72
Comprehension
1Whatdomostchildrendowiththemoneytheyaregiven?
titintheirpockets.
ituntiltheirmoneyboxesarefullbeforespendingit.
straighttoasweetshopandspendit.
endalittleofitonchocolate.
1.C
2Whenthewritergavehimfiftypence,George_____.
hearthewriter’sadvice
dthatsavingitwasmoretroublethanitwasworth
untilthenextdaybeforedecidingtospenditonsweets
forthesweetshop,butlostitonhisway
2.D
3OncethefirefightershadcometoGeorge’srescue_____.
hadhisarmgreadandwasabletogetitoutofthedrain
tookhisfirefightersandgotsomechocolateatthesweetshop
ywhohadfailedtorescueGeorgegavehimaboxofchocolates
wasrewardedbytheownerofthesweetshopforhistrouble
某物从某处取出来
3．A
Structure
4Fiftypenceisnot_____topayforabarofchocolate.(ll.6-7)
4．B
plenty仅用于肯定句中
much可用于肯定句，疑问句，否定句中
5Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvidhimhe_____it.(ll,9-10)
ing
h.
...
that引导的宾语从句中必须要出现should+动词原形的虚拟结构
Eg.:IadvimystudentsthattheyshouldreadEnglishformorethananhour.
6.B
6He_____tothesweetshopwhenhedroppedhisfiftypence.(ll.10-11)
ng
6.D
如果句中的when表达的概念是“就在这时”、“恰恰这时”、“正当此时”，那么其前的主句结构往往采用进行时
态
Eg.:IwashavingdinneratarestaurantwhenHarrysteelecamein.(二册L11)
7Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypenceanywhere_____gethisarmout.(ll.12-13)
hecouldnot
“也不”：neither/nor(用于句首句子必须倒装)
7．A
8Aladyput_____.(ll.13-14)
onsoapandbutter
rmwithsoapandbutter
8．C
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putsth.+(prep.)
Vocabulary
9Withsomechildren,smallsums_____.(ll.3-4)
value
9.A
durable:持久的，耐久的
10Acrowdofpeoplegathered_____andalady...(ll.13-14)
le
10．C
inturn:轮流地
cycle:周期，循环
circle圆圈，环状物
drawacircle,thecycleoftheasons
11Georgewas_____stuck.(l.14)
ans
wellandtruly:completely(口语用法)
烂醉如泥。
hardly几乎不
bynomeans无论如何决不
（innoway,onnoaccount,innon）
11．B
12Georgewasnottoo_____byhixperience.(l.15)
asd
12.B
moved移动，打动
excited激动
embarrasd窘迫
Eg.:Theylookateachotherembarrasd.他们困窘地互相注视对方。
distresd使难过，使悲伤
Eg.:Pleadon’tdistressyourlf.请你不要再忧愁了。
Hewasmostdistresdtohearthesadnews.他听到这悲伤的消息时十分地难过。
§Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb玛丽有一头小羔羊
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆prizeadj.珍贵的，宝贵的
◆tiev.拴，系
◆theftn.偷盗案
◆accuv.指控
◆denyv.否认
◆ashamedadj.感到羞耻，惭愧
◆apologizev.道歉
◆dyev.染
★prizeadj.珍贵的，宝贵的
可以表示“珍贵的，宝贵的”的词包括：prize，valuable，preclous,cherishable，dear
Eg.:Maryhasgotaprizelamb.
Thecatisprizetotheoldlady.
★tiev.拴，系
tiesthto
1．把…拴在…上
Eg:Itiethedogtoatree
2．与…有联系
Eg:Heistiedtohisfamily
3．n.领带；关系（强调血缘关系）
★theftn.偷盗行为，偷盗案
Eg.:Hereportsthethefttothepolice.
★accuv.指控
accusbofdoingsth因为某事指控某人,指控某人做了某事
Eg.:Heacciudhisneighbourofstealinghisbicycle.
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＝chargesbwithdoingsth
accu比charge语意弱：accu强调“严厉的指责”charge强调“控告”
★denyv.否认
denydoingsth.否认做了某事
Hedeniedstealingthelamb.
Hedeniedthetruth.
g百依百顺
Eg:Hedenieshiswifenothing
denyonelf:克制自己
Eg:Onsomeoccasionswemustdenyourlves.
★ashamedadj.感到羞耻，惭愧
beashamedof
Heisashamedofbeingadustman.
shameful:可耻的
Thetheftisshameful.
shameless:无耻的
Thethiefisashamelessperson.
★apologizev.道歉
apologizetosb.(forsth.)
apologyn.
★dyev.染
Dyetheclothblack.
【课文讲解】
inthetinyvillageof...在一个小小的山村
inthebigcityofBeijing
inthebeautifulcityofParis
posssion:所有物
Eg:WhatIposssisvaluable/Myposssionsarevaluable.我所拥有的一切都很值钱。
belonging:随身携带物（通常是用复数形式）
keep:使......处于某种状态
keep后的复合宾语（宾语补足语）可以是形容词、介词短语、分词
keep和过去分词搭配做宾语补足语，过去分词和宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
Ikeepmywindowsclod.
宾语补足语和宾语是主谓关系，那么宾语补足语是现在分词结构
Ikepttheboystandingoutside.
Itisobviousthat…显而易见
touttodosth.开始着手做某事
itwouldnotprovedifficult,是不难做到的
prove是连系动词，作“证明是”讲，本句子与itwouldnotbedifficult相同。
th.把某事告知某人
Eg.:Hetoldthepoliceaboutthetheft.
or:否则
Eg.:Hecan’tbeillorhewouldn’thavecome.
orel:(口语)否则……
Eg:tpromptly,orel….
Itistruethat...,but...诚然......,但是......
Eg.:Itistruethattheworkishard,butwe’llfinishitahead.
Ashamedofhavingactedsorashly,...其前省略了being,现在分词结构（形容词结构）做状语，此处相当于原
因状语，放在主句前后均可。
Angryateverybodyhere,heleftsuddenly.
Anxiousforaquickdecision,hecalledhisfriends.
Nervous,themanopenedtheletter.
【Specialdifficulties】
hadbetterdosth.
hadbetternotdosth.
ExerciP76
Rewritethefollowingntencesusinghadbetterinplaceofitwouldbeadvisable.
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1Itwouldbeadvisableforustohavelunch.
2Itwouldbeadvisableforhertorenewherpassport.
3Itwouldnotbeadvisableforyoutoasksomanyquestions.
4Itwouldnotbeadvisableforustostayanylonger.
5Itwouldbeadvisableforthechildrentogetanearlynight.
6Itwouldbeadvisableformetoconsultmysolicitor.
Key:
1Wehadbetterhavelunch.
2Shehadbetterrenewherpassport.
3Youhadbetternotasksomanyquestions.
4Wehadbetternotstayanylonger.
5Thechildrenhadbettergetanearlynight.
6Ihadbetteroconsultmysolicitor.
注：solicitor律师，法律顾问
【Multiplechoicequestions】P76
Comprehension
1Everyevening,Maryudtogoand_____.
lambfromtheropeithadbeentiedon
helambsoitcouldwanderinthefieldatnight
erlambbackhomeforthenight
rethatherlambwasnotmissing
1.C
2Itwouldnotbedifficulttofindthethiefbecau_____.
bhadbeenoneofMary’sprizeposssions
avelsfastinasmallcommunity
ihadalotoffriendsinthevillage
nwouldsoonwashtheblackdyeoffthelamb
2.B
community:社区village
3WhenAlekofirstshowedDimitrithelambinhisbackyard_____.
ruthfulabouthowhehadacquiredhelambbutnotaboutitscolour
iadmittedthatthelambcouldnotbehiswife’s
learthatthelambhadbeendyedblack
tedtorainbeforeDimitrihadtimetoidentifythelambashis
3.B
Structure
4MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinPerachora,_____tinyvillageinsouthernGreece.(ll.1-2)
.a
4.D
5----wasalittlewhitelambwhichhadbeen_____fromherhusband.(ll.2-3)
nt
prent-->abnt
prented+to/with
WhenMrBrownleftfirm,thedirectorprentedagoldwatchtohim.
aprentfromsb.
Eg.;Thegoldwatchwasprentfromthedirector.
5.D
6Onherhusband’sreturn,_____whathadhappened.(ll.7-8)
iwastold
6.C
7----itwouldnotprovedifficultinavillageof_____size.(ll.8-9)
la
sosmallasizeorsuchasmallsize
7.D
8Hetoldhimifhe_____it,hewouldcallthepolice.(l.11)
returned
8.B
Vocabulary
9OneofMary’smost_____posssions...(l.2)
ive
9.A
valuedadvice宝贵的忠告
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valuedfriend珍贵的朋友
worthwhile值得的
Eg.:Anyexerciisworthwhile.
Studyinghardisworthwhile.
worthy:配得上的
Eg.:Thechainisworthyofthewatch.
Hisdeedsareworthyofourprai.他的行为值得我们表扬。
10After_____thethefttoveralofhisfriends...(l.9)
ng
tellsomebodyaboutsomething
10B
reportsomethingtosomebody
11Duringtheir_____,itbegantorain.(ll.13-14)
11.C
talk==conversation
12Whenhewent____halfanhourlater...(ll.14-15)
out
12.A
outofdoors---outside反义词：indoors
intheopenair在野外，在露天
insideout:里外反穿
Eg.:Heputhissocksoninsideout.他把袜子穿反了。
§Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld世界上最长的吊桥
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆suspensionn.悬，吊
◆agreeableadj.宜人的
◆situationn.地点，地方
◆locatev.位于
◆immortaladj.永生的，流芳百世的
◆Brooklynn.布鲁克林（纽约一区名）
◆Statenn.斯塔顿（岛）
◆spann.跨度
◆cablen缆索
◆concreten.混泥土
◆suspendv.悬挂
◆lengthn.根，段
◆estimatev.估计
◆immensityn.巨大
◆capacityn.承受量
◆elegantadj.优美别致的
◆faintlyadv.微细地
★suspensionn.悬，吊
suspensionbridge吊桥
suspend:悬挂
Eg.:Thelightissuspendedfromtheceiling.
暂停
Eg.:Thetrainwassuspendedbecauoftheheavyrain.
suspen:n.担心，挂念，悬念
Eg.:Thewonderfulfilmgivemeadeepimpressionbecauofitssuspen.
Hedidn’ttellusthetruthincaptomeinsuspenallday.
suspenders吊袜带
★agreeableadj.宜人的
Todayisagreeable.
agreeablesituation
Hishouisinaagreeablesituation.
★situationn.地点，地方
location
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situatev.
locatev.
BeijingislocatedintheNorthofChina.
JapanislocatedtotheEastofChina.
islocatedto...
★locatev.位于
★immortaladj.永生的，流芳百世的
★Brooklynn.布鲁克林（纽约一区名）
★Statenn.斯塔顿（岛）
★spann.跨度
★cablen缆索
★concreten.混泥土
★suspendv.悬挂
★lengthn.根，段
★estimatev.估计
underestimate低估
overestimate高估
Eg.:Ataroughestimate,thecarisworth500thousandRMB.
estimationn.判断
inmyestimation
★immensityn.巨大
★capacityn.承受量
Areyouclearaboutthecapacityofthecinema?
做某事的能力
haveacapacityfordoingsth.
haveacapacitytodo
ability成功地做到了
Wehaveabilitytofinishtheworkintwodays.
capability内在的潜力
havecapabilitytodo
havecapabilityofdoing
Anychilehascapabilityoflearningaforeignlaungugewell.
Anychilehascapabilitytolearnaforeignlaungugewell.
faculty侧重于“主观的能力”
thefacultyofeing
thefacultyofhearing
competence胜任工作的能力、资格
Ihavecompetenceforthejob.
★elegantadj.优美别致的
Theladyilegant.
graceful:强调一个人的体型
elegant:还表示人的举止很得体，大方
delicate:精致的
★faintlyadv.微细地
【课文讲解】
sailedinto..----句子的主干
aboutwhom----Italian
把......描绘成......，认为......
常见的动词有：e,view,lookupon,recoginze,regard,treat,accept
Eg.:Ishoulddescribetheattemptasafailure.
Hismotherregardshimasgenius.
