学生The US Court Systemx
更新时间:2022-09-30 13:55:33 阅读： 评论：0
TheU.S.CourtSystem
TheU.S.courtsystem,aspartofthefederalsystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualhierarchies:therearebothstateandfederalcourts.Eachstatehasitsownsystemofcourts,compodofcivilandcriminaltrialcourts,sometimesintermediatecourtsofappeal,andastatesupremecourt.Thefederalcourtsystemconsistsofariesoftrialcourts(districtcourts)rvingrelativelysmallgeographicregions,circuitcourtsofappealthathearappealsfrommanydistrictcourtsinaparticulargeographicregionandtheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.Thetwocourtsystemsaretosomeextentoverlappinginthatcertainkindsofdisputes(suchasaclaimthatastatelawisinviolationoftheConstitution)maybeinitiatedineithersystem.Theyarealsotosomeextenthierarchical,thefederalsystemstandsabovethestatesystem.LitigantswholotheircasinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheircastotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.
Thus,thetypicalcourtcabeginsinatrialcourt-acourtofgeneraljurisdiction-inthestateorfederalsystem.Mostcasgonofurtherthanthetrialcourt:forexample,thecriminaldefendantisconvictedandntencedbythecourtandthecaends,thepersonalinjurysuitresultsinajudgmentbyatrialcourt(oranout-of-courtttlementbytheparties)andthepartiesleavethecourtsystem.Burtsometimesthelosingpartyatthetrialcourtcarenoughaboutthecathatthematterdoesnotendthere.Inthecas,the'lor'atthetrialcourtmayappealtothenexthighercourt.
