Right ventricle课件

RIGHTVENTRICLE
Therightventricleextendsfromtherightatrioventricular(tricuspid)orificenearlytothecardiacapex.Itthenascendstothelefttobecometheinfundibulum,orconusarteriosus,reachingthepulmonaryorificeandsupportingthecuspsofthepulmonaryvalve.Topographically,theventricleposss:aninletcomponent,supportingandsurroundingthetricuspidvalve,acoarlytrabeculatedapicalcomponent,andthemuscularoutletorinfundibulum,whichsurroundstheattachmentsofthecuspsofthepulmonaryvalve.
EXTERNALFEATURES
Theconvexanterosuperiorsurfaceoftherightventriclemakesupalargepartofthesternocostalaspectoftheheart(Fig.1),paratedfromthethoracicwallonlybythepericardium.Theleftpleuraand,toalesrextent,theanteriormarginoftheleftlungareinterpodaboveandtotheleft.Theinferiorsurfaceisflatandisrelatedmainly,withtheinterpositionofthepericardium,tothecentraltendonandasmalladjoiningmuscularpartofthediaphragm.
Fig.1
Theleftandposteriorwallistheventricularptum.Thisisslightlycurvedandbulgesintotherightventriclesothat,inctionsacrossthecardiacaxis,theoutlineoftherightventricleiscrescentic.Adelicatecollagenousband,thetendonoftheinfundibulum(conusligament),isbelievedbysometoconnectthepulmonarymuscularinfundibulumposteriorlytotherootoftheaorta.Thewalloftherightventricleissignificantlythinner(3-5mmonaverage)thanthatoftheleft,theratiousuallybeing1:3.
Fig.2
Theposterolateralaspectofthecrestprovidesaprincipalattachmentfortheanterosuperiorcuspofthetricuspidvalve.Theptallimbofthecrestmaybecontinuouswith,orembracedby,theptallimbsoftheptomarginaltrabecula.Theinletandoutletregionxtendapicallyintoandfromtheprominentcoarlytrabeculatedcomponentoftheventricle.Theinletcomponentisitlfalsotrabeculated,whereastheoutletcomponent(orinfundibulum)haspredominantlysmoothwalls.
Oneprotrusionintherightventricle,theptomarginaltrabeculaorptalband,isparticularlyprominent.Itreinforcestheptalsurfacewhere,attheba,itdividesintolimbsthatembracethesupraventricularcrest.Towardstheapex,itsupportstheanteriorpapillarymuscleofthetricuspidvalveand,fromthispoint,crosstotheparietalwalloftheventricleasthe'moderatorband'(thisalternativenamerecordsanoldideathattheptomarginaltrabeculapreventsoverdistensionoftheventricle).
Afurtherriesofprominenttrabeculaeextendfromitsanteriorsurfaceandrunontotheparietalventricularwall.Thearetheptoparietaltrabeculations.Thesmooth-walledoutflowtract,orinfundibulum(conusarteriosus),ascendstotheleftabovetheptoparietaltrabeculationsandbelowthearchofthesupraventricularcresttothepulmonaryorifice.
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