怎样写好大学英语四级作文(修)

怎样写好大学英语四级作文(修)-(2)
作文主要存在以下问题:
1.内容贫乏,知识面窄,想象不丰富。
2.文章结构紊乱,句与句之间、段与段之间缺乏逻辑关系,中心不突出。
3.语言不地道,文章中满是汉语式、翻译式的句子,且句型单调。
4.语言贫乏,缺乏美感,没有吸引力。
评分标准
本题满分为15分
阅卷标准共分五等:2分、5分、8分、11分、14分。
2分——条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多为严重错误。
5分——基本切题,表达思想不清楚,连贯性差,有较多的严重语言错误。
8分——基本切题,有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯,语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。
11分——切题,表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。
14分——切题,表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较多,基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。
【注:白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个
excellentfromthenotsoexcellent.Finally,itisviewedasanewchallengetothowho“liveandlearn".
Thereare,however,alsopeoplewhothinkdifferently.Besidesthepainsinpreparationforsuchanewkindoftest,thereisalsotheuncertaintyaboutthereliabilityandobjectivityofthemarkingsystem,whichmaydependmainlyonhuman(andthussubjective)scoringinsteadofonmachinescoring,asinthecaofastandardizedobjectivetestsuchasCET4andCET6.
Attheprospectofthisoptionaltest,Ifeelencouragedandregarditasawelcomechallengeandanotheropportunitytoimprovemylanguageabilityandcareerpotentials.IamdeterminedtopracticemyoralEnglishmoreoften,andifIamqualifiedforsuchatest,Iwillnothesitateamomenttoapplyforit.
四、六级写作最常见的有三种类型:
第一、对立观点。开头引入主题,中间和结尾(AB——I——C)、(A——B——I)(其中A和B表示对立的观点,I表示我,C表示结论。)
第二、事物性质。开头引入主题,中间根据要求,有时利与弊都写,有时只写优点,有时只写问题或弊病(AB,A、B)。
第三、问题.开头引入主题,中间提出问题——分析原因——提出解决办法。(Q——R——S)
HowIFinanceMyCollegeEducation(2000.1)
1.大学的费用(tuitionandfees)可以通过多种途径解决
2.哪种途径适合我(说明理由)
WiththerapiddevelopmentofhighereducationinChina,andmorehighschoolgraduatesadmitted,universitiescannolongerbefinancedexclusivelybythegovernmentandstudentsmustpayatlea
stpartlyfortheirschooling.
Therearevariouswaysforastudenttopayhistuitionandfees.Tobeginwith,ifthestudentisquiteexcellentinhisstudies,hecanapplyforscholarship.Secondly,especiallyinChina,hecanalwaysdependonhisparentsforallkindsofexpenditure,includinglivingallowances.Then,hecanchoototurntothebankforaloantopayhiswaythroughuniversity,whichhecanrepayaftergraduation.Ifhefindsalltheabovenotdesirable,hestillhadanotherroadtotake-----todoapart-timejobandworkhiswaythrough.
Inmyca,Iamfortunateenoughtobebornintoawell-to-dofamilyandhavenodifficultyhavingmyparentspayforallmyfees.Butasacollegestudent,Idislikeatotallydependentexistence,soIamworkingpart-timeasanewspaper-boytohelpsupportmylf.AndIamalsostudyinghard,hopingtowinsomescholarshiporawardsonedaysothatIcanbewhollylf-reliantandindependent.
1.一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用
2.造成的问题
3.限制使用的意义
DisposableplasticbagswereoncewidelyudinChina.Whenwewentshoppingatsupermarketsanddepartmentsstores,shoppingassistantsoftenprovidedfreeplasticbagsforourconvenience.Forawhile,lifewithoutthememedunimaginableformostofus.
However,disposableplasticbagsdobringveredamagetoourenvironment.Costumersusuallythrewthemawayafteru,andbecautheyarethinandhardtodecompo,theplasticproductswillexistforalongtime.Thisisanimmediatethreattoourearthandwater.
Nowadays,thegovernmenthaspasdrelevantregulationsforlimitingtheuofdisposableplasticbags:theyarenotfreeanymore.Insomeshoppingplaces,inordertoinvokethepublicawarenessofenvironmentalprotection,plasticbagsareofferedinamuchhigherprice.Asaresult,peoplearechangingtheirbehavior:paperandclothingbagsthatvanishedforalongtimecomebacktoourdailylife.Itistruethatbylimitingitsusage,everyoneinthissocietycontributessomeefforttotheimprovementoftheenvironment.
Nowadayswemayfindourlvessurroundedbyaaofdisposableplasticbags.Andrecentlytheproblemsofusingdisposableplasticbagshavebeenbroughtintopeople’sfocus.
Firstofall,theuofdisposableplasticbagscausirreversibleharmtoourenvironment.Asthebagsarenotbiodegradable,theyareblockingthedrainagesystemandcausingwaterpollution.
