大楼英语

●房屋各部分Partsofhou

屋面roof

屋脊ridge

坡屋顶pitchedroof

单坡屋顶pentroof,lean-to

roof

人字屋顶gableroof

四坡顶hippedroof

屋面排水沟valley

卷材防水屋面membraneroof

找平层screed-coat

防水层damp-proofcour

泛水flashing

屋顶层garret

阁楼penthou,loft,

attic

天台roof-deck

晒台dryingstage

组合烟囱chimneystack

屋檐eave

屋面排水roofingdrainage

檐沟，明沟gutter

水落管down-pipe,downspout

雨棚canopy,awning

柱廊colonnade

走廊corridor

中庭atrium

山墙gable

女儿墙parapet

山花pediment

隅石砌quoins

阳台balcony,veranda

阳台栏杆balustrade

阳台栏杆柱baluster,

banister

平台terrace

台阶steps

梯子ladder

梯级step

楼梯stairca(＝step)

楼梯踏步平板tread

楼梯踏步竖板rir

楼梯休息平台landing

直角转弯平台quarter-space

landing

梯宽runofstair

梯高riofstair

楼梯扶手rail,railing

回转梯corkscrewstairca，

caracole

踏步突沿nosing

窗子window

百叶窗blinds,louvers

旋转窗balancewindow

平开窗，窗叶cament

窗扇sash

中旋窗awningwindow

上下推拉窗double-hungwindow

屋顶通气窗clerestory

门窗亮子transom

窗框windowframe

窗台sill，cill

采光顶sunroof

天窗sunlight

老虎窗dormer-window

通风窗ventlight

落地窗Frenchwindow

墙壁wall

承重墙bearingwall

隔间partition

空心墙cavitywall

防火隔断(分区)compartmentation

剪力墙shearpanel

墙裙wainscot

窗间墙pier

幕墙curtainwall

电梯elevator,lift

自动扶梯escalator

地板，楼面floor

夹层楼面entresol，mezzanine

楼座balcony

楼板slab

天花板ceiling

壁炉andiron，fireplace，

grate

地下室bament

防火fire-cut

防火门firedoor

耐热涂料heat-resisting

paints

绝热heatinsulation

门槛head-rail,sill

柱子column，post，pillar

柱头columncap,head

斜撑kneebrace

悬索catenary

梁beam

基础梁gradebeam

钢板梁plategirder

工字梁I-beam

过梁lintel,lintol,

head

椽子purlin

基础foundation

碎石垫层hardcore

混凝土地基concrete

foundation

基座、柱础pedestal

独立基础isolatedfooting

放大基础spreadingfooting

条形基础stripfooting

筏式基础matfoundation

浮筏基础floating

foundation

沉箱基础caisson

化粪池cesspool,ptic

tank

伸缩缝expansionjoint

冷桥thermalbridge

散水wash,apron

披水板weathering-board

桁架truss

组合桁架compositetruss

框架framework

模板formwork

拱券arch

穹顶dome

平拱flatarch

筒拱vault,vaultedroof

半圆穹顶concha

瓦shingle,tile

砖brick

瓷砖ceramictile

玻璃砖glassblocks

大理石marble

花岗岩granite

水磨石terrazzo

砌块masonry

混凝土concrete

预制混凝土pre-castconcrete

钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete

钢筋steelreinforcement

水泥cement

抹灰，灰泥plaster,stucco

熟石灰hydrateoflime,

slaked-lime

砂浆mortar

抹灰层floatedcoat

饰面finish

木砖grounds,timber

brick

石膏gypsum

石膏板plasterslab

夹胶玻璃plyglass

胶合板plywood,clip-board

脚手架scaffolding

悬臂cantilever

叠涩，牛腿corbel

遮阳sunshading

●制图与构图用语

草图sketch,draft

图纸drawing

施工图workingdrawings

工程project

方案plan

总图grid

总平面site

平面floor

立面elevation

正立面facade

剖面ction

详图detail

门厅上部upperfoyer

比例尺scale=

透视图，表现图rendering

透视perspective

轴测isometric

perspective

Axonometric

projection

轴线axis

建筑面积floorarea,

architecturearea

相对标高relative

elevation/level

层高，净空headroom,headway

室内interior

室外exterior

室内装修interior

decoration

装饰ornament

广场square,plaza,public

square

流线circulation

解构deconstruction

空间space,spatial

比例proportion

统一unity

均衡balance

协调harmony

尺度scale

韵律rhythm

风格style

功能function

关系relationship

●房屋Hou

高层建筑high-ribuilding

社区housingcomplex

家舍hou

茅舍cottage

平房one-storyhou，

bungalow，

plain-hou

二楼two-storyhou

公寓(建筑)apartmenthou

公寓(房间)

apartment(flat)(英)

