报警英文

AutomaticfirealarmsystembadonMCU

Abstract:Thepaperintroducedanautomaticwarehoufirea1armsystembad

temwasmainlymadeupofATmega16,temperaturensors,smoke

nsors,ystem,temperaturesignalswere

transformedtorialdata,

esurveillancesystemcheckedfirein

warehou,alarmsignalwasturnon,meanwhilethemessagesweretransmittedto

ationofthesystemwasconvenienttodealwithfire

in-time,efficientlybywarehoumanager.

Keywords:firealarmtransducer;smokensorsystem;ATmega16;temperature

transducer;smokensor

UCTION

Automaticfirealarmcontrolsystemhaxperiencedaprocessfromthesimple

racteristicis

automaticfiredetectionandalarmtechnologyhasagreatprogressalongwith

ent,automaticfirealarm

controlsystemwasudinbulkstorageplant,shoppingmalls,high-leveloffice

buildings,reudinanumberofcollectionsfocud

ononeareaofintelligentalarmcontrolmethodwithhigherlevelsofbus-typealarm

controlsystem,andinsomeresidentialareasandcommercialbuildingswereinstalled

larmdetectiondevicesfail

toreportsometimes,iabilityisnothighbecauofusing

ore,itisneededtodevelopasimplestructure,lowcost,high

reliability,fastresponding,automaticfiredetectionsystem.

LPROJECTOFTHESYSTEM

ThehardwareblockdiagramshowninFigure1,hardwarebytemperaturensors,

smokensors,signalprocessingmodule,MCUmodulesandautomaticalarmmodule.

Nonelectricalquantitythatisthroughthensingelementnsors(smokensors

andtemperaturensors)willbeon-sitetemperature,smokeandothernon-electrical

signalintoanelectricalsignal,aswellassignalsforsignalprocessingtoconvert

y,thesampleddatawereprocesdand

stemcanproducelocalandremote

auto-alarmsignals.

TemperatureIonization

Transducersmokedetector

signal

processing

PD0PD1

SCM

autoalarm

module

Tephoneel

Interface

…

ticfirealarmsystemstructure

Ⅲ.THEHARDWARECOMPONENTS

16

’smicrocontrollerATmega16microcontroller.

ATmega16isbadontheAVRRISCarchitecturetoenhancelow-power8-bit

eofitsadvancedinstructiontandasingleclock

cycleinstructionexecutiontime,ATmega16datathroughputofupto1MIPS/MHz.

Therebymitigatethesysteminthepowerandthecontradictionbetweenthe

16hasthefollowingcharacteristics:16Kbytesin-system

programmableFlash(withtheabilitytoreadandwriteatthesametime,thatis,

RWW),512bytesEEPROM,1KbytesSRAM,32general-purpoI/Oportlines,32

general-purpoworkingregisters,fortheJTAGboundaryscaninterface,supportthe

on-chipdebuggingandprogramming,3hasamoreflexiblemodeoftimer/counter

(T/C),chipinternal/externalinterrupts,programmablerialUSART,thereare

initialconditionsdetectoruniversalrialinterface,8-channel10-bitwithoptional

differentialinputstageprogrammablegain(TQFPpackage)oftheADC,withon-chip

oscillatorofprogrammablewatchdogtimer,anSPIrialport,aswellassixcanbe

lectedbysoftwarepower-savingmode.

ThechipisbadonAtmelhigh-densitynonvolatilememorytechnology

productionon-chipISPFlashallowstheprogrammemorythroughtheISPrial

interfaceorageneral-purpoprogrammerforprogramming;youcanalsorunonthe

ogramcanuanyinterfaceto

downloadtheapplicationtotheFlashmemoryarea(ApplicationFlashMemory).

