视听说2课件

ChineatWork
131804王华鑫赵园园张佩荣
Introduction
HowthingschangedforChineworkers.
—Thetypesofwork.
—Socialpolicesthegovernmentadopted.
—Thelaborforce.(womenanddisabled)
—Workingconditions.
Currentsituation.
Thetypesofwork
●Generalinformation
—Beforethereform(1978):underdevelopedproductivity
>80%peopleareengagedinfarming.
—Afterthereform:theneedofeconomicdevelopment
thetertiaryindustry(commercial,rviceindustry)increadrapidly.
●1950s-1970s(underaplannedeconomy)
—Beengagedinfarming.
—Asmallnumbergethighereducation→beguaranteedbythestate
—Urbanpeople:inheritingtheirparents'position.
Inthe1980s:(agriculturereform)
Theflowofruralworksintourbanareas.
Reasons:
-Freefromagricultureproduction.
-Enterprisinurgentneedofstaff.
-Statereducedrestrictionsonthelaborforcemigration.
Recentyears(transitionofdevelopmentmodel)
●Newformsofemploymentmushroomed
-jobsinforeign-investmentfirms
-rviceindustry
-IT
-civilrvants
●Traditionalworksaredisappearinggradually.
Socialpolicesthegovernmentadopted
-Developingtheeconomy
-Adjustingtheeconomicstructure
-Deepeningreform
-Coordinatingurbanandruraleconomicdevelopment
-Improvingsocialcuritysystem
Thelaborforce.(womenanddisabled)
Theemploymentofwomen
Intheimperialtime
Noofficialposition,minimalphysicalactivity
DuringMao’srule
Norealdecision-makingjob,thedecreasingwomen’sdiscrimination
Inprentday
Placinggreatimportanceonwomen,providinglegalguarantees
Forexample(291millionin1990to337millionin2003)
Establishingamaternityinsurancescheme
Theemploymentofdisabledpeople
-60milliondisabledpeopleinChina(24millionareofworkingage)
-Strengtheningsupervisionandlawenforcement
-Adoptingpreferentialpolicies,supportivemeasures
Grantingdiscount-interest
Poverty-alleviationloans
Freevocationalrvice
Jobreferral
Vocationaltraining
Workingconditions
·
Thechangesofworkingtime
Past:untilSaturdayafternoon
Now:nationalholiday(清明,端午等)
Salary
Health-careandinsurance
Past:pension
Now:evacuation
·
·
CurrentSituation
Facingvereemploymentpressure
Reasons
Hugepopulationba
Agestructureofpopulation
Populationimmigration