人教版高一英语必修二语法unit2unit4被动语态课件

语态
{
主动语态(theActiveVoice)
被动语态(thePassiveVoice)
语态当主语是动作的执行者时,动词用主动语态;
如果主语是动作的承受者,动词便用被动语态。
Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.
昨天我们打扫了教室。
Theclassroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.
昨天教室被我们打扫了。
be+过去分词
被动语态的基本结构:
有各种时态的变化
do
bedone
被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,句子就是什么时态,be后面的过去分词不变。
WespeakEnglish.
主语
谓语
宾语
Englishisspokenbyus.
主语
谓语
宾语
主动语态
被动语态
Theycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天他们打扫了教室。
Theclassroomwascleanedbythemyesterday.
昨天教室被他们打扫了。
主动语态变被动语态:
(1)把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;
(2)把谓语动词变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。如:
Theymakethebikesinthefactory.
Thebikes
inthefactory.
aremade
them
by
2)含有双宾语的主动句变被动句
Myunclegavemeaprentonmybirthday.
→Iwasgivenaprentonmybirthday.
→Aprentwasgiventomeonmybirthday.
口诀2:如遇双宾语,最好变间宾,如若变直宾,
间宾前to/for(pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell…)
RiceisgrowninSouthChina.
Theglasswasbrokenyesterday.
am/is/aredone
was/weredone
情态动词+bedone
Theproblemcanbepreventedfromgettingwor.
被动语态的特殊情况:
1.在主动语态中,make,let,hear,e,watch,notice等词,其后跟省略to的动词不定式(动词原形),在变为被动语态时,必须还原动词不定式符号to.如:
1)Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom.
Hewasheardtosingthissongintheroom.
2)Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.
Hewasmadetowork14hoursaday.
3)Iehimwalktoschool.
Heisentowalktoschool.
Atrafficaccident_________(happen)justnow.
happened
2.连系动词(Link.v.)如:be,look,em,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…
PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.
sounds
3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:
Thepen_________(write)veryfast.
writes
Thiskindofsweater_______(ll)well.
lls
1.不及物动词(vi.)如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,…
2.不用被动语态的动词: