top反义词

2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用12原题版

基础盘点·自测自评23

重

点

词

汇

拓

展

词

汇

1._______vt.围绕；环绕→_______adj.周围的n．周围的事物→_______n．环境

2._______adj.遥远的→_______n．距离

3._______vt.禁止→过去式_______→过去分词_______

4._______adj.多变化的→_______adj.各种各样的→_______n．种类；多样性

5._______adv.自然地→_______n．自然；本性→_______adj.自然的

语

境

活

用

rea_______encanread_______bookshere.(varied)

r______________,sheisoftentakeninbyothers.(nature)

ouspopstar,helovesbeing_______bysomanyfanscomingtovisithimfromthe

_______lsolikesbeautiful_______withgreentreesandflowers,becauhecanget

muchmorepleasurefromnature.(surround)

isalways_______towardshisneighbors,sohisneighborsoftenkeephimata

_______．(distant)

深

谙

构

词

法

高中英语加-cy后缀结尾名词大观园

accurate→accuracy准确性

adequatea→dequacy足够；适当；妥善性

bankrupt→bankruptcy破产；倒闭

brilliant→brilliancy辉煌；灿烂

consistent→consistency一致性；相容性

correspond→correspondency符合；一致

currentc→urrency货币，通货

delicate→delicacy美味；佳肴

efficient→efficiency效率；功

emergent→emergency紧急情况；突发事件

fluent→fluency流利；流畅

frequentf→requency频率,频繁

innocent→innocency天真行为；无罪

permanent→permanency永久

privatep→rivacy隐私,私密

tendt→endency趋势；趋向

transparent→transparency透明；透明度

urgent→urgency紧急；催促；急切，急迫

对接高考·重点单词词性转换高效演练二十三

Ⅰ

.单句语法填空

stsatdowntoworkwhenIspottedsomething_______(move)onthewall.

ingsgowrong,allofus_______(nature)feeldisappointedandfrustrated.

rhasgonethroughsandstormsknowsthe_______ofenvironmentalprotection.

youcan’thelphim,atleastyoucangivehim_______.

cessaryforchildrentoexchangeideaswithparentsfromtimetotimesothatthegenerationgapbetween

themcan_______(narrow)．

hehikerstakenonoticeofthe_______(surround)duringthejourney?

denfromgoingoutatnight,wehadtostayathome_______(aimless).

emaybeviewedbysome_______(culture)groupsaxtremelyuncomfortable.

oftheprentsituation,we’llhavetochangeour_______(origin)plan.

llegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacourspeciallydesignedtohelpthemsucceed_______(academic)

andpersonally.

Ⅱ

.单句改错

MiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshisforbad,especiallyifyouareawoman.

tthetopofthemountain,weareabletohaveagoodviewofthebeautifulsceneryofthewholecity.

ndyourlfwithupliftingindividualswhochallengeyoutobegood.

s,Ihadmethimbefore,buthisnameescapesmeforthemoment.

etouristswhogotlostinthemountainsawthelightinthedistance,theybecameveryexciting.

III.短文语法填空

dumplingsisacommonfolk

customformanyChineonthedayofwintersolstice(冬至),especiallytho1.________

midwintercomes,period,if2.________(eat)inaright

amount,somenutssuchaspeanuts,walnuts,andchestnutsaregoodforone’sbody.

PeopleinSuzhou,JiangsuProvince,3.________(be)accustomedtoeatingwontonsinmidwinter.

Accordingtoanoldstory,duringthemidwinterfeast2，500yearsago,theKingofWuwasfedup4.________

allkindsofcostlyfoodsandwantedtotry5.________(variety),thebeautyXishimadewontonsto

honortheking’,thepeopleofSuzhouhadwontonsto

celebratethefestival6.________(official)．

InplacessuchasShanghai,peopleeattangyuan,akindofsmalldumplingball7.________(produce)with

stickyriceflour(粉).InYinchuan,Ningxia,peoplecallmidwinterthe“GhostFestival”.Onthatday,8.________is

vethemidwintersoupastrangename

andcallit“brain”，whichtheyusuallysharewiththeir9.________(relative).PeopleinTaiwankeepthecustomof

fromthesamefamilygatherattheirancestraltemplesto

10.________(hold)thesacrificialceremony,thereisalwaysa

granddinner.

