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大学英语四级分类模拟题487

(总分101,考试时间90分钟)

PartⅠWriting

ions:Forthispart,uldwriteat

least120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

YoushouldwriteashortessayonthetopicExcessSpendingonCampus.

写作导航

1.指出大学生花费过多这一校园现象；2.从家庭教育、生活水平、兴趣爱好、校园爱情等方

面阐述该现象产生的原因；3.提出支持节约、反对浪费的观点。

PartⅡReadingComprehension

PassageOne

Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscience,itis

hingstobefoundareactuallynew,theyarebydefinitionunknownin

herhavescienceoryoudon"t,andifyou

haveityouareobligedtoacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpiecesofinformation,alongwith

theneatandpromptlyufulbits.

TheonlysolidpieceofscientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfidentisthatweare

,Iregardthisasthemajordiscoveryofthepasthundred

,initsway,dhaveamazedthe

brightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment(启蒙运动)tobetoldbyanyofushowlittlewe

knowandhowbewildering(迷惑)emsthewayahead.

Itisthissuddenconfrontation(对抗)withthedepthandscopeofignorancethatreprentsthemost

siiertimes,we

eitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeup

twehavebegunexploringinearnest,wearegettingglimpsof

howhugethequestionsare,eofthis,wearedepresd.

Itisnotsobadbeingignorantifyouaretotallyignorant;thehardthingisknowinginsomedetail

therealityofignorance,theworstspotsandhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotruelight

attheendofthetunnelnorevenanytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.

Butwearemakingabeginning,reprobablyno

questionswecanthinkupthatcan"tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterof

re,theremaywellbequestionswecan"tthinkup,ever,andtherefore

limitstothereachofhumanintellect,ourlimits,weshouldbe

abletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpayattention.

rontedwithignoranceby______today.

dingtounderstandhowthingsworked

yignoringtheproblem

ingitinearnest

makingupstoriestofillthegaps

ingtothepassage,goodsciencemeans______.

ingthatwillhelppeopletomaketherightchoiceinadvance

ingresultswhichcannotbeforeen

ngaboutdisturbingresults

ingsurprithebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment

hor"sattitudetowardsscienceis______.

ent

ul

ingtothepassage,whichoneaboutscientistsinearliertimesisNottrue?

ventedstoriestoexplainthingstheydidn"tunderstand.

llyclaimedtoknowhowthingsworked.

dnotbelieveinresultsfromscientificobrvation.

idlittleattentiontotheproblemstheydidn"tunderstand.

horbelievesthat

ousnessisnotinthescopeofscientificrearch

orlatermancanthinkupallthequestionsconcerningnature

"tsolveeveryproblemhethinksup

lfindsolutionstoanyquestionsconcerningnaturehecanthinkup

PassageTwo

DuringtheSecondWorldWar,doctorstriedtosaveverelyburnedpilotswithgraftsofdonated

ftedskinlookedgoodforafewdays,sledbyPeter

Medawar—whowona1960NobelPrizeforhiswork—foundthatgraftsofanindividual"sown

skindidwork,nowthatthedonorskingraftsfailed

becautherecipient"

doesourimmunesystemlearn

whatislfandwhatisforeign?

AsimmunologistDanielDavixplainsinTheCompatibilityGene,itisalldowntospecific

genes—formallyknownasthemajor**ghourappearance,lifestyleandcareer

pathmaymakeusfeelunique,weareactuallyalwaysoneofagroup:itisonly**patibilitygenes

rovidesawell-writtenandeasy-to-readaccountofthe

**plicatedbiologybehindthecrucialgenesthataffectourlivessoprofoundly.

Fromearlyonintheevolutionoflife,individualcells—andlatermulticellular

organisms—developedtheabilitytorecognizethatwhichwasthesameasthem,andthatwhich

ecountshow,whenwearegrowingasfetus,**patibilitygenestrainthe

immunesystemtorecognizeourowncellsandtissuesas"lf"andso,inhealthypeople,they

lsareidentifiedbytheprenceofuniquesurfacemolecules,

codedforby**patibilitygenes.

Meanwhile,rerandomlygeneratedinakindof

lottery,whichmeanstheywillbeabletoattackagreatdiversityofmolecules,especiallythoof

ce,though,afewoftheantibodieswillalsomatch**patibility-gene

gsuchantibodiesaroundwouldbesuicide—

this,Darwinian-style**esintoplaywithintheimmunesystem,eliminatinganycellsthatproduce

antibodiesmatching"lf".

thegraftedskinwithereanddieafterafewdays?

eaperson"simmunesystemidentifiesthegraftedskin**esfromotherpeople.

epeoplehavedifferentimmunesystems,andtheimmunesystemscannotbeblended

together.

ethespecialfeaturesofgraftedskincannotbeadaptedbytherecipients.

etherecipientsdonothavepowerfulimmunesystemforfightingdias.

stheauthorsay"Althoughourappearance,lifestyleandcareerpathmaymakeusfeel

unique,weareactuallyalwaysoneofagroup"?

mayhavesameappearance,lifestyleorcareerpath,whichcannotbetheunique

feature.

earance,lifestyleandcareerpathcanhelpusdistinguishourlvesfromagroup.

mayhavedifferentappearance,lifestyleorcareerpath,buttheystillcannotbetrue

individuals.

earance,lifestyleandcareerpathdefineustobeamemberofagroup.

fthefollowingdoesnothelppeopledeveloptheabilitytorecognizethatwhichis

differentfromthem?

ellularorganisms.

dualcells.

ibilitygenes.

emolecules.

fthefollowingistheexplanationof"ourimmunesystemsmakeantibodies"?

systemscanrecognizethegraftedskinasforeign.

systemshavetheabilitytoattackagreatdiversityofpathogens.

systemsareabletorecognizethatwhichwasthesameasthem,andthatwhichwas

different.

systems**patibilitygenesdefineusastrueindividuals.

esthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.**patibilitygenesmakeyouuniqueaswellasaffectingallpartsofyourlife.

kingraftsfailedbecautherecipient"simmunesystemrecognizedthegraftedskinas

foreignandkilledit.

earance,lifestyleandcareerpathmaymakeusfeelunique,sothatgraftedskincannot

liveinourbody.

unesystemsareabletoattackagreatdiversityofmolecules,especiallythoof

pathogens.