Iaccepthiswordsastrue.
locatedwithintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichflowedagreatriver位于两座小山之间，一条大河滔滔流过。
located...是过去分词短语作定语，修饰situation;
inthemidstofwhich引导一个定语从句，which指twosmallhills。句子结构要倒装（flowed在agreatriver
之前）
inthemidstof,在......之中。
inthemidstoftwosmallhillsflowedagreatriver
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Agreatriverflowedinthemiddleofthetwohills.
inthemiddleofthenight==atmidnight
inthemiddleofthewinter
inthemiddleofthesummer
Ilikethevillagelocatedwithintwosmallhills.
Eg.:我们来到了一个农庄，在这个农庄的前面有一座大山。
tofwhichisamountain.动词位于主语之前
though/although/eventhough引导让步状语从句
用了though,although不能使用but,yet可以用——强调转折关系。
bynomeans决不，绝对不（加强语气）
E.:Itisbynomeanspleasanttotakeacrowdedbus.乘坐一辆拥挤的公交车无论如何不是一件令人高兴的事。
notbyanymeans
notatall
Heisn’tsatisfiedwithajobatall.
innoway
innoca
innon
innocircumstances
remainimmortal
benamedafter
benamedfor
takeone’snamefrom
aspanof:跨度，桥长
takeintoaccount/takeintoconsideration/takeaccountof考虑到
Eg.:Wehavetotakethedateintoaccountwhenwehavethemeeting.
support:holdup支撑
extend延伸，伸展
arailwayextendstothenextcity
extendtoadepthof深度
extendtoalengthof长度
extendtoawidthof宽度
rito上升的高度
which指代先行词cables
Ithasbeenestimated/expectedthat…据估计
Itissaid
Itisreported
Ithasbeenestimated/expected
bepackedwith...作“挤满......;装满......”解
were虚拟语气
carry承载
athird三分之一
immensity----size
despite==inspiteof
fulfilling:分词做状语表结果
Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,causingthedelay.
herhusbanddiedin1970,leavingherwithtwochildren.
Atlasthepasdhixamination,fulfillinghisdreamtogoabroad.他终于通过了这次考试，实现了出国的梦想
（现在分词做结果状语，表示一种主动的概念。）
【Specialdifficulties】P80
Heisbynomeansconsideredtobeagreatexplorer.(ll.4-5)动词不定式（compareISD84）(对比第二册第84课难
点)
Insteadofsaying:Ifindthatheisquiteunsuitableforthejob.
Wecansay:Ifindhimtobequiteunsuitableforthejob.
好多动词后面既可以跟宾语从句，又可以和动词不定式to搭配连用，其意义无差别。常见的动
词如下：
believe,consider,find,declare,feel,know,suppo,think,presume,estimate,understand
Eg.:Iconsiderthatheisthebestcandidate.
Iconsiderhimtobethebestcoadidate.
Weestimatedthatthispictureisworthatleast500pounds.
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Weestimatedthispicturetobeworthatleast500pounds.
【Multiplechoicequestions】P80
Comprehension
1Verrazano’snamewillprobablyremainimmortalbecau_____.
fterhediscoveredNewYorkHarbourthatabridgewasbuilt
dtheriverthatthenewbridgecross
nexploredofconsiderablemeans
eengiventotheworld’slongestsuspensionbridge
1.D
thelongestsuspensionbridgewasnamedafterVerrazaro.
2TheVerrazanoBridgewasbuiltwithsowideaspanbecau_____.
ocoverawidestretchofwater
nusualshapeoftheeartharoundBrooklynandStatenIsland
erthatliesbetweenBrooklynandStatenIslandisverydeep
berofwiresineachcableissogreat
2.A
awidestretchofwater连续不断的水域
3IndesigningtheVerrazanoBridge,OthmarAmmann_____.
ccountforthecurvatureoftheearth’ssurface
verayearbuildingtheplatformsthatformthebridge’sba
onsiderthenumberofvehiclesthatmightcrossthebridgeasmuchaspossible.
toreducethesizeofthebridgeasmuchaspossible
3．A
Thebridgeissolongthattheshapeoftheearthhadtobetakenintoaccountbyitsdesigner.
accountfor考虑
takeaccountof/takeintoaccount
curvature弯曲度
Structure
4Hedescribedit_____situated.(ll.2-3)
yagreeabletobe
reeablyasbeing
4.A
situatied动词过去分词接受agreeably的限定
5TheVerrazanoBridge,_____thedesignofOthmarAmmann.(l.8)
n
5．A
6Thelengthofthebridgeis_____theshaeoftheearth.(ll.9-10)
6.B
强调桥梁的长度就是如此，所以地球的形状被考虑suchthat
7Thetowersarebuilton_____whicharesunkbeneaththewater.(ll.0-11)
emadeofferro-concretelatforms
ferro-concreteplatforms
重点突出platforms
7.D
不能用连接词andimmenadj.描述性形容词用于物质名词的前面
8Evenifthebridgewerepackedwithcars,itcouldstill_____threetimestheload.(ll.14-15)
thoload:thetotalcapacity
can不能与beableto搭配连用
can+动词原形，表示一般的能力
8．D
Vocabulary
9‘averyagreeablesituationwithtwosmallhillslying_____.’(ll.3-4)
side
9．A
either表示两者中的每一方的
Hesatinthecarwithapolicemanoneithersideofhim.
oneithersideofthestreet
63/209
eitheradj.修饰名词的单数形式
bothadj.修饰名词的复数形式
everyadj.用于三者或三者以上，all
ineverydirection/inalldirections
sidebyside肩并肩的，并排
Thetwobottlesstoodsidbysideonthetable.
walksidebyside
10TheVerrazanoBridge_____BrooklynwithStatenIsland.(l.8)
s
10.C
linkwith/jointo
attachto把......牢牢地系上
Sheattachedachecktotheorderform.
relateto(with)表示在......之间建立联系
Ican’trelatewhatyousayhappenedwithwhatIsaw.
11Abridgewhichishungfromcablesisknownasa_____bridge.(ll.12-13)
der
11.C
suspensionbridge吊桥
suspended推迟的，延期的
Thejudgegavehimasuspendedntence.法官判了他缓刑。
suspen担心，不安，悬念
Thecompetitorsinthebeautycontestwerekeptinsuspenwaitingfortheresult.
suspender吊索，吊袜带
12Ifthebridgewereloadedwithasmanycarsasitcould_____,itwouldstill…(ll.14-5)
12．D
take容纳，装载
Thetankwilltakeabouttwelvegallons.
sustain支撑，承受住
Idon’tthinkthisfloorwillsustaintheweightofthegrandpiano.
endure经受，承受痛苦、苦难
receive收到
§Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart现代艺术中的电流
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆currentn.电流
◆sculpturen.雕塑
◆mistakenadj.错误的
◆galleryn.美术馆
◆exhibitn.展品，陈列品
◆oddlyadv.古怪的
◆attachv.连，系
◆spheren.球体
◆magnetizev.使磁化
◆repelv.排斥
◆flickerv.闪烁
◆emitv.放射
◆flashv.闪光
◆prehistoricadj.史前的，老掉牙的
◆electronicadj.电子的
◆peculiaradj.奇异的
◆shockv.令人震惊，刺激人
◆emotionallyadv.感情上
★currentn.电流
wofelectricity电流
acontinuousmovementofwater水流
adj.目前的，现在的；currentaffairs时事
64/209
currencyn.流通（货币）
currentlyadv.普遍地，通常地，现在，当前
★sculpturen.雕塑
sculpturaladj.雕刻的，雕刻般的
sculptorn.雕刻家
★mistakenadj.错误的
ect;wrong;misunderstood
Eg.:n’tusimpleplainlanguageandheisoftenmistaken.
makeamistake/bymistake弄错了
Hetookmyumbrellabymistake.
andnomistake确实如此(口语)
Eg:Heishonestandnomistake.
mistakevt.
把某人误认为
Eg.:Yesterday,Imistookhimformyclassmate.
★galleryn.美术馆
★exhibitn.展品，陈列品
exhibit:showinpublic
exhibitionn.展览会
Eg.:Yesterdaywewenttoanexhibitiontovisitexhibits.
★oddlyadv.古怪的
oddly:strangely
oddadj.古怪的
strangeadj.因为陌生而奇怪的
queeradj.奇特的
Eg.:Look,heiswearingaqueerhat.
fantasticadj.奇妙的
eccentricadj.怪癖的；Heisaneccentricperson.
★attachv.连，系
attachvt.系，拴，粘上，贴上
attachto
Eg.;heattachedthelambtoatree.
.因为某事而把......加在某人身上
Eg.:Wedidn’tattachblametohimforhisfailure.
attachimportancetosth.对某事非常重视
Eg.:Weattachimportancetoeducation.
beattachedtosth.喜欢，喜爱
Eg.:I’mveryattachedtoher.
attachmentn.固定，爱慕，友情，附着
★spheren.球体
★magnetizev.使磁化
magnetizedvt.
Eg.:Theironwasmagnetized.
Hespeechmagnetizedthelisteners.
★repelv.排斥
repelvt.:todriveback;caufeelingsofdislike
Eg.:thedifferentxesattracteachotherandthesamexesrepelonthecontrary.
Letmegoatonce,yourepelme.让我走，你真让我恶心。
★flickerv.闪烁
★flashv.闪光
nsteadily
oramoment
★emitv.放射
f
emitsound/emitsmell/emitlight/emitheat/emitsmoke
★prehistoricadj.史前的，老掉牙的
eandunusual
Eg.:Thefoodhaspeculiartaste.
65/209
I’mfeelingratherpeculiar.
★electronicadj.电子的
◆peculiaradj.奇异的
andunusual
Eg.:Thefoodhaspeculiartaste.
I’mfeelingratherpeculiar.
◆shockv.令人震惊，刺激人
getshocked受震动
Atthenews,hegotshocked.
shockn.震惊；getabigshock
◆emotionallyadv.感情上
emotionaladj.易激动的，情绪的，感情脆弱的
Eg.:Ithinkyouagreewithme,womenareoftensaidtobemoreemotionalthanmen.
反义词unemotional
emotion:n.感情：
Eg.:love,hatred,andgriefareemotions.
feelingn.某时的内心感受
Eg.:Ican’tdescribemyfeelingnow.
emotiveadj.引起情绪反应的
Thewordhomeismoreemotivethanhou.
emotionally;emotional;unemotional;emotive;emotion;feeling
【课文讲解】
rarely:ldom
Wearenotsurpridatmodensculpture...
that引导同位语从句，修饰限定theidea的内容。
Eg.:TheideathatonecanlearnEnglishwellinEnglish-speakingcountryesismistaken.
重点句式结构
whotakenointerestinart修饰说明people
takeinterestin对......感兴趣
takedelightin对......感到高兴
takepridein对......感到骄傲
showinterestin显示对......的兴趣
cannot;failedto双重否定意味着肯定；加强语气
hemusthavepasdhixaminationlastweek.
Hecannothavefailedtopasshsiexaminationlastweek.
Youmustkeepyourpromi.
Youcan’tfailtokeepyourpromi.
Ondisplay/onshow
Wecanesculptureverywhere.
用夸张的口吻表明事实
inspiteofthis尽管如此
作者表明了自己的观点
重点句型
ThefirstthingIsawwhenIenteredtheartgallerywasanoticewhichsaid:
Thefirstthing...wasanoticewhichsaid...
定语从句省略that
Thesculpturecanmove
Oddly...
Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspendedfromtheceilingandmoveinrespontoagustofwindarequitefamiliarto
everybody.
Oddly...that...
that引导的定语从句用来限定shapedforms
are...familiarto...谓语
句子主干：Oddlyshapedformsarefamiliartoeverybody
that定语从句中：inresponto/inreactionto作为对......的反应
befamiliartosb.对某人来说很熟悉
Eg.:Thehouisfamiliartohim.
66/209
Idon’treallyrememberwhereIhaveenhimbefore,buthelooksveryfamiliartome.
befamiliarwith熟悉，熟知
Eg.:AreyoufamiliarwiththeplayofShakespeare?
I‘mfamiliarwiththatbooktoo.
befamiliartosb./befamiliarwithsth.
linedup过去分词做状语，与longthinwires为被动关系
attachedtometakspheres过去分词做定语，修饰longthinwires
定语从句
therewerelongthinwiresthatwereattachedtometalspheres.
thercenterofthehall展厅的中央
colouredlights彩色灯泡
continuouslyadv.不停止的
gamad发疯，发狂runmad
Eg.:hemusthavegonemadtodosuchathing.
onandoff:continuously
Eg:Ithasbeenrainingonandoffsincenoon.
