新视野大学英语第三版读写教程4汉译英和完形填空.pdf

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Unit1
1.Bankedcloze
Haveyoueverheardpeoplesaythattheytendtobemoreofaright-brain
orleft-brainthinker?Frombookstotelevisionprograms,youhaveprobablyheard
thetermmentionednumeroustimes,orperhapsyouhaveeventakenanonlinetest
todeterminewhichtypebestdescribesyou.
Dodifferentpartsofthebrainreallycontroldifferentbodilyandmental
functions?Overtheyears,atheorythathasgainedinpopularityisthatthe
rightbrainandtheleftbrainareresponsiblefordifferentmodesofthought
andthatthewayinwhichapersonthinkswilldependonwhichsideofhisbrain
worksmoreactively.
Peoplewhorelymoreheavilyontherighthalfoftheirbraintendtobemore
imaginativeandspontaneous.Theyareinterestedinpatterns,shapesandsizes,
fortherightbrainisassociatedwithartisticabilitylikesinging,painting,
Writingpoetry,etc.Left-braindominatedpeoplearequiteoppositeintheway
theythink.Theytendtobemorelogicalandanalyticalintheirthinkingand
usuallystandoutinmathematicsandwordskills.
Whilethedifferentfunctionsofthetwobrainpartsmayhavebeendistorted
andexaggeratedbypopularpsychology,understandingyoustrengthsandweakness
incertainareascanhelpyoudevelopbetterwaystolearnandstudy.Forexample,
ifyouareusuallystumpedintryingtofollowverbalinstructions,anactivity
oftencitedasaright-braincharacteristic,youcanbenefitfromwritingdown
directionsanddevelopingbetterorganizationalskills.
2.中庸思想(DoctrineoftheMean)是儒家思想的核心内容。TheDoctrineoftheMean
isthecoreofConfucianism.孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”,而是指在认识和处EvaluationWarning:Thedocumentwascreatedwithfor.
理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。Theso-called“mean”by
Confuciusdoesn’tmean“compromi”buta“moderate”and“Justright”
waywhenunderstandingandhandlingobjectivethings.孔子主张不仅要把这种思
想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待,而且还应该通过自身修养和锻炼,把它融入
自己的日常行为当中,使之成为一种美德。Confuciusadvocatedthatthisthought
shouldnotonlybetreatedasawaytounderstandanddealwiththingsbutalso
beintegratedintoone’sdailyconducttomakeitavirtuethrough
lf-cultivationandtraining.中庸思想是儒家思想的核心,也是中国传统文化的重
要组成部分。TheDoctrineoftheMeanisnotonlythecoreofConfucianismbut
alsoanimportantcomponentoftraditionalChineculture.从它的形成到现在,
一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。From
thetimeitcameintobeingtotheprent,ithasplayedaninvaluablerole
intheconstructionofnationspirit,thetransmissionofnationalwisdom,and
thedevelopmentofnationalculture.
Unit2
1.Bankedcloze
Iwasonceinarelationshipwithawomanwhowasthemostbrilliant,creative
anddrivenpersonI’deverknown.Itoldherthethingsoftenbecaushe
didn’teherlfthisway,despiteachievinggreatsuccessandacclaim(称
赞)inherprofessionalfield.Shewasalsogorgeousandxy,thoughtsheemed
nottorealizethiither,soItoldherthethingstoo.ButwhileIthought
itwasmoreimportanttopraiherbrilliance,itemedtomeanmoretoher
thatshewasconsideredattractive.
Myexperiencewiththisgirlfriendexemplifiesacommonphenomenoninlife-when
itcomestocomplimentingawoman,menoftenwalkaverydifficultline.Ofcour,EvaluationWarning:Thedocumentwascreatedwithfor.
contextmatters.Inaprofessionaltting,talkingaboutappearanceisoften
inappropriate,butatasinglesclub,itmaybeimportant.Shewillbeveryplead
ifamanthinksherclothsandaccessoriesarepretty,orherhairlookswonderful.
However,thingsinbetweenthetwocasareunclear.Womenhaveeveryright
toberecognizedandappreciatedortheirintelligenceandcreativity.Butat
thesametime,theywanttobeadmiredfortheirlooksaswell,forexample,their
perfectskincomplexionandelegantoutfits.
Unfortunately,mostguysdon’tunderstandthis.Ifwereceivecomplimentsfrom
women,they’reusuallyaboutourachievements,notourlooks.Mostofusdon’t
expectawomantotellushowhandsomeorxyweare,andsomeofuswouldfind
ithardtoregardsucha(an)commentassincere.
