常见被动语态结构x

般现在时态(主2被3)1.do/does9amdone/isdone/aredone
一般过去时态(主1被2)
2・did(规则变化4)
->wasdone/weredone
现在进行时态(主3被3)
3・amdoing/isdoing/aredoing->ambeingdone/isbeingdone
/arebeingdone
一般将来时态(主4被4)
4・willdo/amgoingtodo
/isgoingtodo/aregoingtodo
->willbedone/amgoingtobedone/isgoingtobedone
/aregoingtobedone
现在完成时态(主2被2)
5.havedone/hasdone
->havebeendone/hasbeendone含情态动词的(主1被1)
6・,情态动词+do
9情态动词+be+done
补充:|
过去完成时态(主1被1)7・haddone9hadbeendone过去将来时态(主3被3)8・woulddo/wasgoingtodo/weregoingtodo9wouldbedone/wasgoingtobedone/weregoingtobedone过去进行时态(主2被2)9・wasdoing/weredoing
9wasbeingdone/werebeingdone不定式的(主1被1)
10・todo9tobedone
特殊情况:
1.主动接原形,被动要加to;
makesbdosth9sbbemadetodosthesbdosth今sbbeentodosthhearsbdosthTsbbeheardtodosthhelpsbdosthTsbbehelpedtodosth
2.接双宾的动词,变被动有两种情况:
sbbegivensth/sthbegiventosbsbbemadesth/sthbemadeforsb
下列动词常用介词to: 一
give,lend,offer,pass,nd,show,tell等。
下歹列动词常用介词for:
buy,cook,get,make,sing等。
如:Myfatherboughtmeabike.
->Iwasboughtabikeby…
3.含短语动词的,变被动语态时,其
->Abikewasboughtformeby…
后的介词或副词不能省去。
如:takecareof,listento,laughat,speakto…
Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.
->Theoldshouldbespokento
politely.
4.某些表主语内在品质或性能的动词
如:ll,wash,read,write,translate,ride,cook等动词若有状语well,easily,badly来修饰时,用主动形式表达被动意义。
Doestheclothwashwell?
Thepenwriteswell.Thebookllswell.
温馨提示:注意主动表被动的情况:
havesthtodo
Ihavealotofclothestowash.
sthbeadjtodo
IthinkEnglishiasytolearn.
Thephysicsproblemisnotdifficulttoworkout.
beworthdoingsth
Thefilmisworthingeing.
sthneeddoingTneedtobedone
Thedeskneedsrepairing.
Thedeskneedstoberepaired.
too^todo
Thedeskistooheavytocarry.
表示状态特征的系动词,如:sound,em,smell,taste,look,feel.,用主动形式表被动意义。
Themusicsoundswonderful.
Theflowerssmellsweet.
Theapplestastedelicious.
有些动词没有被动语态,
如:takeplace,happen,belongto,breakdown,breakout等。
的区区别被动语态和过去分词作表语含义不同:由被动语态强样完成;而点去分词作表语通常用来描写情景,叙
述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。
试比较:
Thewindowisbroken.
窗子破了。(系表结构)
Thewindowisbrokenbyhim.
窗子被他打破了。
被动语态)
如:bebroken,beworriedabout,beclod,belost,behurt...
牢记(相关)句型
初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型
有:1.becoveredwith被
覆盖
2-bemadeof由制作(发生物理变化)bemadefrom由 制作(发
生化学变化)bemadeinto被制成产品bemadein由(某地)制造
bemadeby被(某人)制造
bemadeupof.
=consistof.由.组成3.beudfor被用来……
beudtodosth•被用来做某事
beudas被当作(作为)…来使用
4.befilledwith=befullof充满.
5・Itissaidthat.•据说
Itiswellknownthat…众所周知……
Itisreportedthat•…据报道…