Itwasratherlike===Itwasmorelike看起来更像
Keystructure
...notonlyemeddesignedtodosth.
notonly...but...aswell
em系动词+名词/形容词/分词
Keystructure
介词（IKS94）(参见第二册第94课关键句型)
Exerci
efertothepassageuntilyoufinishtheexerci.
1Evenpeoplewhotakenointerest_____artcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodernsculpture_____
displayinpublicplaces.
2Wehavegotquiteud_____them.
3Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspended_____theceilingandmove_____respon_____agustofwindare
quitefamiliar_____everybody.
4Therewerelongthinwiresattached_____metalspheres.
Key:/on;/in/
SpellinginSpecialdifficulties
以元音加y结尾的名词，加s时，y不做任何改变；动词也是如此
day—daysway—waynjoy—enjoysbuy—buys
以辅音加y结尾的词，加s时，y改作-ies
lady—ladiesberry—berriesreply—replies
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Modernsculpturerarelysurrisusanymorebeau_____.
notinmuums,weeitinandaroundotherpublicplaces
epeople’slackofinterestinart,itisutondisplay
notonlydisplayitintheirhousbutintheirgardensalso
shavebeenexhibitingiffornearlyeightyyears
1.A
2Whatsurpridthewriterwhenhevisitedarecentexhibitionofmodernsculpture?
tthatpeoplewereforbiddentotouchtheexhibits.
lyshapedformsthatweresundedfromtheceiling.
inwhichelectricalenergywasudtoproducemobileeffects.
historicelectronicequipmentudtoactivatetheexhibits.
2.C
3Thepiecesofsculptureondisplayattheexhibitionwere_____.
dbecautheyweredangerous
hungonwiresorbuiltintothemiddleofthehall
ringcontinuouslywithdifferentcolouredlights
atonecouldnotpassthemunnoticedthoughitemedwirtopassthemuntouched
3.D
onecouldnotpassthemunnoticed
ced
ThedressissobeautifulthatIcan’tpassitunnotied.
67/209
Structure
4----‘modern’ieces_____ondisplaynearlyeightyyearsago.(ll.6-7)
n
4.C
eightyyearsago
5ThefirstthingIsaw_____totheartgallery…(l.9)
arrived
5.C
attheentrancearrivealin/at
6Thenoticeprohibitedpeople_____theexhibits.(ll/9-10)
ouch
prohibit:阻止、禁止prohibitsbfromdoingsth重点强调法律或条例明文禁止h.
6.C
7Theshereshadbeenmagnetized_____attractedorreelledeachother…(l.13)
rthatthey
sothat表示目的和结果
7．A
8Thepeculiarforms_____toshockpeopleemotionallyandto…(ll.17-18)
bothdesigned
designedboth
both...and
8.D
Vocabulary
9----formsthataresundedfromtheceilingandmove_____are…(ll.10-11)
lightestbreath
9.D
atoneblow强调一次重击
allofasudden--->suddenly突然，出乎意料地
withalighttouch以轻松愉快的格调
10Smallblackboxes_____sparks…(l.15)
ff
gaveoff
10.A
11Therewereanumberoftallstructures_____indifferentcolours.(l.14)
g
11.B
illuminate:照亮
alightedvi.下来，下车
形容词相当于burning
12Thepeculiarformsnotonlyemed_____toshockpeople…(ll.17-18)
d
12.C
Thebookisdesigned/intendedforEnglishlearners.
beintendedfor
draw:画drawapicture支取
§Lesson19Averydearcat一只贵重的宝贝猫
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆dearadj.亲爱的，珍贵的；昂贵的
◆kidnappern.者，拐骗者
◆considerableadj.相当大的
◆wealthyadj.富的，有钱的
◆orderlyadj.有规律的
◆disappearancen.失踪
◆anonymousadj.匿名的
◆ransomn.赎金
◆cardboardn.硬纸板
◆withdraw(withdrew,withdrawn)v.（从银行）取钱
◆punctuallyadv.准时地
◆astoundv.使吃惊
68/209
★dearadj.亲爱的，珍贵的；昂贵的
Ican’taffordthecarbecauit’stoodear.
Thecatisdeartome.
costsbdear花了某人很多钱
★kidnappern.者，拐骗者
kidnap
★★★considerableadj.相当大的
aconsiderablebusiness大规模企业
Hehasgotaconsiderablesuccess.
considerablyadv.
It’sconsiderablycoldertodaythanyesterday.
considerateadj.体贴的
beconsideratetosb对某人很体贴入微
Areyouconsiderateyouwife?
considered经过考虑的
It’smyconsideredopinion.这是我经过考虑的看法。
allthingsconsidered就各方面而言
Eg:Allthingsconsidered,hefinishedtheworkwell.
consideringprep&conj.&adv.
Eg.:Consideringhisage,thelittleboyreadsverywell.
considering(that)
consideringadv.
HestudiesEnglishwell,considering.
★wealthyadj.富的，有钱的
★orderlyadj.有规律的
★disappearancen.失踪
★anonymousadj.匿名的
★ransomn.赎金
payransomtosb.
Theoldladypaidaransomofonethousandpoundstothekidnapper.
holdsbtoransom绑票（索取赎金）
Theykidnappedtheboyandheldhimtorensom.
★cardboardn.硬纸板
★withdraw(withdrew,withdrawn)v.（从银行）取钱
★punctuallyadv.准时地
notearlynorlate
punctualadj.
punctualityn.
★astoundv.使吃惊
语意程度比surpri要强得多
吃惊程度astoud>amaze>astonish>surpri
Hewasastoundedtohearofherdeath.
Theywereamazedtofindthelazygirlcameveryearly.
surprising---->surprid
【课文讲解】
ldomtakeinterestin
takegreatinterestin
.
Isharetheroomwithmyfriend.
foralongtime
disciplinedregular
takeashortwalkgoforastroll
however
lookforfind
after可以和名词搭配
Threedaysafter~arrival
state;非常正式的声明
instruct:order
69/209
beinstructedtodosth.
Thejournalistwasinstructedtoobtain...
fearing现在分词做原因状语
makeitcleartosbthat
TheteacherhasmadeitcleartousthatwemustreadEnglishaloudeveryday.
keephispromi
word表示诺言时，要采用单数形式
’sword
asgoodasone'sword表示守信用，侧重点在于强调一个结果
gobackonone'sword食言
sureenough果然，无疑
Isaidwouldhappen,andsureenoughitdidhappen.
halfabottleofmilk
inmorewaysthanone(way)inmanyways
双重意义：dearprice昂贵；expensive珍贵
用英语练习将此故事讲给朋友听。
【Specialdifficulties】
Thecomma逗号的用法
三个或三个以上的词、短语或句子只用一个并列连接词来连接，他们之间就要用逗号，并列连接词前也要用
逗号；插入语或同位语前后必须用逗号分开；状语从句位于句首时也要用逗号和主句分隔开来，放在句尾则
不需要；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号分开；语次转变词也应该用逗号将其和句子其他成分分开；介词短语
和分词短语位于句首时也必须加逗号加以分隔。
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
’scatbecau_____.
couldandwouldayalottogetheronlycompanionback
clearlylovedhercattohavekepthimsolong
wasanorderlycatandwoulddbeeasytolookafterifkdnapped
misdhercatwheneverhewasnotbackhomeontime
1．A
couldwould
2OnwhatconditionsdidthekidnapperpromithesafereturnofRastus?
ewasnottoberevealedandhewantedaransomof￡1,000.
wasnottoinformthepoliceandhadtopay￡1,000.
hadtoleaveherflatuntiltheboxwiththemoneyhadgone.
wastowithdraw￡1,000fromherbankandfollowhisinstructions.
2.B
inmorewaysthanone?
veryfondofhimandithadcostheralotofgethimback.
sthehighransompaidonhisbehalf,hedrankalotofmilk.
odearthatshehadnotdaredtellthepoliceofthekidnapping.
eryvaluableandshevaluedhimgreatly.
3.A
Structure
rRamsayisaverywealthyladywho_____aflatwithhercatRastus,foragreatmanyyears.(ll.2-4)
red
foragreatmanyyears
4.B现在完成时
5Shearchedforhimbutcouldnotfindhim_____.(ll.7-8)
re
5．D
6Herfirstreaction_____thepolice.(ll.11-12)
ocall
根据语法规则，当主语是ambition,goal,hope,idea,intention,mistake,plan,policy,purpo,reaction,suggestion
等名词的时候，句子的表语必须是to不定式短语，该不定式短语是说明其内容的。
Hispurpoinlifewastoektruthinsteadofmoney.
6.A
_____nevereingRastusagain,shechangedhermind.(ll.12-13)
70/209
for
fearing
7.B
forfear+of/that
Theyareworkinghardforfearthattheyshouldfail.
afraidfor侧重点表示为......感到担心，害怕失去
8Considering_____moneyshepaid,hewasdear…(ll.17-18)
otof
8．D
Vocabulary
9Rastusleadsa_____life.(l.4)
lined
measured:慎重的，有节奏的
regular:强调有规则的
9．D
10Heususllygoes_____intheevenings…(ll.4-5)
goonatrek进行艰苦的拔涉
goforastroll==goforawalk
trot小跑
I’mgoingforatrotdownthelane.
11_____,Rastusarrivedpunctually…(l.15)
teroffact
11.C
sureenough====Axpected
withoutadoubt毫无疑问
12Heapearedvery_____,though…(ll.15-16)
12．A
satisfied满意的
good-looking长相好看的
sane明智的
§Lesson20Pioneerpilots飞行员的先驱
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆pioneern.先驱
◆lordn.对（英国）贵族的尊称；勋爵
◆Calaisn.加来（法国港市）
◆overlandadj.陆上的
★pioneern.先驱
youngpioneer
同义词advocate倡导者
pioneeradulteducation
★lordn.对（英国）贵族的尊称；勋爵
lordless无郡主的
lordship
lordly昂迈的
duke公爵
marquis侯爵
earl伯爵
viscount子爵
baron男爵
★Calaisn.加来（法国港市）
★overlandadj.陆上的
overnight一夜之间的
overpopulated人口众多的
overas海外的
over+动词表示超过
Eg:overeat,吃多了
71/209
oversleep睡过头了
overwork工作过量
overcharge索要价钱过高
overestimate过高估计
【课文讲解】
背诵：In1908LordNorthcliffeofferedaprizeof&1000tothefirstmanwhowouldflyacrosstheEnglishChannel.
thefirstmantoflyacross...
序数词和动词不定式to搭配连用中以代替其后的定语从句
Shewastheonlyonetosurvivetheplanecrash.
如果before所引导的时间状语从句之前出现段时间，则最佳翻译方法：才。。。
offeraprizeofsth(奖励)tosb给予某人……奖励
Eg:Heofferedaprizeof1,000tothefirstmanwhoflycrosstheEnglishChannel.
attemptinone'sattempt
Eg:Shefailedinherattempttoswimthetunnel.
makeanattempton尝试，试图
makeanattempttodo尝试，试图
makenoattept没有……企图，尝试
atthatmoment
failed:breakdown
fail失败，忽视
Shefailedtowintheprize.
beforcedtodo被迫做……
pickup
withaplane:with具有、带有
hadbeenmakingplanes
背熟：Aweekbefore,hehadcompletedasuccessfuloverlandflightduringwhichhecoveredtwenty-sixmiles.
duringwhich----duringflight
Itlookedasif：似乎，看起来
Itlookedasiftherewouldbeaheavystorm.
makeashorttestflight
makeanotherattempt
介词和关系代词搭配连用，当定语从句的关系代词是介词的宾语时，能够把可移位的介词提前放在关系代词
的前面。（正式）
在非正式问题和口语当中，介词一般要放在从句的末尾
定语从句中介词位置
决定介词位置的4个因素:
1．如果是口语，介词位于句尾，同时关系代词可以省略。
2．非正式问题，介词位于从句句尾。
3．有些动词+介词，合成词组被看成是不可分割的语言单位，这个时候介词必须紧跟动词，不可移动
takeafteraccountfor
4．在很多情况下，介词和关系代词构成独立的介词短语，在句中起状语作用，与从句的谓语动词毫无关系，
而不是谓语动词的一部分，这时介词始终位于关系代词之前
Eg:Hedescribeditasaveryagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhills
Inthemidstoftwosmallhills,flowedagreatriver.
Eg:Hedescribeditasaveryagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichflowedagreat
river.(inthemidstof跟后面的谓语动词flow没有任何关系)
receivedananonymousletterinwhichthewriterstatedthatRastuswasinsafehands.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
请完成难点中的练习题
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1InHubertLatham’sfirstattempttoflytheEnglishChannel_____.
rthcliffeofferedaprizeof￡1,000
inefailedwithonlyenmilestogobeforereachingDover
nedevelopedenginetroubleonlyvenmilesaftertake-off
tharmandhisplanewererescuedbyapassingship
72/209
1.C
2WhenBleriotmadehissuccessfulcrossing_____.
lyingaplanehehadmadein1905
lreadyflownoverlandthedistanceacrosstheEnglishChannel
utforDoverhalfanhourbeforeLathamdid
rrestedassoonashelandedinEngland
2.B
3Lathamfailedathiscondattemptbecau_____.
otgetupearlyenough
omakeanotherforcedlanding
gotwithinhalfamileofDover
nehadnotbeenrepairedproperly
makeanotherforcedlanding----迫降
3．B
Structure
4Thefirstman_____acrosstheEnglishChannelwouldreceiveLordNorthcliffe’sprize.(ll.1-2)
flown
序数词和不定式搭配连用
4．C
5Thefirstattempt_____overayearlater.(ll.2-3)
euntil
nottillnotuntil
5.A
6He,too,_____nearCalaiswithanew‘Antoinette’.(ll.10-11)
djust
6.C
当谓语动词有just修饰时，一般要使用完成时。
Hehasjustleft.
Eg:He,too,hadjustarrivednearCalaiswithanewplane.
7It_____tobeanexcitingraceacrosstheChannel.(ll.11-12)
ed
7.D
promid:有什么的可能，有发生的迹象——好
threat:凶兆
8Lathammadeanotherattemptaweeklater._____hegotwithinhalfamileofDover.(ll.14-15)
8．A
Vocabulary
9Hehadtravelled_____venmileswhen…(ll.5-6)
of
nofurther:修饰距离
nolonger:修饰时间或长度
nomore:修饰某物
Eg:Icanwalknofurther.我再也走不动了。
Henolongerlivershere.他不再住这儿了。
Icaneatnomore.我再也吃不下任何东西了。
9．C
10The‘Antoinette’_____untilLathamwaspickedup…(l.7)
ewaves
10．D
rodethewaves在水面上漂浮，冲浪前进
Eg:Theshiprodethewaves.
holdwater:论点，观点站得住脚，说得通(多用语疑问句和否定句)
Eg:Whatyousaiddoesn'tholdwater.
watertightadj.密封的，无懈可击的，watertightbox密封盒；awatertightplan密封的计划
11Aftermakingashorttestflight,Bleriottoffatquarter_____five.(ll.12-13)
11．A
12His_____flightlastedthirty-venminutes.(ll.13-14)
able
73/209
immen:修饰面积大得难以测量
grand:宏伟的
12．D
§Lesson21DanielMendoza丹尼尔·门多萨
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
●boxingn.拳击
●boxern.拳击手
●bareadj.赤裸的
●prizefightern.职业拳击手（尤指古时赤手拳击手）
●crudeadj.粗野的
●marquisn.侯爵
●technicallyadv.严格根据法律意义地
●sciencen.科学
●popularityn.名望
●adorev.崇拜，爱戴
●alikeadv.一样地
●famen.名声
●eminentadj.著名的，杰出的
●bitterlyadv.厉害地
●bet(bet,bet;betted,betted)v.打赌
●academyn.专业学校
●extravagantadj.浪费的，奢侈
●povertyn.贫困
■boxingn.拳击
■boxern.拳击手
■bareadj.赤裸的
bareuncovered
bare(部分的)赤裸
barefist赤手空拳
barefoot光着脚的
barehanded光着手的
barelegged光着腿的
naked全裸
He’swalkinginbarefeet.
Heisnaked.
nudeadj.光秃秃的；n.裸体（雕象，油画）
anudehillside光秃秃的山坡
■prizefightern.职业拳击手（尤指古时赤手拳击手）
■crudeadj.粗野的
becrudetosb对……粗鲁，无理,rude语气比crude要弱
Heiscrudetothegirl.
■marquisn.侯爵
■technicallyadv.严格根据法律意义地
■sciencen.科学
■popularityn.名望
inpopularity受欢迎，受喜爱
Instantfoodsaregettinginpopularity.即食食品越来越受欢迎。
popularsongsareinpopularity.
popularwith受人喜爱
popularity名望，受人欢迎的状态
fame出名的名声famousadj.
reputation声誉
■adorev.崇拜，爱戴
Moreandmorepeopleadorethefamousadtress.
■alikeadv.一样地
Hewasadoredbyrich,andpooralike.
74/209
Theteacherisadoredbyboy,girlandalike.
■famen.名声
■eminentadj.著名的，杰出的
eminentscientist
distinguished
■bitterlyadv.厉害地
Itisblowingbitterly.
bitter:苦的、辛酸的、刺骨的
bitterpillsmayhavewholesomeeffects良药
■bet(bet,bet;betted,betted)v.打赌
betonsth.以...打赌
跟某人打赌
betone'sbottomdollaronsomebody对……孤注一掷
Hebethisbottomdollaronhislastattempt.
betonthewronghor对……做出了错误的判断
Ibet我肯定，我断言
■academyn.专业学校
■extravagantadj.浪费的，奢侈
extravaganthobit
thriftyfrugaleconomical
■povertyn.贫困
inpoverty在贫困当中
indigence贫困(正式)
destitution赤贫
penury诘据
【课文讲解】
inpopularity
foughtwithbarefists:赤手空拳的打斗
背熟：OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywasDanielMendozawhowasbornin1764.
oneofthemostfamouspeople
introduce:bringin
PotatoswereintroducedintoEuropefromSouthAmerica.
drewup:制定，起草
htodosth.
inhisfulltimeinhisgoodday
ritofame=becomefamous
attractsb.’ssttention==attracttheattentionofsb.
turnagainstsb与……反目成仇
verely
背熟：Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790thathefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampion.
asmuchas多达
indebt:欠债
本课重点：定语从句（限制性和非限制性）
【Multiplechoicequestions】P109
Comprehension
1RichardHumphriesofferedtotrainMendozabecau_____.
edtolearnthetechniquesthatMendozahadintroducedtoboxing
soyoung,Mendozahaddisplayedanunusualgraspofthegame
ttendedtheboxingmatchwhichledtoMendoza’arlyfame
nxioustoestablishhimlfasasuperiorboxertoMendoza
2AtthematchbetweenHumphriesandMendozaatStilton_____.
alostagreatdealofmoneytothepublic
nhour’sfightingHumphriesbecamechampionofEngland
alosttwicetoHumphries
umentbetweenthetwomenwasttledinfavourofHumphries
3Apartfromthemoneyheearnedatmatches,Mendoza_____.
alotfromtheAcademywhichhefoundedafterbecomingChampion
somuchmoneythathebecamearichman
75/209
ysupplementedhisincomebyteachingtheartofboxing
enenormoussumsbyLordByron
apartfrom:除了什么之外还有
Structure
4Inthodays,_____‘prizefighters’becautheyfoughtwithbarefistsforprizemoney.(ll.2-3)
recalledboxers
5Aprizefightercouldsufferariousinjuryor_____duringa…(ll.4-5)
nkilled
evencouldbekilled:could被省略了
6Mendoza_____boxingintoasport.(ll.8-9)
eatdealtochange
anged
7Hewassoextravagantthathe_____peoplemoney.(l.20)
aysowingto
原文：indelt
owemoneytopeople
owemoneytosb==owesbmoney
Vocabulary
8Oneofthemost_____inboxinghistorywas…(ll.6-7)
ativecharacters
personality:个性==character
image:偶像
9----afteraboxingmatchatthe_____youngageoffourteen.(l.11)
lly
exceptionally=>unusually：不同寻常的
marvellously=>wonderfully:奇妙的，奇异的
singly:单独的
unequally:独一无二的
Eg.:anexceptionallybeautifulgirl
10Mendoza’s_____tofamewasnotedbyRichardHumphries.(ll.11-12)
名词形式，名词所有格，ri:vi.&n.
11Humphriessoonbecamem____Mendoza’ssuccess.(ll.13-14)
dby
12Mendozafinally_____HumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.(ll.17-18)
beat=debeat
conquer:征服
gain:赢得，获得
win:赢得（比赛）
【KeytoMultiplechoicequestions】
1.B2.D3.C4.A5.A6.B7.B8.B9.C10.A11.A12.D
§Lesson22Byheart熟记台词
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
●runv.（戏剧、电影等）
●linesn.（剧本中的）台词
●partn.剧中的角色，台词
●falterv.支吾，结巴说
●cast(cast,cast)v.选派……扮演角色
●rolen.角色
●aristocratn.贵族
●imprisonv.关押
●Bastille.巴士底狱
●gaolern.监狱长，看守连演，连映
●colleaguen.同事
●curtainn.（舞台中的）幕布
●revealv.使显露
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●celln.单人监房，监号
●blankadj.空白的
●squintv.眯着（眼）看，瞄
●dimadj.昏暗
●siren.（古用法）陛下
●proceedv.继续进行
■runv.（戏剧、电影等）
Thefilmissosuccessfulthatitrunsforveralweeks.
■linesn.（剧本中的）台词
■partn.剧中的角色，台词
■faltervi.支吾，结巴说
stammer
Hehaspractidthepoemveraltimes,sohehasnocautofalter.
falterv.蹒跚而行（=stgger）
Hefalteredhome.
■cast(cast,cast)v.选派……扮演角色
●rolen.角色
Theactorwascastintheroleofhero.
■aristocratn.贵族
■imprisonv.关押
putsbimprison:关押
Hewasimprisonedfor10years.
imprisonment：n.
ntencesbtolifeimprisonment：判某人终生监禁
监狱：prison,jail,gaol
把……送进监狱
on==putsbinprison==throwsbintoprison
inprison坐牢
theprison监狱
Heisinprison/jail.
Heisbehindboars.
■Bastille.巴士底狱
■gaolern.监狱长，看守连演，连映
■colleaguen.同事
■curtainn.（舞台中的）幕布
■revealv.使显露
Thecrethasn’tbeenreveald.
reveal:揭露，揭穿，把什么露出来
Acurtainwasupandrevealedthebeautifulscenery.
disclo:揭发
discclothetruth
discover:发现
uncover:揭开具体的盖子
Averytightdressrevealsthebeautifulfigure.紧身的裙子露出了漂亮的身段。
revealabeladj.可展现的
revealer:探测器
■celln.单人监房，监号
■blankadj.空白的
■squint.眯着（眼）看，瞄
squintone'yes眯上眼睛
Eg.:Hesquintedhiyesandlookedattheletter.
pearat:眯着眼睛看
■dimadj.昏暗
TheroomistoodimsoIcan;treadtheletter.
gloomy:(天气，心情)抑郁的
Theweatherisgloomytoday.
Heisingloomymood.
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dusky:(天色)昏暗的
Towardveningisgettingdusky.
murly:（天色）漆黑的，黑暗的
Ican’tgooutatmurkynight.
misty:多雾的，迷蒙的
Thebuildingisoutofsightonsuchamistyday.
■siren.（古用法）陛下
■proceedv.继续进行
ularafterstopping
proceedto/with:进行继续某事
Let’sproceedtobusiness.
Youmustproceedwithyourwork.
proceedfrom从什么着手开始继续
Theyproceedfromlesson1.
proccedfrom起诉某人
Eg:Hedecidedtoproceedagainsthisneighbour.
【课文讲解】
byheart熟记台词
onend
1．==continuously:连续的，位于具体的时间之后
Eg:Hesatthereforhoursonend.
Wehadhardlyanythingtoeatfordaysonend.
2．==upright竖着
Eg:Thecat'sfurstoodonend.