I’mnotsayingit’sveryhardtobeaguythedays.Itisimportantfor
everymantounderstandhowtotreatwomenwithbothrespectandadmiration.But
asfarastherightbalanceofthetwoisconcerned,wereallyhavenoframe
ofreference,especiallywhenitcomestolooks.
2.中国的四大名著是指《三国演义》(RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms)、《水浒传》(Outlaws
oftheMarsh)、《西游记》(JourneytotheWest)和《红楼梦》(ADreamofRedMansions)
四部著名小说。ThefourgreatclassicChinenovelsareRomanceoftheThree
Kingdoms,OutlawsoftheMarsh,JourneytotheWestandADreamofRedMansions.
它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间,Allthefournovelswerewrittenduring
theperiodfromthelateYuanandearlyMingdynastiestotheQingDynasty.其
内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。Theyall
reflectvariousaspectsofancientChina,includingpoliticalandmilitarystrife,
socialconflictsandculturalbeliefs.四大名著具有很高的艺术水平,代表了中国
古典小说的高峰。Thefournovelsareofsupremeartisticstandards,reprentingEvaluationWarning:Thedocumentwascreatedwithfor.
thepeakofChina’sclassicnovels.书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓,并且
已经深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。Lotsofthecharactersandscenes
inthebooksarewell-knowninChinaandhaveexertedprofoundinfluencesonthe
ideologyandvaluesoftheentirenation.四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社
会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值,是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。Highly
valuablefortherearchofChina’sancientcustoms,feudalsystem,andsocial
life,thefourclassicnovelsarepreciousculturalrelicsofChinaaswellas
thehumansocietyasawhole.
Unit3
1.Bankedcloze
Insomeurbancenters,workaholism(工作狂)issocommonthatpeopledunot
consideritunusual:Theyacceptthelifestyleasnormal.Governmentworkersin
WashingtonD.C.,forexample,frequentlywork60to70hoursaweek.Theydon’t
dothisbecautheyhavedo;theydoitbecautheywantto.
Workaholismcanbeariousproblem.Trueworkaholics,beingdeeplyimmerd
intheirwork,allowthemlveslittleornotimetotakebreaks.Theyliketo
workwithoutbeingdisrupted,andtheyprobablydon’tknowhowtorelax.
ButisWorkaholismalwaysbad?Perhapsnot.Therearepeoplewhoworkwellunder
stress.Besides,somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholicshavegreatenergyand
interestintheirownsphere.Theirworkissopleasurablethattheyareactually
veryhappy.Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentarethesamething.Their
workchallengethem,keepingthembusyandgenuinelyengaged.
Whydoworkaholicnjoydoingtheirjobssomuch?Ofcourtheygetpaychecks
fromit,butitishardtoquantifythepleasurewithmoney.Itoffersmorethan
financialcurity.PsychologistsclaimthatworkgivespeopleanidentityandEvaluationWarning:Thedocumentwascreatedwithfor.
providesthemwithlf-confidence.Peoplehaveafeelingofsatisfactionwhen
theyadministrateabusinesswellorcompleteachallengingpieceofwork.In
addition,mostjobsprovideasociallyacceptablewayforpeopletomeetothers.
So,thoughtsomepeoplearecompulsive(强迫性的)abouttheirwork,their
addictionemstobeasafeorevenanadvantageousone.Theyfeelemptyand
incompletewhentheyareinvolvedinactivitiesnotrelatedtowork.
2.近年来,随着互联网技术的迅猛发展,互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。Inrecent
years,withtherapiddevelopmentofInternettechnology,theInterneteconomy
hasbecomeahotissue.以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展
的重要引擎。AsreprentedbythepromisingE-commerce,theInterneteconomy
hasbecomeastrongdrivingforcefortheeconomicdevelopment.我国政府高度
重视发展互联网,提出了“互联网+”的概念,以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金
融、公共服务等领域的结合。Ourgovernmentattachesgreatimportanceto
developingtheInterneteconomyandpropostheconceptof“Internetplus”,
aimingtointegrateInternetwithotherindustries,suchashealthcare,
transportation,education,financeandpublicrvice.这将为互联网经济的发
展提供极大的发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。Thiswillcreategreatpotentialand
broadprospectsforthedevelopmentofftheInterneteconomy.随着“户联网+”
战略的深入实施,互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合,助力打造“中国经济升级
版”。Withtheimplementationofthe“InternetPlus”strategy,theInternet
iscertaintobeintegratedwithmoretraditionalindustriesandhelpbuild
“theupgradedversionoftheChineeconomy”.
Unit4
1.Bankedcloze
Farminginvariablyinterfereswiththehabitatsofplantsandanimals.However,EvaluationWarning:Thedocumentwascreatedwithfor.
thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatagricultureandbiodiversityareincompatible.
Infact,quitetheoppositeistrue.Thesustainablecultivationofplantsfor
foodandfeedactuallyenablesustoprervebiodiversity.