别墅villa

花园洋房gardenhou

寄宿舍dormitory(美)

供膳出租房间boardandlodging

出租房间roomforrent(美)

乡村旅舍countryinn

供膳寄宿舍boardinghou

大厦mansions,edifice

大楼building

预制装配式房屋pre-fabricate

hou

小木屋shack

一个单元oneunit

车库garage

报告厅auditorium,lecture

hall

多功能厅multi-uhall

阅览室browsingroom,reading

room

茶室refreshmentroom

操作间cab,utilityroom

●居住Dwelling

套房suit

主人套房mastersuit

门厅，前厅lobby

大厅hall,mainhall

过厅gallery

起居间livingRM，familyRM

聚会厅gatheringRM，keepingRM

休息厅lounge,sittingRM

客厅parlor

衣帽间cloakroom

更衣、衣橱间walk-in-clot,厨

房kitchen

餐厅dinningroom

早餐厅nook,breakfast

room

食品、餐具间pantry,butlery

浴室，洗手间bathroom

盥洗室toiletroom

卫生间waterclot,.

前室，门厅foyer

寝室，卧房bedroom

主人房masterbedroom

书斋，书房study,library

工作室，画室studio

私室，书斋den

化妆室boudoir,dressing

RM,powderRM

婴儿室nurry

客房guestroom

壁厨clot,ambry

洗衣间laundryroom

地窖cellar

储藏室storage

健身房exerciRM

服务入口rviceentry

换鞋处mudroom

游艺室gamesroom

活动室activitiesroom

音乐室musicalcove

工人房maidbedroom

台球室billiardsroom

温室greenhou

●家具Furniture

方桌squaretable

圆桌roundtable

长方桌rectangletable

伸缩桌extensiontable

小桌sidetable

凳子stool

有肘的椅子armchair

摇椅，安乐椅rockingchair

藤椅rattanchair

塑料椅plasticchair

帆布椅deckchair

折椅foldingchair

沙发sofa

长椅couch

桌子，餐桌table

玻璃桌子glasstable

塑料桌子acrylictable

木制饭桌wooden-table

●庭院Yard

家宅院messuage

门廊porch,coveredporch

敞廊loggia

前院frontyard(美)；forecourt

中院(英)courtyard

后院back-yard(美)

侧院quietyard

小庭院garth

天井patio,patios,hypaethral

花园garden

树篱hedge

围场enclosure

花架arborbower

草坪lawn

花坛flowerbed

灌木bush,brush

撒水器sprinkler

假山rockery

亭子，阁楼pavillion

小径path

车道driveway

游泳池pool

围墙fence

●前门Frontdoor

会发谐音钟声的门doorchime

警报器buzzer

门铃doorbell

门环doorknocker

窥孔peephole

门把knob

门柱doorjamb

锁眼keyhole

转门swingingdoor

折门fold-away(accordion)

door

●冷暖气Coolingandheating

电风扇electricfan

煤气暖炉gasheater(stove)

石油暖炉kerone

heater(=stove)

电暖炉electric

heater(=stove)

暖气片panelheating

散热器radiator

冷气机aircooler

空调机air-conditioner

中央暖气central

heating(system)

局部暖气spaceheating

●几何名词

直线line

曲线curve

圆弧arc

圆circle

椭圆ellip

三角形triangle

正方形square

矩形rectangle

多边形polygon

螺旋线spiral

平行六面体parallelepiped

球体sphere

半球hemisphere

●相关专业名称

结构structure

电气electricwork

给排水plumbing

暖通HVAC,

Heating/Ventilation/Air

Condition

城市规划cityplanning

●其他

GRC玻璃纤维增强复合材料

(Glass-fiberReinforced

Composite)

PVC聚氯乙烯

建构tectonic

风格style

古典主义Classicalism

哥特复兴式GothicRevival

巴洛克风格Baroque

洛可可Rococo

文艺复兴Renaissance

帕拉迪奥风格Palladian

新艺术运动ArtNouveau

理性主义Rationalism

折衷主义Eclecticism

粗野主义Brutalism

风格主义Mannerism

构成主义Constructivism

国际主义风格International

Style

功能主义Functionalism

表现主义Expressionism

现代主义Modernism

新古典主义Neo-Classicism

可持续建筑Sustainable

Architecture