英语四级图表+图画作文讲解及参考范文

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英语四级图表和图画作文讲解及参考文

一、图表作文

图表作文也是四(六)级考试中常见，而且被认为是一种较难的作文形式。图表作文就是把非

文字信息(通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等)转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文

字来描述非文字性的图表或对图表显示的关系作解释说明。

第一节图表作文的出题形式和写作要领

一、图表作文常见出题形式

图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，

有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：

1)用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出*种规律或趋势;

2)就图表中所反映的*种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。

图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比拟，

对*种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常

采用议论文体的写作方法。

写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅

的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。

二、图表作文的写作步骤

写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：

1)认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系;

2)确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的根本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据;

3)编列文章的提纲;

4)根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之

间的衔接与过渡;

5)检查与修改。

三、图表作文的篇章构造

写图表作文时，常采用三段式的述方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映

什么问题或趋势，概述图表所提醒的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段

则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的方法或建议。这一构造可以简单地表述为：

第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想〔总趋势+极端值+特点，时态〕

第二段：分析产生的原因

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第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议

模板一

①总的趋势②图表具体描述③剖析图表所提醒的含义

④理由一⑤理由二⑥理由三⑦理由四⑧总结⑨前景预测

Ascanbeenfromthetable,thepastdecadehaswitnesddramaticchanges

in①______.

While②_______.Itisobviousfromthetablethat③_________.

Whatcontributedtothechanges“t

with,④______.Secondly,⑤______.What’smore,⑥_______.Lastbutnotlea,

⑦________.

Inconclusion,⑧_________.Moreover,⑨________.

模板二

①描述图表②分三方面解释原因③下结论

1)Duringtheperiodfrom_______to_______,________rofrom________to_______,

while_______decreadfrom_______to_______.

2),____.Second,

____.Third,_____.

3)___.

canimaginethat___.

模板三

①描述图表②解释图表③补充解释

1)Duringtheperiodbetween_______and________,________declinedabruptlyfrom

_______to________,while________increadsharplyfrom________to_______.

2)ith_________ismuch

cheaperandmoreconvenient__________.Apartfromthat,_________.

3)However,therearestillanumberofpeoplewho_________,generallyfortwo

nehand,________.Ontheotherhand,________.

1.图表类型：

table表格;chart图表;diagram图表或图解，示意图;graph图表,曲线图;column/bar

chart柱状图;piegraph饼图

2.描述：

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show;describe;illustrate;canbeenfrom;clear;apparent;reveal显示;

reprent表现,描绘

3.容：

figure数字;statistic统计值;statistics[用作复]统计,统计数字[资料],统计表

number;percentage;proportion

●表示数据

上升：increa,ri,ascend,core,surge,goup,climb,mount,levelup

下降:decrea,fall,drop,descend,decline,reduce,lesn,level,down

平稳:stable,steady,remainsteady/stable;/maintain/keep/bethesame

as/similarto;little/hardlyany/nochange

波动:fluctuate,fluctuation,riandfalls,upanddown

占:occupy，takeup，accountfor,gain

而:while,however,whereas,ontheotherhand,actually/infact

相比:bycontract,onthecontrary,likewi,paredwith

最高点:thehighest,thetop,thesummit,thepeak,themost

最低点:bottom,less,least,rockbottom最低点

例句Priceshavehitrockbottom.价格已达最低水平

平均:mean平均值,average

趋势:tendency,trend,inclination

预见:prediction

到达顶峰:mountto

比例：20percent,20%

oneinthree,1/3

oneoutofeveryfour，1/4

有一个稳定的过程:astableperiodcanbeen

表示变化程度的词：

sudden/suddenly突然的，意外的

迅速的，飞快的，险峻的rapid/rapidly

dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的

significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的

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sharp/sharply

steep/steeply

steady/steadily

明显的，急剧的

急剧升降的

稳固的，坚决不移的

渐进的，逐渐的

缓慢的，不活泼的

gradual/gradually

slow/slowly

slight/slightly

stable/stably

表示围：

轻微的、略微地

稳定的

from…to…between…and…for…to…多长时间直到

表示程度：

almostadv.几乎，差不多

几乎，密切地nearlyadv.

appro*imatelyadv.

justover

近似的，大约

刚超过

e*actlyadv.正确地，严密地

precilyadv.正好准确地；清晰地

●常用词和短语

significantchanges

noticeabletrend

图中一些较大变化

明显趋势

duringthesameperiod在同一时期

grow/grew

distribute

unequally

pronounced

average

nodoubt

增长

分布，区别

不相等地

明显的

平均

无疑地

correspondingadj.相应的，通讯的

reprentvt.

overall

阐述，表现

体上讲

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e*cept除外

inthecaofadv.

incontrast

在…的情况下

相反，大不一样

inconclusionadv.

inparison

inverlyadv.