By2007,thereweremorethantwiceasmanypeoplelivingontheplanetasthere
werein1961.Overthesameperiod,thetotalamountofavailablearable()land
grewbyjust10percent.Incomparisonwithpopulationgrowth,theexpansionof
arablelandwassmall.Andtherearelimitstofurtherexpansion.Alarge
proportionoftheearth’ssurface-likederts-isnotsuitableforcultivation,
andotherareasareutilizedbyhumansforroadsandbuildings.Somelandthat
isrichinbiodiversityneedstobeprervedandthusshouldnotbeconverted
intoarableland.Thetropicalrainforests,forexample,havethehighestspecies
densityintheworld,andchangingthislandforcropcultivationwouldbedreadful
tothespecies’habitatsand,indeed,existence.
By2050,globaldemandforfoodwillhaverinby70percent.Buttheexpansion
oflandavailableforcultivationhasitslimits.Thisisoneofthegreatest
challengesfacingagriculturetoday:Howdowebalancetheincreaddemandfor
foodwiththeneedtomaintainbiologicaldiversity,nowandinthefuture?
Efficientandsaneuoflandwillbekeytoprervingnaturalanimaland
planthabitats.Toachievethisaimwilldependtoa(an)considerableextenton
theuofmodernagriculturalmethods.Ifthemethodsaresuccessfullyapplied,
webelievethatagricultureandbiodiversitycancoexistinharmony.
2.苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表,大部分为私家所有。Suzhougardensarethe
mostoutstandingreprentativesofclassicalChinegardens.Mostofthemwere
privately-owned.苏州园林始于春秋,兴于宋元,盛于明清。Thegardensfirstappeared
intheSpringandAutumnPeriod,developintheSongandYuandynasties,andEvaluationWarning:Thedocumentwascreatedwithfor.
flourishedintheMingandQingdynasties.清末苏州园林已有各色园林170余处,为
其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。BythelateQingDynasty,Suzhouhadgotasmanyas
over170gardensofdiver,winningitthename“TheCityofGardens”.现保
存完好的园林有60多处,对外开放的有十余处。Now,over60gardensarekeptingood
condition,ofwhichmorethan10areopentothepublic.其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙
政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格,被称为“苏州四大名园”。
TheSurgingWavePavilion,theLionGroveGarden,theHumbleAdministrator’sGarden
andtheLingeringGardenarecalledthefourmostfamousgardeninSuzhou,
reprentingtheartisticstylesoftheSong,Yuan,MingandQingdynasties
respectively.苏州园林宅园合一,可赏,可游,可居,其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民
间的生活方式和礼仪****俗。Suzhougardensareasmbliesofresidencesandgardens,
whichmakethemsuitableplacesforliving,visitingandappreciating.The
architecturalprinciplesofthegardensareademonstrationofthelifestyleand
socialcustomsoftheancientChinepeopleinthesouthoftheLowerYangtzeRiver.
苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物,同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。Suzhougardensare
notonlyaproductofChinehistoryandculture,butalsoacarrieroftraditional
Chineideologyandculture.1997年,苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名
录”。In1997,SuzhougardenswereinscribedontheWorldHeritageListbyUNESCO.
Unit5
1.Stereotypeshavesometruthmixedinwithafewgeneralizations.Sometimesthe
generalizationscanbemisleadingastheyareoftenbadonobrvationofthe
exteriorbehaviorofpeopleinacertainculture.Spaghetti,pasta,mafia(黑手党),
gestures,fashion-thearesomewordscommonlyudtodescribeItalians.Howmuch
truthisthereinthestereotype?AsanItalianmylf,Iwillgiveyousomeinsights
intotheItaliansoulandclarifysomemisunderstandingsthatforeignershaveaboutEvaluationWarning:Thedocumentwascreatedwithfor.
us.
Spaghettiandpastaaresacred.Youcan’ttakepastaawayfromanItalianmeal;
otherwiitwon’tbecomplete.AtypicalItalianmealgenerallyincludespasta
asastarter,fishormeatwithsaladasthemaincour,followedbyfruitordesrt,
andthencoffee.ButthereareconsiderableregionaldifferencesinItaly,andhence
inconsistenciexistbetweenthestereotypeandreality.Forinstance,youmight
findrisotto(加有肉、鱼或蔬菜的调味饭)replacingpastainsomeplaces!
TheMafiaisreal:Wearenotproudofit,butitdoexist,especiallyinthe
SouthandontheislandofSicily.Obviously,noteveryItalianisamemberofthe
Mafia,andmostwillbeoffendedifyouutheterm,evenifyouarejustjoking.
Yes,thewaywespeakisunique.Italiansugestur