IV.短文改错

Thismornarrivedat

thepark,eresuchmanydifferentperformancesandboothsllingtradition

herewerelotsofgamestoplay,foodtoeat,andperformancestoe,wespendatleastsixhours

idhehadgreattimebecauhenotonlytastednumerouskindsoflocal

snacksandanotherdishesbutalsoenjoyedlivedragonandliondances,waistdrumdancingandotherfolk

backofhomeataboutvenp．m.,tiredandhappy.

基础盘点·自测自评24

重

点

词

汇

拓

展

词

汇

1._______adj.吓人的→_______vt.使害怕→_______adj.害怕的；受惊的→_______n．害怕

2._______vi.存在→_______n．存在

3._______adj.不可能的→_______adj.可能的

4._______vi.适应；适合→_______n．适应；改编，改写

5._______vi.不见；消失→_______vi.出现(反义词)

6._______n．毁坏→_______v．破坏→_______adj.破坏性的

7._______n．身份；特性→_______vt.辨认，确认

8._______n．运气；命运；财富→_______adj.幸运的→_______adv.幸运地

语

境

活

用

_______,the_______scene_______theother_______childrenintocrying.(frighten)

2._______,lso_______forhimtomakehis_______here.

(fortune)

______________activitiesarelikelytocau

the_______oftheearth.(destroy)

_______anoldhospitalatthecorner,butnooneknowswhenitcameinto_______．(exist)

’asyto_______thevictimbutits_______iskeptcret.(identity)

深

谙

构

词

法

高考英语加后缀-dom结尾名词全扫描

bore→boredom厌倦；令人厌烦的事物

chiefchiefdomn.首领的权威；首领的地位

free→freedom自由；自主

king→kingdomn.王国；界；领域

official→officialdom官场；官员；官僚作风

puzzle→puzzledom困境

prince→princedom君王的地位或头衔,王子的领土

lf→lfdom个性；自我本质

star→stardom演员们；明星界；明星身份

unfrock→unfreedom无自由

unwiu→nwisdom无知;愚昧；愚昧的言行

wi→wisdom明智;智慧

对接高考·重点单词词性转换高效演练二十四

Ⅰ

.单句语法填空

er_______(short)isveremainlyduetoglobalwarming,environmentalpollutionandthe

ever-increasingpopulation.

elopmentofindustryhasbeenagradualprocessthroughouthuman_______(exist),fromstonetoolsto

moderntechnology.

sworldwideconcernaboutthe_______(destroy)oftherain-forests.

ately,peoplehaverealizedthe_______(rious)oftheproblem.

_______(fortune)forme,thetrainwaslate,too.

iceemedtohavefoundthenewevidenceofhiscrime,whichmadehimvery_______(worry).

vetheteacher’s_______(explain)willthrowlighton/uponthispuzzlingproblem.

ifeishardtocutsomethingintwo,anditneeds_______(sharp)

our_______(honest),ourcooperationwillcometoanend.

ys,thereisasharpincreainchildren’s_______(create),fortheyaregreatlyencouragedtodevelop

theirtalents.

Ⅱ

.单句改错

rwildlifecanbewellprotectedisofgreatimportant.

gcalmlyisthemostimportantthingwhenyoudealwithanemergency.

thetouristsmanagedtoescapefromthedangerousplace,hungryandfrightening.

learwareverbreaksout,manypeoplewillbelikelytosurvive．

theydidnotwantwarwithanyone,butifattackedtheywouldfighttothedie.

III.短文语法填空

Astheeffectsofglobalwarming,risingasandnaturaldisastersbecomemorerious1.________before,

hemisonecommunityinFlorida2.________localpeopleand

governmentofficialsareprovingsuccessfulinprotecting3.________(coast)citiesfromthedangersofrisinga

levels.

