2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)x

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2021年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)
PassageOne
Questions56to60arebadonthefollowingpassage.(精品文档请下载)
TherioftheInternethasbeenoneofthemosttransformativedevelopmentsinhumanhistory,comparableinimpacttotheinventionoftheprintingpressandthetelegraph。Overtwobillionpeopleworldwidenowhaveaccesstovastlymoreinformationthaneverbefore,andcancommunicatewitheachotherinstantly,oftenusingWeb—connectedmobiledevicestheycarryeverywhere.ButtheInternet’stremendousimpacthasonlyjustbegun。(精品文档请下载)
"MassadoptionoftheInternetisdrivingoneofthemostexcitingsocial,cultural,andpoliticaltransformationsinhistory,andunlikeearlierperiodsofchange,thistimetheeffectsarefullyglobal,”SchmidtandCohenwriteintheirnewbookTheNewDigitalAge。(精品文档请下载)
PerhapsthemostprofoundchangeswillcomewhenthefivebillionpeopleworldwidewhocurrentlylackInternetaccessgetonline.TheauthorsdoanexcellentjobofexaminingtheimplicationsoftheInternetrevolutionforindividuals,governments,andinstitutionslikethenewsmedia.Butifthebookhasonemajorshortcoming,it’sthatauthorsdon'tspendenoughtimeapplyingacriticaleyetotheroleofInternetbusinessintheweepingchanges。
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Intheirbook,theauthorsprovidethemostauthoritativevolumetodatethatdescribes—andmoreimportantlypredicts-howtheInternetwillshapeourlivesinthecomingdecades。Theypaintapictureofaworldinwhichindividuals,companies,institutions,andgovernmentsmustdealwithtworealities,onephysical,andonevirtual.(精品文档请下载)
Atthecoreofthebookistheideathat"technologyisneutral,butpeoplearen’t。"Byusingthisconceptasastartingpoint,theauthorsaimtomovebeyondthenowfamiliaroptimistvs。pessimistdichotomy(对立观点)thathascharacterizedmanyrecentdebatesaboutwhethertherioftheInternetwillultimatelybegoodorbadforsociety.InaninterviewwithTIMEearlierthisweek,Cohensaidalthoughheandhisco—authorareoptimisticaboutmanyaspectsoftheInternet,they’realsorealisticabouttherisksanddangersthatlieaheadwhenthenextfivebillionpeoplecomeonline,particularlywithrespecttopersonalpr
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ivacyandstatesurveillance(监视)。(精品文档请下载)
56。InwhatwayistherioftheInternetsimilartotheinventionoftheprintingpressandthetelegraph?(精品文档请下载)
A)Ittransformshumanhistory.
B)Itfacilitatesdailycommunication。
C)Itisadoptedbyallhumanity.
D)Itrevolutionizespeople’sthinking.
57.HowdoSchmidtandCohendescribetheeffectsoftheInternet?(精品文档请下载)
A)Theyareimmeasurable。
B)Theyareworldwide。
C)Theyareunpredictable.
D)Theyarecontaminating。
58。InwhatrespectisthebookTheNewDigitalAgeconsideredinadequate?(精品文档请下载)
A)ItfailstorecognizetheimpactoftheInternettechnology。
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B)ItfailstolookintothesocialimplicationsoftheInternet。(精品文档请下载)
C)ItlacksanobjectiveevaluationoftheroleofInternetbusiness。(精品文档请下载)
D)ItdoesnotaddressthetechnicalaspectsofInternetcommunication。(精品文档请下载)
59。Whatwillthefuturebelikewheneverybodygetsonline?(精品文档请下载)
A)Peoplewillbelivingintwodifferentrealities。(精品文档请下载)
B)Peoplewillhaveequalaccesstoinformation。
C)Peopledon'thavetotraveltoetheworld
D)Peopledon’thavetocommunicatefacetoface.
60。WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheauthorsofTheNewDigitalAge?(精品文档请下载)
A)TheyleavemanyquestionsunansweredconcerningtheInternet。(精品文档请下载)
B)TheyareoptimisticaboutthefutureoftheInternetrevolution。(精品文档请下载)
C)Theyhaveexploredtheunknownterritoriesofthevirtualworld。(精品文档请下载)
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D)Theydon'ttakesidesinanalyzingtheeffectsoftheInternet.(精品文档请下载)
PassageTwo
In1950,ayoungmanwouldhavefounditmucheasierthanitistodaytogetandkeepajobintheautoindustry。Andinthatyeardieaverageautoworkercouldmeetmonthlymortgage(抵押贷款)paymentsonanaveragehomewithjust13.4percentofhistake—homepay。Todayasimilarmortgagewouldclaimmorethantwicethatshareofhismonthlyearnings。(精品文档请下载)
Othermembersoftheautoworker'sfamily,howevermightbelessinclinedtotriedtheprentforthepast。Hisretiredparentswouldcertainlyhavehadlesconomic,curitybackthen。Throughoutmuchofthe1960s,morethanaquarterofmenandwomenandwomenage65andolderlivedbelowthepovertylevel,comparedtolessthan10percentin2020.(精品文档请下载)
Inmoststates,hiswifecouldnothavetakenoutaloanoracardinherownname.In42states,ahomemakerhadnolegalclaimontheearningsofherhusband。Andnowheredidawifehavelegalprotectionagainstfamilyviolence.