ApplicationofFlashstorageareaisupdatedwhenthebootFlasharea(BootFlash

Memory)programcontinuestorun,16tobecome

apowerfulmicrocontrollerby8-bitRISCCPUandthesystemprogrammableflashin

asinglechip,formanyembeddedcontrolapplicationsprovidesaflexibleand

16hasatofprogrammingandsystemdevelopment

tools,including:Clanguagecompiler,macroasmbler,programdebugger/software

emulator,emulatorsandevaluationboards.

atureSensor

TemperaturensormanufacturedbyDALLASSemiconductorDS18B20-type

singleintelligencetemperaturensor,itsperformancefeaturesinclude:

1)Thisnsorhavesingle-bus-specifictechnology,eitherthroughtherialport

cablealsothroughotherI/Oportlinesandcomputerinterfaces,withoutgoing

throughotherconversioncircuitsDirectoutputmeasuredtemperaturevalue(9-bit

binarynumber,withsignbit).

2)Temperaturerangeis-55℃~+125℃,measurementresolutionof0.

0625℃.

3)Containing64asamendedthroughthelar-read-onlymemoryROM.

4)FitavarietyofSCMorsystemmachine.

5)Urscantparatewayachtemperatureupperandlowerlimit.

6)Includesparasiticpower.

DS18B20andthemainchipconnectiondiagramshowninFigure2:DS18B20

numberonepingrounded,thenonthe3rdpinhighandthe2ndpinthena5.1Kofthe

pull-upresistor,atthesametimereceivedasingleoutputsignalofthePD0pin.

Pull-upistopulltheuncertaintysignalthrougharesistorembeddedinthehighplaces,

resistanceatthesametimecurrent－mfromtheDQpininhigh

impedancestatetoensurethatthebeginning,sothatyoucanpullonthepull-up

ametimethemainchipalsocanbeanexternalsite

alarmbuzzer.

18b20andthemainchipconnectiondiagram.

onitoringModule

SmokensorschooHIS-07ionsmokedetectorswhentheflowthroughthe

insideandoutsidetheionizationchamberionizationelectronflowisunbalanced,

ke-freeor

non-combustion,thecollectorbeingsubjecttotheimpactionizationcurrentstatistical

fluctuation,tioncurrenthaveimpactwhen

thesmokeintotheionizationchamber,easilyintotheionizationchambersmoke

outsidethaninsidetheionizationchamberoftheaffected,ionizationcurrentdecline

inandcollectortore-chargeuntilthenewequilibriumpotential,thispotentialchange

calparameterssuchasTable1.

-07IONSMOKESENSORTHCHNICALDATA

TableHeadTableColumnhead

Equilibriumpotentialcollector5.5±0.3V

Collectorpotentialwiththesmoke

Reducedlightrateof1%/ft0.6V

Reducedlightrateof4%/ft2.2V

Capacitor6PF

SmokesignalsareprocesdonthechipofchoiceistheMotorolacompany’s

MC14468,MC14468forDIP16-pinpackage,containoscillator,timer,latch,alarm

controllogiccircuit,tdetectedsmoke,

1.67scycletheinternal

’sallkeptdetectanysmoke

inadditiontoLEDflashes,illator

oscillationperiodbecomes40mswhentheMC14448Oncedetectionsmoke,thistime

piezoelectricbuzzerdrivingcircuittostartoscillation,starttobeabletooutputto

uedduringthedetection

ofsmokecessationofchanges,atthistimeifnotdetectedsmokebeeperwillnotbe

issuedawarningsound.

Infigure3,theMC144681pinjointPD1pinofSCMwhentheionchamberof

theioncurrentasthesceneofsmokedetectionandchange,voltagechangegeneration

aweakside-spreadized15,bytheMC14468internallogicprocessingcircuit

processing,thesmokeisdetectedby1pin-outhighmicrocontrollerforprocessing.

13-pinthensliderheostatisttofacilitatedetectionnsitivitywhentheledflashes

andthebuzzersoundedapiercingsoundofanaudioalarmwhenthedepartmenthasa

firealarmsignal-bad.

Infigure3,theMC144681pinjointPD1pinofSCMwhentheionchamberof

theioncurrentasthesceneofsmokedetectionandchange,voltagechangegeneration

aweakside-spreadized15,bytheMC14468internallogicprocessingcircuit

processing,thesmokeisdetectedby1pin-outhighmicrocontrollerforprocessing.

13-pinthensliderheostatisttofacilitatedetectionnsitivitywhentheledflashes

andthebuzzersoundedapiercingsoundofanaudioalarmwhenthedepartmenthasa

firealarmsignal-bad.

etectioncircuit

-dialalarmmodule

Dial-upalarmmodulechoicesaretheEX-1dial-upmoduleisaDTMFsignal

receiving,storing,

built-inmicrocontrolleranddial-upmanagementprocesscanprovideurswitha

varietyofsignalinputandoutputports,incurityalarm,signalacquisition,

automaticcontrol,remotecommunicationandinformationtransmissionareassuchas

flexibleapplication.5groupscanhavecellphoneorgroupofvenlocaltelephone

numbersarestored,power-downisnotlost;Telephonelinestatusdetection,

automaticfaultsignaloutput;Telephone/externalswitchingtwokindsofdial-up

statecontrol;Triggertime,ninetimesloopdialpretnumbers;Towork

independently,independentdial-up,donotrelyontelephoneandotherexternal

devices.

EX-1wiringdiagramshowninfigure4,ThePD4pintoconnectthemainchip

HTO,themodulebegantodialalarmwhenPD4outputhighlevelsignal,PD5

connectionON/OFFpininputishighlevelsignaltoopenthedial-upttings,the

inputdoesnotworkwhenthispinbecomelow,ERRpinconnectedtoPD6pinof

MCU,PD6output1beguntotestwhetherthetelephonelinefailure,READYpin

connectMCUPD7pindetectionandalarmiscompleted,thealarmindwhenPD7

pinishigh.

-1wiringdiagram

REDESIGN

start

ATmega16

Initialize

N

whetherthereare

smokesignals?

Y

R0=1

collection

temperature

signal

whethertheN

alarmvalue?

Y

R1=1

dial-upalarm

READY=1?

Y

nprogramflowchart

Becauintheearlystagesoffiresandthesmolderingphawillproducealarge

tageofincipientfire

substancesinthecombustionprocessproducesalotofheat,soshouldmakethe

smokensorandtemperaturensorudinconjunction,firstwiththesmokensor

detectswhetherthereissmokegeneration,thenthetemperaturensordetectsthe

temperature,esmokeis

detectedR0is1,stthetemperaturewhenthetemperature

reachesthevalueofasonalearlywarningR1is1,thevalueofasonaltemperature

nottoreachanearlywarningR1to0,atthistimecomparedtotheR0andR1iqual

tothemainchipwhenthedial-upalarm.

SION

Bythecooperationofusingoftemperatureandsmokensors,throughdetecting

thetemperatureandsmokeon-site,theautomaticalarmsystemcouldfindanyfirein

warehouandndthemessagetomanagersofwarehouintheearlytimebythe

formofshortmessages.

REFERENCES

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DesignandRearch,EquipmentManufacturingTechnology,2006(2),P909.

[2]LiangGe,igentAnalysisofofficebuildingfire.

[3]ngFireSystemDesign,YunnanConstruction,2008(6).

[4]Honeywell(Honeywel1)'sconstructionequipmentMonitoringSystem,Intelligent

BuildingandCityInformation,2008(4).

[5]DerekClements-Croome,Intelligentbuildings:design,managementandoperation,

ThomasTelfordPublishing,2004.

[6]ZhangHuazhong,CommandingSystemofFireAutomaticAlarmandFireControl

LinkagebadonInternet,ComputerEngineering,2001.

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US:ANSI/FMRCFM3260-2004.