Thecommunityhasstudiedhowmuchalevelswillriandhassuggested4.________(way)toaddressthe

ersuadedthestategovernment5.________(ban)newdevelopmentsonlandnearthecoastlineand

recommendedbuildingsanddunes(沙丘)nJacobs,oneofthegroup’sfounders,decidedto

takeactionin2008afteritbecame6.________(gradual)clearthatherstate’swaterauthoritiescouldn’tagreeon

joint(联合的)action.

WhilesomeFloridagovernmentofficialsdoubtwhethertheclimatewillbecomehotteror7.________(cold),

thepeople8.________(live)inthelocationsarecertainoftheneedtoprotecttheircommunities.

Atprent,comingupwithwaystofightagainsttheeffectsofclimatechangeunderalimitedbudget

9.________(be)mewilltellwhetherthecoastalcommunitieswillsucceedin

10.________end.

IV.短文改错

asmoresurprisingthanmewhenheaccepted

ingthatthetripwouldbethechanceforusto

urovernightflightwepickeduptherentalcarand

hestopontheGoldenCircle

stonthedrivebacktoReykjavík.

ontrary,itwasaperfectone,whichrepaired

antelleverythingtoeachother.

2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用12解析版

基础盘点·自测自评23

拓

展

词

汇

ndvt.围绕；环绕→surroundingadj.周围的n．周围的事物→surroundingsn．环境

tadj.遥远的→distancen．距离

vt.禁止→过去式forbade/forbad→过去分词forbidden

adj.多变化的→variousadj.各种各样的→varietyn．种类；多样性

llyadv.自然地→naturen．自然；本性→naturaladj.自然的

重

点

词

汇

语

境

活

用

encanreadvariousbookshere.(varied)

rally,sheisoftentakeninbyothers.(nature)

ouspopstar,helovesbeingsurroundedbysomanyfanscomingtovisithimfromthe

lsolikesbeautifulsurroundingswithgreentreesandflowers,becauhe

cangetmuchmorepleasurefromnature.(surround)

isalwaysdistanttowardshisneighbors,sohisneighborsoftenkeephimata

distance．(distant)

深

谙

构

词

法

高中英语加-cy后缀结尾名词大观园

accurate-accuracy准确性

adequate-adequacy足够；适当；妥善性

bankrupt-bankruptcy破产；倒闭

brilliant-brilliancy辉煌；灿烂

consistent-consistency一致性；相容性

correspond-correspondency符合；一致

current-currency货币，通货

delicate-delicacy美味；佳肴

efficient-efficiency效率；功

emergent-emergency紧急情况；突发事件

fluent-fluency流利；流畅

frequent-frequency频率,频繁

innocent-innocency天真行为；无罪

permanent-permanency永久

private-privacy隐私,私密

tend-tendency趋势；趋向

transparent-transparency透明；透明度

urgent-urgency紧急；催促；急切，急迫

对接高考·重点单词词性转换高效演练二十三

Ⅰ

.单句语法填空

stsatdowntoworkwhenIspottedsomethingmoving(move)onthewall.

ingsgowrong,allofusnaturally(nature)feeldisappointedandfrustrated.

rhasgonethroughsandstormsknowstheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.

youcan’thelphim,atleastyoucangivehimencouragement.

cessaryforchildrentoexchangeideaswithparentsfromtimetotimesothatthegenerationgapbetween

themcanbenarrowed(narrow)．

hehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundings(surround)duringthejourney?

denfromgoingoutatnight,wehadtostayathomeaimlessly(aimless).

emaybeviewedbysomecultural(culture)groupsaxtremelyuncomfortable.

oftheprentsituation,we’llhavetochangeouroriginal(origin)plan.

llegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacourspeciallydesignedtohelpthemsucceedacademically

(academic)andpersonally.