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Mostblackworkerswouldnotwanttoreturntoatimewhen,onaveragetheyearned40percentlessthantheirwhitecounterparts(职位相当的人),whiteraciallyrestrictiveagreementslargelypreventedthemfrombuyingintothesuburbanneighborhoodsbeingbuiltforwhiteworking—classfamilies。(精品文档请下载)
Today,newproblemshaveemergedintheprocessofresolvingoldones,butthesolutionisnottogobacktothepast。Somepeoplemaylongforanerawhendivorcewasstillhardtocomeby。Thespreadofno—faultdivorcehasreducedthebargainingpowerofwhicheverspouismoreinterestedincontinuingtherelationship。Andthebreakupofsuchmarriageshascaudpainformanyfamilies。(精品文档请下载)
Thegrowingdiversityoffamilylifecomeswithnewpossibilitiesaswellasnewchallenges。Accordingtoarecentpoll,morethan80percentofAmericansbelievethattheircurrentfamilyisascloastheoneinwhichtheygrewup,orclor.Findingwaystoimprovethelifeoftheremaining20percentemsmorerealisticthantryingtorestoreanimaginarygoldenage.
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注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
61.WhatdowelearnaboutAmericanautoworkersin1950?(精品文档请下载)
A)Theyhadlessjobcuritythantheydotoday.
B)Itwasnottoodifficultforthemtobuyahou。(精品文档请下载)
C)Theirearningswereworthtwiceasmuchastoday。(精品文档请下载)
D)Theywerebetteroffthanworkersinotherindustries.(精品文档请下载)
62.Whatdoestheauthoraboutretiredpeopletoday?(精品文档请下载)
A)Theyinvariablylongtoreturntothegoldenpast。(精品文档请下载)
B)Theydonotdependsomuchonsocialwelfare。
C)Theyfeelmorecureeconomicallythaninthepast.(精品文档请下载)
D)Theyareusuallyunwillingtolivewiththeirchildren.(精品文档请下载)
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63.Whycouldn’tblackworkersbuyahouinawhitesuburbanneighborhood?(精品文档请下载)
A)Theylackedthemeansoftransportation。
B)Theyweresubjectedtoracialinequality.
C)Theywereafraidtobreakthelaw.
D)Theyweretoopoortoaffordit。
64Whatistheresultofno-faultdivorce?
A)Divorceiasiertoobtain.
B)Domesticviolenceislesned。
C)Itcauslittlepaintoeitherside
D)Itcontributestosocialunrest。
65。Whatdoestheauthorsuggestsocietydo?
A)Getpreparedtofaceanynewchallenges。
B)Trytobetterthecurrentsocialcurity.
C)Narrowthegapbetweenblacksandwhites.
D)Improvethelivesoffamilieswithproblems。
Translation
越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣,这是近年来的新趋势。年轻游客数量的不断增加,可以归因于他们迅速进步的收入和探究外部世界的好奇心。随着旅行多了,年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了,他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引,有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行.最近调查显示,很多年轻人想要通过旅行
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体验不同的文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野.(精品文档请下载)
InHardEconomyforAllAges,OlderIsn’tBetter。..It’sBrutal(精品文档请下载)
[A]Younggraduatesareindebt,outofworkandontheirparents’couches。Peopleintheir30sand40scan’taffordtobuyhomesorhavechildren。Retireesareearningnear—zerointerestontheirsavings.(精品文档请下载)
[B]Inthecurrentlistless(缺乏活力的)economy,everygenerationhasaclaimtohavingbeenmostinjured。ButtheLaborDepartment'slatestjobsreportsandotherrecentdataprentastrongcaforcrowningbabyboomers(二战后生育顶峰期出生的人)A)asthegreatestvictimsoftherecessionanditsdreadfulconquences。(精品文档请下载)
[C]TheAmericansintheir50sandearly60s-thonearretirementagewhodonotyethaveaccesstoMedicareandSocialSecurity—havelostthemostearningspowerofanyagegroup,withtheirhouholdincomes10percentbelowwhattheymadewhentherecoverybeganthreeyearsago,accordingto
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SentierRearch,adataanalysiscompany.Theirretirementsavingsandhomevaluesfellsharplyattheworstpossibletime:justbeforetheyneededtocashout。Theyaresupportingbothagedparentsandunemployedyoung—adultchildren,earningthemtheunluckynickname”GenerationSqueeze。”(精品文档请下载)
[D]Newrearchsuggeststhattheymaydiesooner,becautheirhealth,incomecurityandmentalwell-beingwerebattered(重创)byrecessionatacrucialtimeintheirlives。ArecentstudybyeconomistsatWellesleyCollegefoundthatpeoplewholosttheirjobsinthefewyearsbeforebecomingqualifiedforSocialSecuritylostuptothreeyearsfromtheirlifeexpectancy(预期寿命),largelybecautheynolongerhadaccesstoaffordablehealthcare。(精品文档请下载)
[E]UnemploymentratesforAmericansnearingretirementarefarlowerthanthoforyoungpeople,whoarerecentlyoutofschool,withfewerskillsandashorterworkhistory。Butonceoutofajob,olderworkershaveamuchhardertimefindinganotherone。Overthelastyear,theaveragedurationofunemploymentforolderpeoplewas53weeks,comparedwith19weeksforteenagers,accordingtotheLaborDepartment’sjobsreportreleadonFriday。