Igotabigshocksomyhearstoodonend.我吓了一大跳，以致于毛骨悚然。
who=actor,关系代词做主语，不能省略
Eg.:Thestudentwhowasrequiredtorecitethepoem100timesisreallypoor.
learn/knowbyheart:把……牢记在心
Eg.:Thentenceissoimportantthatyoumustlearnitbyheart.
heartandsoul全心全意的，全身心的
Eg:Wervethestudentsheartandsoul
takeheart鼓起勇气，恢复信心
loheart失去信心
lohearttosb=givehearttosb:轻信于某人
Eg:Theboylosthishearttothegirl
putone'sheartintosth:致力于某事
Eg:Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人
haveone'sheartinone'sboots提心吊胆
Eg:Hehadhisheartinhisbootswhenhewentoutaloneatnight.
eventhough=evenif=though/although
ateachperformance=ateveryperformance
insist:坚决要求，suggest:建议，order:命令，demand:要求，require:要求
表示建议/要求/希望，和that宾语从句搭配，that从句必须出现should+动词原形的虚拟，should可以省略。
infull==fully=completely
playajoke(cheek)onsb:开某人玩笑
onthefinalact==inthelastact
with，独立主格结构
handto====passto把……递给某人
asusual
lookon旁观
anxious,形容词短语做伴随状况状语
stareat一眨不眨地
squinting:ing形式，做方式状语，伴随状况状语
prmptly==immediately
withthis说完这话
hurryoff
much,用来加强语气
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playajokeon开玩笑;playatrickon捉弄，单方面取乐
haveajokewithsb.和某人开玩笑，强调两人共同取乐
Eg.:Helaughsbestwholaughslast.笑到最后的才是笑得最好的。
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Whichofthefollowingproverbssuitsthegistofthestorybest?
hsbest,wholaughslast.
issilver,butsilenceisgolden.
foreyouleap.
’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.
2Theplayinwhichthetwoactorstookpart_____.
ahighlysuccessfulrunoftwentyyears
uttheplightofanobleman
iththeimprisonmentofthearistocrat
nperformedsooftenthataudienceswereboredbyit
endwith以......结束
3Whichstatementistrue?
Whenthearistocratwasprentedwithablanksheetofpaper,_____.
ovidthewordswhichhehadforgotten
lerwaagerlywaitingtotakethearistocrat’spart
endedthatthelightwasnotgoodenoughforhimtoreadby
dthegaolertofetchhimsomeglass
Structure
4Agaolerwouldcomeonstagewithaletter_____totheprisoner.(ll.7-8)
red
withaletter独立主格结构，只有动词不定式to有要做某事
倘若应用for,此句应改为withaletterfortheprisoner.
5Healwaysinsisted_____infull.(l.9)
ingitout
wouldhavetobewrittenout
insistthat+should
insiston+名词，动名词
d选项中would改为should
6--tofindoutifhe_____thecontentsoftheletterbyheart.(ll.10-11)
7Buthegave_____whichhadnotbeenwrittenoutinfull.(ll.13-14)
copy
givehimacopy
a表示任意的一份，the表示特指
a选项中thecopytohim改为acopytohim即可
8_____rememberawordoftheletter,sohereplied…(ll.17-18)
gaolercould
thegaolercouldnot
neither,nor用于句首，句子倒装
Vocabulary
9Thegaolerdecidedto_____hiscolleague.(l.10)
rickon
playajokeon开玩笑；playatrickon捉弄，单方面取乐
haveajokewithsb.和某人开玩笑，强调两人共同取乐
Eg.:I’vejusthadajokewithmyclassmate.
10Hewantedtoeifhisfellowactorhad_____learnthislines.(ll.10-11)
y
finally最后(用于句中)
lastly顺序上的最后
intheend强调最终失败的结果（用于句首或句尾）
Eg.:Heworkedharderandharder,butintheendhefailed.
conclusively总结的
11Then,_____abouthim,hesaid,…(l.16)
79/209
g
peerabout眯着眼睛看
Eg:Whenyouenteracinema,youoftenhavetopeerabout.
arch:搜寻，寻找：archforsth.
blink眨眼睛
stare:盯着看：stareat
12Agreeingthatthelightwasdim,thegaoler_____hewouldgethisglass.(l.18)
ed
informed表示正式的通知
【KeytoMultiplechoicequestions】
1.A2.C3.C4.C5.A6.C7.C8.A9.D10.D11.B12.C
§Lesson23Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison各有所爱
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
●poisonn.毒药
●illogicaladj.不合逻辑的，无章法的
●octopusn.章鱼
●delicacyn.美味，佳肴
●repulsiveadj.令人反感的，令人生厌的
●stomachn.胃
●turnv.感到恶心，翻胃
●fryv.油炸
●fatn.（动物、植物）油
●abun.辱骂，责骂
●snailn.蜗牛
●luxuryn.奢侈品，珍品
●associatev.联想到
●despiv.鄙视
●appealv.引起兴致
●showern.阵雨
●strolln.溜达，散步
●impuln.冲动
●dozenn.12个，一打
●fancyv.喜爱，喜欢
■poisonn.毒药
poisonn.&vt.
Hewaspoisonedbypesticide.
givepoisontosb/givepoisontosth.使某人或某事中毒
hateeachotherlikepoison彼此互相恨透
nameone’spoison
Nameyourpoison,plea.说出你要喝点什么酒啊。
What’syourpoison?你要喝什么酒？
■illogicaladj.不合逻辑的，无章法的
■octopusn.章鱼
■delicacyn.美味，佳肴
Eg.:Heconsideredchickentobeagreatdelicacy.
delicateadj.美味的，可口的，清淡的
deliciousadj.味道美的
■repulsiveadj.令人反感的，令人生厌的
disgustingadj.
Thedishisrepulsive.
■stomachn.胃
■turnv.感到恶心，翻胃
■fryv.油炸
fryv.:becookedinhotoil
friedegg煎鸡蛋
friedbread
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fringpan煎锅
fryup加热
Fryupthefood,plea.
fryinone'sownfat自作自受
haveotherfishtofry另有要事要做
Eg:Hello,Lucy,let'sgohavedinner.
That'sgoodidea,ouverymuch.
■fatn.（动物、植物）油
putonfat长胖，发胖
fatadj.胖的运用此adj.时常很不礼貌，因此用large,heavy,overweight替代。
■abun.辱骂，责骂
Don’tabuyourauthority.
Hegreetedhiswifewithastreamofabu.他骂妻子的声音不绝于耳。
■snailn.蜗牛
■luxuryn.奢侈品，珍品
Thediamondringisaluxurytome.
luxuriousadj.奢侈的，奢华的
aluxurioushotel
■associatev.联想到
tinone’smind
AwithB把……跟……联想到一起=connectwith.
Eg:Ican'tassociateyouwithyourwife.
Canyouassociatesnailswithdeliciousfood.
associatewith==connectwith==linkwith==beboundupwith
■despiv.鄙视
asworthless
Eg.:Wedespihimforacoward.我们把他看作一个懦夫。
lookdownupon鄙视，瞧不起
Eg:Don'tlookdownuponanyone.
■appealv.引起兴致
appealtosb引起某人兴趣
Eg:Eatingsnailsneverappealstome.
appeal上诉，呼吁
appealforsth.为某事而上诉
■showern.阵雨
■strolln.溜达，散步
lkingforpleasureinstreetoringarden.
goforastroll;takeastroll;==goforawalk;takeawalk
stroller散步的人
strollvi.
Heisstrollingalongtheroad.
ramble海岸，林中的漫步
Thecoupleareiramblingintheforest.
roam不安定的漂泊，徘徊
Thetramproamveryday.
wander流浪，徘徊
Hehasnothingtodo,soheiswanderingalongthestreet.
■impuln.冲动
impul:asuddenwishtodosth.
onimpul冲动的
Herushedouttocatchup(with)theladyonimpul.
bedrivenbyimpultodosth.情不自禁的做某事
Whydidyoudoit?
IshouldsayIwasdrivenbyimpultodoitlikethis.
impulsiveadj.冲动的
impulsivelyadv.冲动地
■dozenn.12个，一打
dozen:agroupoftwelve
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bythedozen成打的
dozensof许多的
twodozeneggs，adozenros.(其用法和hundred,thousand一样)
adozenofthe(the)ros这些玫瑰中的一打
数词+dozen+物品：……打……（物品）
Speaknineteentothedozen说个不停
Eg.:Theoldladyisspeakingnineteentothedozen.
■fancyv.喜爱，喜欢
Eg.:Idon’tfancylivinginthecoldroom.
fancy想像，设想（=image）（表示一种惊讶的心情）（其后接动名词做宾语）
Fancymeetingyouhere.没想到在这儿见到你。
fancyonelf自以为是，自命不凡
Doyoufancyyourlf?
【课文讲解】
Peoplebecomequiteillogicalwhentheytrytodecidewhatcanbeeatenandwhatcannotbeeaten.
人们在决定吃什么或者不吃什么的时候，往往变得不合情理。
当涉及到或谈及到叙述客观事实的时候
itcomestosth…………
itcomestodoingsth……
用于when引导的时间状语从句
Eg.:Henevercomplainswhenitcomestohelpinghiswifewiththehouwork.
forinstance==forexample
consider(tobe)...
ontheotherhand转折连接词，表示而另一方面
attheideaof:at介词搭配作状语，表示当......就......；一......就......
attheideaof一想到
atthesightof一看到
atthementionof一提到
atthenewsof一听到......消息
atthetouthof一触摸到......东西
atthesoundof一听到......声音
atthethoughtof一想到
Eg.:Iwasgladatthethoughtofgettingsomethingteeat.
Ialwaysloveatthementionofghoststory.
stickto+名词==insistondoingsth==persistindoingsth
practice表示习俗，做法
habit表示个人习惯
custom社会的风俗或习俗
Eg.:Earlytobedandearlytoriisgoodhabit.
Itisnowquitecommonpracticeformarriedwomennottotaketheirhusband’scondname.
ThepracticeofclosingshopsonSundays.
MypracticetostudyEnglishistoreadeveryday.
thecustumofgivingprentatChristmas
Socialcustomsvarygreatlyfromcountrytocountry.
inmanynortherncountries.
Thesadtruthisthatmostofushavebeenbroughtuptoeatcertainfoodsand)
that引导表语从句，说明truth的内容
bringup抚养
Eg.:JoeisborninEngland,butbroughtupinFrance.
Shewasbroughtuptobelieethatmoneyisthemost(great)importantthinginlife.
他从小到大一直认为金钱是生活中最重要的东西。
被动语态形式，表自小长大，在成长的过程当中已经习惯于......
I’vebeenbroughtuptoeatfish,justbecaumymotherisfondoffishaswell.
Hehasbeenbroughtuptoeatfringpotatoesjustbecauhisparentsarefondofthat.
Hegavemuchattentiontobringuphischildren.
stickto=keepto;notgiveup
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Eg.:Westicktothemallourlives.
ImademydecisionandIamgoingtosticktoit.(to介词)
sticktotheidea
sticktotheplan
insistondoingsth.坚持做某事
persistindoingsth.坚持做某事
Peoplebecomequiteillogicalwhentheytrytodecidewhatcanbeeatenandwhatcannotbeeaten.
Nocreaturehasreceivedmorepraiandabuthanthecommongardensnail.
比较级表达最高级的概念
Nobodyismorebeautifluthanyou.
Heismoreintelligentthananyoneelinmyclass.
Thecommongardensnailoftenreceivemorepraiandabuthanothercreatures.
cooked过去分词做定语，与snails构成被动关系。
countless:无数的，数不尽的(=numerous)
who引导定语从句
h.把某物与某物相联系
Peoplethere,don’tconsidersnailstobeagreatdilicacy.
nogardenofhisown没有自己的庭院
Robertisfornofsnailsverymuch.
Theideaneverinterestedmeverymuch...
happenedtodo恰巧，碰巧
Ihappenedtobeoutwhenhecalled.
Webothhappenedtobetravellingonthesameplane.
happen/chance
IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.
ItchancedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.
when
表示正在这时突然，通常使用过去进行时，过去完成时等搭配；位于句中
Hewashavingabathwhenthetelephinesuddenlyrang.
Wehadnot...likethiswhen...camein.
Wewereabouttostartwhenitrained.
snails(thatwere)takingastroll...
现在分词做定语，修饰snails
onasuddenimpul一时的，冲动的
Actingonasuddenimpul,hewentshoppingtobuyveraldress.