最后，总之

相比之下

相反地，倒转地

通常，大体上，一般而言

从…到…不等

过多的，过分的，额外

降低，跌落

ingeneral

rangfrom…to

e*cessiveadj.

lowerv.

elapvi.〔时间〕过去，消逝

种类categoryn.

governmentpolicy政府政策

marketforces市场规律

measuren.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节

forecastn.

四、图表作文常用的句型

(1)常用的开篇句型(即概述图表容时常用的表达法)

①Accordingtothetable/piechart/linegraph/bargraph,wecane/conclude

that…根据该表/图，我们可知……

②Thetable/graphreveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/reprents/pointsout)

that…该表/图说明……

③Aswecanefromthetable…

Ascanbeenfromtheline/bargraph…

Asisshown(illustrated/indicated)inthepiechart…

如表/图所示，……

(2)描述增减变化常用的句型

①paredwith…isstillincreadby…

②Thenumberof…grew/rofrom…to…

③Anincreaisshownin…;thencameasharpincreaof…

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先见，预见

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④In…thenumberremainsthesame/dropsto…

⑤Therewasaveryslight(small/slow/gradual)ri/increain1990.

⑥Therewasaverysteady(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic)drop

(decrea/decline/fall/reduction)in1998/paredwiththatoflastyear).

来看一篇文：

⑴Fromthegraph,wecanethatthenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncity

fluctuatedduringtheyearof1990.⑵Thefirsttwomonthsof1990showedan

increasingtrend.⑶Therateroto32inMarchbutfellto26inJune.⑷FromJune

on,theratewasrisingagainandreachedthepeakpoint39inAugust.⑸AfterAugust

theratebegantodeclineremarkably,andeventuallydroppedtothelowestpoint

16attheendoftheyear.⑹Therefore,it’sobviousthatcaraccidentinWalton

citydeclinedin1990.⑴主题句/概述表格反映的容⑵—(5)反映交通事故的变化情况(6)

小结：总结表格数据反映的总趋势

⑺Thereareveralreasonsforthedecline.⑻First,anewtrafficlawwasmade

andcameintoforce.⑼Itprovidedthatinsummereverycarmustbeair-conditioned.

⑽Asaresult,thehighestrateinAugust,whenhumidityandhightemperaturemake

driversimpatientandeasilyleadtocaraccidents,droppedsteadily.⑾Second,new

roadswerebuiltandsomenarrowstreetswerewidened,whichquickenedtheflowof

traffic.⑿Finally,thecityadministrationmadegreateffortstoheightenpeople’s

awarenessofobrvingtrafficrules.⑺主题句⑻原因/措施一⑼解释措施一/次要辅助

⑽采取措施一后的结果⑾原因/措施二⑿原因/措施三

⒀Withallthenewmeasures,I’msuretherateofcaraccidentsinWaltoncity

willgoonfallingthisyear.⒀总结：展望未来的情况

第二节图表作文样题与样文举例

样题一：

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritea

uldwrite

atleast120words,andbayourpositiononthetableandtheoutline

givenbelow:

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1、根据上表，简要描述1990年、1995年、2000年*城市人们度假方式的情况

及其变化；

2、请说明发生这些变化的原因；

3、得出结论。

HowPeopleSpendTheirHolidays

Asisclearlyshowninthetablethattherewasadramaticchangein

ally,

in1990,63%ofpeoplespenttheirholidaysathome,whilethefigure

decreadconsiderablyto24%rethreereasonsforthis

phenomenon.

Tobeginwith,withthedevelopmentofmarket-orientedeconomy,

peopleearnbyfarmoremoneythantheyudto,makingitpossiblefor

themtoaffordtravelinge*tion,peoplerealizethe

importanceofgettingwell-informedabouttheoutsideworldinthismodern

*ample,atravelermayencounteror

talkwithsomeoneofadifferentculturalbackgroundsoastobroadenhis

tnotleast,bytravelingoutside,peoplearecloto

nature,whichisnotonlybeneficialtoboththeirhealthandpeaceof

t,moreandmorepeopletaketheoccasionofholidaytotravel

outsideandrela*themlves.

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AsfarasIamconcerned,Iprefertogotravelinginsteadofstaying

nehand,Ilovemeetingdifferentpeople

therhand,itisagreedthatthe

ouldconfinehimlfwithinhis

f,Ihavebenefitedalot

andwillbenefitmorefromtravelingduringtheholidays.