Ⅱ

.单句改错

MiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshisforbad,especiallyifyouareawoman.

forbad→forbidden

tthetopofthemountain,weareabletohaveagoodviewofthebeautifulsceneryofthewholecity.

Stood→Standing

ndyourlfwithupliftingindividualswhochallengeyoutobegood.

good→better

s,Ihadmethimbefore,buthisnameescapesmeforthemoment.

Obvious→Obviously

etouristswhogotlostinthemountainsawthelightinthedistance,theybecameveryexciting.

exciting→excited

III.短文语法填空

dumplingsisacommonfolk

customformanyChineonthedayofwintersolstice(冬至),especiallytho1.________

midwintercomes,period,if2.________(eat)inaright

amount,somenutssuchaspeanuts,walnuts,andchestnutsaregoodforone’sbody.

PeopleinSuzhou,JiangsuProvince,3.________(be)accustomedtoeatingwontonsinmidwinter.

Accordingtoanoldstory,duringthemidwinterfeast2，500yearsago,theKingofWuwasfedup4.________

allkindsofcostlyfoodsandwantedtotry5.________(variety),thebeautyXishimadewontonsto

honortheking’,thepeopleofSuzhouhadwontonsto

celebratethefestival6.________(official)．

InplacessuchasShanghai,peopleeattangyuan,akindofsmalldumplingball7.________(produce)with

stickyriceflour(粉).InYinchuan,Ningxia,peoplecallmidwinterthe“GhostFestival”.Onthatday,8.________is

vethemidwintersoupastrangename

andcallit“brain”，whichtheyusuallysharewiththeir9.________(relative).PeopleinTaiwankeepthecustomof

fromthesamefamilygatherattheirancestraltemplesto

10.________(hold)thesacrificialceremony,thereisalwaysa

granddinner.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。多年来中国形成了自己独特的节日饮食文化。文章重点讲述了不同地方

在不同节日的不同风俗习惯的由来和饮食特点。

1．who解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少关系词引导定语从句，指代先行词tho，

指人，应用关系词who。故填who。

2．eaten解析：考查省略句。分析句子结构可知，在if引导的条件状语从句中，省略的主语跟主句中

的主语一致，是somenuts，且与动词eat构成被动关系，此处省略了主语和are。故填eaten。

3．are解析：考查动词的时态与主谓一致。根据语境，此处时态为一般现在时，且主语People为复

数，此处应用are。故填are。

4．with解析：考查介词。feedupwith意为“给某人以充足的或有营养的食物，使对……厌烦”，为固

定搭配。故填with。

5．various解析：考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词“things”，various意为“多种多样的”。故

填various。

6．officially解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词celebrate，officially意为“正式地”。故填

officially。

7．produced解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，dumplingball与produce之间构成逻辑上

的被动关系，因此应用过去分词作后置定语。故填produced。

8．it解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处构成句式“Itis＋名词/形容词＋forsb.＋todosth.”意

为“对某人来说做某事……”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。

9．relatives解析：考查名词的单复数。根据their可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填relatives。

10．holding解析：考查非谓语动词。介词After后应接动名词形式。故填holding。

IV.短文改错

Thismornarrivedat

thepark,eresuchmanydifferentperformancesandboothsllingtradition

herewerelotsofgamestoplay,foodtoeat,andperformancestoe,wespendatleastsixhours

idhehadgreattimebecauhenotonlytastednumerouskindsoflocal

snacksandanotherdishesbutalsoenjoyedlivedragonandliondances,waistdrumdancingandotherfolk

backofhomeataboutvenp．m.,tiredandhappy.

答案：

ThismorningmyAmerican

friends

①friend

JackandIwenttothetemplefair

holding

②held

arrived

atthepark,wewereamazedat

that

③what

ere

such

④so

manydifferentperformancesandboothslling

tradition

⑤traditional

herewerelotsofgamestoplay,foodtoeat,andperformancestoe,we

spend

⑥spent

idhehad

∧

⑦a

greattimebecauhenotonlytasted

numerouskindsoflocalsnacksand

another

⑧other

dishesbutalsoenjoyedlivedragonandliondances,waistdrum

back⑨of＼homeataboutvenp．m.,tired

and

⑩but

happy.