Robertwasdelightedtoemeandequallypleadwithmylittlegift.==Robertwasnotonlydelightedtoeme,
butalsopleadwithmylittlegift.
bedelightedtodo
bepleadtodo
when特殊用法，表示就在这个时候
reluctantly:unwillingly不情愿的
toourdismay使我们感到惊愕的是
Eg.:Beforewecameback,allthesnailshadalreadyescapedfromthepaperbagandhadtakencompleteposssion
ofthehall.
takeposssion占据，占有
Thesoldierstookposssionofenemies’fort.
Theterroriststookposssionoftheembassy.恐怖分子占领了大使馆。
Thewriterdoesn’tfancysnails.
Thewriterdoesn’tconsidersnailstobeagreatdelicacy.
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Inacountrywheresnailsareeaten,youwouldexpect_____.
agreatmanysnailsinpeople’sgardens
thatpeoplecookedtheminwine
tobesopopularthattheyarealuxuryonlytherichcanafford
tobeamazedbyanyonewhorefudtoeatthem
2Theideaofcollectingsnailsneverappealedtothewriterverymuchuntil_____.
htofthesnailsmadehimthinkofRobert
83/209
showerofrainledhimtolookfortheminhisgarden
nimpulmadehimdecidetovisitthecountrywhereRobertlived
obligedtoremovethemfromhisprizeplants
3WhenthewriterarrivedatRobert’sflat_____.
welcomedhimwarmlybecauofthesnailshehadbrought
immediatelyinvitedhimtodinnerinordertoeatthesnails
otaboutgivingRobertthesnailsuntiltwohourslater
Robertthesnails,littlethinkingRobertwouldpropoadinnerwithsnailsasthemaindish
Structure
4Peoplearequiteillogicalwhen_____decidingwhat…(ll.1-2)
to
itcomesto经常用于when所引导的时间状语从句中，“当涉及到，当提及到”
5Mostofushavebeenbroughtuptoeatcertainkinds_____.(l.7)
kinds和介词of搭配
foods:各种各样的食物
certainkindsoffood==certainfoods
6Nocreature_____abudmoreoftenthan…(l.9)
npraidand
and和or
在肯定句中，and表示并列关系
Shesmokesanddrinks.
在否定句中，有两个对等的谓语、宾语、状语或者从句时，习惯用or,把两个成分都否定掉。
Shedoesn’tsmokeordrink.
Shecouldn’trememberwhoshewasorwhereshelived.
如果否定句中出现了and,语义表示转折，相当于bot.
Theroomisnotbigandcomfertable.
7Havingleftthebaginthehall,_____intothelivingroom.(ll.16-17)
bertwent
left的逻辑主语是主句的主语
8Wesawthesnails_____fromthepaperbag…(ll.19-20)
pe
wesaw(that)thesnails...
Vocabulary
9Ontheotherhand,youwould_____attheidea…(ll.5-6)
ck
sicken:感到作哎，难受（==feelsick）(但非常不常用)
Eg.:Hebegantofeelsickassoonastheshipstartedtomove.
be动词只是强调延续的状态，而不是一种突然间的一种感觉
10Snailswould,ofcour,bethemain_____.(ll.18-19)
bethemaindish==bethemaincour
11----Iwentintothelivingroomwherewetalkedfor_____.(1.17)
urs
原文：acoupleofhours:一两个小时的时间
12Thereare_____people,who…(ll.10-11)
ed
原文：countless:无数的，数不尽的（==numerous）
numerable:(=abletobecounted)可数的，能够数出来的
numerical:数字的，数量的，使用数字的（多用作前置形容词）
innumericalorder
numericalability
【KeytoMultiplechoicequestions】
1.D2.A3.D4.A5.B6.C7.A8.C9.D10.D11.B12.B
§Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑”
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
●skeletonn.骷髅
●eminglyadv.表面上地
●respectableadj.体面的，雅观的
84/209
●concealv.隐藏，隐瞒
●vividadj.生动的
●dramaticadj.令人激动的，扣人心弦的
●ruinv.毁坏
●heroinen.女主人公
●fictionn.小说
●varyingadj.不同的
●medicinen.医学
●guestroomn.（家庭中的）来客住房
●unpackvt.（从箱中）取出
●stackadj.（整齐地）堆放，排放
●underclothesn.内衣
●drawern.抽屉
●petrifyv.使惊呆
●danglev.悬挂
●swayv.摇摆
●unsympatheticadj.不表同情的，无动于衷的
●medicaladj.医学的
■skeletonn.骷髅
askeletoninthecupboard==askeletonintheclot==afamilyskeleton家丑
It’stimetobringafamilyskeletonoutofthecupboard
skeletonkey万能钥匙
awalkingskeleton骨瘦如柴的人
reducedtotooaskeleton瘦的皮包骨
Hehasnothingtoeatforacoupleofdayssohehasbeenreducedtotooaskeleton.
■eminglyadv.表面上地
■respectableadj.体面的，雅观的
respectabledecent,graceful,dervingrespect:体面的，雅观的，可敬的
Eg.:Heisamostrespectableman.
Thetieisforarespectalemanonly.
respectable:可敬的
respectful:充满敬意的，尊敬人的
Arespectablepersonisrespectfultoothers.
respective各自的
Eg.:Ourstudentsreturntotheirrespectiveclassroom.
■concealv.隐藏，隐瞒
conceal:hide,比hide更加正式，语气强烈
.
Eg.:Heconcealedhisdisappointfromhisfriends.
Heconcealedhisbetsfromhiswife.
Whenthemothercoming,thelittlegirlhidbehindthecurtain.
hide,hid,hidden
■vividadj.生动的
vivid生动的，栩栩如生的,鲜艳的，活泼的
Eg.:Thereisavividproverb.
vividblue碧蓝色
heisvividwithlife.他是生气勃勃。
Yoursdiscriptionisreallyvivid.
morevivid,themostvivid
■dramaticadj.令人激动的，扣人心弦的
dramatic比exciting更加强烈
Thedramaticthingsisstillvividinhismind.
■ruinv.毁坏
■heroinen.女主人公
■fictionn.小说
fiction和novel
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fiction(集合名词)不可数(poetry)
novel某一部具体的小说(poem)
Ipreferreadingfictiontohearingaboutrealinvent.
■varyingadj.不同的
=various
different与......不一样
Myideadifferentsfromyours.
■medicinen.医学
■guestroomn.（家庭中的）来客住房
■unpackvt.（从箱中）取出
■stackadj.（整齐地）堆放，排放
stackupthebooks
Thehouwifeisstackinguptheclothing.
■underclothesn.内衣
underclothing,underwear
■drawern.抽屉
■petrifyv.使惊呆
=shock,dumbfound
HeardthenewsIwaspetrified.
■danglev.悬挂
■swayv.摇摆
■unsympatheticadj.不表同情的，无动于衷的
sympathetic同情的
athy同情地（=sympathetically）
■medicaladj.医学的
【课文讲解】
how引导宾语从句
hassometerriblecret
which引导的定语从句，修饰说明cret
emingly:9=fromappearence)从表面上看来，
aeminglyrespectableperson:表面上受尊重的人
posss:(=havegot,own)
不定式to作定语，修饰说明vividsaying,来描述这种场景。
some—表示“某一个”，修饰单数可数名词
ruin泛指概念，表示毁坏的过程不是一下完成的（spoil）
Therainruined/spoiledourholiday.
destroy:把凭借某种外力来破坏和摧毁事物，完全摧毁
Theearthquakedestroyedalmostentiredcity.
damage:侧重强调把…弄坏，但是可以修复
one'shairstandsonend:某人感到毛骨悚然的
IthoughtIwasaloneinmyroomuntilIheardthemysteriousnoiceagain,andmyhairstandsonend.
make/tone'shairstandonend:使某人感到毛骨悚然的
inheryouth:在她年轻时
everyone
everyoneof与介词of连用时要分开
itisallverywellbut不赞成不满意的反语，“好倒是好，但是……”
Eg:Itisallverywellforthemtoaskmetodoit,butIamtoobusy.
Itisallverywellforyoutosuggenttakingafewdaysrest,buthowcanfinishourworkintime.
occur:某个事件出乎意料的发生（正式）
happen:某个事件出乎意料发生
takeplace:事件根据安排“举行”
Eg.:Whendidtheaccidenthappen/occur?
Itoccuredtomethat/todo.
Itoccuredtometoopenthewindow.
Whenwilltheweddingtakeplace?
Tovaryingdegrees:从不同角度来讲
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which引导定语从句修饰cret
learn:了解某个事实，学习某种知识、技能
know知道某个事实，具有某方面的知识、技能，认识、了解某个人（状态动词，不能用于进行时态）
IlearnedthatIhadpasdthetest.
Sheknowsaboutcomputers.
Sheislearningaboutcomputers.
insteadof+doing----表示相反、没有、取而代之的是......
ied:站在…前，目瞪口呆
frightened:在某个特定的场合下，受到惊吓
terrified:表示惊吓的程度，更加强烈，感到恐怖
afraid(of):表示一种状态，永久性的恐惧
itgavemetheimpressionthat:给某人以印象
makealastingimpressiononsb:给某人以不可磨灭的印象
haveafalimpressionofsb:对某人有错误的看法
givesbimpressionthat:给某人印象
impresssbwithsth用…给某人留下印象
beabouttodosth.:即将，就要。暗示动作即将发生（多与when连用）
Iwasabouttogotobedwhentherewasaknockatthedoor.
leapoutatsb.跳出来扑向某人
drop----是我所发出的主动动作，所以用-ing形式
asif引导虚拟语气
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Inwhatrespectdoesfactdifferfromfictionconcerningthecretsthatpeoplekeeptothemlves?
erarelysoterribleastoruinoutreputationsifrevealed.
’sclostfriendsdonotevensuspectthemofhavingthem.
whohave‘skeletonsinthecupboard’arerarelyfoundout.
whohaveskeletonsintheircupboardsareveryproudofthefact.
inwhatrespect:在什么方面
2Beforeopeningthecupboarddoor,thewriterhad_____.
dintosomenewclothes
shirtsandhisunderwearinacoupleofdrawers
eofthetwosuitshehadbroughtwithhim
3Whatwasthemostfrighteningthingaboutthewriter’xperience?
htofaskeletonhanginginthecupboard.
denmovementofthedoorwhenheopenedthecupboard.
overthatitwastheskeletonofanokdfriendofGeorge’s.
foundarealskeletonratherthanfindingoutaterriblecret.
Structure
4Weoftenreadinnovelsofaeminglyrespectablepersonorfamily_____someterriblecret...(ll.1-2)
eyhave
如果运用定语从句，thattheyhave,they是多余的
现在分词做定语
c选项关系词运用不正确
5TheonlypersonIhaveeverknown_____askeletoninthecupboard...(ll.11-12)
运用不定式，修饰名词，----定语从句
thefirstperson,theonlyperson,thelastperson...
I前省略了关系词that
6----GeorgeCarlton,anditis_____heisveryproudof.(l.12)
something:有意义，有价值的事
It’ssomethingtohaveajobintelevier.
what=all全部
7NosoonerhadIopenedthecupboarddoor_____Istood...(ll.17-18)
8‘_____thatIwasamedicalstudentonceuponatime?’(l.22)
’unotremembered
现在完成时
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Vocabulary
9TheEnglishlanguage_____avividsayingto...(ll.3-4)
has==own
owe欠钱
Iowedhimtwodollarsyesterday.
10----theguestroom,which,hesaid,was_____ud.(l.15)
usly
little:否定色彩的副词
alittle:肯定语义
uncommonly:不正常地，不普通地
preciously:珍贵地
11Hetoldmetounpackmy_____andthen...(ll.15-16)
ings
belongings==posssions
trunk:皮箱，汽车尾箱
object:巨大的物体
item:物品
12----gavemetheimpressionthatit_____leapingoutatme.(l.19)
ost
“...itwasabouttoleapoutatme...”“即将，即刻做某事”
Eg.:Theplaneisabouttotoff.