What’smore,customersusingdisposableplasticbagsmaythinkthattheyareofgreatconvenience.Butwhattheydon’tquiterealizeisthattherewillberemarkablenegativeimpactonourhealth.Andsometimescarelessdisposalofthebagsmayevenpoisonsomeinnocentanimals.
Inviewoftheverityofthisissue,effectivemeasureshavebeentakeninourcountry.Therehasbeenastrictlimitontheusingofdisposableplasticbagsinsupermarkets,whichnotonlyenhancespeople’sawarenessonenvironmentalprotectionbutalsocutsdownthecostoftherunningofsupermarkets.
段落的写作
段落(paragraph): 主题句topicntence,
推展句supportingntences
结论句concludingntence
1. 主题句(topicntence)是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意,要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。
Mymotherhaspasdalongtomecertainrulesforgettingalongwithothers.Don'targuewithparents;theywillthinkyoudon'tlovethem.Don'targuewithchildren;theywillthinkthemlvesvictimized.Don'targuewithspous;theywillthinkyouareatiresomemate.Don'targuewithstrangers;theywillthinkyouarenotfriendly.Mymother'srules,infact,canbesummedupintwowords:Don'targue.
1.1主题句的位置
段落的开端,其特点是开门见山地摆出问题,然后加以详细说明。
作用:使文章的结构更清晰,更具说服力,便于读者迅速地把握主题和想象全段的内容。
(段中___承上启下,段尾___概括全段。)

1.2如何写好主题句中的关键词
关键词要具体: 一是要具体到能控制和限制段落的发展;
二是要具体到能说明段落发展的方法。
(准确地把握关键词是清楚地表达段落主题、写好段落主题句的重要前提之一。
)
例1Ourlifetodaydependsverymuchonenergy.Intownsandinvillages,onfarmsandinfactories,machineshavemadelifeeasierthanitudtobe.Themachinesuenergy,andenergyisneededforheating,lighting,communications,carryinggoods---everything.Factoriesandindustrialplantsuagreatdealofenergytomakethethingsthatweuandbuyandll.
例2(主题句)Noonecanavoidbeinginfluencedbyadvertiments.(推展句1)Muchaswemayprideourlvesonourgoodtaste,wearenolongerfreetochoothethingswewant,foradvertisingexertsasubtleinfluenceonus.(推展句2)Intheireffortstopersuadeustobuythisorthatproduct,advertirshavemadeaclostudyofhumannatureandhaveclassifiedallourlittleweakness.
2.推展句
2.1主要推展句(majorsupportingstatement)
特点:围绕段落主题句展开的每一个推展句本身都不要求作进一步的说明或证明,句与句之间的关系是相互独立又是互相连接的。
例1:(主题句)Thereareveralfactorsaffectingclimate
.(推展句1)Onefactoristhemountofsunlightreceived.(推展句2)Altitude,ortheheightabovealevel,alsodeterminesclimate.(推展句3)Theoceanshaveaneffectontheclimateofadjacentland.(推展句4)Inaddition,climateisinfluencedbythegeneralcirculationoftheatmosphere.
2.2次要推展句(minorsupportingstatement)
对主要推展句作进一步的事实分析和举例说明。它从属于某一个或某几个推展句。
例2:(主题句)Idon'tteachbecauteachingiasyforme.(主要推展句1)TeachingisthemostdifficultofthevariouswaysIhaveattemptedtoearnmyliving:mechanic,carpenter,writer.(主要推展句2)Forme,teachingisared-eye,sweaty-palm,sinking-stomachprofession.(次要推展句1)Red-eye,becauIneverfeelreadytoteachnomatterhowlateIstayuppreparing.(次要推展句2)Sweaty-palm,becauI'malwaysnervousbeforeIentertheclassroom,surethatIwillbefoundoutforthefoolthatIam.(次要推展句3)Sinking-stomach,becauIleavetheclassroomanhourlaterconvincedthatIwavenmoreboringthanusual.
3、段落发展的几种手段
1.列举法(details)
列举一系列的论据对topicntence中摆出的论点进行广泛、全面地陈述或解释,列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内容的相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。
YesterdaywasoneofthoawfuldaysformewheneverythingIdidwentwrong.First,Ididn'thearmyalarmclockandarrivedlateforwork.Then,Ididn'treadmydiaryproperlyandforgottogettoanimportantmeetingwithmyboss.Duringthecoffeebreak,Idroppedmycoffeecupandspoiltmynewskirt.Atlunchtime,Ileftmypuronabusandlostallthemoneythatwasinit.Afterlunch,mybosswasangrybecauIhadn'tgonetothemeeting.ThenIdidn'tnoticeasignonadoorthatsaid"WetPaint"andsoIspoiltmyjackettoo.WhenIgothomeIcouldn'tgetintomyflatbecauIhadleftmykeyinmyoffice.SoIbrokeawindowtogetin-andcutmyhand.(条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯)
常用于列举法的过渡连接词有:foronething,foranother,finally,besides,moreover,oneanother,stillanother,first,cond,also等。