基础盘点·自测自评24

拓

展

词

汇

eningadj.吓人的→frightenvt.使害怕→frightenedadj.害怕的；受惊的→frightn．害怕

i.存在→existencen．存在

lyadj.不可能的→likelyadj.可能的

i.适应；适合→adaptationn．适应；改编，改写

earvi.不见；消失→appearvi.出现(反义词)

ctionn．毁坏→destroyv．破坏→destructiveadj.破坏性的

tyn．身份；特性→identifyvt.辨认，确认

重

点

词

汇

en．运气；命运；财富→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地

语

境

活

用

right,thefrighteningscenefrightenedtheotherfrightenedchildrenintocrying.(frighten)

ately,lsofortunateforhimtomakehisfortunehere.

(fortune)

estructiveactivitiesarelikelytocau

thedestructionoftheearth.(destroy)

xistsanoldhospitalatthecorner,butnooneknowswhenitcameintoexistence．(exist)

’asytoidentifythevictimbutitsidentityiskeptcret.(identity)

深

谙

构

词

法

高考英语加后缀-dom结尾名词全扫描

bore-boredom厌倦；令人厌烦的事物

chief-chiefdomn.首领的权威；首领的地位

free-freedom自由；自主

king-kingdomn.王国；界；领域

official-officialdom官场；官员；官僚作风

puzzle-puzzledom困境

prince-princedom君王的地位或头衔；王子的领土

lf-lfdom个性；自我本质

star-stardom演员们；明星界；明星身份

unfrock-unfreedom无自由

unwi-unwisdom无知;愚昧；愚昧的言行

wi-wisdom明智;智慧

对接高考·重点单词词性转换高效演练二十四

Ⅰ

.单句语法填空

ershortage(short)isveremainlyduetoglobalwarming,environmentalpollutionandthe

ever-increasingpopulation.

elopmentofindustryhasbeenagradualprocessthroughouthumanexistence(exist),fromstonetoolsto

moderntechnology.

sworldwideconcernaboutthedestruction(destroy)oftherain-forests.

ately,peoplehaverealizedtheriousness(rious)oftheproblem.

tunately(fortune)forme,thetrainwaslate,too.

iceemedtohavefoundthenewevidenceofhiscrime,whichmadehimveryworried(worry).

vetheteacher’xplanation(explain)willthrowlighton/uponthispuzzlingproblem.

ifeishardtocutsomethingintwo,anditneedssharpening(sharp)

ourdishonesty(honest),ourcooperationwillcometoanend.

ys,thereisasharpincreainchildren’screativity(create),fortheyaregreatlyencouragedtodevelop

theirtalents.

Ⅱ

.单句改错

rwildlifecanbewellprotectedisofgreatimportant.

important→importance

gcalmlyisthemostimportantthingwhenyoudealwithanemergency.

calmly→calm

thetouristsmanagedtoescapefromthedangerousplace,hungryandfrightening.

frightening→frightened

learwareverbreaksout,manypeoplewillbelikelytosurvive．

likely→unlikely

theydidnotwantwarwithanyone,butifattackedtheywouldfighttothedie.

die→death

III.短文语法填空

Astheeffectsofglobalwarming,risingasandnaturaldisastersbecomemorerious1.________before,

hemisonecommunityinFlorida2.________localpeopleand

governmentofficialsareprovingsuccessfulinprotecting3.________(coast)citiesfromthedangersofrisinga

levels.

Thecommunityhasstudiedhowmuchalevelswillriandhassuggested4.________(way)toaddressthe

ersuadedthestategovernment5.________(ban)newdevelopmentsonlandnearthecoastlineand

recommendedbuildingsanddunes(沙丘)nJacobs,oneofthegroup’sfounders,decidedto

takeactionin2008afteritbecame6.________(gradual)clearthatherstate’swaterauthoritiescouldn’tagreeon

joint(联合的)action.