点评：该篇作文属图表作文，命题思路与四级真题图表作文一致，仿真度高。

本预测题关于人们旅游度假方式的变化，也是社会热点话题，2006年1月就考

过名校校园该不该成为旅游景点话题；2004年6月也是关于旅游景点的介绍。

样题二：

ThePursuitofAMaster’sDegree

a.根据下列图描述*校毕业生毕业意向的变化

b.分析选择读研的毕业生数目增加的原因

c.说明选择读研对个人和社会产生的影响

Itisillustratedinthepiechartsthatgraduates’choicesafter

graduationhavee*berofstudentschoosing

topursueamaster’sdegreeandstudyabroadgrowsveraltimesover

thedecade.

Thereasonsoftheincreasingnumberofstudentspursuingamaster’s

,withthenumberofcollegegraduatesgrowing

z.

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eachyear,thesituationinthejobmarketisgettingtighterandtighter.

Thepublicawarenessofthesituationhascreatedasurgeofinterestin

ekingamaster’ly,manycross-nationalpaniesta

sthatthehigher

educationyouhave,thehighersalaryyoumayreceive.

Choosingtostudyformaster’sdegreewillbenefittheindividuals

lityofChineintellectualswill

beconsiderablyenhanced,whichinturnwillboosttheprogressofthe

wholesociety.

样题三：

Direction:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteaposition

onthetopic:uldwritenolessthan120wordsand

bayourpositionontheoutlinebelow:

1.描述上图所示的手机用户数的变化情况

2.出现这种情况的原因

3.对此现象作出评价

CellPhones

Asisshowninthechart,cellphonesarebeingincreasinglypopular

1999,thenumberofcellphonesinuwasonly2million,

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butin2002,heyear2005,thenumber

hassuddenlysoaredto9million.

y,a

ly,

acellphoneissomethingwonderfulthatwecanhavefunwithnews,games,

y,thedropinprice

andthesimultaneousimprovementinthefunctionshavemadeitpossible

foranaveragepersontomakeuofcellphone.

Thewideuofcellphoneshasmakethemmoreandmoreindispensable

inpeople’yfunctionsofthecellphonehavemade

certainpeoplereluctanttoparatethemlvesfromtheircellphone.

点评：随着我国经济的快速开展，人民的生活水平不断改善，通讯业的日新

月异的开展，使得手机使用普及化，成为人们日常生活的必需品，对此的利弊人

们看法各异。本预测题为热点话题，同样是年轻人较熟悉和经常讨论的话题，值

得关注。

样题四：

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashort

uldwriteatleast120wordsbadonthechart

andoutlinegivenbelow:

z.

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下列图是2007年1-10月中国博客效劳人均月度有效浏览时间及增长率，描

述变化，说明原因。

Blog

Thishistogram〔柱状图；直方图〕showsthenumberofpeopleusingblog

wecanethatthenumber

ofursincreadmonthlyfromJanuarytoAugust,e*

twopeakmonths,JulyandAugust,thenumberdroppedslightlyinSeptember,

whileinOctoberitpickedupagain.

Possiblereasonsforthechangesarefirst,inFebruaryChine

peoplecelebratedthemostimportantfestival——

meansmorepeoplespentmoretimewiththeirfamiliesandfriends,and

thereforetheydidn’ly,

nJulyand

August，theyhadsummerholidays,whichenabledthemtohavemorespare

y,withimprovementsofblog

rvicesandtheinfluenceofsome“starbloggers〞,mostofwhomare

celebrities,blogsarebeinganimportantwayforpeopletoe*press

andmorepeoplearestarting

touthervices,whichhelpe*plaintheoverallincreashownhere.

点评：这是一篇图表题。可以看出，整体呈增长趋势。但是，二月和九月

有所下降。所以，分析的时候要照顾各个方面。

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样题五

Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteapositionabout120words

onthetopic:ChangesinPeople’sDailyE*sitionshould

bewrittenonthefollowingtableandChinegivenbelow.

1.描述图表中人们每天开支变化情况

2.请说明发生这些变化的原因

3.结合图表对未来作出合理的预测

ChangesinPeople’sDailyE*pens.

Whatisshowninthetableaboveindicatesthatdramaticchangeshave

takenplaceinthepeople’sdailye**pens

onfoodhavedeclinedby30%whilethoonclothingandrecreationhave

increadrespectivelyby9%and7%.Thestatisticsofriandfallem

toe*istinisolationbutclolyrelatedtooneanother.

pmentin

readineresulting

fromeconomicgrowthplaysanimportantpartintheles*penonfood.

Hence,asmallpercentageoftotalineinoughtocoverfoode*pen.

odprentsnoworryto

theaverage,peoplebegintofocusmoreofinterestonhandsomeappearance

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ultofsuchashift,spendingonclothing

andrecreationincreasyearafteryear.