Theplaneisonthepointofttingout.
beconcernedwith:关心
thinkof:考虑，想到
【KeytoMultiplechoicequestions】
1.A2.C3.A4.A5.D6.B7.C8.B9.D10.A11.D12.A
§Lesson25TheCuttySark“卡蒂萨克”号帆船
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
●impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的
●steamshipn.蒸汽轮船
●vesln.轮船，大木船
●eran.时期，时代
●Javan.爪哇（印度尼西亚一岛）
●ruddern.舵
●rollv.颠簸，摇摆
●steerv.掌握方向
●temporaryadj.临时的
●plankn.大块木板
●fitv.安装
●Equatorn.赤道
●delayn.耽误
■impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的
Thisisaimpressivething.
impressionn.印象
makealastingimpressiononsb:给某人以不可磨灭的印象
haveafalimpressionofsb:对某人有错误的看法
givesbimpressionthat:给某人印象
impressvt.
impresssb.给某人留下印象
impresssbwithsth用…给某人留下印象
■steamshipn.蒸汽轮船
■vesln.轮船，大木船
vesl（正式的词汇）可代替ship,boat.用于文学体
asailingvesl,afishingvesl
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boat比ship小，可以替换ship(非正式文体)
afishingboat
■eran.时期，时代
era:“纪元”，地球、人类社会历史上的一个很长的时期，以特别事物或发展为标志
thebeginningofnewera
theendofoldera
times:历史上的一个阶段”时代，时期”
inancienttimes
inclassictimes
Romantimes
age:特定的历史阶段（大写，构成专有名词）
astoneage石器时代
thespaceage太空时代
Thisisabeganningofera
■Javan.爪哇（印度尼西亚一岛）
■ruddern.舵
■rollv.颠簸，摇摆
■steerv.掌握方向
steer:驾驶水路交通工具，强调掌握方向，导航
drive:开汽车，火车
pilot:操纵轮船，飞机
Hesteerstheboatsuddenly.
Hepilotedhisplane.
■temporaryadj.临时的
temporaryjobs/hou
temporarilyadv.
temporarinessn.
==transient:短暂的，瞬间的
反义：permanent:永久的
contemporary:当代的
■plankn.大块木板
■fitv.安装
■Equatorn.赤道
■delayn.耽误
【Text】
【课文讲解】
oneofthemostfamous...最著名的......之一
背熟：Shestandsondrylandandisvisitedbythousandsofpeopleeachyear.
dryland:陆地
背熟：Shervesasanimpressivereminderofthegreatshipsofthepast.
rveas:(=actas)“起…作用”
impressivereminder:深刻的印象，作为......的回忆
replacevt.==takeplaceof
stemship:汽船
sailingship/sailingvesl:帆船
match:(=beequalto)与......相匹敌，相比
matchin/for
TheonlyothershiptomatchherwastheThermopylae.
动词不定式to作定语，修饰theonlyothership
背诵：BoththeshipstoutfromShanghaionJune18th,1872onanexcitingracetoEngland.
背诵：Thisrace,whichwentonforexactlyfourmonths,edtheendofthegreat
traditionofshipswithsailsandthebeginningofanewera.
which----指代thisrace,引导非限定性定语从句
帆船：shipswithsail,sailingships,sailingvesls
markedtheendof:标志…的结束
ThefirstofthetwoshipstoreachJavaaftertheracehadbegunwastheThermopylae,...
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可改为：aftertheracehadbegunthefirstofthetwoshipstoreachJavawastheThermopylae,...
takethelead:处于领先地位==gointothelead
lothelead:失去领先地位
inthelead:处于领先地位（状态）
takeoverthelead:取得领先地位
shewasstruckbyaveryheavystormduringwhichherrudderwastornaway.
...wasstruckbyaveryheavystorm...严重地遇到了雨／雪
becaughtintherian/snow遇到了雨／雪
during介词，用于关系代词which之前，duringtherace,duringthestorm
tornaway=destroyed,pulldown
itbecameimpossibletosteerher(省略掉forcaptain)
therewasadangerthat+同位语从句……会有危险
thecaptaincalledinataporttohaveanewrudderfitted,
callinat:（船）停靠，（人）拜访
to=inorderto,soasto“目的是”
:
butbynowtheThermopylaewasoverfivehundredmilesahead.
bynow=sofar
attremendousspeed:以极快的速度
considering连接词，用来引导完整的语句
consideringthat考虑到………
Soweshouldforgivehimconsideringthatheisillbadly.
Thereisnodoubtthatifshehadnotlostherruddershewouldhavewontheraceeasily.
Thereisnodoubtthat...==withoutanydoubt“毫无疑问“
Thereissomedoubt+wh-...
Eg.:Thereisnodoubtthatheisguilty.
Thereissomedoubtwhetherheisguilty.
if----与过去事实相反的虚拟
（二册L71P320）：IftheHousofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreatclockwouldneverhave
beenerected.
Ifyoutalkedlessandatemore,wewouldbothenjoyourdinner.(二册：L40P182)
reciteparagraph2:
shewasstruckbyaveryheavystormduringwhichherrudderwastornaway.
Thereisnodoubtthatifshehadnotlostherruddershewouldhavewontheraceeasily.
takethelead
lothelead
callinat
withgreatdifficulty
attremendousspeed
Itemedcertainthat
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1ThefameoftheCuttySarkrestsmainlyupon_____.
beroftouristswhocometovisitherannually
enesstoothergreatsailingshipsofthepast
ngoneofthelastandoneofthefastestofalineofgreatsailingships
toryintheraceagainsttheThermopylae
fame:名声，名誉
restupon=reston
2TheracewhichtookplacebetweentheCuttySarkandtheThermopylaewas_____.
arkinthehistoryofshipping
celebratetheinventionofthesteamship
peciallyforsailingshipsontheroutefromShanghaitoLondon
llyslowbecautheCuttySarklostherruddeerenroute
landmark:标志
3Duringtherace,themostremarkablefeatoftheCuttySarkwas_____.
ghlasttoreachJava,totaketheleadontheIndianOcean
tthatshemanagedtosailintoportwithoutarudder
edatwhichshewassailingwhilehavinganewrudderfitted
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edatwhichshemadeupthegapbetweenherandtheThermopylae
feat:功绩
Structure
4TheCuttySark_____atGreenwich.(ll.1-2)
stilltobeen
lpossiblyen
5Before_____,veslsliketheCuttySarkwereud...(ll.4-5)
amshipreplacedthesailingship
amreplacedthesail
a选项steamships:汽船，sailingships
sail:航海，航行，风帆
冠词the和名词单数形式搭配表示一类东西
6Itemedcertainthatshe_____thefirstshiphome.(l.12)
ngtobe
would和begoingto重复搭配
7TheThermopylaearrivedinEnglandonlyaweakbefore_____>(ll.19-20)
arrived
before引导时间状语从句
8_____herrudder,thereisnodoubtshewouldhavewon...(l.21)
inglost
notlost
if引导的虚拟条件句
Vocabulary
9----ondrylandand_____thousandsofvisitorachyear.(ll.2-3)
attract吸引，Thebeautifulsceneryattractsme.
appealto引起...兴趣，Thetopicoftheconversatiuonneverappealstome.
10OnJune18th,1872boththeships_____anexcitingracefromShanghaitoEngland.(l.8)
r
tout:出发
touton:出发进行比赛
Eg:toutonthetrip/journey/excursion
departfor去往某处
11OntheIndianOcean,theCuttySarkwent_____thelead.(ll.11-12)
原文：takethelead
gointothelead==takethelead
12Eventhiswasremarkable,_____thenumerousdelays.(ll.20-21)
ting
considering:考虑到
inrespectof==withregardto关于，至于
accoudingto:依据
inviewof以…观点考虑到＝considering
accountfor
【KeytoMultiplechoicequestions】
1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.D7.A8.D9.B10.A11.A12.C
§Lesson26Wanted:alargebiscuittin征购大饼干筒
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
●influencev.影响
●pridev.骄傲
●tasten.鉴赏力
●exertv.施加
●subtleadj.微妙的，难以捉摸的
●advertirn.做广告的人
●classifyv.分类
●magicadj.有奇妙作用的
●samplen.样品
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●deviv.设计，想出
●capturev.吸引，赢得
●manufacturern.生产厂家，制造商
●wheelbarrown.独轮手推车
●bootn.（汽车尾部的）行李箱
●ingredientn.配料
●cranen.起重机
●anticipatev.预期，预料
■influencev.影响
haveeffecton
Eg.:Literatureandarthavegreatinfluenceofpeople’sidelogy.
Don’tbeinfluencedbybadexamples.
undertheinfluenceof受…影响
Eg.:Weareundertheinflunceofadvertiments.
haveinfluenceoversb有左右某人的能力
Eg.:Ateacherhasinfluenceoverhisstudents.
exerciinfluenceonsb'sbehalf为某人而尽力
onsb'sbehalf为某人的利益
Eg.:Thebosxercisinfluenceonhimployee’sbehalf.
区别：influence/affect
influence:通过劝说，行为，榜样来改变一个人的行为或思想，是潜移默化的影响力
affect:对......产生不良影响
Eg.:Thebadexampleswillaffectalotnumberofstudents.
influentialadj.有影响力的
■pridev.骄傲
pridevt.&n.
prideonelfon为…感到骄傲、夸耀＝takepridein/beproudof
不能用于进行时态或被动语态
Eg.:Hepridedhimlfonhisdrivingskill.
priden.
intheprideof处于最佳状态（顶峰）
Eg:Sheisstillyoungandintheprideofherbeauty.
putone’sprideinone’spocket:控制自尊心
■tasten.鉴赏力
Eg.:Shehaxcellenttasteindress.
haveexcellenttasteinsth在…上有极高的品位
atasteof尝一口，尝一点
Eg:Oh,letmehaveatasteofyourcoffee.
ingoodtaste:文雅，得体
Eg:Thebeautifulgirlisingoodtaste.
inbadtaste:庸俗，不得体
taste:有什么的味道
toone'staste:合某人的口味，称某人的心愿
Eg:Hedidwhathewantedtodotohistaste.
Thereisaccountingfortaste.人各有所好。
Hewhohasnevertastedbitterknowsnotwhatissweet.不知黄连苦怎知蜂蜜甜呢。
tastabel可品尝的
tasteful有鉴赏力的
tasteless没有味道的，乏味的
tasteblindness味盲
tastemaker时尚的首创者
Eg.:Areyoutastemaker?
■exertv.施加
exertsthonsb对某人施加…（压力）
Eg.:Hiswifeexertedalotofpressureonhimtochangehisjob.
Helikestoexerthisauthorityonus.
exertonelf努力，尽力
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Eg.:Heneverexertedhimlftostudyhard.
exerteveryeffort尽一切努力
exertionn.
■subtleadj.微妙的，难以捉摸的
Eg.:Advertimentxertsubtleinfluenceonus.
subtle敏感的，敏锐的
Eg.:Heisasubtleobrver.
subtlyadv.微妙地，敏锐地
subtleness==subtlety
■advertirn.做广告的人
adverti:做广告
advertiment广告
■classifyv.分类
Eg.:Thebookshavebeenclassifiedaccordingtosubjects.
classificationn.
classifiedadj.分类的，机密的
classifiableadj.可分类的
classifiern.分类者
■magicadj.有奇妙作用的
■samplen.样品
■deviv.设计，想出
■capturev.吸引，赢得
Eg.:Hiswonderfulperformancecapturedmyattention.
capture捕获，俘获
Eg.:Thepolicecapturedthetwothieves.
■manufacturern.生产厂家，制造商
■wheelbarrown.独轮手推车
■bootn.（汽车尾部的）行李箱
■ingredientn.配料
■cranen.起重机
■anticipatev.预期，预料
anticipate/except
anticipate:预料到
Eg.:Ourattackfailedbecautheenemyanticipated.
anticipate:期待，指望，预料
Eg.:Weanticipatedtheenemywouldtrytocrosstheriver,sowedecidedtodestorythebridge.
except:期待，希望某事发生（不能表示“预料到”这一含义）；期待，指望，anticipate==except
Eg.:Iamnotexpectinganytrouble.
Weareanticipating(excepting)alargecrowdofpeopleattonight’smeeting.
Heisthemanwhoisalwaysanticipatingtrouble.
anticipate:注重强调的内容以高兴和恐惧的心情，期待所想之事或预料之事的发生
Eg.:Thestudentsareanticipatingawonderfulvocation.
【课文讲解】
Advertimentsalwayxertinfluenceoneverybody.
Noone,avoid,双重否定
Nostudentscanavoidbeinginfluencedbytheirteachers.
本课重点句型：Muchaswemayprideourlvesonourgoodtaste,wearenolongerfreetochoothethingswe
want,foradvertisingexertsasubtleinfluenceonus.