WhilesomeFloridagovernmentofficialsdoubtwhethertheclimatewillbecomehotteror7.________(cold),

thepeople8.________(live)inthelocationsarecertainoftheneedtoprotecttheircommunities.

Atprent,comingupwithwaystofightagainsttheeffectsofclimatechangeunderalimitedbudget

9.________(be)mewilltellwhetherthecoastalcommunitieswillsucceedin

10.________end.

【解题导语】随着气候变暖的影响，海平面上升及自然灾害均会给人类带来毁灭性打击。为此，位于佛罗

里达州的一个社区的人们积极采取行动来保护自己赖以生存的家园。

1．than解析：考查连词。句意：由于全球变暖的影响，海平面上升和自然灾害变得比以前更加严重，

当地的一些社区正在采取行动。根据设空处前的morerious及设空处后的before可知，此处表示比较意义。

故填than。

2．where解析：考查定语从句。句意：其中一个是佛罗里达州的一个社区，在保护沿海城市免受海

平面上升的威胁方面，当地的人们和政府官员(的做法)证明是成功的。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引

导定语从句，先行词为Florida，表示地点，设空处在从句中充当地点状语，故应用where引导该从句。故

填where。

3．coastal解析：考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。设空处在句中修饰名词cities，应用形容词。故

填coastal。

4．ways解析：考查名词单复数。句意：社区研究了海平面上升的程度，并提议解决问题的方法。此

处way意为“方法”，是可数名词，根据句意及语境可知，此处指不止一种方法，故应用复数形式。故填ways。

5．toban解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：社区劝说州政府禁止在海岸线附近开发新的土地并建议沿

着海滩建起沙丘。persuade...todo...为固定搭配，意为“劝说……做……”，故此处应用不定式toban作persuade

的宾语补足语。故填toban。

6．gradually解析：考查词性转换。句意：克里斯汀·雅各布斯是这个组织的创建者之一，在逐渐了

解到州内各水利局就联合行动不能达成统一的意见之后，她于2008年决定采取行动。设空处修饰形容词clear，

应用副词，故填gradually。

7．colder解析：考查形容词的比较等级。句意：尽管佛罗里达州有些政府官员怀疑气候是否会变得

更热或更冷，但住在这些地区的人们确定需要保护他们的社区。根据并列连词or及之前的hotter可知，此

处表示比较意义，应用形容词的比较级。故填colder。

8．living解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰主语thepeople，

且与thepeople之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填living。

9．is解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，在财力受限的情况下，提出对抗气候变化影

响的方法是迫切的问题。句中“comingupwithways...”是动名词短语，为本句主语，其谓语动词应用单数形

式，且根据本句时间状语Atprent可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填is。

10．the解析：考查冠词。句意：只有时间会说明这些沿海社区(的举措)最终是否会成功。intheend

是固定搭配，意为“最终，最后”。故填the。

IV.短文改错

asmoresurprisingthanmewhenheaccepted

ingthatthetripwouldbethechanceforusto

urovernightflightwepickeduptherentalcarand

hestopontheGoldenCircle

stonthedrivebacktoReykjavík.

ontrary,itwasaperfectone,whichrepaired

antelleverythingtoeachother.

答案：

asmore

surprising

①surprid

thanmewhenhe

acceptedmy

invite

②invitation

.Wespentmonthspreparingand

plan

③planning

forthetrip.I

am

④was

hopingthatthetrip

wouldbe

the

⑤a

urovernightflightwe

exhausted

∧

⑥from/by

theflight.

Oneofthe

stop

⑦stops

ontheGoldenCirclewastheGeysir.

Wait

⑧Waiting

forittoeruptwasthecoldesttenminutesof

mylife.

I

⑨We

gotlostonthedrivebacktoReykjavítowonder⑩that＼whetherthiswholetripwasa

ontrary,itwasaperfectone,antelleverythingtoeach

other.