Fromtheanalysmadeabove,wemayetotheconclusionthatpeople’s

thefurthergrowthineconomyandmorechangesinlifestyle,thetendency

indicatedinthetablewillcontinueinthebetterdirection.

点评：该预测题属于图表作文写作，与社会生活密切相关，与1991年6月

份四级考试人们饮食构造的变化图表作文写作类似。根据四级图表作文命题规

律，第一段描述人们1995到1999年日常开支所发生的巨大变化；第二段分析产

生变化的原因；最后一段依据图表所示变化作出了符合逻辑的预测。文章紧扣主

题，条理清楚，语言连贯，表述准确规，结论合理。

样题六

ChangesintheOwnershipofHous(2003.6)

要求：1、根据上图描述该市住房产权的变化；

2、分析产生这些变化的原因；

3、说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响。

ChangesintheOwnershipofHous

Asisshowninthechart,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthe

asbeenasteadydeclineinthe

z.

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contrary,thepercentageofprivatehoushasbeenontheri.

thing,owingto

thepolicyofreformandopeningtotheoutsideworld,thepastdecade

witnesdsignificantimprovementinpeople’

otherwords,

another,people’sideasaboutconsumptionhaveundergonesomeradical

ast,theywerereluctanttospend,butnowtheyare

,itismuchmorefortabletodwellinahouof

one’sown.

Thechangesintheownershiphavealreadyhadapositiveeffecton

duals,youngpeopleinparticular,

result,thehousingindustrywillbeboostedandmorerevenueswillbe

raidtocoverotherctorsofournationaleconomy.

二、图画作文

1.描述漫画：

Asisvividlydepictedinthecartoongivenabove,wecanobrvethat…

或Asisvividlyshowninthepicture,wecanethat……

或Aswecanefromthepicture,…

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2.描述漫画本质/涵

Apparently,thepicturereflects/revealsthat……

或Thecartooninformsusofthephenomenonthat……

3.出现的问题或现象的原因：

,____.

Second,____.Third,_____.

或Whatcontributedtothechanges“Ithinkthereasonsareasfollows.

Tostartwith,______.Secondly,______.What’smore,_______.Last

butnotleast,________.

Reasonsfor……areinabundance.

或y,____.Secondly,

____.Thirdly,_____.

或Thereareatleasttwogoodreasonsaccountingfor______.On

theonehand,________.Ontheotherhand,_______isdueto

thefactthat________.

4.提出措施/建议：

Therefore,immediatemeasuresshouldbetakento….Tobeginwith,……..

What’smore,…….Lastbutnotleast,……

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或Itishightimethatstrictmeasuresweretakentostop...

或Itisnecessarythatstepsshouldbetakento...

或Tosolvetheabove-mentionedproblem,wemust...

5.收尾段：

Fromwhathasbeendiscusdabove,wecandrawtheconclusionthat...

或Inconclusion,itisimperativethat...

或Insummary,ifwecontinuetoignoretheabove-mentionedissue,more

problemswillcropup.

或Withtheeffortsofallpartsconcerned,theproblemwillbesolved

thoroughly.

或Wemightdomorethanidentifythecau;itisimportanttotakeactions

to...

或Takingalltheintoaccount,we...

或Whetheritisgoodornot/positiveornegative,onethingis

certain/clear...

或Givenalltheabovefactors,itissafetoreachtheconclusionthat…

或Takingintoaccountalltheabovefactors,itisreasonabletoreach

theconclusionthat…

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大学生活：树立目标长远规划

Directions:

Studythefollowingtofcartoonscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhich

youshould

1)describethecartoons,

2)stateitsmainidea,andgiveyourment.

文：

Ascanbeenfromthecartoons,differentstudentsmayhave

differentwaysonhowtospendtheircollegedays:aboystudentindulges

himlfinputergames,wastingmoneyandtime;whileagirlstudentburies

herlfinalargepileofbooks,strivingtogetpreparedforthefuture.

Afterthefiercepetitionintheentrancee*amination,somestudents

ore

ss

tosay,r,

college

isoneofthemostimportantperiodsinourlifewhenwecanfurtherprepare

ourlvesacademicallyforasuccessfulfuture;thereforeweshouldmake

ggoalsisanactive

llyspeaking,peoplearebettermotivatedwhenthey

wanttoattainthegoaltheytforthemlvesandhaveanof

trueforcollegestudentsaswell.

z.

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ggoals

forourtimeincollegewillensureourchancesofsuccessatatimewhen

weshouldchallengeande*ertourlves.

z.