让步状语从句，though,although
as引导让步状语从句，句子要采用倒装形式（adj./adv./n./v.用在as之前）
1．adj.+as+主语+谓语
Richasheis,heisnothappy.
TiredasIwas,Itrytohelpthem.
2．adv.(much)+as+从句
MuchasIlikeyou,Iwillnotmarryyou.
MuchasIhatedoit,ImuststayhomeandstudyEnglish.虽然我不愿意这么做，但我今晚必须呆在家里学习英语。
3．v.+as+主语+助动词
Tryastheymay,theywillneversucceed.即使他们很努力，但他们不会成功。
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Objectasmyparentsmay,Idecidetodoit.不管我父母怎样反对，我都决定要这样做。
采用不同的句子结构形式，不同的词汇表达同一个语义。
effort
1.n.(U)努力，竭尽全力（需要花费脑力和体力的事情）
Eg.:Ittookalotofefforttoliftthebox.
Agreatdealofefforthasgoneintothixhibition.
2.n.(C)努力，竭尽全力makeeveryeffort
Eg.:WearemakingeveryefforttostudyEnglish.
inone’fforttodo:为了干好某事，在干好某事的努力过程当中
Eg.:Thecompanyisllingoffsomeofitsbuildingsintheireffortstosavemoney.
IntheireffortstolearnEnglishwell,theyspendalotoftime.
makeaclo(careful)study:对什么做了仔细的研究
Advertirsmakeeveryeffortinordertolltheirproducts.
Thefirstparagraphisreallywonderful,you’dbetterkeepingyourmind
第一自然段要牢记熟背在心中。
Advertirsdiscoveredyearsagothatallofuslovetogetsomethingfornothing.
getsomethingfornothing(free):免费得到……
Thebigbellraregoerwrong.
thedays:目前
notonly…but…aswell……不仅……而且……
devi:设计
Eg.:Theyhavedevidthebestwaytohavetheparty.
:使某人能够做某事
Eg.:Hardworkwillenableyoutopasstheexaminaiton,otherwi,noway.
Radioandtelevisionhavemadeitpossibleforadvertirstocapturetheattentionofmillionsofpeopleinthisway.
makeitpossibleforsbtodosth使……可能
Eg.:Hisfwematerialposssionsmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplacewithea.
Themoneyhewonmadeitpossibleforhimtomakeatouraroundtheworld.
capture(catch,receive,arrest,draw)theattentionofsb吸引某人注意力
熟记：Therespontothiscompetitionwastremendous.
responce=reaction:反映
beforelong=soon,shortly
biscuitsofallshapes(sizes),shoesofallsizes
occupy=takeup,占据
Itemedcertainthat...
注意：用it做形式主语表示肯定时，要用certain,而不能用sure.
Wearesure/certain...
Itiscertain...
clod=ended
remove=load
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Whatamongotherthingnablesadvertirstollaproductmoreeasily?
gthatwewillbuyanythingprovidedittastesgood.
everycustomersomethingfreewitheachproducthebuys.
somanyfreethingsallovertheworldtotemptpeoplewith.
radioandtelevisionattheirdisposaltopromotetheirproducts.
2Thepeoplewhoenteredthecompetitiondidsobecau_____.
ntedtogetsomethingfornothing
pedbywinningeasilytocoverthecostofthebakingingredients
pedtoreceivetheprizemoneyof$24,000
ufacturershadofferedfreebiscuitstoanyonewhoentered
3Whathadthemanufacturersfailedtoanticipate?
berofpeoplewhowouldtakeaninterestinthecompetition.
berofingredientsrequiredtobakealargebiscuitwith.
waspossibletobakeabiscuitaslargeasthestudent’s.
erewastimetobakeahugebiscuitbeforethecompetitionclod.
Structure
4_____ofourgoodtaste,wearenolonger...(ll.1-2)
ghwemayprideourlvesagreatdeal
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urlvesaswemay
5----discoveredyearsagothatallofus_____somethingfornothing.(ll.7-8)
enweget
love不用进行时态
6Anadvertimentcanrarelygowrong_____withthemagicwordFREE.(l.8)
gins
当修饰主语的定语从句过长而谓语过短时，一般将定语从句后置。
7Itwasnearly500pounds_____.(l.15)
ht
inlength,inheight,inwidth,indepth,inweight
8Itwassoheavythatacrane_____fromthelorry.(ll.20-21)
ededtoremoveit
dedtohaveitremoved
Vocabulary
9----intheireffortstopersuadeustobuy_____.(l.4)
ctortwo
some...orother==this...orthat
10The_____tothiscompetitionwastremendous.(ll.13-14)
on
respon表示反映，反响的时候，与reaction的意义最近，通常可以换用。
11----withabiscuitwhich_____thebootofhiscar.(l.16)
allthespacein
holefilled
occupy的同义词takeup
12Themanufacturershadtopaymoremoneythanthey_____...(ll.21-22)
anticipate的同义词expect
【KeytoMultiplechoicequestions】
1.D2.A3.C4.C5.B6.A7.C8.D9.C10.D11.B12.A
§Lesson27Nothingtollandnothingtobuy不卖也不买
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
●philosophern.哲学家
●wisdomn.智慧
●priestn.牧师
●spiritualadj.精神上的
●grudgev.不愿给，舍不得给
●surgeonn.外科大夫
●pasr-by(复数pasrs-by)n.过路人
●dignityn.尊严
●deliberatelyadv.故意地
●conquencen.后果，结果
●afflictv.使苦恼，折磨
●ean.容易
●naturen.大自然
●contemptn.蔑视
●enviousadj.嫉妒的
■philosophern.哲学家
■wisdomn.智慧
cutsb'swisdomteeth开始懂事了
●priestn.牧师
■spiritualadj.精神上的
spirituallife
mental：智力的
physical:物质的，肉体的
spirited:生机勃勃的，精神饱满的，猛烈的
Eg.:Sheisaspiritedgirl.
Thisisaspiriteddiscussion.
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spirituousadj.含酒精的
■grudgev.不愿给，舍不得给
■surgeonn.外科大夫
■pasr-by(复数pasrs-by)n.过路人
■dignityn.尊严
withgreatdignity
stand/keeponone’sdignity
pocketone’sdignity放下架子
loone’sdignity有失体面
dignifyv.
dignifiedadj.
■deliberatelyadv.故意地
onpurpo:故意，强调目的性
deliberately(强调深思熟虑后)故意的
■conquencen.后果，结果
result:按常规产生的结果
effect效果
outcome（比赛）最后结局
inconquence因此,inconquenceof由于什么的缘故
taketheconquenceof承担……的后果
■afflictv.使苦恼，折磨
常用于被动语态
afflictionn.
afflictiveadj.苦恼的，悲伤的
■ean.容易
withea轻而易举
atea,舒服，宽松
Hestayedhomeatea.
illatea不自在
a不拘束
takeone'a安下心来
ItookmyeatostudyEnglishhere.
■naturen.大自然
■contemptn.蔑视
incontemptof轻视
empt=lookdownuponsb.
contemptableadj.可轻视的，不耻的，卑鄙的
■■■contemptuousadj.轻视的，傲慢的，轻蔑的
despite
■enviousadj.嫉妒的
【课文讲解】
Ithasbeensaidthat=itissaidthat据说
liveby:tomakeenoughmoneytofeedonelf：依靠某种职业为生
liveon依靠某种食物维持生命，或靠某人生活
inthelightof=accordingto,takingintoaccount根据，考虑到
inaccordancewith:依据(法律)（更加正式）
intermsof:按照，就……而言，关于
inrespectof
in/withregardto,asregards
therearetimeswhen有时
grudge后面要和名词或动名词搭配
Igrudgewastingtimeonthis.
Hegrudgepayingsomuchmoneyforsuchbadfood.
requirefrom
Inekingindependence
in+动名词搭配，表示“在……的过程中”
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Inspeekingtohim,Ifoundheisstammers.
Eg.:inekingindependence
on+动名词搭配，表示“一……就……”,必须注意主语的一致性。
Eg.:Oneingtheplanecomingtowardsme,I……
Incrossingthehall,I...
Onenteringthehall,I...
fully:completely
befreefrom不受……的影响
He’sleadingalifefreefromcareandanxieties.
Theoldladyisneverfreefrompaining.这位老太太始终病痛缠身。
freefromerror
freefromanxieties.
h.
keeponelfalive为了生存
with和名词搭配，表示“具有，带有”
Eg.:HowmanyofuscanhonestlysaythatwewouldliketolearnEnglshwell?
【Multiplechoicequestions】
Comprehension
1Itisverydifficulttoestimatethetruevalueofthervicespeopleperformforusvecau_____.
’sneedsvarysomuchaccordingtotheircircumstances.
toadmitthatsurgeonsperformaverynecessaryrvice
omshouldgiveeverythingweposssforsuchrvices
rvicesarepaidforinthesamewayasmaterialgoods
2inchoosingtoleadthelifeheleads,thetramphasdecided_____.
neverneedtoaskpeopleforanything
pintheopeninordertobeclortotheworldofnature
dratherleadthelifeofacriminalthandoanywork
edommorethancompensatesfortheinconveniencesofsuchalife
流浪汉的自由足以弥补他生活中的不便。
3Inmomentsoftruthwefeelenviousofatramp’swayoflifebecau_____.
thatourwayoflifeisundignifigedcomparedtoatramp’s
eisnotburdenedwiththeanxietiesweareoftentroubledby
reedomhehasfromthestruggletokeepalive
izethatitisbetterthanhavingtobegforalivelihood
inmemonesoftruth=truly
背熟此结构
“Atrampisfreefromthethousandsofaxietieswhichafflictotherpeople.”
Structure
4Yetwemightgrudge_____asurgeonforoffering...(l.8)
hfeewewouldpay
highfee
thehighfeewewouldpayasurgeonforoffering
5They_____requireanythingfromothers.(ll.12-13)
thingtollnordothey
tsoldanythinganddonot
对于二者的否定
Neither...nor...
nothign...nor...
nor...位于句首，倒装
nothsvetollanything:他们不必出售什么
6Withsofewmaterialposssions,he_____tomovefrom...(ll.16-=17)
ible
7Weoftenspeakcontemptuously_____trampsand...(ll.19-20)
speakof:谈及
speakfor:为…辩护
speakon:就…发言
speakto:与…谈话
8But_____ofuscanhonestlysay...(l.20)
e
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Vocabluary
9Asurgeonisamanwho_____.(l.8)
eople’eoplefinancialadvice
speople’slivesagainstsicknessordeath
10----makeitpossibleforhimtomove_____withea.(ll.16-17)
yn
fromplacetoplace:四处，到处（=hereandthere）
onewayoranother:表示某种方法或途径
ineveryn:名副其实，在各种意义上来说
Heisathiefineveryn.他是一个不折不扣的骗子。
11Hemayhunt,begorstealoccasionallyto_____...(l.18)
e
tosurvive=keephimlfalive
makealiving谋生
12Weoften_____trampsandputthemdownasbeggars.(ll.20-21)
n
lookdownon=lookdownupon:瞧不起
convict宣判某人有罪(常与of连用)
blame责备（常与for连用）
condemntovt.判刑
【KeytoMultiplechoicequestions】
1.A2.D3.B4.B5.B6.B7.D8.C9.C10.A11.B12.C
§Lesson28Fivepoundstoodear五镑太贵
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
●waresn.货物，商品
●anchorv.停航下锚
●deckn.甲板
●silverwaren.银器
●temptv.吸引，
●bargainv.讨价还价
●dimbarkv.下船上岸
●assailv.纠缠
●marblen.小玻璃球
●inscribev.刻写，雕
●favourn.好处，优惠
●gesticulatev.（讲话时）打手势
●outrageousadj.出人预料的；令人不悦的
●thrustv.硬塞给
■waresn.货物，商品
wares:货郎随身携带的货物
复合词、表示“器皿、器具”
silverware,ironware,glassware,software,hardware,chinaware
goods:商店里出售的商品
commodity:（正式，总称）商品
commodityprice/economy/market/exchange
■anchorv.停航下锚
■deckn.甲板
■silverwaren.银器
■temptv.吸引，
h.吸引某人做某事
temptationn.
thetemptationtodosth.
temptingadj.有吸引力的
■bargainv.讨价还价
vi.&n.
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